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Susan Collins (Maine)

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Susan Collins
Image of Susan Collins

Republican Party

U.S. Senate Maine
Tenure

1997 - Present

Term ends

2027

Years in position

27

Compensation

Base salary

$174,000

Net worth

(2012) $2,874,078

Elections and appointments
Last elected

November 3, 2020

Education

High school

Caribou High School

Bachelor's

St. Lawrence University

Personal
Religion
Christian: Catholic
Contact

Official website

Official Facebook

Official Twitter

Official Instagram

Official YouTube

Campaign website

Campaign Facebook

Campaign Twitter

Campaign Instagram

Campaign YouTube

Susan Collins (Republican Party) is a member of the U.S. Senate from Maine. She assumed office on January 3, 1997. Her current term ends on January 3, 2027.

Collins (Republican Party) ran for re-election to the U.S. Senate to represent Maine. She won in the general election on November 3, 2020.

Collins' yes vote was needed in order to nominate Brett Kavanaugh to the U.S. Supreme Court in 2018, making her a key player in the nomination process. Her vote also played a key role in the ACA repeal and replace effort; Collins, John McCain (R-Ariz.), and Lisa Murkowski (R-Alaska) all voted with Democrats against the American Health Care Act of 2017, meaning the bill did not pass.

Prior to her election to the Senate, Collins served as Deputy State Treasurer of Massachusetts.[1]


Career

Below is an abbreviated outline of Collins' professional and political career:[1]

  • 1997-Present: U.S. Senator from Maine
  • 1993: Deputy State Treasurer of the State of Massachusetts
  • 1992: New England Regional Director, United States Small Business Administration
  • 1987-1992: Commissioner of the Maine Department of Professional and Financial Regulation
  • 1981-1987: Staff Director of the Senate Governmental Affairs Subcommittee on the Oversight of Government Management

Committee assignments

U.S. Senate

2023-2024

Collins was assigned to the following committees:[Source]

2021-2022

Collins was assigned to the following committees:[Source]

2019-2020

Collins was assigned to the following committees:[Source]

2017-2018

At the beginning of the 115th Congress, Collins was assigned to the following committees:[2]

2015-2016

Collins served on the following Senate committees:[3]

2013-2014

Collins served on the following Senate committees:[4][5]

  • Appropriations Committee
    • Subcommittee on Transportation and Housing and Urban Development, and Related Agencies
    • Subcommittee on Military Construction and Veterans Affairs, and Related Agencies
    • Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development
    • Subcommittee on Department of Defense
    • Subcommittee on Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies
    • Subcommittee on Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies
  • Select Committee on Intelligence
  • Special Committee on Aging, Ranking Member

2011-2012

Collins served on the following Senate committees:[6]

Key votes

See also: Key votes

Ballotpedia monitors legislation that receives a vote and highlights the ones that we consider to be key to understanding where elected officials stand on the issues. To read more about how we identify key votes, click here.

Key votes: 118th Congress, 2023

The 118th United States Congress began on January 3, 2023, at which point Republicans held the majority in the U.S. House of Representatives (222-212), and Democrats held the majority in the U.S. Senate (51-49). Joe Biden (D) was the president and Kamala Harris (D) was the vice president. We identified the key votes below using Congress' top-viewed bills list and through marquee coverage of certain votes on Ballotpedia.

Key votes: 118th Congress, 2023
Vote Bill and description Status
Yes check.svg Yea Yes check.svg Passed (87-13)
Yes check.svg Yea Yes check.svg Passed (87-11)
Yes check.svg Yea Yes check.svg Passed (88-9)
Yes check.svg Yea Yes check.svg Passed (63-36)
Yes check.svg Yea Yes check.svg Passed (68-23)
Yes check.svg Yea Red x.svg Failed (50-49)
Yes check.svg Yea Yes check.svg Passed (50-46)


Key votes: Previous sessions of Congress

Elections

2020

See also: United States Senate election in Maine, 2020

United States Senate election in Maine, 2020 (July 14 Democratic primary)

United States Senate election in Maine, 2020 (July 14 Republican primary)

General election

General election for U.S. Senate Maine

The ranked-choice voting election was won by Susan Collins in round 1 .

Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source

Total votes: 819,183
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.

Watch the Candidate Conversation for this race!

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Democratic primary election

Democratic Primary for U.S. Senate Maine

The following candidates advanced in the ranked-choice voting election: Sara Gideon in round 1 .

