| THE WORLDWIDE VEGETABLES |
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ORDER LAMIALES
Edited by Ho Dinh Hai
Long An - Vietnam
Updated: 02/10/2015
1- Introduction to the Order Lamiales
1.1- Overview
The Lamiales are an order in the asterid group of dicotyledonous flowering plants. It includes about 24,000 species divided into about 24 families. Well-known or economically important members of this order include lavender, lilac, olive, jasmine, the ash tree, teak, snapdragon, sesame, psyllium, garden sage, and a number of table herbs such as mint, basil, and rosemary.
Many Lamiales are herbaceous or shrubby and have often quite large monosymmetric, bilabiate flowers, and about equal numbers of species have fruits with many small seeds or with about eight or fewer (but still not very big) seeds.
1.2- Characteristics
Although exceptions occur, species in this order typically have the following characteristics:
1- Superior ovary composed of two fused carpels
2- Four petals fused into a tube
3- Bilaterally symmetrical, often bilabiate corollas
4- Four (or fewer) fertile stamens
1.3- Lamiales families
The families in the order Lamiales includes 24 families:
Source: Lamiales and Lamiales families - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Lamiales are an order in the asterid group of dicotyledonous flowering plants. It includes about 24,000 species divided into about 24 families. Well-known or economically important members of this order include lavender, lilac, olive, jasmine, the ash tree, teak, snapdragon, sesame, psyllium, garden sage, and a number of table herbs such as mint, basil, and rosemary.
Many Lamiales are herbaceous or shrubby and have often quite large monosymmetric, bilabiate flowers, and about equal numbers of species have fruits with many small seeds or with about eight or fewer (but still not very big) seeds.
1.2- Characteristics
Although exceptions occur, species in this order typically have the following characteristics:
1- Superior ovary composed of two fused carpels
2- Four petals fused into a tube
3- Bilaterally symmetrical, often bilabiate corollas
4- Four (or fewer) fertile stamens
1.3- Lamiales families
The families in the order Lamiales includes 24 families:
Source: Lamiales and Lamiales families - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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1- Acanthaceae
2- Bignoniaceae 3- Byblidaceae 4- Calceolariaceae 5- Carlemanniaceae 6- Gesneriaceae 7- Lamiaceae 8- Lentibulariacea. |
9- Linderniaceae
10- Martyniaceae 11- Mazaceae 12- Oleaceae 13- Orobanchaceae 14- Paulowniaceae 15- Pedaliaceae 16- Phrymacea. |
17- Plantaginaceae
18- Plocospermataceae 19- Schlegeliaceae 20- Scrophulariaceae 21- Stilbaceae 22- Tetrachondraceae 23- Thomandersiaceae 24- Verbenacea. |
2- Families of the Order Lamiales
2.1- Family Acanthaceae
Acanthaceae is a family (the acanthus family) of dicotyledonous flowering plants containing almost 250 genera and about 2,500 species. Most are tropical herbs, shrubs, or twining vines; some are epiphytes. Only a few species are distributed in temperate regions. The four main centres of distribution are Indonesia and Malaysia, Africa, Brazil, and Central America. The representatives of the family can be found in nearly every habitat, including dense or open forests, scrublands, wet fields and valleys, sea coast and marine areas, swamps, and mangrove forests.
Source: Acanthaceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Acanthaceae is a family (the acanthus family) of dicotyledonous flowering plants containing almost 250 genera and about 2,500 species. Most are tropical herbs, shrubs, or twining vines; some are epiphytes. Only a few species are distributed in temperate regions. The four main centres of distribution are Indonesia and Malaysia, Africa, Brazil, and Central America. The representatives of the family can be found in nearly every habitat, including dense or open forests, scrublands, wet fields and valleys, sea coast and marine areas, swamps, and mangrove forests.
Source: Acanthaceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
2.2- Family Bignoniaceae
The Bignoniaceae, the bignonias, are a family of flowering plants in the order Lamiales. It is not known to which of the other families in the order it is most closely related.
