>$60,000 $50,000 - $60,000 $40,000 - $50,000 $30,000 - $40,000 | $20,000 - $30,000 $10,000 - $20,000 $5,000 - $10,000 $2,500 - $5,000 | $1,000 - $2,500 $500 - $1,000 <$500 No data |
The figures presented here do not take into account differences in the cost of living in different countries, and the results vary greatly from one year to another based on fluctuations in the exchange rates of the country's currency. Such fluctuations change a country's ranking from one year to the next, even though they often make little or no difference to the standard of living of its population.
GDP per capita is often considered an indicator of a country's standard of living; [1] [2] however, this is inaccurate because GDP per capita is not a measure of personal income.
Comparisons of national income are also frequently made on the basis of purchasing power parity (PPP), to adjust for differences in the cost of living in different countries. (see List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita). PPP largely removes the exchange rate problem but not others; it does not reflect the value of economic output in international trade, and it also requires more estimation than GDP per capita. On the whole, PPP per capita figures are more narrowly spread than nominal GDP per capita figures.
Non-sovereign entities (the world, continents, and some dependent territories) and states with limited international recognition are included in the list in cases in which they appear in the sources. These economies are not ranked in the charts here (except Kosovo and Taiwan), but are listed in sequence by GDP for comparison. In addition, non-sovereign entities are marked in italics.
Four UN members (Cuba, Liechtenstein, Monaco and North Korea) do not belong to the IMF hence their economies are not ranked below. Kosovo, despite not being a member of the United Nations, is a member of IMF. Taiwan is not a IMF member but it is still listed in the official IMF indices.
Several leading GDP-per-capita (nominal) jurisdictions may be considered tax havens, and their GDP data subject to material distortion by tax-planning activities. Examples include Bermuda, the Cayman Islands, Ireland and Luxembourg. [3]
All data are in current United States dollars. Historical data can be found here.
The table initially ranks each country or territory by its IMF estimate, and can be reranked by any of the sources.
Country/Territory | UN Region | IMF [4] [5] | World Bank [6] | United Nations [7] | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Estimate | Year | Estimate | Year | Estimate | Year | ||
Monaco | Europe | — | 240,862 | 2022 | 234,317 | 2021 | |
Liechtenstein | Europe | — | 197,505 | 2021 | 169,260 | 2021 | |
Luxembourg | Europe | 131,384 | 2024 | 125,006 | 2022 | 133,745 | 2021 |
Bermuda | Americas | — | 118,775 | 2022 | 112,653 | 2021 | |
Ireland | Europe | 106,059 | 2024 | 103,983 | 2022 | 101,109 | 2021 |
