Twelfth Night Act 1 Scene 4: Summary & Analysis - Lesson | Study.com
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Twelfth Night Act 1 Scene 4: Summary & Analysis

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Instructor Katherine Garner

Katie teaches middle school English/Language Arts and has a master's degree in Secondary English Education

This lesson includes a summary and brief analysis of Act 1, scene 4 of William Shakespeare's comedy Twelfth Night. At the end of the lesson, you may take a quiz to test your comprehension. Updated: 06/19/2022

At the beginning of Act 1, scene 4 of Twelfth Night, Duke Orsino's messenger servant Valentine enters with Viola, who is dressed as a young man. He clearly thinks she actually is a young man, calling her Cesario. Valentine tells her that if the duke continues to find so much favor in him, he will rise up the ranks in no time. Apparently, Viola has only been working for the duke for three days, and he's already treating her like a close friend.

Viola is curious about Valentine's statement, asking if he means that he thinks the duke might not continue to like her, either because his taste might change or she might do something to mess their relationship up. Valentine assures her that the duke is a stable person and will probably continue to like her.

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  • 0:04 Orsino Sends Viola to Olivia
  • 2:01 Viola's Revelation
  • 2:24 Scene Analysis
  • 3:05 Lesson Summary

The duke says that his servants can all join Viola so that he can be left alone and that if she accomplishes the mission of speaking to Olivia, he will repay her with a fortune. Viola tells him that she will do her best and he exits. To herself, she muses on how hard it will be to try to play matchmaker for a man that she loves herself.

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In Act 1, scene 4, Viola perceives her connection with the duke differently than he. At the end of the scene, she reveals to the audience by talking to herself that she is actually in love with Orsino. Her situation is complicated because she has been fooling him into thinking she is a young man. Now, she is charged with the task of helping him connect with Olivia.

This situation is an example of dramatic irony, in which a character reveals information to the audience that other characters do not know. The audience knows that ''Cesario'' is actually Viola and so far, only the audience knows that Viola is in love with Orsino.

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In Act 1, scene 4 of Twelfth Night, we see the first interaction between Orsino and Viola as Cesario. Orsino quickly regards Cesario as his best friend and begs her to go to Olivia and try to tell her how much Orsino loves her. Viola as Cesario agrees but after the duke has left, she talks to herself, admits that she is in love with Orsino herself, and is unhappy about the mission he sent her on. This scene contains a lot of dramatic irony, or information that the audience has that certain characters are oblivious to.

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