Nearly all of the Bignoniaceae are woody plants, but a few are subwoody, either as vines or subshrubs. A few more are herbaceous plants of high-elevation montane habitats, in three exclusively herbaceous genera: Tourrettia, Argylia, and Incarvillea. The family includes many lianas, climbing by tendrils, by twining, or rarely, by aerial roots. The largest tribe in the family, called Bignonieae, consists mostly of lianas and is noted for its unique wood anatomy.
According to different accounts, the number of species in the family is about 810 or about 860.
Source: Bignoniaceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
2.3- The family Byblidaceae
The Byblidaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Lamiales. The family has only one genus Byblis. Byblis is the sole genus in the family Byblidaceae.
Byblis is a small genus of carnivorous plants, sometimes termed the rainbow plants for the attractive appearance of their mucilage-covered leaves in bright sunshine. Native to western Australia, it is the only genus in the family Byblidaceae. The first species in the genus was described by the English botanist Richard Anthony Salisbury in 1808. Eight species are now recognized.
Source: Byblidaceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
The Bignoniaceae, the bignonias, are a family of flowering plants in the order Lamiales. It is not known to which of the other families in the order it is most closely related.
Nearly all of the Bignoniaceae are woody plants, but a few are subwoody, either as vines or subshrubs. A few more are herbaceous plants of high-elevation montane habitats, in three exclusively herbaceous genera: Tourrettia, Argylia, and Incarvillea. The family includes many lianas, climbing by tendrils, by twining, or rarely, by aerial roots. The largest tribe in the family, called Bignonieae, consists mostly of lianas and is noted for its unique wood anatomy.
According to different accounts, the number of species in the family is about 810 or about 860.
Source: Bignoniaceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
2.3- The family Byblidaceae
The Byblidaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Lamiales. The family has only one genus Byblis. Byblis is the sole genus in the family Byblidaceae.
Byblis is a small genus of carnivorous plants, sometimes termed the rainbow plants for the attractive appearance of their mucilage-covered leaves in bright sunshine. Native to western Australia, it is the only genus in the family Byblidaceae. The first species in the genus was described by the English botanist Richard Anthony Salisbury in 1808. Eight species are now recognized.
Source: Byblidaceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
2.4- The family Calceolariaceae
Calceolariaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Lamiales that has been recently segregated from Scrophulariaceae. The family includes three genera, Calceolaria, Porodittia, and Jovellana, but analysis suggests that the monotypic Porodittia should be placed within Calceolaria. Recent molecular phylogenies that included Calceolaria have shown not only that this genus does not belong in Scrophulariaceae (or any of the numerous families recently segregated from Scrophulariaceae) but also that it is the sister clade to the majority of the other families of the Lamiales. Morphological and chemical characters also support the separation of Calceolariaceae from Scrophulariaceae and other Lamiales. Some recent studies have supported a sister-group relationship between Calceolariaceae and Gesneriaceae.
Source: Calceolariaceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
2.5- Family Carlemanniaceae
The Carlemanniaceae are a tropical East Asian and Southeast Asian family of subshrub to herbaceous perennial flowering plants with 2 genera. Older systems of plant taxonomy place the two genera, Carlemannia, and Silvianthus within the Caprifoliaceae or the Rubiaceae. The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification of 2003 places the group in the Lamiales, as a plant family more closely related to the Oleaceae than to the Caprifoliaceae.
Source: Carlemanniaceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
2.6- Faily Gesneriaceae
Gesneriaceae is a family of a family of flowering plants in the order Lamiales. The family consists of about 150 genera and 3,200 species in the Old World and New World tropics and subtropics, with a very small number extending to temperate areas. Many species have colorful and showy flowers and are cultivated as ornamental plants.
Most species are perennial herbs or subshrubs but a few are woody shrubs or small trees. The phyllotaxy is usually opposite and decussate, but leaves have a spiral or alternate arrangement in some groups.
The family name is based on the genus Gesneria, which honors Swiss humanist Conrad Gessner.