There were no incumbents in this race. The results have been certified. Source

Total votes: 162,681
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.

Watch the Candidate Conversation for this race!

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates

Republican primary election

Republican Primary for U.S. Senate Maine

The following candidates advanced in the ranked-choice voting election: Susan Collins in round 1 .

Incumbents are bolded and underlined. The results have been certified. Source

Total votes: 88,448
Candidate Connection = candidate completed the Ballotpedia Candidate Connection survey.

Withdrawn or disqualified candidates


2014

See also: United States Senate elections in Maine, 2014

Collins sought election to a fourth term as U.S. Senator to Maine in 2014.[107] She ran unopposed in the Republican primary on June 10, 2014. Susan Collins (Maine) won the general election on November 4, 2014.

U.S. Senate, Maine General Election, 2014
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngSusan Collins Incumbent 67% 413,505
     Democratic Shenna Bellows 30.8% 190,254
     Other Other 0% 269
     Blank None 2.1% 12,968
Total Votes 616,996
Source: Maine Secretary of State Official Results

2008

On November 4, 2008, Susan Collins won re-election to the United States Senate. She defeated Thomas H. Allen (D) in the general election.[108]

U.S. Senate, Maine General Election, 2008
Party Candidate Vote % Votes
     Republican Green check mark transparent.pngSusan Collins incumbent 61.3% 444,300
     Democratic Thomas H. Allen 38.6% 279,510
     N/A Other 0.1% 620
Total Votes 724,430

Full history


Campaign themes

2020

Ballotpedia survey responses

See also: Ballotpedia's Candidate Connection

Susan Collins did not complete Ballotpedia's 2020 Candidate Connection survey.

Campaign website

Collins' campaign website stated the following:

“
  • Defense and National Security
As a member of the Senate Appropriations Committee and the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence, Senator Collins holds a key position in Congress and has the important responsibility of overseeing and shaping national security issues of importance to both Maine and the United States. Senator Collins has fought for, and secured, provisions in annual defense authorization and funding bills that support work at Bath Iron Works, Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, the University of Maine, Saco Defense, Pratt & Whitney, and other companies important to the Maine economy.
  • Veterans

Today, nearly 22 million Americans hold the distinguished title of Veteran, and more than 127,000 of those individuals live in our great State of Maine. As the daughter of a World War II Purple Heart recipient, Senator Collins learned first-hand of the sacrifice that these heroes and their families make to advance the cause of freedom. Fighting on behalf of our nation’s Veterans, Senator Collins has worked to support the needs of Veterans nationwide by protecting access to rural health care, holding the Department of Veterans Affairs accountable in the wake of scandal, and expediting the process for disabled veterans to get the services they need.

