New York's 18th Congressional District

New York's 18th Congressional District

Incumbent

Pat Ryan

Assumed office: January 3, 2023

New York's 18th Congressional District in the United States House of Representatives is represented by Pat Ryan (D).

As of the 2020 Census, New York representatives represented an average of 777,529 residents. After the 2010 Census, each member represented 719,298 residents.

Elections

2024

See also: New York's 18th Congressional District election, 2024

New York's 18th Congressional District election, 2024 (June 25 Democratic primary)

New York's 18th Congressional District election, 2024 (June 25 Republican primary)

General election

The primary will occur on June 25, 2024. The general election will occur on November 5, 2024. General election candidates will be added here following the primary.

Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. House New York District 18

Incumbent Pat Ryan and Alexander Saulino are running in the Democratic primary for U.S. House New York District 18 on June 25, 2024.

		Candidate
		Pat Ryan
		Alexander Saulino

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	Incumbents are bolded and underlined.
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Republican primary election

Republican primary for U.S. House New York District 18

Alison Esposito and Lovelynn Gwinn are running in the Republican primary for U.S. House New York District 18 on June 25, 2024.

		Candidate
		Alison Esposito
		Lovelynn Gwinn

---

	There are no incumbents in this race.
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Conservative Party primary election

Conservative Party primary for U.S. House New York District 18

Alison Esposito is running in the Conservative Party primary for U.S. House New York District 18 on June 25, 2024.

		Candidate
		Alison Esposito

---

	There are no incumbents in this race.
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Working Families Party primary election

Working Families Party primary for U.S. House New York District 18

Incumbent Pat Ryan is running in the Working Families Party primary for U.S. House New York District 18 on June 25, 2024.

		Candidate
		Pat Ryan

---

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined.
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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2022

See also: New York's 18th Congressional District election, 2022

General election

General election for U.S. House New York District 18

Incumbent Pat Ryan defeated Colin Schmitt in the general election for U.S. House New York District 18 on November 8, 2022.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Pat Ryan (D / Working Families Party)	50.6	135,245
		Colin Schmitt (R / Conservative Party)	49.3	131,653
		Other/Write-in votes	0.1	155

---

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 267,053
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. House New York District 18

Incumbent Pat Ryan defeated Aisha Mills and Moses Mugulusi in the Democratic primary for U.S. House New York District 18 on August 23, 2022.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Pat Ryan	83.8	30,093
		Aisha Mills	13.2	4,730
		Moses Mugulusi	2.8	993
		Other/Write-in votes	0.3	108

---

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 35,924
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
If you are a candidate and would like to tell readers and voters more about why they should vote for you, complete the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection Survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

• Michael Berean (D)

Republican primary election

The Republican primary election was canceled. Colin Schmitt advanced from the Republican primary for U.S. House New York District 18.

Conservative Party primary election

The Conservative Party primary election was canceled. Colin Schmitt advanced from the Conservative Party primary for U.S. House New York District 18.

Working Families Party primary election

The Working Families Party primary election was canceled. Incumbent Pat Ryan advanced from the Working Families Party primary for U.S. House New York District 18.

2020

See also: New York's 18th Congressional District election, 2020

General election

General election for U.S. House New York District 18

Incumbent Sean Maloney defeated Chele Farley and Scott Smith in the general election for U.S. House New York District 18 on November 3, 2020.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Sean Maloney (D / Working Families Party / Independence Party)	55.8	187,444
		Chele Farley (R / Conservative Party)	43.2	145,145
		Scott Smith (Serve America Movement Party / L)	0.9	3,164
		Other/Write-in votes	0.0	118

---

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 335,871
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Democratic primary election

The Democratic primary election was canceled. Incumbent Sean Maloney advanced from the Democratic primary for U.S. House New York District 18.

Republican primary election

The Republican primary election was canceled. Chele Farley advanced from the Republican primary for U.S. House New York District 18.

Conservative Party primary election

The Conservative Party primary election was canceled. Chele Farley advanced from the Conservative Party primary for U.S. House New York District 18.

Independence Party primary election

The Independence Party primary election was canceled. Incumbent Sean Maloney advanced from the Independence Party primary for U.S. House New York District 18.

Libertarian primary election

The Libertarian primary election was canceled. Scott Smith advanced from the Libertarian primary for U.S. House New York District 18.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

• Chele Farley (L)

Serve America Movement Party primary election

The Serve America Movement Party primary election was canceled. Scott Smith advanced from the Serve America Movement Party primary for U.S. House New York District 18.