Source: Gesneriaceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Calceolariaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Lamiales that has been recently segregated from Scrophulariaceae. The family includes three genera, Calceolaria, Porodittia, and Jovellana, but analysis suggests that the monotypic Porodittia should be placed within Calceolaria. Recent molecular phylogenies that included Calceolaria have shown not only that this genus does not belong in Scrophulariaceae (or any of the numerous families recently segregated from Scrophulariaceae) but also that it is the sister clade to the majority of the other families of the Lamiales. Morphological and chemical characters also support the separation of Calceolariaceae from Scrophulariaceae and other Lamiales. Some recent studies have supported a sister-group relationship between Calceolariaceae and Gesneriaceae.
Source: Calceolariaceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
2.5- Family Carlemanniaceae
The Carlemanniaceae are a tropical East Asian and Southeast Asian family of subshrub to herbaceous perennial flowering plants with 2 genera. Older systems of plant taxonomy place the two genera, Carlemannia, and Silvianthus within the Caprifoliaceae or the Rubiaceae. The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification of 2003 places the group in the Lamiales, as a plant family more closely related to the Oleaceae than to the Caprifoliaceae.
Source: Carlemanniaceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
2.6- Faily Gesneriaceae
Gesneriaceae is a family of a family of flowering plants in the order Lamiales. The family consists of about 150 genera and 3,200 species in the Old World and New World tropics and subtropics, with a very small number extending to temperate areas. Many species have colorful and showy flowers and are cultivated as ornamental plants.
Most species are perennial herbs or subshrubs but a few are woody shrubs or small trees. The phyllotaxy is usually opposite and decussate, but leaves have a spiral or alternate arrangement in some groups.
The family name is based on the genus Gesneria, which honors Swiss humanist Conrad Gessner.
Source: Gesneriaceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
2.7- Family Lamiaceae
The Lamiaceae or Labiatae (the mint or deadnettle family) are a family of flowering plants. They have traditionally been considered closely related to Verbenaceae, but in the 1990s, phylogenetic studies suggested that many genera classified in Verbenaceae belong instead in Lamiaceae. The currently accepted version of Verbenaceae may not be more closely related to Lamiaceae than some of the other families in the order Lamiales. It is not yet known which of the families in Lamiales is closest to Lamiaceae.
The family has a cosmopolitan distribution. The enlarged Lamiaceae contains about 236 genera and has been stated to contain 6,900 to 7,200 species, but the World Checklist lists 7,534. The largest genera are Salvia (900), Scutellaria (360), Stachys (300), Plectranthus (300), Hyptis (280), Teucrium (250), Vitex (250), Thymus (220), and Nepeta (200). Clerodendrum was once a genus of over 400 species, but by 2010, it had been narrowed to about 150.
The plants are frequently aromatic in all parts and include many widely used culinary herbs, such as basil, mint, rosemary, sage, savory, marjoram, oregano, hyssop, thyme, lavender, and perilla. Some are shrubs, trees (such as teak), or, rarely, vines. Many members of the family are widely cultivated, owing not only to their aromatic qualities but also their ease of cultivation: these plants are among the easiest plants to propagate by stem cuttings. Besides those grown for their edible leaves, some are grown for decorative foliage, such as coleus. Others are grown for seed, such as Salvia hispanica (chia), or for their edible tubers, such as Plectranthus edulis, Plectranthus esculentus, Plectranthus rotundifolius, and Stachys affinis (chinese artichoke).
The original family name is Labiatae, so given because the flowers typically have petals fused into an upper lip and a lower lip (labia in Latin). The flowers are bilaterally symmetrical with 5 united petals, 5 united sepals. They are usually bisexual and verticillastrate (a flower cluster that looks like a whorl of flowers but actually consists of two crowded clusters). Although this is still considered an acceptable alternative name, most botanists now use the name "Lamiaceae" in referring to this family. The leaves emerge oppositely, each pair at right angles to the previous one (called decussate) or whorled. The stems are frequently square in cross section, but this is not found in all members of the family, and is sometimes found in other plant families.
Source: Lamiaceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
The Lamiaceae or Labiatae (the mint or deadnettle family) are a family of flowering plants. They have traditionally been considered closely related to Verbenaceae, but in the 1990s, phylogenetic studies suggested that many genera classified in Verbenaceae belong instead in Lamiaceae. The currently accepted version of Verbenaceae may not be more closely related to Lamiaceae than some of the other families in the order Lamiales. It is not yet known which of the families in Lamiales is closest to Lamiaceae.
