I haven't read the article but I did witness an event once which could be something that could happen to you by using a VPN.
I was flying domestically within Argentina. The national carrier operates a 2 tier pricing structure, low prices for locals, higher prices for others. I tried doing a dummy booking to get the lower price by using my Buenos Aires hotel address as my address, just to see what happened. It became clear to me that once I'd entered my passport that I was not going to be able to book the flight. While very, very few airlines do need passport info at time of flight tickets, this airline wanted them and you can figure out exactly why.
I was simply testing the system, I booked the ticket with my UK address and paid the 'foreigner fare' which was not hugely higher as I booked early.
At the airport when we did fly, there were some other passengers causing some sort of kerfuffle at a check in counter for a different flight destination. I did not overhear any of the conversation, but was told by the local in 'my' check in line that it was a foreigner being asked to pay the fare difference for having the wrong ticket, and something the check in staff were wise to (online check in was not available at that airport for the airline I was flying).
SWT