  • Education
Senator Collins has a strong record of supporting education at all levels, including promoting early childhood education; improving our public school system for kindergarten through 12th grade; and working to increase the affordability of higher education. As a member of the Senate Appropriations and the Senate Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions Committees, Senator Collins will continue to work to ensure that Congress provides robust funding and targeted legislation for the most effective educational programs aimed at helping teachers and students.
Senator Collins has made engaging with Maine’s students and faculty a top priority, visiting nearly 200 schools during her time as a Senator.
  • Energy and Environment
From tourism and recreation, to working forests, and fishing and agricultural industries, there is no doubt that Maine’s economy is inextricably linked to the environment. Maine’s greatest treasure is its natural beauty, and Senator Collins remains committed to advancing reasonable and effective policies in the U.S. Senate to protect the environment.
Throughout her time in the U.S. Senate, Senator Collins has worked to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, spur the creation of green energy jobs, and reduce our dangerous dependence on foreign oil – while retaining important American manufacturing jobs. High costs of energy are burdensome to Maine families, truck drivers, farmers, fishermen, schools, small businesses, mills, and factories. Nearly 80 percent of the homes in our state rely on heating oil, leaving Maine families extremely vulnerable to high crude oil prices.
  • Health Care
There is no question that our nation’s health care system requires substantial reform. The status quo of soaring health care costs, struggling families, and health care provider shortages across Maine and the nation is unacceptable. Senator Collins frequently works with her colleagues on both sides of the aisle to address these and other important issues facing our nation such as improved mental health care, drug treatment programs, supporting America’s caregivers, and nutrition programs.
As a native to northern Maine, Senator Collins understands the specific challenges that rural communities face for medical care. Throughout her time in the Senate, Senator Collins has consistently supported programs to expand access to and improve the health care system, particularly for citizens living in rural areas.
As a freshman legislator, Senator Collins founded the Senate Diabetes Caucus and has since led the effort to more than triple federal funding for diabetes research.
  • Senior Issues
As the Chairman of the Senate Special Committee on Aging, Senator Collins’ priorities include retirement security, highlighting the importance of biomedical research on diseases like Alzheimer’s and diabetes, and scams targeting seniors.
As the Senate Co-Chair of the Congressional Alzheimer’s Task Force, the Senator is particularly committed to putting an end to Alzheimer’s disease, which has had such a devastating effect on 5.2 million Americans and their families.
  • Homeland Security
As the former Chairman and Ranking Member of the Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee, Senator Collins has championed efforts to enhance the ability and preparedness of first responders, worked to address the issue of homegrown terrorism, and sounded the alarm on the vital importance of enhancing our nation’s cybersecurity. Throughout her time in the Senate, Senator Collins has worked on legislation and conducted federal investigations to ensure accountability over that the bookkeeping and oversight that resulted in improper payments across the federal government.
  • Transportation
Senator Collins recognizes the importance of restoring and improving our nation’s crumbling roads, bridges, and other critical infrastructure. As the Chairman of the Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Transportation and Housing and Urban Development, Senator Collins has the unique ability to help establish our nation’s transportation priorities, while working to help ensure that Maine’s needs are addressed. She has provided strong funding for transportation projects nationwide and represented a thoughtful approach to infrastructure investment. Senator Collins has also long been a leader in efforts to end runaway and youth homelessness.
  • Jobs and the Economy
Mainers are resilient. Along with the rest of the country, however, too many Mainers continue to struggle in this tough economy. Senator Collins believes that putting people back to work is the key to improving our economic recovery and should remain our number one goal. With this goal in mind, Senator Collins has offered or supported legislation aimed at providing tax relief, cutting red tape, and investing in a 21st century workforce.[111]
 ”
—Susan Collins' campaign website (2020)[112]

Notable endorsements

See also: Ballotpedia: Our approach to covering endorsements

This section displays endorsements this individual made in elections within Ballotpedia's coverage and endorsements scopes.

Notable candidate endorsements by Susan Collins
EndorseeElectionStageOutcome
Nikki Haley  source  (R) President of the United States (2024) PrimaryWithdrew in Convention
Jeb Bush  source  (R) President of the United States (2016) PrimaryLost Convention

Issues

National Security

Letter to Iran

On March 9, 2015, Senator Tom Cotton wrote a letter to Iran's leadership, warning them that signing a nuclear deal with the Obama administration without congressional approval was merely an "executive agreement". The letter also stated that "The next president could revoke such an executive agreement with the stroke of a pen and future Congresses could modify the terms of the agreement at any time." The letter was signed by 47 Republican members of the Senate. Collins was one of the seven Republican members of the Senate who did not sign the letter.[113]

The letter caused intense backlash from both the Obama administration and members of Congress.[114] Vice President Joe Biden said of the letter, "In thirty-six years in the United States Senate, I cannot recall another instance in which senators wrote directly to advise another country — much less a longtime foreign adversary — that the president does not have the constitutional authority to reach a meaningful understanding with them."[115] On Twitter, the hashtag "47Traitors" became the top trending topic in the world, and a debate raged as to whether the 47 who signed the letter were traitors or patriots.[116]

Drones filibuster

See also: Rand Paul filibuster of John Brennan's CIA Nomination in March 2013

On March 6, 2013, Senator Rand Paul (R) led a 13-hour filibuster of President Obama's CIA Director nominee, John Brennan. Paul started the filibuster in order to highlight his concerns about the administration's drone policies. In particular, Paul said he was concerned about whether a drone could be used to kill an American citizen within the United States border, without any due process involved. Paul and other civil liberties activists criticized President Obama for not offering a clear response to the question. A total of 14 senators joined Paul in the filibuster -- 13 Republicans and one Democrat.[117][118][119]

Collins was one of 30 Republican senators who did not support the filibuster.[120][121][122][123]

The day after the filibuster, Attorney General Eric Holder sent a letter to Paul, responding to the filibuster. Holder wrote, "Does the president have the authority to use a weaponized drone to kill an American not engaged in combat on U.S. soil? The answer to that is no."[124]