The family has a cosmopolitan distribution. The enlarged Lamiaceae contains about 236 genera and has been stated to contain 6,900 to 7,200 species, but the World Checklist lists 7,534. The largest genera are Salvia (900), Scutellaria (360), Stachys (300), Plectranthus (300), Hyptis (280), Teucrium (250), Vitex (250), Thymus (220), and Nepeta (200). Clerodendrum was once a genus of over 400 species, but by 2010, it had been narrowed to about 150.
The plants are frequently aromatic in all parts and include many widely used culinary herbs, such as basil, mint, rosemary, sage, savory, marjoram, oregano, hyssop, thyme, lavender, and perilla. Some are shrubs, trees (such as teak), or, rarely, vines. Many members of the family are widely cultivated, owing not only to their aromatic qualities but also their ease of cultivation: these plants are among the easiest plants to propagate by stem cuttings. Besides those grown for their edible leaves, some are grown for decorative foliage, such as coleus. Others are grown for seed, such as Salvia hispanica (chia), or for their edible tubers, such as Plectranthus edulis, Plectranthus esculentus, Plectranthus rotundifolius, and Stachys affinis (chinese artichoke).
The original family name is Labiatae, so given because the flowers typically have petals fused into an upper lip and a lower lip (labia in Latin). The flowers are bilaterally symmetrical with 5 united petals, 5 united sepals. They are usually bisexual and verticillastrate (a flower cluster that looks like a whorl of flowers but actually consists of two crowded clusters). Although this is still considered an acceptable alternative name, most botanists now use the name "Lamiaceae" in referring to this family. The leaves emerge oppositely, each pair at right angles to the previous one (called decussate) or whorled. The stems are frequently square in cross section, but this is not found in all members of the family, and is sometimes found in other plant families.
Source: Lamiaceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
2.8- Lentibulariaceae
Lentibulariaceae, the bladderwort family, is a family of carnivorous plants containing three genera: Genlisea, the corkscrew plants; Pinguicula, the butterworts; and Utricularia, the bladderworts.
The genera Polypompholyx (two species of pink petticoats or fairy aprons) and Biovularia used to be regarded as fourth and fifth members of this family. Biovularia has been subsumed into Utricularia, and Polypompholyx has been relegated to a subgenus of Utricularia. Placement of the family used to be in the Scrophulariales, which has been merged with Lamiales in the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group system.
Source: Lentibulariaceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
2.9- Family Linderniaceae
Linderniaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Lamiales, which consists of about 13 genera and 195 species from worldwide, mainly in neotropics.
In other classifications it used to be included within family Scrophulariaceae sensu lato or more recently in Plantaginaceae sensu lato, but several authors have demonstrated that this taxon should be segregated from those families, as Linderniaceae, and it has been recognized by LAPG II and APG III.
Source: Linderniaceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Lentibulariaceae, the bladderwort family, is a family of carnivorous plants containing three genera: Genlisea, the corkscrew plants; Pinguicula, the butterworts; and Utricularia, the bladderworts.
The genera Polypompholyx (two species of pink petticoats or fairy aprons) and Biovularia used to be regarded as fourth and fifth members of this family. Biovularia has been subsumed into Utricularia, and Polypompholyx has been relegated to a subgenus of Utricularia. Placement of the family used to be in the Scrophulariales, which has been merged with Lamiales in the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group system.
Source: Lentibulariaceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
2.9- Family Linderniaceae
Linderniaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Lamiales, which consists of about 13 genera and 195 species from worldwide, mainly in neotropics.
In other classifications it used to be included within family Scrophulariaceae sensu lato or more recently in Plantaginaceae sensu lato, but several authors have demonstrated that this taxon should be segregated from those families, as Linderniaceae, and it has been recognized by LAPG II and APG III.