Switzerland | Europe | 105,669 | 2024 | 93,260 | 2022 | 93,525 | 2021 |
Cayman Islands | Americas | — | 99,625 | 2022 | 85,250 | 2021 | |
Norway | Europe | 94,660 | 2024 | 108,729 | 2022 | 89,242 | 2021 |
Singapore | Asia | 88,447 | 2024 | 82,808 | 2022 | 66,822 | 2021 |
United States | Americas | 85,373 | 2024 | 76,330 | 2022 | 69,185 | 2021 |
Iceland | Europe | 84,594 | 2024 | 73,467 | 2022 | 69,133 | 2021 |
Qatar | Asia | 81,400 | 2024 | 87,662 | 2022 | 66,799 | 2021 |
Isle of Man | Europe | — | 79,531 | 2020 | — | ||
Macau | Asia | 78,962 | 2024 | 34,585 | 2022 | 43,555 | 2021 |
Denmark | Europe | 68,898 | 2024 | 67,790 | 2022 | 68,037 | 2021 |
Channel Islands | Europe | — | 67,961 | 2021 | — | ||
Faroe Islands | Europe | — | 66,979 | 2022 | — | ||
Australia | Oceania | 66,589 | 2024 | 65,100 | 2022 | 66,916 | 2021 |
Netherlands | Europe | 63,750 | 2024 | 57,025 | 2022 | 57,871 | 2021 |
San Marino | Europe | 59,405 | 2024 | 54,983 | 2021 | 50,425 | 2021 |
Austria | Europe | 59,225 | 2024 | 52,085 | 2022 | 53,840 | 2021 |
Sweden | Europe | 58,529 | 2024 | 56,424 | 2022 | 60,730 | 2021 |
Greenland | Americas | — | 57,116 | 2021 | 58,185 | 2021 | |
Belgium | Europe | 55,536 | 2024 | 49,927 | 2022 | 51,166 | 2021 |
Finland | Europe | 55,127 | 2024 | 50,872 | 2022 | 53,703 | 2021 |
Canada | Americas | 54,866 | 2024 | 55,522 | 2022 | 52,112 | 2021 |
Germany | Europe | 54,291 | 2024 | 48,718 | 2022 | 51,073 | 2021 |
United Arab Emirates | Asia | 53,916 | 2024 | 53,708 | 2022 | 43,295 | 2021 |
Hong Kong | Asia | 53,606 | 2024 | 48,984 | 2022 | 49,259 | 2021 |
Israel | Asia | 53,372 | 2024 | 54,931 | 2022 | 54,111 | 2021 |
United Kingdom | Europe | 51,075 | 2024 | 46,125 | 2022 | 46,542 | 2021 |
British Virgin Islands | Americas | — | — | 49,444 | 2021 | ||
New Zealand | Oceania | 48,531 | 2024 | 48,419 | 2022 | 48,824 | 2021 |
France | Europe | 47,359 | 2024 | 40,886 | 2022 | 44,229 | 2021 |
Andorra | Europe | 44,900 | 2024 | 41,993 | 2022 | 42,066 | 2021 |
European Union [n 1] | Europe | 42,440 | 2024 | 37,433 | 2022 | 31,875 | [8] 2021 |
U.S. Virgin Islands | Americas | — | 41,976 | 2021 | — | ||
Malta | Europe | 41,738 | 2024 | 34,128 | 2022 | 33,642 | 2021 |
Italy | Europe | 39,580 | 2024 | 34,776 | 2022 | 37,150 | 2021 |
Aruba | Americas | 38,018 | 2024 | 33,301 | 2022 | 29,342 | 2021 |
Puerto Rico | Americas | 37,172 | 2024 | 35,209 | 2022 | 32,716 | 2021 |
Cyprus | Asia | 37,149 | [n 2] 2024 | 32,048 | [n 2] 2022 | 32,281 | [n 2] 2021 |
Guam | Oceania | — | 35,905 | 2021 | — | ||
Sint Maarten (Dutch part) | Americas | — | 35,873 | 2022 | 26,199 | 2021 | |
New Caledonia | Oceania | — | 35,745 | 2022 | 34,994 | 2021 | |
Bahamas | Americas | 35,257 | 2024 | 31,458 | 2022 | 27,478 | 2021 |
Brunei | Asia | 35,111 | 2024 | 37,153 | 2022 | 31,449 | 2021 |
Taiwan [n 3] | Asia | 34,432 | 2024 | — | — | ||