DHS speculation

Upon Janet Napolitano's retirement from head of the Department of Homeland Security, there was speculation that Collins may have been tapped for the position. On July 16, 2013, she told reporters, "The White House has not contacted me, I do not expect to be contacted by the White House and I am very happy being senator from Maine and I’m fully committed to seeking re-election."[125]

Campaign finance summary

Note: The finance data shown here comes from the disclosures required of candidates and parties. Depending on the election or state, this may represent only a portion of all the funds spent on their behalf. Satellite spending groups may or may not have expended funds related to the candidate or politician on whose page you are reading this disclaimer. Campaign finance data from elections may be incomplete. For elections to federal offices, complete data can be found at the FEC website. Click here for more on federal campaign finance law and here for more on state campaign finance law.

Susan Collins campaign contribution history
YearOfficeStatusContributionsExpenditures
2020U.S. Senate MaineWon general$30,783,434 $30,417,005
2014U.S. Senate (Maine)Won $6,228,159 N/A**
2008U.S. Senate (Maine)Won $8,039,750 N/A**
2002U.S. Senate (Maine)Won $4,266,392 N/A**
Grand total$49,317,735 $30,417,005
Sources: OpenSecrets,  Federal Elections Commission ***This product uses the openFEC API but is not endorsed or certified by the Federal Election Commission (FEC).
** Data on expenditures is not available for this election cycle
Note: Totals above reflect only availabale data.

Personal Gain Index

Congressional Personal Gain Index graphic.png
See also: Personal Gain Index (U.S. Congress)

The Personal Gain Index (U.S. Congress) is a two-part measurement that illustrates the extent to which members of the U.S. Congress have prospered during their tenure as public servants.
It consists of two different metrics:

PGI: Change in net worth

See also: Changes in Net Worth of U.S. Senators and Representatives (Personal Gain Index) and Net worth of United States Senators and Representatives
Net Worth Metric graphic.png

Based on congressional financial disclosure forms and calculations made available by OpenSecrets.org, Collins' net worth as of 2012 was estimated between $1,181,156 and $4,567,000. That averages to $2,874,078, which is lower than the average net worth of Republican senators in 2012 of $6,956,438.47. Collins ranked as the 48th most wealthy senator in 2012.[126] Between 2004 and 2012, Collins' calculated net worth[127] increased by an average of 138 percent per year. Between 2004 and 2012, the average annual percentage increase for a member of Congress was 15.4 percent.[128]

Susan Collins Yearly Net Worth
YearAverage Net Worth
2004$238,835
2012$2,874,078
Growth from 2004 to 2012:1,103%
Average annual growth:138%[129]
Comparatively, the American citizen experienced a median yearly decline in net worth of -0.94%.[130]

The data used to calculate changes in net worth may include changes resulting from assets gained through marriage, inheritance, changes in family estates and/or trusts, changes in family business ownership, and many other variables unrelated to a member's behavior in Congress.

PGI: Donation Concentration Metric

See also: The Donation Concentration Metric (U.S. Congress Personal Gain Index)

Filings required by the Federal Election Commission report on the industries that give to each candidate. Using campaign filings and information calculated by OpenSecrets.org, Ballotpedia calculated the percentage of donations by industry received by each incumbent over the course of his or her career (or 1989 and later, if elected prior to 1988). In the 113th Congress, Collins was the ranking Republican member of the United States Senate Committee on Aging. Collins received the most donations from individuals and PACs employed by the Retired industry.

From 1995-2014, 24.91 percent of Collins' career contributions came from the top five industries as listed below.[131]

Donation Concentration Metric graphic.png
Susan Collins (Maine) Campaign Contributions
Total Raised $19,408,770
Total Spent $15,376,059
Ranking member of the United States Senate Committee on Aging
Top five industries that contributed to campaign committee
Retired$1,240,269
Lawyers/Law Firms$997,801
Leadership PACs$901,984
Securities & Investment$859,777
Health Professionals$835,654
% total in top industry6.39%
% total in top two industries11.53%
% total in top five industries24.91%

Analysis

Ideology and leadership

See also: GovTrack's Political Spectrum & Legislative Leadership ranking'

Based on an analysis of bill sponsorship by GovTrack, Collins was a centrist Republican leader as of July 22, 2014. This was the same rating Collins received in June 2013.[132]