Source: Linderniaceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
2.10- Family Martyniaceae
Martyniaceae is a family of flowering plants in the Lamiales order that are restricted to the New World. The family was included in Pedaliaceae in the Cronquist system (under order Scrophulariales) but is recognized as a separate family by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group on the basis of phylogenetic studies that show that the two families are not closely related. Both families are characterized by having mucilaginous hairs - which give the stems and leaves a slimy or clammy feel - and fruits with hooks or horns. Some members of the genus Proboscidea are known as "unicorn plant" or "devil's claw" because of their horned seed capsules.
Genera
Craniolaria
Holoregmia
Ibicella
Martynia
Proboscidea
Source: Martyniaceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
2.11- Family Mazaceae
Mazaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Lamiales. The family has only one genus Mazus. Mazus is the sole genus in the family Plocospermataceae.
Mazus is a genus of low-growing perennial plants. It has been placed in various plant families including Phrymaceae, Scrophulariaceae, and recently in its own family Mazaceae. Consisting of around 30 species, this genus is generally found in damp habitats in lowland or mountain regions of China, Japan, Southeast Asia, Australia and New Zealand.
Source: Mazaceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Martyniaceae is a family of flowering plants in the Lamiales order that are restricted to the New World. The family was included in Pedaliaceae in the Cronquist system (under order Scrophulariales) but is recognized as a separate family by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group on the basis of phylogenetic studies that show that the two families are not closely related. Both families are characterized by having mucilaginous hairs - which give the stems and leaves a slimy or clammy feel - and fruits with hooks or horns. Some members of the genus Proboscidea are known as "unicorn plant" or "devil's claw" because of their horned seed capsules.
Genera
Craniolaria
Holoregmia
Ibicella
Martynia
Proboscidea
Source: Martyniaceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
2.11- Family Mazaceae
Mazaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Lamiales. The family has only one genus Mazus. Mazus is the sole genus in the family Plocospermataceae.
Mazus is a genus of low-growing perennial plants. It has been placed in various plant families including Phrymaceae, Scrophulariaceae, and recently in its own family Mazaceae. Consisting of around 30 species, this genus is generally found in damp habitats in lowland or mountain regions of China, Japan, Southeast Asia, Australia and New Zealand.
Source: Mazaceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
2.12- Family Oleaceae
Oleaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Lamiales. It presently comprises 26 genera, one of which is recently extinct. The 25 extant genera include Cartrema, which was resurrected in 2012. The number of species in Oleaceae is variously estimated in a wide range around 700. Oleaceae consists of shrubs, trees, and a few lianas. The flowers are often numerous and highly odoriferous. The family has a sub-cosmopolitan distribution, ranging from the subarctic to the southernmost parts of Africa, Australia, and South America. Notable members of Oleaceae include olive, ash, jasmine, and several popular ornamentals including privet, forsythia, fringtrees, and lilac.
Source: Oleaceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
2.13- Family Orobanchaceae
Orobanchaceae, the broomrapes, is a family of flowering plants of the order Lamiales, with about 90 genera and more than 2000 species. Many of these genera were formerly included in the family Scrophulariaceae sensu lato. Together they are a monophyletic group, forming a distinct family.
This is a cosmopolitan family, found mainly in temperate Eurasia, North America, South America, parts of Australia, New Zealand, and tropical Africa.
The Orobanchaceae are annual herbs or perennial herbs or shrubs, and all (except Lindenbergia and Rehmannia) are parasitic on the roots of other plants - either holoparasitic or hemiparasitic (fully or partly parasitic).
The fruit is a dehiscent, non-fleshy, 1-locular capsule with many very minute endospermic seeds.
Source: Orobanchaceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Oleaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Lamiales. It presently comprises 26 genera, one of which is recently extinct. The 25 extant genera include Cartrema, which was resurrected in 2012. The number of species in Oleaceae is variously estimated in a wide range around 700. Oleaceae consists of shrubs, trees, and a few lianas. The flowers are often numerous and highly odoriferous. The family has a sub-cosmopolitan distribution, ranging from the subarctic to the southernmost parts of Africa, Australia, and South America. Notable members of Oleaceae include olive, ash, jasmine, and several popular ornamentals including privet, forsythia, fringtrees, and lilac.