South Korea | Asia | 34,165 | 2024 | 32,423 | 2022 | 34,940 | 2021 |
Spain | Europe | 34,045 | 2024 | 29,675 | 2022 | 30,058 | 2021 |
Slovenia | Europe | 34,026 | 2024 | 28,439 | 2022 | 29,135 | 2021 |
Japan | Asia | 33,138 | 2024 | 34,017 | 2022 | 39,650 | 2021 |
Saudi Arabia | Asia | 33,040 | 2024 | 30,448 | 2022 | 23,186 | 2021 |
Estonia | Europe | 31,855 | 2024 | 28,247 | 2022 | 27,991 | 2021 |
Kuwait | Asia | 31,724 | 2024 | 41,080 | 2022 | 32,150 | 2021 |
Czech Republic | Europe | 29,801 | 2024 | 27,227 | 2022 | 26,809 | 2021 |
Portugal | Europe | 28,969 | 2024 | 24,515 | 2022 | 24,651 | 2021 |
Bahrain | Asia | 28,876 | 2024 | 30,147 | 2022 | 26,563 | 2021 |
Lithuania | Europe | 28,407 | 2024 | 25,065 | 2022 | 23,844 | 2021 |
Guyana | Americas | 26,592 | 2024 | 18,200 | 2022 | 9,999 | 2021 |
Slovakia | Europe | 25,935 | 2024 | 21,257 | 2022 | 21,390 | 2021 |
Turks and Caicos Islands | Americas | — | 24,918 | 2022 | 20,909 | 2021 | |
Latvia | Europe | 24,194 | 2024 | 21,780 | 2022 | 21,267 | 2021 |
Greece | Europe | 23,966 | 2024 | 20,867 | 2022 | 20,571 | 2021 |
Saint Kitts and Nevis | Americas | 23,705 | 2024 | 20,262 | 2022 | 18,083 | 2021 |
Barbados | Americas | 23,596 | 2024 | 20,239 | 2022 | 17,225 | 2021 |
Hungary | Europe | 23,319 | 2024 | 18,390 | 2022 | 18,728 | 2021 |
Uruguay | Americas | 23,088 | 2024 | 20,795 | 2022 | 17,313 | 2021 |
Poland | Europe | 23,014 | 2024 | 18,688 | 2022 | 17,736 | 2021 |
Croatia | Europe | 22,966 | 2024 | 18,570 | 2022 | 16,983 | 2021 |
Seychelles | Africa | 21,875 | 2024 | 13,251 | 2022 | 12,085 | 2021 |
Oman | Asia | 20,913 | 2024 | 25,057 | 2022 | 19,509 | 2021 |
Antigua and Barbuda | Americas | 20,533 | 2024 | 19,920 | 2022 | 15,246 | 2021 |
Curaçao | Americas | — | 20,502 | 2022 | 14,183 | 2021 | |
Saint Martin (French part) | Americas | — | 20,321 | 2021 | — | ||
Trinidad and Tobago | Americas | 19,861 | 2024 | 19,630 | 2022 | 16,033 | 2021 |
American Samoa | Oceania | — | 19,673 | 2022 | — | ||
Romania | Europe | 19,530 | 2024 | 15,787 | 2022 | 14,698 | 2021 |
Panama | Americas | 19,369 | 2024 | 17,358 | 2022 | 14,618 | 2021 |
Cook Islands | Oceania | — | — | 19,264 | 2021 | ||
Anguilla | Americas | — | — | 19,216 | 2021 | ||
French Polynesia | Oceania | — | 18,985 | 2022 | 19,915 | 2021 | |
Costa Rica | Americas | 18,031 | 2024 | 13,365 | 2022 | 12,472 | 2021 |
Maldives | Asia | 17,818 | 2024 | 11,781 | 2022 | 10,366 | 2021 |
Palau | Oceania | 17,441 | 2024 | 12,922 | 2021 | 12,084 | 2021 |
Northern Mariana Islands | Oceania | — | 17,303 | 2020 | — | ||
Bulgaria | Europe | 16,943 | 2024 | 13,974 | 2022 | 12,207 | 2021 |
Chile | Americas | 16,616 | 2024 | 15,356 | 2022 | 16,265 | 2021 |
Montserrat | Americas | — | — | 16,199 | 2021 | ||
Mexico | Americas | 15,249 | 2024 | 11,497 | 2022 | 10,046 | 2021 |
Kazakhstan | Asia | 14,778 | 2024 | 11,492 | 2022 | 10,055 | 2021 |
Russia | Europe | 14,391 | 2024 | 15,271 | 2022 | 12,259 | 2021 |