Working Families Party primary election

The Working Families Party primary election was canceled. Incumbent Sean Maloney advanced from the Working Families Party primary for U.S. House New York District 18.

2018

See also: New York's 18th Congressional District election, 2018

General election

General election for U.S. House New York District 18

Incumbent Sean Maloney defeated James O'Donnell in the general election for U.S. House New York District 18 on November 6, 2018.

		Candidate	%	Votes
✔		Sean Maloney (D)	55.5	139,564
		James O'Donnell (R)	44.5	112,035

---

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source	Total votes: 251,599 (100.00% precincts reporting)
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

• Alex Fernandez (Independent)

Democratic primary election

Democratic primary for U.S. House New York District 18

Incumbent Sean Maloney advanced from the Democratic primary for U.S. House New York District 18 on June 26, 2018.

		Candidate
✔		Sean Maloney

---

	Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified.
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Republican primary election

Republican primary for U.S. House New York District 18

James O'Donnell advanced from the Republican primary for U.S. House New York District 18 on June 26, 2018.

		Candidate
✔		James O'Donnell

---

	There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified.
= candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.
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Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

• Sakima Green-Brown (R)
• Jarred Buchanan (R)

2016

See also: New York's 18th Congressional District election, 2016

Heading into the election, Ballotpedia rated this race as safely Democratic. Incumbent Sean Maloney (D) defeated Phil Oliva (R) in the general election on November 8, 2016. Maloney was a member of the Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee's Frontline Program, which was designed to help protect vulnerable Democratic incumbents heading into the 2016 election. Oliva defeated Kenneth Del Vecchio in the Republican primary, while incumbent Maloney faced no primary challenger. The primary elections took place on June 28, 2016.

U.S. House, New York District 18 General Election, 2016

Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Democratic	Sean Maloney Incumbent	55.6%	162,060
	Republican	Phil Oliva	44.4%	129,369
Total Votes				291,429
Source: New York Board of Elections

U.S. House, New York, District 18 Republican Primary, 2016

Candidate	Vote %	Votes
Phil Oliva	57%	3,574
Kenneth Del Vecchio	43%	2,696
Total Votes		6,270
Source: New York State Board of Elections

2014

See also: New York's 18th Congressional District elections, 2014

The 18th Congressional District of New York held an election for the U.S. House of Representatives on November 4, 2014. Incumbent Sean Maloney (D) defeated Nan Hayworth (R) and Scott Smith ("Send Mr. Smith") in the general election. In the primary election on June 24, 2014, Maloney ran uncontested for the Democratic and Working Families Party nominations, but Hayworth defeated him in the Independence Party primary. Hayworth also ran unopposed for the Republican and Conservative Party nominations. Smith did not run in the primary, but he ran as an independent ("Send Mr. Smith") candidate in the general.

New York's 18th was considered a battleground district in 2014. Maloney beat Hayworth in 2012 by a mere 3.7 percent margin of victory, and President Barack Obama won the district by only 4.3 percent. This election was also expected to be competitive because Maloney and Hayworth faced off only two years prior. Hayworth held a U.S. House seat in the 19th District from 2010-2012, and after New York's redistricting, was defeated by Maloney in the 2012 18th Congressional District election.

U.S. House, New York District 18 General Election, 2014

Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Democratic	Sean Maloney Incumbent	49.7%	88,993
	Republican	Nan Hayworth	47.8%	85,660
	Send Mr. Smith	Scott Smith	2.4%	4,294
	N/A	Write-in votes	0.1%	144
Total Votes				179,091
Source: New York State Board of Elections, NYS Board of Elections Rep. in Congress Election Returns November 4, 2014," accessed August 30, 2021

2012

See also: New York's 18th Congressional District elections, 2012

The 18th Congressional District of New York held an election for the U.S. House of Representatives on November 6, 2012. Democrat Sean Maloney won the election in the district.

U.S. House, New York District 18 General Election, 2012

Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Democratic	Sean Maloney	51.9%	143,845
	Republican	Nan Hayworth Incumbent	48%	133,049
	N/A	Write-in votes	0.1%	169
Total Votes				277,063
Source: New York State Board of Elections, "NYS Board of Elections Rep. in Congress Election Returns Nov. 6, 2012," accessed September 1, 2021

2010
On November 2, 2010, Nita Lowey won re-election to the United States House. She defeated Jim Russell (R) in the general election.

