Jeremy taught elementary school for 18 years in in the United States and in Switzerland. He has a Masters in Education from Rollins College in Winter Park, Florida. He's taught grades 2, 3, 4, 5 and 8. His strength is in educational content writing and technology in the classroom
What are Idioms? - Lesson for Kids
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ShowIdioms are phrases that have a meaning that is very different from its individual parts. Unlike most sentences that have a literal meaning, idioms have figurative meaning. A literal meaning is when each word in a sentence stays true to its actual meaning. A figurative meaning is when a combination of words mean something different than the individual words do.
If you take the sentence, ''the dog ran down the street,'' you can figure out what the sentence means as long as you know what each part means. It's literal. But idioms don't work that way; they are figurative. Take the common idiom ''you let the cat out of the bag.'' If you take the literal parts and add them up, you would assume that it meant that a person was opening up a bag and letting a cat out of it. But that isn't even remotely close to what it means. The idiom doesn't even have anything to do with a cat or even a bag. Letting the cat out of the bag means to reveal a secret. The hard part of idioms is that you need to know what the phrase means to begin with. There's no way to use the literal parts to find the meaning.
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Idioms exist in all languages. Oftentimes, idioms are cultural, which means that they develop from different groups of people throughout history and are passed down. Many of the most common idioms have origins that are quite fascinating.
Have you ever heard someone say ''bite the bullet''? Do you know what it means? First of all, it doesn't mean you literally take a bite out of a bullet. It means to accept an unpleasant situation. Your mom might tell you to just ''bite the bullet and do your homework.'' This idiom came from olden days. When doctors would run out of pain medicine, they would sometimes give a patient a bullet to bite down on when operating on them.
Some origins of idioms are harder to find. The idiom ''let the cat out of the bag'' doesn't have a completely agreed upon origin. Many people believe that in medieval times, merchants would sell pigs to farmers in cloth bags. If the merchant ran out of pigs, that merchant would grab a stray cat and place it in the bag. The farmer would get home and let the cat out of the bag, revealing the secret that he was cheated.
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Let's take a few moments to look at some really common idioms, perhaps even ones you've heard your parents or teachers say.
- ''Dark horse in the running,'' which means a person of unknown abilities
- ''Face the music,'' which means to face the consequence of something you did
- ''A chip on your shoulder,'' which means you're holding a grudge
- ''Sick as a dog,'' which means you're really sick
- ''When pigs fly,'' which means something that will never happen
- ''Bite off more than you can chew,'' which means to take on a task that's way too big
- ''Costs an arm and a leg,'' which means something is very expensive
- ''Not playing with a full deck,'' which means someone who lacks intelligence
- ''Take it with a grain of salt,'' which means not to take what someone says too seriously
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Okay, let's take a couple of moments to review what we've learned about idioms, and how they're used. Idioms are phrases that mean something completely different than the individual words put together. To understand idioms, you need to understand the difference between literal meaning and figurative meaning. A literal meaning is when each word in a sentence stays true to its actual meaning, while a figurative meaning is when a combination of words mean something different than the individual words do. Idioms come from many cultures and are passed down in different languages. You have to learn what they mean because you can't use the words in the phrase to decode them.
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