Saint Lucia | Americas | 14,101 | 2024 | 13,031 | 2022 | 9,824 | 2021 |
World | 13,840 | 2024 | 12,688 | 2022 | 12,230 | 2021 | |
Malaysia | Asia | 13,315 | 2024 | 11,993 | 2022 | 11,101 | 2021 |
China | Asia | 13,136 | [n 4] 2024 | 12,720 | [n 5] 2022 | 12,437 | [n 4] 2021 |
Mauritius | Africa | 12,973 | 2024 | 10,256 | 2022 | 8,873 | 2021 |
Argentina | Americas | 12,812 | 2024 | 13,651 | 2022 | 10,761 | 2021 |
Turkey | Asia | 12,765 | 2024 | 10,675 | 2022 | 9,661 | 2021 |
Montenegro | Europe | 12,646 | 2024 | 10,093 | 2022 | 9,252 | 2021 |
Turkmenistan | Asia | 12,412 | 2024 | 8,793 | 2022 | 8,508 | 2021 |
Serbia | Europe | 12,384 | 2024 | 9,538 | 2022 | 8,643 | 2021 |
Nauru | Oceania | 12,362 | 2024 | 11,971 | 2022 | 12,390 | 2021 |
Grenada | Americas | 12,255 | 2024 | 9,689 | 2022 | 8,950 | 2021 |
Dominican Republic | Americas | 11,774 | 2024 | 10,111 | 2022 | 8,477 | 2021 |
Brazil | Americas | 11,352 | 2024 | 8,918 | 2022 | 8,170 | 2021 |
Cuba | Americas | — | 9,500 | 2020 | 11,255 | 2021 | |
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | Americas | 10,150 | 2024 | 9,125 | 2022 | 8,440 | 2021 |
Dominica | Americas | 9,455 | 2024 | 8,351 | 2022 | 7,571 | 2021 |
Gabon | Africa | 9,308 | 2024 | 8,820 | 2022 | 7,911 | 2021 |
Albania | Europe | 8,924 | 2024 | 6,810 | 2022 | 6,396 | 2021 |
Georgia | Asia | 8,825 | [n 6] 2024 | 6,675 | [n 6] 2022 | 4,975 | [n 6] 2021 |
Armenia | Asia | 8,575 | 2024 | 7,018 | 2022 | 4,967 | 2021 |
Bosnia and Herzegovina | Europe | 8,416 | 2024 | 7,569 | 2022 | 7,143 | 2021 |
Peru | Americas | 8,291 | 2024 | 7,126 | 2022 | 6,622 | 2021 |
Botswana | Africa | 7,875 | 2024 | 7,739 | 2022 | 6,805 | 2021 |
Thailand | Asia | 7,812 | 2024 | 6,910 | 2022 | 7,067 | 2021 |
North Macedonia | Europe | 7,694 | 2024 | 6,592 | 2022 | 6,600 | 2021 |
Azerbaijan | Asia | 7,641 | 2024 | 7,762 | 2022 | 5,296 | 2021 |
Belarus | Europe | 7,558 | 2024 | 7,888 | 2022 | 7,121 | 2021 |
Moldova | Europe | 7,488 | [n 7] 2024 | 5,714 | [n 7] 2022 | 4,468 | [n 7] 2021 |
Colombia | Americas | 7,327 | 2024 | 6,624 | 2022 | 6,104 | 2021 |
Jamaica | Americas | 7,309 | 2024 | 6,047 | 2022 | 5,184 | 2021 |
Belize | Americas | 7,170 | 2024 | 6,984 | 2022 | 6,229 | 2021 |
Libya | Africa | 6,975 | 2024 | 6,716 | 2022 | 5,791 | 2021 |
Equatorial Guinea | Africa | 6,733 | 2024 | 7,182 | 2022 | 7,605 | 2021 |
Marshall Islands | Oceania | 6,711 | 2024 | 6,225 | 2022 | 6,111 | 2021 |
Suriname | Americas | 6,702 | 2024 | 5,859 | 2022 | 5,259 | 2021 |
Ecuador | Americas | 6,567 | 2024 | 6,391 | 2022 | 5,965 | 2021 |
Kosovo | Europe | 6,389 | 2024 | 5,340 | 2022 | 5,663 | 2021 |
Fiji | Oceania | 6,287 | 2024 | 5,356 | 2022 | 4,647 | 2021 |
Mongolia | Asia | 6,182 | 2024 | 5,046 | 2022 | 4,510 | 2021 |
Tuvalu | Oceania | 6,001 | 2024 | 5,222 | 2022 | 5,370 | 2021 |
Paraguay | Americas | 5,984 | 2024 | 6,153 | 2022 | 6,035 | 2021 |