U.S. House, New York District 18 General Election, 2010
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Democratic	Nita M. Lowey incumbent	61.9%	114,810
	Republican	Jim Russell	37.7%	70,015
	N/A	Write-in votes	0.4%	761
Total Votes				185,586

2008
On November 4, 2008, Nita Lowey won re-election to the United States House. She defeated Jim Russell (R) in the general election.

U.S. House, New York District 18 General Election, 2008
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Democratic	Nita M. Lowey incumbent	68.5%	174,791
	Republican	Jim Russell	31.5%	80,498
	N/A	Write-in votes	0%	22
Total Votes				255,311

2006
On November 7, 2006, Nita Lowey won re-election to the United States House. She defeated Richard A. Hoffman (R) in the general election.

U.S. House, New York District 18 General Election, 2006
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Democratic	Nita M. Lowey incumbent	62.4%	124,256
	Republican	Richard A. Hoffman	25.8%	51,450
	N/A	Blank/Void/Scattering	11.8%	23,567
Total Votes				199,273

2004
On November 2, 2004, Nita Lowey won re-election to the United States House. She defeated Richard A. Hoffman (R) in the general election.

U.S. House, New York District 18 General Election, 2004
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Democratic	Nita M. Lowey incumbent	58.8%	170,715
	Republican	Richard A. Hoffman	25.5%	73,975
	N/A	Blank/Void/Scattering	15.7%	45,525
Total Votes				290,215

2002
On November 5, 2002, Nita Lowey won re-election to the United States House. She defeated Michael J. Reynolds (Right to Life) in the general election.

U.S. House, New York District 18 General Election, 2002
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Democratic	Nita M. Lowey incumbent	52.1%	98,957
	Right to Life	Michael J. Reynolds	4.5%	8,558
	N/A	Blank/Void/Scattering	43.4%	82,503
Total Votes				190,018

2000
On November 7, 2000, Nita Lowey won re-election to the United States House. She defeated John G. Vonglis (R) and Florence T. O'Grady (Right to Life) in the general election.

U.S. House, New York District 18 General Election, 2000
Party		Candidate	Vote %	Votes
	Democratic	Nita M. Lowey incumbent	55.6%	126,878
	Republican	John G. Vonglis	25.4%	58,022
	Right to Life	Florence T. O'Grady	1.6%	3,747
	N/A	Blank/Void/Scattering	17.3%	39,600
Total Votes				228,247

District map

The map below shows this district's current boundaries, not those adopted for the 2024 election cycle. To compare the map before redistricting with the one used for the 2024 elections, click here.

Redistricting

2020-2024

See also: Redistricting in New York after the 2020 census

On February 28, 2024, Gov. Kathy Hochul (D) signed a new congressional map into law. The state Assembly voted 115-35 to approve the map on February 27. The state Senate voted 45-18 to approve the map the same day.

According to Nicholar Fandos of The New York Times, "Although a pair of swing districts would become more Democratic, lawmakers in Albany left the partisan makeup of 24 of the state’s 26 districts largely intact. The middle-ground approach reflected a desire to avoid another protracted court fight like the one in New York that helped swing control of the House to Republicans in 2022, while still better positioning Democrats in key districts."

On December 12, 2023, the New York Court of Appeals, the state's highest court, ruled in a 4-3 decision that the independent redistricting commission did not follow the state's congressional redistricting process and ordered the commission to reconvene and re-draw congressional district boundaries by February 28 for use in the 2024 elections. The court's majority opinion stated, "In 2014, the voters of New York amended our Constitution to provide that legislative districts be drawn by an Independent Redistricting Commission (IRC). The Constitution demands that process, not districts drawn by courts. Nevertheless, the IRC failed to discharge its constitutional duty. That dereliction is undisputed. The Appellate Division concluded that the IRC can be compelled to reconvene to fulfill that duty; we agree. There is no reason the Constitution should be disregarded."

How does redistricting in New York work? On March 14, 2012, the state legislature approved a constitutional amendment to establish new redistricting procedures beginning in 2020. The New York Constitution requires that two successive legislatures approve an amendment in order to qualify it for final approval by popular vote. The legislature approved the amendment a second time in 2013. On November 4, 2014, voters approved the amendment, the provisions of which were set to take effect during the 2020 redistricting cycle.

