What You Need to Know About Becoming a Computer Science Major

Students in a computer science major enter the dynamic world of technology, studying topics like artificial intelligence, software design and computer graphics. By the time majors complete their degrees, they will have the skills to examine complex problems with computer tools.

What Is a Computer Science Major?

Computer science is a major for problem-solving students who want to learn how to use computers and computational processes to build websites, program robots, mine data and more. Computer science majors may go on to master’s or doctorate programs in the field, and they can work in research and industry. Students will gain experience with the theory and practice of computer science as they explore algorithms, programming languages and operating systems, for example.

In classes, majors may apply their learning to topics like computational finance, robotics and network security. Undergraduates may be able to access internships and research opportunities through their programs.

Computer science major vs. computer engineering major: What’s the difference?

Computer science and computer engineering are separate computing majors that both study the hardware and software of computer systems. Computer science, with its deep foundation in mathematics, focuses on the theory behind programming, computation and operating systems.

Computer engineering is the study of engineering applied to computers and computer systems. While a computer engineering major is rooted in the practical use and development of computers, a computer science major teaches students how to design operating systems, for example, that run on the machines computer engineers create.

Common Coursework Computer Science Majors Can Expect

Computer science majors must study calculus to earn their degrees. Other relevant math courses include statistics and linear algebra. Introductory computer science classes cover topics like algorithm design, computer organization and abstract data types. After students develop a strong foundation in the major, they can move on to more complicated courses related to data visualization, neural networks and cryptography, among other subjects.

At some schools, students may choose to pursue either a Bachelor of Arts or a Bachelor of Science in computer science. The B.A. contains fewer required classes and may be more relevant for students who plan to work in another field after college. Many degree programs make it possible for students to combine computer science with another discipline, like architecture, electrical engineering or molecular biology. Students interested in research can seek out opportunities with faculty members, develop independent projects and look into relevant coursework.

How to Know if This Major Is the Right Fit for You

Strong logical thinkers excited by the idea of entering a challenging field might think about majoring in computer science. If you’d be eager to contribute to innovative research that boosts cybersecurity, creates virtual reality or trains machines, computer science may be the right fit for you.

Even if you don’t see yourself becoming a researcher, a computer science degree could still be a good choice. Career paths in the field span industries from fashion to information technology, with jobs for computer scientists available in data science, software engineering, application development and more. If you’re an adaptable problem solver or hope to become one, you may want to consider courses in computer science.

What Can I Do With a Computer Science Major?

Computer science has applications in all kinds of industries, including transportation, entertainment and medicine. With so many possible landing places, you can likely find your niche.

A major in computer science can open positions in data analytics, web development and consulting, for example, and jobs are available at companies ranging in size from small startups to large corporations. The major’s focus on programming skills prepares students to work as a computer system analyst, for example, who helps organizations use IT systems more efficiently. For a career path like this that works with more advanced systems, a student may benefit from earning a master's in computer science or a master's in computer information systems. Those interested in the systems used to store, organize and secure data can use their knowledge of programming languages to become a database administrator.

A computer science program can also prepare students to become information security analysts, who use software to protect organizations’ network security. A certification, like the CompTIA Security+ certification, can give prospective IT professionals’ resumes a boost, as it certifies you have the necessary skills to work in a cybersecurity career.

Those interested in becoming computer programmers can gain certifications in specific products and programming languages, and some companies require that computer programmers are certified in the areas in which they work, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics. Those just entering the field may want to consider a program that doesn't have any prerequisites, such as the Certified Entry-Level Python Programmer or the C Programming Language Certified Associate Certification.

Students can also consider graduate study in the field. There are master’s options for those interested in industry positions as well as doctorate paths for those more likely to pursue research. When hiring a software developer – a role involving the planning and designing of software based on user needs – employers may prefer candidates who have a master’s degree.

Job opportunities in computer science are on the rise, so majors should have plenty of options. See the table below for jobs computer science majors can consider after earning a bachelor's or master's degree.

Data is sourced from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

What Computer Science Majors Say

“I would say don't hesitate to take your first comp sci class. I began in my sophomore year, and even though many peers were ahead, the introductory course was interesting and manageable, and it is fun to tackle those projects. Give it a shot.”

– Cathy Chen, a junior at Colgate University, class of ‘25, a computer science and economics major, and a member of the Colgate Coder club.

“Being a computer science student can definitely be challenging at times, but it’s a worthwhile challenge. It’s a journey of exploring and problem solving. There’s a level of satisfaction that comes from exploring complex algorithms, developing innovative software, and understanding the intricate world of technology. Some advice I would give to new students is to not be afraid to explore new fields they’re interested in and to not be scared of making mistakes. I would also say to stay curious and keep exploring as technology is advancing every day. In my experience with student organizations like Women In Cybersecurity and Girls Who Code, these organizations are very helpful in encouraging minorities such as women to continue their studies in the field.”

– Daniyah Taimur, a junior at the University of Maryland, class of ‘25, a computer science and economics major, and a mentor of Girls Who Code UMD.

Schools Offering a Computer Science Major

Check out some schools below that offer computer science majors and find the full list of schools here that you can filter and sort.