Source: Oleaceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
2.13- Family Orobanchaceae
Orobanchaceae, the broomrapes, is a family of flowering plants of the order Lamiales, with about 90 genera and more than 2000 species. Many of these genera were formerly included in the family Scrophulariaceae sensu lato. Together they are a monophyletic group, forming a distinct family.
This is a cosmopolitan family, found mainly in temperate Eurasia, North America, South America, parts of Australia, New Zealand, and tropical Africa.
The Orobanchaceae are annual herbs or perennial herbs or shrubs, and all (except Lindenbergia and Rehmannia) are parasitic on the roots of other plants - either holoparasitic or hemiparasitic (fully or partly parasitic).
The fruit is a dehiscent, non-fleshy, 1-locular capsule with many very minute endospermic seeds.
Source: Orobanchaceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
2.14- Family Paulowniaceae
Paulowniceae is a family of flowering plants.
Genera
As of August 2013, The Plant List accepted three genera in the family:
Brandisia
Paulownia
Wightia
Source: Paulowniaceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
2.15- Family Pedaliaceae
Pedaliaceae (pedalium family or sesame family) is a flowering plant family classified in the order Scrophulariales in the Cronquist system and Lamiales in the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group system. Cronquist included the family Martyniaceae in Pedaliaceae, but phylogenetic studies have shown that the two families are not closely related and they are maintained as separate by the APG. Both families are characterized by having mucilaginous hairs, which often give the stems and leaves a slimy or clammy feel, and often have fruits with hooks or horns.
Sesame (Sesamum indicum) is the source of sesame seeds.
Source: Pedaliaceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Paulowniceae is a family of flowering plants.
Genera
As of August 2013, The Plant List accepted three genera in the family:
Brandisia
Paulownia
Wightia
Source: Paulowniaceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
2.15- Family Pedaliaceae
Pedaliaceae (pedalium family or sesame family) is a flowering plant family classified in the order Scrophulariales in the Cronquist system and Lamiales in the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group system. Cronquist included the family Martyniaceae in Pedaliaceae, but phylogenetic studies have shown that the two families are not closely related and they are maintained as separate by the APG. Both families are characterized by having mucilaginous hairs, which often give the stems and leaves a slimy or clammy feel, and often have fruits with hooks or horns.
Sesame (Sesamum indicum) is the source of sesame seeds.
Source: Pedaliaceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
2.16- Family Phrymaceae
Phrymaceae, also known as the lopseed family, is a small family of flowering plants in the order Lamiales. It has a nearly cosmopolitan distribution, but is concentrated in two centers of diversity, one in Australia, the other in western North America. Members of this family occur in diverse habitats, including deserts, river banks and mountains.
Phrymaceae is a family of mostly herbs and a few subshrubs, bearing tubular, bilaterally symmetric flowers. They can be annuals or perennials.
As currently understood, Phrymaceae consists of about 210 species in 13 genera. Erythranthe (111 species) and Diplacus (46 species) are much larger than the other genera. Phrymaceae is distributed nearly worldwide but with the majority of species in western North America (about 130 species) and Australia (about 30 species). About 16 species are in cultivation.
In 2012, a revision of Phrymaceae recognized 188 species in the family, but noted that 17 species from Australia and five from North America would be named and described in future publications. Ten of those unnamed species will be in Peplidium, raising the number of species in that genus from four to 14.
Source: Phrymaceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
2.17- Family Plantaginaceae
Plantaginaceae, the plantain family, is a family of flowering plants in the order Lamiales. The type genus is Plantago L..
In older classifications it used to be the only family of the order Plantaginales, but numerous phylogenetic studies, summarized by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, have demonstrated that this taxon should be included within Lamiales.
Source: Plantaginaceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Phrymaceae, also known as the lopseed family, is a small family of flowering plants in the order Lamiales. It has a nearly cosmopolitan distribution, but is concentrated in two centers of diversity, one in Australia, the other in western North America. Members of this family occur in diverse habitats, including deserts, river banks and mountains.
Phrymaceae is a family of mostly herbs and a few subshrubs, bearing tubular, bilaterally symmetric flowers. They can be annuals or perennials.