The 10-member commission comprises the following members:

1. Two members must be appointed by the temporary president of the New York State Senate.
2. Two members must be appointed by the speaker of the New York State Assembly.
3. Two members must be appointed by the minority leader of the New York State Senate.
4. Two members must be appointed by the minority leader of the New York State Assembly.
5. Two members must appointed by the aforementioned eight commissioners. These two appointees cannot have been enrolled in the top two major political parties in the state.

The legislature must approve the commission's plans by a simple up/down vote. The legislature must reject two separate sets of redistricting plans before it will be able to amend the commission's proposals. All districts will be required "to preserve minority rights, be equally populated, and consist of compact and contiguous territory." Further, state law will require that districts "not be drawn to discourage competition or to favor/disfavor candidates or parties." In prior redistricting cycles, authority for both congressional and state legislative redistricting was vested with the state legislature. An advisory commission participated in the process.

State law requires that state legislative districts be contiguous and compact. State legislative districts must also take into account the "historic and traditional significance of counties."

Below are the congressional maps in effect before and after the 2020 redistricting cycle. The map on the right was in effect for New York’s 2024 state legislative elections. The map on the right was in effect for New York’s 2024 state legislative elections. The map on the right was in effect for New York’s 2024 state legislative elections.

New York District 18
before 2020 redistricting cycle

Click a district to compare boundaries.

New York District 18
after 2020 redistricting cycle

Click a district to compare boundaries.

2010-2011

This is the 18th Congressional District of New York after the 2001 redistricting process. The current district is displayed in the infobox at the top of the page.

See also: Redistricting in New York after the 2010 census

In 2011, the New York State Legislature re-drew the congressional districts based on updated population information from the 2010 census.

District analysis

See also: The Cook Political Report's Partisan Voter Index

See also: FiveThirtyEight's elasticity scores

2022

Heading into the 2022 elections, based on results from the 2020 and 2016 presidential elections, the Cook Partisan Voter Index for this district was D+1. This meant that in those two presidential elections, this district's results were 1 percentage points more Democratic than the national average. This made New York's 18th the 202nd most Democratic district nationally.

Daily Kos calculated what the results of the 2020 presidential election in this district would have been following redistricting. Joe Biden (D) would have received 53.4% of the vote in this district and Donald Trump (R) would have received 45.0%.

2018

Heading into the 2018 elections, based on results from the 2016 and 2012 presidential elections, the Cook Partisan Voter Index for this district was R+1. This meant that in those two presidential elections, this district's results were 1 percentage point more Republican than the national average. This made New York's 18th Congressional District the 229th most Republican nationally.

FiveThirtyEight's September 2018 elasticity score for states and congressional districts measured "how sensitive it is to changes in the national political environment." This district's elasticity score was 1.08. This means that for every 1 point the national political mood moved toward a party, the district was expected to move 1.08 points toward that party.

See also

• Redistricting in New York
• New York's 18th Congressional District election, 2024
• New York's 18th Congressional District election, 2022
• New York's 18th Congressional District election, 2020
• New York's 18th Congressional District election, 2018

External links

• GovTrack District 18

Footnotes

[show]

New York's current delegation to the United States Congress

Senators

Kirsten Gillibrand (D)

Chuck Schumer (D)

Representatives

District 1

Nicholas LaLota (R)

District 2

Andrew Garbarino (R)

District 3

Tom Suozzi (D)

District 4

Anthony D'Esposito (R)

District 5

Gregory Meeks (D)

District 6

Grace Meng (D)

District 7

Nydia Velazquez (D)

District 8

Hakeem Jeffries (D)

District 9

Yvette Clarke (D)

District 10

Daniel Goldman (D)

District 11

Nicole Malliotakis (R)

District 12

Jerrold Nadler (D)

District 13

Adriano Espaillat (D)

District 14

Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez (D)

District 15

Ritchie Torres (D)

District 16

Jamaal Bowman (D)

District 17

Michael Lawler (R)

District 18

Pat Ryan (D)

District 19

Marcus Molinaro (R)

District 20

Paul Tonko (D)

District 21

Elise Stefanik (R)

District 22

Brandon Williams (R)

District 23

Nick Langworthy (R)

District 24

Claudia Tenney (R)

District 25

Joseph Morelle (D)

District 26

Vacant

Democratic Party (17)

Republican Party (10)

Vacancies (1)