Like-minded colleagues

The website OpenCongress tracks the voting records of each member to determine with whom he or she votes most and least often. The results include a member from each party.[133]

Collins most often votes with:

Collins least often votes with:


Lifetime voting record

See also: Lifetime voting records of United States Senators and Representatives

According to the website GovTrack, Susan Collins missed 0 of 6,002 roll call votes from January 1997 to September 2015. This amounts to 0 percent, which is better than the median of 1.6 percent among current senators as of September 2015.[134]

Congressional staff salaries

See also: Staff salaries of United States Senators and Representatives

The website Legistorm compiles staff salary information for members of Congress. Collins paid her congressional staff a total of $2,549,604 in 2011. She ranked 16th on the list of the highest paid Republican senatorial staff salaries and ranked 50th overall of the lowest paid senatorial staff salaries in 2011. Overall, Maine ranked 41st in average salary for senatorial staff. The average U.S. Senate congressional staff was paid $2,529,141.70 in fiscal year 2011.[135]

National Journal vote ratings

See also: National Journal vote ratings

Each year, National Journal publishes an analysis of how liberally or conservatively each member of Congress voted, as compared to other members, in the previous year. More information about the analysis process can be found on the vote ratings page.

2013

Collins ranked 45th in the conservative rankings in 2013.[136]

2012

Collins ranked 47th in the conservative rankings in 2012.[137]

2011

Collins ranked 47th in the conservative rankings in 2011.[138]

Voting with party

The website OpenCongress tracks how often members of Congress vote with the majority of the chamber caucus.

2014

Collins voted with the Republican Party 62.7 percent of the time, which ranked 45th among the 45 Senate Republican members as of July 2014.[139]

June 2013

Collins voted with the Republican Party 61.5 percent of the time, which ranked 46th among the 46 Senate Republican members as of June 2013.

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External links

Candidate

U.S. Senate Maine
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    Officeholder

    U.S. Senate Maine
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    Footnotes

