July Monarchy
Kingdom governing France, 1830–1848 / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The July Monarchy (French: Monarchie de Juillet), officially the Kingdom of France (French: Royaume de France), was a liberal constitutional monarchy in France under Louis Philippe I, starting on 26 July 1830, with the July Revolution of 1830, and ending 23 February 1848, with the Revolution of 1848. It marks the end of the Bourbon Restoration (1814–1830). It began with the overthrow of the conservative government of Charles X, the last king of the main line House of Bourbon.
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Kingdom of France[lower-alpha 1] | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1830–1848 | |||||||||
| Motto: Ordre et liberté (French)[1] "Order and Liberty" | |||||||||
| Anthem: La Parisienne ("The Parisian") | |||||||||
 The Kingdom of France in 1839 | |||||||||
| Capital | Paris | ||||||||
| Religion | |||||||||
| Demonym(s) | French | ||||||||
| Government | Unitary parliamentary constitutional monarchy | ||||||||
| King | |||||||||
• 1830–1848 | Louis Philippe I | ||||||||
• 1848 | Louis Philippe II (disputed) | ||||||||
| President of the Council of Ministers | |||||||||
• 1830 (first) | Jacques Laffitte | ||||||||
• 1848 (last) | François Guizot | ||||||||
| Legislature | Parliament | ||||||||
| Chamber of Peers | |||||||||
| Chamber of Deputies | |||||||||
| History | |||||||||
| 26 July 1830 | |||||||||
| 7 August 1830 | |||||||||
| 23 February 1848 | |||||||||
| Currency | French franc | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| Today part of | France Algeria | ||||||||
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Louis Philippe, a member of the more liberal Orléans branch of the House of Bourbon, proclaimed himself as Roi des Français ("King of the French") rather than "King of France", emphasizing the popular origins of his reign. The king promised to follow the juste milieu, or the middle-of-the-road, avoiding the extremes of both the conservative supporters of Charles X and radicals on the left.
The July Monarchy was dominated by wealthy bourgeoisie and numerous former Napoleonic officials. It followed conservative policies, especially under the influence of François Guizot. The king promoted friendship with the United Kingdom and sponsored colonial expansion, notably the French conquest of Algeria. By 1848, a year in which many European states had a revolution, the king's popularity had collapsed, and he abdicated.