Countries using the euro
The euro was introduced as book money in the European Union on January 1, 1999, and as an official cash currency on January 1, 2002. Currently, the euro is the official currency in 0 countries. Due to its special significance in international trade, it is also one of the major reserve currencies. One euro is divided into 100 cents.ISO 4127:
EURNumeric:
978Symbol:
€List of all currencies
Exchange rate history 1 EUR in USD
The graph shown here shows the exchange rate development from January 2018 to March 2024. The exchange rate for 1 EUR moved during this time from USD 1.23 to USD 1.09. In these 74 months it fell by 11.7 percent.30 years to the euro
The history of the euro starts with its initial planning as early as 1970, but it was repeatedly rejected or postponed due to many economic difficulties. The first major step was taken in 1979 with a European Monetary System, which was intended to cushion currency fluctuations among countries. The predecessor of the euro was the ECU, which was only available as book money. More than 10 years later, the EC states agreed on free movement of capital and it was not until 1994 that a common European Monetary Institute was founded, which was replaced by the European Central Bank (ECB) in 1999. This gave rise to the European Monetary Union.EU countries without the euro
The euro is not legal tender throughout the European Union. Currently, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Sweden still have their own currency, but are members of the EU.The euro outside the European Union
The euro is an official currency not only within the EU. It is also used outside. Not surprisingly, the microstates of Andorra, Monaco, San Marino and Vatican City also use the euro. They are surrounded by other euro countries and their size and dependence would cause unnecessary economic disadvantages. All four smallest states even have their own euro coins. The Non-EU countries Kosovo and Montenegro also use the euro, but without their own coins.In Central Europe, there are only a few countries with their own independent currency. In Denmark, payment is made with the Danish crown, but the crown is linked to the euro with a fixed exchange rate. One Euro corresponds to about 7.46 kroner. Switzerland and Great Britain go their own way.
But even far away from the European continent, the euro is considered an official currency. This is mainly thanks to the French, who have introduced it in their overseas territories. These include St. Pierre and Miquelon in the north of the Americas, the Caribbean countries of Guadeloupe, Martinique, Saint Bartholomew, Saint Martin and the islands of Mayotte and Réunion in the Indian Ocean. France is the only country that applies its own means of payment with this intensity to its overseas territories. In addition, several countries have a national "franc," whichis linked to the euro at a fixed conversion rate.
These countries have the euro
Country | Region |
---|---|
Netherlands | Western Europe |
Andorra | Southern Europe |
Belgium | Western Europe |
Spain | Southern Europe |
Guadeloupe | Caribbean |
Ireland | Northern Europe |
Italy | Southern Europe |
Austria | Western Europe |
Greece | Southern Europe |
Croatia | Southern Europe |
Cyprus | Western Asia |
Latvia | Northern Europe |
Lithuania | Northern Europe |
Luxembourg | Western Europe |
Malta | Southern Europe |
Martinique | Caribbean |
Mayotte | Eastern Africa |
Principality of Monaco | Western Europe |
Portugal | Southern Europe |
France | Western Europe |
French Guiana | South America |
Reunion | Eastern Africa |
Saint Pierre and Miquelon | North America |
Germany | Western Europe |
San Marino | Southern Europe |
Slovakia | Eastern Europe |
Slovenia | Southern Europe |
Finland | Northern Europe |
Vatican City | Southern Europe |
Estonia | Northern Europe |
French Southern and Antarctic Lands | Antarctica |
Montenegro | Southern Europe |
Saint Barthelemy | Caribbean |
Kosovo | Southern Europe |
Åland Islands | Northern Europe |
Saint Martin | Caribbean |
Currencies with a fixed exchange rate to the euro
Currency | Rate |
---|---|
Convertible mark | 1 EUR = 1.95583 BAM |
Bulgarian lev | 1 EUR = 1.95583 BGN |
Cape Verdean escudo | 1 EUR = 110.265 CVE |
Danish krone | 1 EUR = 7.46038 DKK |
Comorian franc | 1 EUR = 491.96775 KMF |
cfa-franc beac | 1 EUR = 655.957 XAF |
cfa-franc bceao | 1 EUR = 655.957 XOF |
Pacific franc | 1 EUR = 119.33174 XPF |
Sources
All conversion rates are based on data from the European Central Bank.Data on currency and gold reserves are from the International Monetary Fund.