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named bioguide
    2. ↑ United States Senate, "Committee Assignments of the 115th Congress," accessed January 19, 2017
    3. ↑ United States Senate, "Committee Assignments," accessed February 4, 2015
    4. ↑ Congressional Quarterly, "Senate Committee List," accessed January 22, 2013
    5. ↑ United States Senate, "Committee Assignments," accessed March 29, 2014
    6. ↑ Official Senate Website, "Committee Assignments," accessed October 25, 2011
    7. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.2670 - National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024," accessed February 27, 2024
    8. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.6363 - Further Continuing Appropriations and Other Extensions Act, 2024," accessed February 27, 2024
    9. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.5860 - Continuing Appropriations Act, 2024 and Other Extensions Act," accessed February 27, 2024
    10. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.3746 - Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023," accessed February 27, 2024
    11. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.J.Res.7 - Relating to a national emergency declared by the President on March 13, 2020." accessed February 23, 2024
    12. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.J.Res.44 - Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives relating to "Factoring Criteria for Firearms with Attached 'Stabilizing Braces'"" accessed February 28, 2024
    13. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.J.Res.30 - Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Labor relating to 'Prudence and Loyalty in Selecting Plan Investments and Exercising Shareholder Rights'." accessed February 23, 2024
    14. ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Motion (Motion to Concur in the House Amendment with an Amendment)," December 18, 2018
    15. ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Conference Report (Conference Report to Accompany H.R. 2)," December 11, 2018
    16. ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Nomination (Confirmation Brett M. Kavanaugh, of Maryland, to be an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States)," October 6, 2018
    17. ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture Re: Brett M. Kavanaugh to be an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States)," October 5, 2018
    18. ↑ Senate.gov, "On Passage of the Bill (H.R. 2, As Amended)," June 28, 2018
    19. ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture on Amdt. No. 1959)," February 15, 2018
    20. ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture on Amdt. No. 1958 As Modified)," February 15, 2018
    21. ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture on Amdt. No. 1948)," February 15, 2018
    22. ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture on Amdt. No. 1955)," February 15, 2018
    23. ↑ Senate.gov, "On Cloture on the Motion to Proceed (Motion to Invoke Cloture on the Motion to Proceed to the Consideration of S. 2311)," January 29, 2018
    24. ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Amendment (McConnell Amdt. No. 667)," July 28, 2017
    25. ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Amendment (Paul Amdt. No. 271 )," July 26, 2017
    26. ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Motion (Motion to Waive All Applicable Budgetary Discipline Re: Amdt. No. 270)," July 25, 2017
    27. ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Motion to Proceed (Motion to Proceed to H.R. 1628)," July 25, 2017
    28. ↑ U.S. Senate, "On the Nomination (Confirmation: Neil M. Gorsuch, of Colorado, to be an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States)," April 7, 2017
    29. ↑ U.S. Senate, "On the Cloture Motion (Upon Reconsideration, Motion to Invoke Cloture on the Nomination of Neil M. Gorsuch of Colorado, to be an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States)," April 6, 2017
    30. ↑ U.S. Senate, "On the Decision of the Chair (Shall the Decision of the Chair Stand as the Judgment of the Senate?)," April 6, 2017
    31. ↑ U.S. Senate, "On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture on the Nomination of Neil M. Gorsuch, of Colorado, to be an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States)," April 6, 2017
    32. ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Conference Report (Conference Report to Accompany H.R. 6157)," September 18, 2018
    33. ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Conference Report (Conference Report to Accompany H.R. 5895)," September 12, 2018
    34. ↑ Senate.gov, "On Passage of the Bill (H. R. 6157 As Amended)," August 23, 2018
    35. ↑ Senate.gov, "On Passage of the Bill (H.R. 5895 As Amended)," June 25, 2018
    36. ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Motion (Motion to Concur in the House Amendment to the Senate Amendment to H.R. 1625)," March 23, 2018
    37. ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Motion (Motion to Concur in the House Amendment to the Senate Amendment to H.R. 1892 with an Amendment (SA 1930))," February 9, 2018
    38. ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture on the Motion to Concur in the House Amendment to the Senate Amendment to H.R. 695)," February 8, 2018
