Wuhan
Prefecture-level and sub-provincial city in China / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Wuhan[lower-alpha 1] is the capital of Hubei Province in the People's Republic of China.[15] With a population of over eleven million, it is the most populous city in Hubei and the ninth-most-populous city in China.[16] It is also one of the nine national central cities.[17]
Wuhan
武汉市 | |
|---|---|
 View of the Yangtze River from Snake Hill  Wuchang Uprising Government Site | |
| Nicknames: | |
| Motto(s): 武汉，每天不一样！("Wuhan, Different Every Day!") | |
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.png) Location of Wuhan City jurisdiction in Hubei | |
  Wuhan Location of the city center in Hubei Show map of Hubei Wuhan Wuhan (Eastern China) Show map of Eastern China Wuhan Wuhan (China) Show map of China | |
| Coordinates (Wuhan municipal government): 30°35′36″N 114°18′17″E | |
| Country | China |
| Province | Hubei |
| Settled | 1500 BC |
| First unified | January 1, 1927[6] |
| Hancheng walls built | 223 BC |
| Municipal seat | Jiang'an District |
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| Government | |
| • Type | Prefecture-level and sub-provincial city |
| • Body | Wuhan Municipal People's Congress |
| • CCP Secretary | Guo Yuanqiang |
| • Congress Chairman | Hu Lishan |
| • Mayor | Cheng Yongwen |
| • CPPCC Chairman | Yang Zhi |
| Area | |
| • City | 8,494.41 km2 (3,279.71 sq mi) |
| • Urban (2018)[9] | 1,528 km2 (590 sq mi) |
| Population (2020) | |
| • City | 12,326,500[10] |
| Demonym | Wuhanese |
| Languages | |
| • Languages | Wuhan dialect, Standard Chinese |
| Major ethnic groups | |
| • Major ethnic groups | Han |
| Time zone | UTC+08:00 (China Standard) |
| Postal code | 430000–430400 |
| Area code | 0027 |
| ISO 3166 code | CN-HB-01 |
| GDP | 2021 |
| – Total | |
| - Per capita |
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| - Growth |  12.2% (2021) |
| License plate prefixes |
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| HDI (2015) | 0.839[12] (9th) – very high |
| City tree | Metasequoia[13] |
| City flower | Plum blossom |
| Website | 武汉政府门户网站 (Wuhan Government Web Portal) (in Chinese); English Wuhan (in English) |
| Wuhan | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Simplified Chinese | 武汉 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 武漢 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Literal meaning | "[The combined cities of] Wu[chang] and Han[kou]" | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Wuhan historically served as a busy city port for commerce and trading with some crucial influences on Chinese history. The name "Wuhan" came from the city's historical origin from the conglomeration of Wuchang, Hankou, and Hanyang, which are collectively known as the "Three Towns of Wuhan" (武汉三镇). Wuhan lies in the eastern Jianghan Plain, at the confluence of the Yangtze river and its largest tributary, the Han River, and is known as "Nine Provinces' Thoroughfare" (九省通衢).[1] Wuhan was the site of the 1911 Wuchang Uprising against the Qing dynasty which ended 2,000 years of dynastic rule. Wuhan was briefly a capital of China twice, in 1927 under a left wing Kuomintang (KMT) government,[18] and in 1937 as a provisional wartime capital during World War II.[19][20] On December 31, 2019, SARS-CoV-2, a novel coronavirus that later caused the COVID-19 pandemic, was first discovered in Wuhan[21][22] and the city was the location of the first lockdown of the pandemic in January 2020.[23]
Wuhan is considered the political, economic, financial, commercial, cultural, and educational center of Central China.[16] It is a major transportation hub, with dozens of railways, roads, and expressways passing through the city and connecting to other major cities.[24] Because of its key role in domestic transportation, Wuhan is sometimes referred to as "the Chicago of China" by foreign sources.[3][4][5] The "Golden Waterway" of the Yangtze River and the Han River traverse the urban area and divide Wuhan into the three districts of Wuchang, Hankou, and Hanyang. The Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge crosses the Yangtze in the city. The Three Gorges Dam, the world's largest power station in terms of installed capacity, is located nearby. Historically, Wuhan has suffered risks of flooding,[25] prompting the government to alleviate the situation by introducing ecologically friendly absorption mechanisms.[26]
While Wuhan has been a traditional manufacturing hub for decades, it is also one of the areas promoting modern industrial changes in China. Wuhan has three national development zones, four scientific and technological development parks, over 350 research institutes, 1,656 high tech enterprises, numerous enterprise incubators and investments from 230 Fortune Global 500 firms.[27] It produced GDP (nominal) of US$274 billion in 2021. The Dongfeng Motor Corporation, an automobile manufacturer, is headquartered in Wuhan. The city is home to multiple notable institutes of higher education, including Wuhan University[28] and the Huazhong University of Science and Technology. Wuhan is a major city in the world by scientific research outputs and it ranks 10th globally, 6th in the Asia-Pacific and 5th in China (after Beijing, Shanghai, Nanjing and Guangzhou).[29] In 2017, Wuhan was designated as a Creative City by UNESCO, in the field of design.[30] Wuhan is classified as a Beta- (global second tier) city together with seven other cities in China, including Changsha, Dalian, Jinan, Shenyang, Xiamen, Xi'an and Zhengzhou by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network.[31] Wuhan is also one of the world's top 100 financial centers, according to the Global Financial Centres Index.[32]