As currently understood, Phrymaceae consists of about 210 species in 13 genera. Erythranthe (111 species) and Diplacus (46 species) are much larger than the other genera. Phrymaceae is distributed nearly worldwide but with the majority of species in western North America (about 130 species) and Australia (about 30 species). About 16 species are in cultivation.
In 2012, a revision of Phrymaceae recognized 188 species in the family, but noted that 17 species from Australia and five from North America would be named and described in future publications. Ten of those unnamed species will be in Peplidium, raising the number of species in that genus from four to 14.
Source: Phrymaceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
2.17- Family Plantaginaceae
Plantaginaceae, the plantain family, is a family of flowering plants in the order Lamiales. The type genus is Plantago L..
In older classifications it used to be the only family of the order Plantaginales, but numerous phylogenetic studies, summarized by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, have demonstrated that this taxon should be included within Lamiales.
Source: Plantaginaceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
2.18- Family Plocospermataceae
Plocospermataceae is a family of flowering plants. The family has only one genus Plocosperma.
Plocosperma is the sole genus in the family Plocospermataceae.
Source: Plocospermataceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
2.19- Family Schlegeliaceae
Schlegeliaceae is a family of plants native to tropical America. This family is sometimes included in Scrophulariaceae.
Source: Schlegeliaceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
2.20- Family Scrophulariaceae
The Scrophulariaceae, the figwort family, are a family of flowering plants. The plants are annual and perennial herbs, as well as one genus of shrubs. Flowers have bilateral (zygomorphic) or rarely radial (actinomorphic) symmetry.
Members of the Scrophulariaceae have a cosmopolitan distribution, with the majority found in temperate areas, including tropical mountains. The family name is based on the name of the included genus Scrophularia L..
Source: Scrophulariaceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Plocospermataceae is a family of flowering plants. The family has only one genus Plocosperma.
Plocosperma is the sole genus in the family Plocospermataceae.
Source: Plocospermataceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
2.19- Family Schlegeliaceae
Schlegeliaceae is a family of plants native to tropical America. This family is sometimes included in Scrophulariaceae.
Source: Schlegeliaceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
2.20- Family Scrophulariaceae
The Scrophulariaceae, the figwort family, are a family of flowering plants. The plants are annual and perennial herbs, as well as one genus of shrubs. Flowers have bilateral (zygomorphic) or rarely radial (actinomorphic) symmetry.
Members of the Scrophulariaceae have a cosmopolitan distribution, with the majority found in temperate areas, including tropical mountains. The family name is based on the name of the included genus Scrophularia L..
Source: Scrophulariaceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
2.21- Family Stilbaceae
Stilbaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Lamiales.
Genera include:
Anastrabe E. Mey. ex Benth.
Bowkeria Harv.
Campylostachys Kunth
Charadrophila Marloth
Euthystachys A. DC.
Halleria L.
Ixianthes Benth.
Kogelbergia Rourke
Nuxia Comm. ex Lam.
Retzia Thunb.
Stilbe P. J. Bergius
Thesmophora Rourke
Source: Stilbaceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
2.22- Family Tetrachondraceae
Tetrachondraceae is a flowering plant family in the order Lamiales. The family contains the two genera Polypremum and Tetrachondra which together comprise the three species:
Polypremum procumbens L. (1753) - juniper leaf or rustweed
Tetrachondra hamiltonii Petrie ex Oliv. (1892)
Tetrachondra patagonica Skottsb. (1912)
Source: Tetrachondraceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Stilbaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Lamiales.
Genera include:
Anastrabe E. Mey. ex Benth.
Bowkeria Harv.
Campylostachys Kunth
Charadrophila Marloth
Euthystachys A. DC.
Halleria L.
Ixianthes Benth.
Kogelbergia Rourke
Nuxia Comm. ex Lam.
Retzia Thunb.
