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“Well, you’re about to enter the land of the free and the brave. And I don’t know how you got that stamp on your passport. The priest must know someone” (Tóibín, 2009, p. 52).
2)转述信息
用你自己的语言和写作风格重新表述 (称为释义/意议);
示例:
Student teachers who use technology in their lessons tend to continue using technology tools throughout their teaching careers (Kent & Giles, 2017, p. 12).
According to a study done by Kent and Giles (2017), student teachers who use technology in their lessons tend to continue using technology tools throughout their teaching careers.
4、引用的特征
这些引文长度短,放在你的论文的主要部分。
四、参考文献(References)
1、参考文献的定义
参考文献中包含了在项目正文中发现的任何文本引用的完整信息。
出现在你的研究项目的最后,通常在最后一页。
这些参考文献中英文分开两部分,按作者姓氏的字母顺序排列。
不采用编号,每条文献以段落的方式呈现,刊物名称和出版社一般以斜体形式呈现。
2、不同来源的APA格式的参考文献
① 期刊(Journals and DOIs)
格式:
作者.出版年份.文献标题.刊名,卷(期),起止页码.
例如
示例:
Gänsicke, B. T., Schreiber, M. R., Toloza, O., Fusillo, N. P. G., Koester, D., & Manser, C. J. (2019). Accretion of a giant planet onto a white dwarf star. Nature, 576(7785), 61–64. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1789-8
② 专著、论文集、学术论文、报告等
格式
作者.出版年份.专著名称(或学位论文名称).出版社(或学位论文授予单位).
示例
Zack, P. O. (2001). The shoals of time. First Books Library.
Washington, G., Adams, J., Jefferson, T., Madison, J., Monroe, J., Adams, J. Q., Jackson, A., Van Buren, M., Harrison, W. H., Tyler, J., Polk, J. K., Taylor, Z., Filmore, M., Pierce, F., Buchanan, J., Lincoln, A., Johnson, A., Grant, U. S., Hayes, R. B., Garfield, . . . Trump, D.
对于有21位或更多作者的来源,加“et al.” 有助于缩短提及: (Honda et al., 2019)
Calkins, M. W. (1908). Psychology as science of self. I. Is the self body or has it body?http://psychclassics.yorku.Ca /Calkins/SciSelf/index1.htm
Garrett, M.(2000). Remarks on the architecture of language processing systems. In Grodzinsky, Y., Shapiro, L. P., & Swinney, D.(Eds.), Language and the brain:Representation and processing. Foundations of Neuropschology series(pp. 31-69).San Diego, CA, USA: Academic Press.
Greeen, D. M., & Swets, J. A.(1966). Signal detection theory and psychophysics. New York: John Wiley.
Gunter, T. C., Friedrici, A. D., & Schriefers, H. (2000). Syntactic gender and semantic expectancy: ERPs reveal early autonomy and late interaction. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 12, 556-568.
Rosch, J. (1984, June). Processing criminal cases in Japan: Implications for debate about plea bargaining in the U.S. Paper presented at the meeting of the Law and Society Association, Boston, MA.
Wang, R., Fan, X., Liu, C., & Cai, Z.(2016). Cognitive control and word recognition speed influence the stroop effect in bilinguals. International Journal of Psychology,51(2): 93–101.