Iraq | Asia | 5,979 | 2024 | 5,937 | 2022 | 4,686 | 2021 |
South Africa | Africa | 5,975 | 2024 | 6,767 | 2022 | 7,055 | 2021 |
Tonga | Oceania | 5,840 | 2024 | 4,426 | 2021 | 4,451 | 2021 |
Algeria | Africa | 5,722 | 2024 | 4,343 | 2022 | 3,700 | 2021 |
Guatemala | Americas | 5,678 | 2024 | 5,473 | 2022 | 4,883 | 2021 |
Ukraine | Europe | 5,663 | [n 8] 2024 | 4,534 | [n 8] 2022 | 4,596 | [n 8] 2021 |
El Salvador | Americas | 5,537 | 2024 | 5,127 | 2022 | 4,551 | 2021 |
Iran | Asia | 5,310 | 2024 | 4,670 | 2022 | 6,766 | 2021 |
Indonesia | Asia | 5,271 | 2024 | 4,788 | 2022 | 4,333 | 2021 |
Micronesia | Oceania | 5,120 | 2024 | 3,714 | 2022 | 3,573 | 2021 |
Samoa | Oceania | 4,840 | 2024 | 3,746 | 2022 | 3,919 | 2021 |
Namibia | Africa | 4,745 | 2024 | 5,031 | 2022 | 4,836 | 2021 |
Jordan | Asia | 4,705 | 2024 | 4,311 | 2022 | 4,058 | 2021 |
Cape Verde | Africa | 4,656 | 2024 | 3,754 | 2022 | 3,293 | 2021 |
Vietnam | Asia | 4,623 | 2024 | 4,164 | 2022 | 3,756 | 2021 |
Tunisia | Africa | 4,435 | 2024 | 3,747 | 2022 | 3,807 | 2021 |
Eswatini | Africa | 4,324 | 2024 | 3,987 | 2022 | 3,969 | 2021 |
Djibouti | Africa | 4,184 | 2024 | 3,136 | 2022 | 3,348 | 2021 |
Philippines | Asia | 4,130 | 2024 | 3,499 | 2022 | 3,461 | 2021 |
Morocco | Africa | 4,078 | 2024 | 3,442 | 2022 | 3,853 | 2021 |
Bolivia | Americas | 4,014 | 2024 | 3,600 | 2022 | 3,345 | 2021 |
Bhutan | Asia | 4,014 | 2024 | 3,560 | 2021 | 3,063 | 2021 |
Venezuela | Americas | 3,867 | 2024 | 15,976 | 2014 | 3,965 | 2021 |
Vanuatu | Oceania | 3,734 | 2024 | 3,231 | 2022 | 3,073 | 2021 |
Honduras | Americas | 3,505 | 2024 | 3,040 | 2022 | 2,772 | 2021 |
Palestine | Asia | 3,396 | [n 9] 2023 | 3,789 | [n 9] 2022 | 3,514 | [n 10] 2021 |
Sri Lanka | Asia | 3,342 | 2022 | 3,354 | 2022 | 3,918 | 2021 |
Lebanon | Asia | 3,283 | 2022 | 4,136 | 2021 | 6,785 | 2021 |
Egypt | Africa | 3,225 | 2024 | 4,295 | 2022 | 3,898 | 2021 |
São Tomé and Príncipe | Africa | 3,167 | 2024 | 2,387 | 2022 | 2,486 | 2021 |
Nicaragua | Americas | 2,791 | 2024 | 2,255 | 2022 | 2,046 | 2021 |
India | Asia | 2,731 | 2024 | 2,411 | 2022 | 2,274 | 2021 |
Ivory Coast | Africa | 2,717 | 2024 | 2,486 | 2022 | 2,539 | 2021 |
Uzbekistan | Asia | 2,666 | 2024 | 2,255 | 2022 | 2,032 | 2021 |
Bangladesh | Asia | 2,646 | 2024 | 2,688 | 2022 | 2,450 | 2021 |
Cambodia | Asia | 2,628 | 2024 | 1,760 | 2022 | 1,608 | 2021 |
Papua New Guinea | Oceania | 2,530 | 2024 | 3,116 | 2022 | 2,673 | 2021 |
Congo | Africa | 2,457 | 2024 | 2,649 | 2022 | 2,200 | 2021 |
Kiribati | Oceania | 2,446 | 2024 | 1,702 | 2022 | 1,765 | 2021 |
Angola | Africa | 2,432 | 2024 | 3,000 | 2022 | 2,258 | 2021 |
Mauritania | Africa | 2,347 | 2024 | 2,065 | 2022 | 2,166 | 2021 |
Solomon Islands | Oceania | 2,253 | 2024 | 2,205 | 2022 | 2,306 | 2021 |
Ghana | Africa | 2,230 | 2024 | 2,204 | 2022 | 2,409 | 2021 |
Zimbabwe | Africa | 2,088 | 2024 | 1,677 | 2022 | 1,508 | 2021 |
