Civil War Test

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Battle of Atlanta

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What happened: Union General Sherman attacked, took, and burned Atlanta, which was defended by Hood, with little difficulty to block railroads.
Significance: It boosted morale in the north by a lot and ensured Lincoln's reelection against McClellan.

Battle of Antietam

What happened: McClellan pursues Lee into Maryland and defends Antietam. It was sort of a draw, because McClellan didn't completely defeat Lee's army, but Lee was unsuccessful in taking the area, so it is considered a union victory.
Significance: First major battle on Union territory, huge casualties, and a big enough union victory for Lincoln to put out the emancipation proclamation
(bloodiest single day of the war, union technically wins but it was inconclusive due to the large amount of casualties)

Battle of First Bull Run

What happened: the first major land battle: Mcdowell's (union) relatively untrained forces launch attack on Richmond to quickly end the war, but Jackson's equally untrained roupe stands its ground and defends the land, so the union withdrawals
Significance: establishes Jackson as a force to be reckoned with and clues both previously naive sides in on how long and bloody the war will be
(General McDowell nearly led Union forces to a victory but then was counter-attacked by Confederate forces so rapidly that his army dispersed in panic. The army retreated to Washington; "First Battle of Manassas")

Battle of Chancellorsville

What happened: (Virginia) Hooker was timid, Lee was risky, so Lee, who had half the amount of men, won.
Significance: mortally wounded Stonewall Jackson
(Union General Hooker's Army of the Potomac was attacked on the right by Stonewall Jackson and the front by Lee. The army barely escaped but was not completely destroyed. Jackson is fatally wounded. This took place in the Wilderness (May 1-5, 1863). More Union than Confederates. Confederates had element of surprise. Confederates won.)

Battle of Chattanooga

What happened: Grant controls forces in the Chattanooga campaign (the western theatre of the war) and successfully takes down the confederate lines
Significance: Opens up Sherman's attack on the deep south (Atlanta)
(reinforced Union army drove confederates back into Georgia, from this battle they were able to achieve control of the Tennessee river )