(1917-2002)

Who Was Edith Bouvier Beale?

A cousin of First Lady Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, Edith Bouvier Beale — known as "Little Edie" — was a socialite and model. Beale's mother suffered a series of family and financial problems so the impoverished mother and daughter withdrew to their estate which fell into extreme disrepair. A 1975 documentary entitled Grey Gardens made the pair into cult figures and fashion icons.

Early Life

Edith Bouvier Beale was born on November 7, 1917, in New York, New York, as the eldest of Phelan and Edith Ewing Beale's three children. A first cousin to Jacqueline (Bouvier) Kennedy Onassis, "Little Edie," as she was known, knew only affluence. The Bouviers earned their fortunes on Wall Street and in law, paving the way for a lifestyle that allowed Little Edie and her two brothers to have a childhood that bounced between Manhattan and the Hamptons. In the early 1920s, Edie's father moved the family into a new summer home called Grey Gardens, a spectacular 28-room mansion with water views.

Like her mother, a creative type who harbored dreams of becoming a singer, Beale had artistic yearnings. At the age of 9 a poem of hers was published in a local New York magazine, spawning a desire to become a writer. Yet her real love, despite her father's deep objections, was for the stage — something that was almost certainly fueled by her relationship with her mother.

At the age of 11, Beale was taken out of school for two years by her mother for what was described as a respiratory illness. Instead of class work, Little Edie tagged along to the movies or the theater with her mother nearly everyday.

Blonde, blue-eyed and tall, Beale was a beauty, "surpassing even the dark charm of Jacqueline," recalled her cousin, John H. Davis. In 1934, the same year she attended Miss Porter's finishing school in Farmington, Connecticut, Beale modeled for Macy's. Two years later, her debutante party in New York City was covered by The New York Times. She participated in fashion shows in East Hampton, too, and by her early 20s Edie Beale had earned the nickname, "Body Beautiful." She dated Howard Hughes, and reportedly turned down marriage proposals from John Kennedy's oldest brother, Joe Jr., and millionaire J. Paul Getty.

As a young adult, Beale took up residence at the Barbizon Hotel in New York City, a residential hotel that catered to women who wanted to be actresses or models. As Edie Beale would later tell it, it was a time of opportunity for her. There was more modeling work to pursue and within time, Edie said, movie offers from MGM and Paramount studios.

Family Problems

The limelight, though, would have to wait. By the mid 1930s, Phelan Beale had left Edie's mother for a younger woman. The couple's eventual divorce gave Big Edie Grey Gardens, child support, and not much else. To keep the household going, Edie Ewing Beale leaned on her father for financial assistance and sold family heirlooms.

On her own, without a husband to try and drag her to the Hampton cocktail parties she had no interest in attending in the first place, Big Edie's singing aspirations only strengthened. She frequented clubs, and even recorded a few songs. In 1942 she showed up late to her son's wedding, dressed as an opera singer. Her father, "Major" John Vernou Bouvier, Jr. was appalled and soon cut her out of his will.

Without the money to support her or her house, Edie Ewing Beal's life at Grey Gardens fell into disrepair. In 1952, at Big Edie's calling, Little Edie returned home from New York City to take care of her mom. She wouldn't leave again until Big Edie's death in 1977.

Reclusive Lifestyle

For the next two decades, Beale and her mother became increasingly reclusive, rarely venturing outside their property. Grey Gardens itself continued to slide downward, too, becoming the domain of stray cats — later estimates would put the count as high as 300 — and raccoons, both of which Beale took care to feed on a regular basis. Bills went unpaid and the two women subsided, in part, on cat food. In one memorable photograph, Beale stands in front of a mound of discarded cat food cans measuring several feet in height. The exterior of the property changed as well; unkempt trees, shrubs and vines closed in around the house.

In the fall of 1971 County officials, armed with a search warrant, descended on Grey Gardens. They informed Beale and her mother that their home was "unfit for human habitation" and threatened eviction. The story, and the close family connection the two women had with Kennedy Onassis, caught fire with the press. The New York Post ran the headline, "Jackie's Aunt Told: Clean Up Mansion."

Big Edie and Little Edie railed against the threats, calling the visit by County officials a "raid" and the product of "a mean, nasty Republican town." "We're artists against the bureaucrats," Edie Beale said. "Mother's French operetta. I dance, I write poetry, I sketch. But that doesn't mean we're crazy." Eventually, Kennedy Onassis stepped in with her checkbook, paying $25,000 to have the place cleaned up — on the condition that her aunt and cousin could remain in their home.

Grey Gardens

In the fall of 1973, filmmakers David and Albert Maysles started shooting their documentary on Edie Beale and her mother. The film, which was released in 1975 to wide acclaim, showed a Grey Gardens that had virtually reverted back to its pre-cleanup squalor. But audiences and most critics took to the unique Beales. Amid the trash and the cats, Little Edie paraded around in high heels, dancing in front of the camera as she lamented her missed chances at true fame.

Beale's style was also a popular part of the film, in particular the improvised head wraps — towels, shirts, and scarves — she used to constantly adorn her head. The coverings weren't designed for style, but as a way to conceal hair loss from the alopecia she developed in her early 20s. The effect, though, was a look that earned adulation. Calvin Klein reportedly claimed Little Edie's look influenced some of his designs, and in 1997 Harper's Bazaar produced a photo spread that was inspired by Edie Beale's clothing creations.

Later Years and Death

Following her mother's death in February 1977, Edie Beale left Grey Gardens for New York City, where she had a short run as a cabaret singer at a club in Greenwich Village. She sang, danced and answered questions about her life from the audience. Little Edie brushed aside any notions that she was being exploited. "This is something I've been planning since I was 19," she said. "I don't care what they say about me—I'm just going to have a ball."

In 1979, Edie Beale sold Grey Gardens to Washington Post editors Ben Bradlee and Sally Quinn for a little more than $220,000 and a promise from the couple to restore it. Eventually, Little Edie relocated to Florida, where she rented an apartment in Bal Harbour. She died there on January 14, 2002. She was 84.

Grey Gardens and the life that Edie Beale and her mother led there, has continued to endure. In recent years a crop of new material about the women has been produced, including a 2006 DVD release of The Beales of Grey Gardens featuring more than 90 minutes of cut material from the original Maysles brothers documentary.

In addition, Edie Beal and her mother's life together inspired a Broadway musical that earned three 2007 Tony awards, as well as a 2009 HBO production starring Drew Barrymore as Little Edie and Jessica Lange as Big Edie. In the end, the 1975 documentary, which in 2003 Entertainment Weekly ranked as one of the top 50 cult films of all time, gave Edie Beale and her mother the kind of fame they'd always longed for.

QUICK FACTS

Name: EdithBouvier Beale
Birth Year: 1917
Birth date: November 7, 1917
Birth State: New York
Birth City: New York
Birth Country: United States
Gender: Female
Best Known For: Edith Bouvier Beale ("Little Edie") was an eccentric cousin of Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis. She became a cult figure and fashion icon after her appearance in the documentary 'Grey Gardens.'
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