Kenya | Africa | 1,983 | 2024 | 2,099 | 2022 | 2,082 | 2021 |
Laos | Asia | 1,976 | 2024 | 2,054 | 2022 | 2,569 | 2021 |
Haiti | Americas | 1,941 | 2024 | 1,748 | 2022 | 1,664 | 2021 |
Kyrgyzstan | Asia | 1,922 | 2024 | 1,655 | 2022 | 1,339 | 2021 |
Ethiopia | Africa | 1,910 | 2024 | 1,028 | 2022 | 825 | 2021 |
Senegal | Africa | 1,900 | 2024 | 1,599 | 2022 | 1,637 | 2021 |
Cameroon | Africa | 1,815 | 2024 | 1,564 | 2022 | 1,668 | 2021 |
Guinea | Africa | 1,651 | 2024 | 1,515 | 2022 | 1,185 | 2021 |
Benin | Africa | 1,512 | 2024 | 1,303 | 2022 | 1,361 | 2021 |
Pakistan | Asia | 1,461 | 2023 | 1,589 | 2022 | 1,480 | 2021 |
East Timor | Asia | 1,454 | 2024 | 2,389 | 2022 | 1,517 | 2021 |
Zambia | Africa | 1,413 | 2024 | 1,457 | 2022 | 1,095 | 2021 |
Nepal | Asia | 1,397 | 2024 | 1,337 | 2022 | 1,159 | 2021 |
Comoros | Africa | 1,384 | 2024 | 1,485 | 2022 | 1,631 | 2021 |
Tajikistan | Asia | 1,271 | 2024 | 1,054 | 2022 | 897 | 2021 |
Myanmar | Asia | 1,248 | 2024 | 1,149 | 2022 | 1,089 | 2021 |
Tanzania | Africa | 1,220 | 2024 | 1,193 | 2022 | 1,136 | [n 11] 2021 |
Uganda | Africa | 1,202 | 2024 | 964 | 2022 | 930 | 2021 |
Zanzibar | Africa | — | 1,192 | 2022 | 1,211 | 2021 | |
Nigeria | Africa | 1,110 | 2024 | 2,163 | 2022 | 2,019 | 2021 |
Lesotho | Africa | 1,107 | 2024 | 970 | 2022 | 1,040 | 2021 |
Guinea-Bissau | Africa | 1,087 | 2024 | 776 | 2022 | 759 | 2021 |
Togo | Africa | 1,058 | 2024 | 943 | 2022 | 944 | 2021 |
Chad | Africa | 1,014 | 2024 | 717 | 2022 | 955 | 2021 |
Rwanda | Africa | 989 | 2024 | 966 | 2022 | 822 | 2021 |
Gambia | Africa | 989 | 2024 | 808 | 2022 | 772 | 2021 |
Burkina Faso | Africa | 910 | 2024 | 830 | 2022 | 893 | 2021 |
Mali | Africa | 899 | 2024 | 833 | 2022 | 875 | 2021 |
Liberia | Africa | 855 | 2024 | 755 | 2022 | 471 | 2021 |
Somalia | Africa | 776 | 2024 | 592 | 2022 | 447 | 2021 |
DR Congo | Africa | 715 | 2024 | 654 | 2022 | 551 | 2021 |
Niger | Africa | 670 | 2024 | 585 | 2022 | 591 | 2021 |
Mozambique | Africa | 659 | 2024 | 558 | 2022 | 492 | 2021 |
North Korea | Asia | — | — | 654 | 2021 | ||
Eritrea | Africa | — | 644 | 2011 | 623 | 2021 | |
Sudan | Africa | 547 | 2024 | 1,102 | 2022 | 786 | 2021 |
Madagascar | Africa | 538 | 2024 | 517 | 2022 | 500 | 2021 |
Central African Republic | Africa | 538 | 2024 | 427 | 2022 | 461 | 2021 |
Sierra Leone | Africa | 527 | 2024 | 476 | 2022 | 505 | 2021 |
Yemen | Asia | 486 | 2024 | 650 | 2022 | 302 | 2021 |
Malawi | Africa | 481 | 2024 | 645 | 2022 | 613 | 2021 |
South Sudan | Africa | 422 | 2024 | 1,072 | 2015 | 400 | 2021 |
Afghanistan | Asia | 422 | 2022 | 356 | 2021 | 373 | 2021 |
Syria | Asia | — | 421 | 2021 | 925 | 2021 | |
Burundi | Africa | 230 | 2024 | 259 | 2022 | 311 | 2021 |
Notes:
Many of the leading GDP-per-capita (nominal) jurisdictions are tax havens whose economic data is artificially inflated by tax-driven corporate accounting entries.