Stilbe P. J. Bergius
Thesmophora Rourke
Source: Stilbaceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
2.22- Family Tetrachondraceae
Tetrachondraceae is a flowering plant family in the order Lamiales. The family contains the two genera Polypremum and Tetrachondra which together comprise the three species:
Polypremum procumbens L. (1753) - juniper leaf or rustweed
Tetrachondra hamiltonii Petrie ex Oliv. (1892)
Tetrachondra patagonica Skottsb. (1912)
Source: Tetrachondraceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
2.23- Family Thomandersiaceae
Thomandersiaceae is a flowering plant family in the order Lamiales. The family contains the the sole genus Thomandersia.
Thomandersia is the sole genus in the Thomandersiaceae, an African family of flowering plants. Thomandersia is a genus of shrubs and small trees, with six species native to Central and West Africa.
Source: Thomandersiaceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
2.24- Family Verbenaceae
The Verbenaceae is a family, commonly known as the verbena family or vervain family, of mainly tropical flowering plants. It contains trees, shrubs, and herbs notable for heads, spikes, or clusters of small flowers, many of which have an aromatic smell.
Recent phylogenetic studies have shown that numerous genera traditionally classified in Verbenaceae belong instead in Lamiaceae. The new narrowly circumscribed Verbenaceae family includes some 35 genera and 1,200 species. The mangrove genus Avicennia, sometimes placed in the Verbenaceae or in its own family, Avicenniaceae, has rather confidently been placed in the Acanthaceae.
Economically important Verbenaceae include:
Lemon verbena (Aloysia triphylla), grown for aroma or flavoring.
Verbenas or vervains (Verbena), some used in herbalism, others grown in gardens.
Source: Verbenaceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Thomandersiaceae is a flowering plant family in the order Lamiales. The family contains the the sole genus Thomandersia.
Thomandersia is the sole genus in the Thomandersiaceae, an African family of flowering plants. Thomandersia is a genus of shrubs and small trees, with six species native to Central and West Africa.
Source: Thomandersiaceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
2.24- Family Verbenaceae
The Verbenaceae is a family, commonly known as the verbena family or vervain family, of mainly tropical flowering plants. It contains trees, shrubs, and herbs notable for heads, spikes, or clusters of small flowers, many of which have an aromatic smell.
Recent phylogenetic studies have shown that numerous genera traditionally classified in Verbenaceae belong instead in Lamiaceae. The new narrowly circumscribed Verbenaceae family includes some 35 genera and 1,200 species. The mangrove genus Avicennia, sometimes placed in the Verbenaceae or in its own family, Avicenniaceae, has rather confidently been placed in the Acanthaceae.
Economically important Verbenaceae include:
Lemon verbena (Aloysia triphylla), grown for aroma or flavoring.
Verbenas or vervains (Verbena), some used in herbalism, others grown in gardens.
Source: Verbenaceae - From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Edited by Ho Dinh Hai
Long An - Vietnam
References
1- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lamiales
2- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Lamiales_families
3- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acanthaceae
4- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bignoniaceae
5- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byblis_plant
6- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calceolariaceae
7- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlemanniaceae
8- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gesneriaceae
9- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lamiaceae
10- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lentibulariaceae
11- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linderniaceae
12- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martyniaceae
13- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mazus
14- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oleaceae
15- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orobanchaceae
16- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paulowniaceae
17- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedaliaceae
18- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phrymaceae
19- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plantaginaceae
20- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plocosperma
21- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schlegeliaceae
22- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scrophulariaceae
23- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stilbaceae
24- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetrachondraceae
25- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomandersia
26- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verbenaceae.
Long An - Vietnam
References
1- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lamiales
2- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Lamiales_families
3- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acanthaceae
4- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bignoniaceae
5- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byblis_plant
6- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calceolariaceae
7- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlemanniaceae
8- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gesneriaceae
9- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lamiaceae
10- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lentibulariaceae
11- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linderniaceae
12- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martyniaceae
13- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mazus
14- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oleaceae
15- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orobanchaceae
16- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paulowniaceae
17- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedaliaceae
18- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phrymaceae
19- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plantaginaceae
20- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plocosperma
21- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schlegeliaceae
22- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scrophulariaceae
23- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stilbaceae
24- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetrachondraceae
25- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomandersia
26- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verbenaceae.
See Video about: Family Lamiaceae
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