    39. ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Motion (Motion to Concur in the House Amendment to the Senate Amendment with Further Amendment)," January 22, 2018
    40. ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture: Motion to Concur in the House Amendment to the Senate Amendment to H.R. 195)," January 22, 2018
    41. ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture: House Amendment to the Senate Amendment to H.R. 195)," January 19, 2018
    42. ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Motion (Motion to Concur in the House Amendment to the Senate Amendment to H.R. 1370)," December 21, 2017
    43. ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Motion to Recede from the Senate Amendment to H.R. 1 and Concur with Further Amendment ," December 20, 2017
    44. ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Joint Resolution (H.J. Res. 123)," December 7, 2017
    45. ↑ Senate.gov, "On Passage of the Bill (H.R. 1 As Amended )," December 2, 2017
    46. ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Concurrent Resolution (H. Con. Res. 71 As Amended)," October 19, 2017
    47. ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Motion (Motion to Concur in the House Amdt. to the Senate Amdt. with an Amdt. No. 808 to H.R. 601)," September 7, 2017
    48. ↑ U.S. Senate, "On the Motion (Motion to Concur in the House Amendment to the Senate Amendment to H.R. 244)," May 4, 2017
    49. ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Joint Resolution (S.J. Res. 54, As Amended), December 13, 2018
    50. ↑ Senate.gov, "On Passage of the Bill (H.R. 2810 As Amended)," September 18, 2017
    51. ↑ The Hill, "Senate sends $692B defense policy bill to Trump's desk," November 15, 2017
    52. ↑ Senate.gov, "On Passage of the Bill (H.R. 3364)," July 27, 2017
    53. ↑ Senate.gov, "On Passage of the Bill (S. 722 As Amended)," June 15, 2017
    54. ↑ Congressional Record, "Resume of Congressional Activity, First Session of the 113th Congress," accessed April 29, 2015
    55. ↑ Congressional Record, "Resume of Congressional Activity, Second Session of the 114th Congress," accessed January 5, 2017
    56. ↑ Congressional Record, "Resume of Congressional Activity, First Session of the One Hundred Fourteenth Congress," April 13, 2015
    57. ↑ Congress.gov, "HR 1314," accessed May 25, 2015
    58. ↑ Senate.gov, "H.R. 1314 (Ensuring Tax Exempt Organizations the Right to Appeal Act)," accessed May 25, 2015
    59. ↑ Senate.gov, "Roll Call for HR 2146," June 24, 2015
    60. ↑ The Hill, "Senate approves fast-track, sending trade bill to White House," June 24, 2015
    61. ↑ The Hill, "Obama signs trade bills," June 29, 2015
    62. ↑ Congress.gov, "S.Con.Res.11," accessed May 5, 2015
    63. ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Conference Report (Conference Report to Accompany S. Con. Res. 11)," accessed May 5, 2015
    64. ↑ The Hill, "Republicans pass a budget, flexing power of majority," accessed May 5, 2015
    65. ↑ The Hill, "Redone defense policy bill sails through House," accessed November 12, 2015
    66. ↑ Congress.gov, "S. 1356," accessed November 12, 2015
    67. ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Motion (Motion to Concur in the House Amendment to S. 1356)," accessed November 12, 2015
    68. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 618," accessed November 12, 2015
    69. ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture Re: Conference Report to Accompany H.R. 1735)," accessed October 6, 2015
    70. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 239," accessed May 27, 2015
    71. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R. 1735," accessed May 27, 2015
    72. ↑ Congress.gov, "HR 1314 - Bipartisan Budget Act of 2015," accessed November 1, 2015
    73. ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Motion (Motion to Concur in the House Amendment to the Senate Amendment to H.R. 1314)," accessed November 1, 2015
    74. ↑ Clerk.House.gov, "Final Vote Results for Roll Call 579," accessed November 1, 2015
    75. ↑ Congress.gov, "HR 1191," accessed May 8, 2015
    76. ↑ Senate.gov, "H.R. 1191," accessed May 8, 2015
    77. ↑ Congress.gov, "S.Amdt.2640 to H.J.Res.61," accessed September 10, 2015
    78. ↑ Congress.gov, "HJ Res 61," accessed September 10, 2015
    79. ↑ Senates.gov, "On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture on McConnell Amdt. No. 2640 )," accessed September 16, 2015
    80. ↑ Congress.gov, "HJ Res 61," accessed September 10, 2015
    81. ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture on McConnell Amdt. No. 2640 )," accessed September 17, 2015
    82. ↑ Congress.gov, "S.Amdt.2656 to S.Amdt.2640," accessed September 17, 2015
    83. ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Cloture Motion (Motion to Invoke Cloture on McConnell Amdt. No. 2656)," accessed September 17, 2015
    84. ↑ Congress.gov, "H.R.2048," accessed May 26, 2015
    85. ↑ Senate.gov, "On Passage of the Bill (H.R. 2048)," accessed June 2, 2015
    86. ↑ Senate.gov, "On the Nomination (Confirmation Loretta E. Lynch, of New York, to be Attorney General)," accessed April 29, 2015
    87. ↑ Congress.gov, "S 754," accessed November 1, 2015
    88. ↑ Senate.gov, "On Passage of the Bill (S. 754, As Amended)," accessed November 1, 2015