For instance, the Irish GDP data above is subject to material distortion by the tax planning activities of foreign multinationals in Ireland. To address this, in 2017 the Central Bank of Ireland created "modified GNI" (or GNI*) as a more appropriate statistic, and the OECD and IMF have adopted it for Ireland. 2015 Irish GDP is 143% of 2015 Irish GNI*.
A stunning $12 trillion—almost 40 percent of all foreign direct investment positions globally—is completely artificial: it consists of financial investment passing through empty corporate shells with no real activity. These investments in empty corporate shells almost always pass through well-known tax havens. The eight major pass-through economies—the Netherlands, Luxembourg, Hong Kong SAR, the British Virgin Islands, Bermuda, the Cayman Islands, Ireland, and Singapore—host more than 85 percent of the world’s investment in special purpose entities, which are often set up for tax reasons.
Further discussion on this topic can be found in the List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita article.
A developed country, or high-income country, is a sovereign state that has a high quality of life, developed economy, and advanced technological infrastructure relative to other less industrialized nations. Most commonly, the criteria for evaluating the degree of economic development are the gross domestic product (GDP), gross national product (GNP), the per capita income, level of industrialization, amount of widespread infrastructure and general standard of living. Which criteria are to be used and which countries can be classified as being developed are subjects of debate. Different definitions of developed countries are provided by the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank; moreover, HDI ranking is used to reflect the composite index of life expectancy, education, and income per capita. Another commonly used measure of a developed country is the threshold of GDP (PPP) per capita of at least US$22,000. In 2023, 40 countries fit all four criteria, while an additional 15 countries fit three out of four.
The world economy or global economy is the economy of all humans in the world, referring to the global economic system, which includes all economic activities conducted both within and between nations, including production, consumption, economic management, work in general, financial transactions and trade of goods and services. In some contexts, the two terms are distinct: the "international" or "global economy" is measured separately and distinguished from national economies, while the "world economy" is simply an aggregate of the separate countries' measurements. Beyond the minimum standard concerning value in production, use and exchange, the definitions, representations, models and valuations of the world economy vary widely. It is inseparable from the geography and ecology of planet Earth.
The economy of North America comprises more than 596 million people in its 24 sovereign states and 15 dependent territories. It is marked by a sharp division between the predominantly English speaking countries of Canada and the United States, which are among the wealthiest and most developed nations in the world, and countries of Central America and the Caribbean in the former Latin America that are less developed. Mexico and Caribbean nations of the Commonwealth of Nations are between the economic extremes of the development of North America.
The gross national income (GNI), previously known as gross national product (GNP), is the total domestic and foreign output claimed by residents of a country, consisting of gross domestic product (GDP), plus factor incomes earned by foreign residents, minus income earned in the domestic economy by nonresidents.
An emerging market is a market that has some characteristics of a developed market, but does not fully meet its standards. This includes markets that may become developed markets in the future or were in the past. The term "frontier market" is used for developing countries with smaller, riskier, or more illiquid capital markets than "emerging". As of 2006, the economies of China and India are considered to be the largest emerging markets. According to The Economist, many people find the term outdated, but no new term has gained traction. Emerging market hedge fund capital reached a record new level in the first quarter of 2011 of $121 billion. Emerging market economies’ share of global PPP-adjusted GDP has risen from 27 percent in 1960 to around 53 percent by 2013. The ten largest emerging economies by nominal GDP are 5 of the 10 BRICS countries along with Indonesia, Mexico, Poland, South Korea, and Turkey.