    89. ↑ Congress.gov, "S 2146," accessed November 2, 2015
    90. ↑ Senate.gov, "On Cloture on the Motion to Proceed (Motion to Invoke Cloture on the Motion to Proceed to S. 2146)," accessed November 2, 2015
    91. ↑ Congressional Record, "Resume of Congressional Activity, First Session of the 112th Congress," accessed September 5, 2013
    92. ↑ Congressional Record, "Resume of Congressional Activity, Second Session of the 113th Congress," accessed March 4, 2014
    93. ↑ 93.0 93.1 93.2 93.3 Project Vote Smart, "Susan Collins Key Votes," accessed October 17, 2013
    94. ↑ Senate.gov, "H.R. 2642 (Federal Agriculture Reform and Risk Management Act of 2013)," accessed February 12, 2014
    95. ↑ New York Times, "Senate Passes Long-Stalled Farm Bill, With Clear Winners and Losers," accessed February 12, 2014
    96. ↑ 96.0 96.1 Politico, "Senate approves $1.1 trillion spending bill," accessed January 20, 2014
    97. ↑ 97.0 97.1 97.2 U.S. Senate, "January 16 Vote," accessed January 20, 2014
    98. ↑ Roll Call, "House Passes $1.1 Trillion Omnibus," accessed January 20, 2014
    99. ↑ The Washington Post, "Reid, McConnell propose bipartisan Senate bill to end shutdown, extend borrowing," accessed October 16, 2013
    100. ↑ Senate.gov, "H.R. 2775 As Amended," accessed October 31, 2013
    101. ↑ 101.0 101.1 101.2 101.3 101.4 CBS News, "Senate Rejects Paul Ryan Budget," accessed March 22, 2013
    102. ↑ Washington Post, "10 House Republicans Vote Against Ryan Budget," accessed March 22, 2013
    103. ↑ NPR "Senate Rejects Expanded Background Checks For Gun Sales" accessed April 19, 2013
    104. ↑ Fox News "Background check plan defeated in Senate, Obama rips gun bill opponents" accessed April 19, 2013
    105. ↑ NPR "Historically Speaking, No Surprise In Senate Gun Control Vote" accessed April 19, 2013
    106. ↑ U.S. Senate, "Roll Call Vote on the Fiscal Cliff," accessed January 4, 2013
    107. ↑ USA Today, "Moderate GOP Sen. Collins intends to run again," accessed October 24, 2013
    108. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 4, 2008," accessed March 28, 2013
    109. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 5, 2002," accessed March 28, 2013
    110. ↑ U.S. Congress House Clerk, "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 5, 1996," accessed March 28, 2013
    111. ↑ Note: This text is quoted verbatim from the original source. Any inconsistencies are attributable to the original source.
    112. ↑ Susan Collins' 2020 campaign website, “Issues,” accessed October 7, 2020
    113. ↑ The Wall Street Journal, "Text of GOP Senators’ Letter to Iran’s Leaders on Nuclear Talks," March 9, 2015
    114. ↑ Politico, "Iran letter blowback startles GOP," March 12, 2015
    115. ↑ Fox News, "Firestorm erupts over GOP letter challenging Obama's power to approve Iran nuclear deal," March 10, 2015
    116. ↑ Ut San Diego, "Traitors or patriots? Senator's letter to Iran creates firestorm," March 11, 2015
    117. ↑ CNN, "Rand Paul says he's heard from White House after filibuster," March 7, 2013
    118. ↑ USA Today, "Rand Paul filibuster ranks among Senate's longest," March 7, 2013
    119. ↑ ABC News, "Rand Paul wins applause from GOP and liberals," March 7, 2013
    120. ↑ Breitbart, "AWOL: Meet the GOP senators who refused to stand with Rand," March 7, 2013
    121. ↑ Politico, "Rand Paul filibuster blasted by Sens. John McCain, Lindsey Graham," March 7, 2013
    122. ↑ Politico, "Rand Paul pulls plug on nearly 13-hour filibuster," March 7, 2017
    123. ↑ The Blaze, "Here Are All the GOP Senators That Participated in Rand Paul’s 12+ Hour Filibuster… and the Ones Who Didn’t," March 7, 2013
    124. ↑ Washington Post, "Eric Holder responds to Rand Paul with ‘no’," March 7, 2013
    125. ↑ Washington Post, "Susan Collins: No thanks on DHS secretary," accessed July 16, 2013
    126. ↑ OpenSecrets, "Susan Collins (R-ME), 2012," accessed February 18, 2014
    127. ↑ This figure represents the total percentage growth from either 2004 (if the member entered office in 2004 or earlier) or the member's first year in office (as noted in the chart below).
    128. ↑ This number was found by dividing each member's total net worth growth percentage by the number of years included in the calculation.
    129. ↑ This figure represents the total percentage growth divided by the number of years for which there are net worth figures for each member.
    130. ↑ This figure was calculated using median asset data from the Census Bureau. Please see the Congressional Net Worth data for Ballotpedia spreadsheet for more information on this calculation.
    131. ↑ OpenSecrets.org, "Sen. Susan Collins," accessed September 18, 2014
    132. ↑ GovTrack, "Susan Collins," accessed July 22, 2014
    133. ↑ OpenCongress, "Sen. Susan Collins," archived March 4, 2016
    134. ↑ GovTrack, "Sen. Susan Collins (R)," accessed September 23, 2015
    135. ↑ LegiStorm, "Susan Collins" accessed 2012
    136. ↑ National Journal, "2013 Senate Vote Ratings," accessed July 22, 2014
    137. ↑ National Journal, "TABLE: House Liberal Scores by Issue Area," accessed February 26, 2013
    138. ↑ National Journal, "Searchable Vote Ratings Tables: House," accessed February 23, 2012
    139. ↑ OpenCongress, "Voting With Party," accessed July 2014

    Political offices
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