food safety和food security有什么区别？怎么翻译才准确？

简单滴说一下我的看法。

个人认为food safety 大体对应中文里的“食品安全”，就是说你喝的奶里面有没有三聚氰胺，你吃的番茄酱里面有没有苏丹红blahblahblah，而food security是一个更加高大上的话题，比如说在非洲这种充满了饥饿的地方，是不是保留了足够的可耕地用来种粮食？是不是有太多的武装冲突破坏了农业发展导致粮食短缺？世界粮食的价格能不能保障最穷的人吃上饭blahblahblah这些的…

嗯，大体就这样了……

Food security 和food safety有什么区别？

Foo security 和food safety常见的翻译为“粮食安全”或者“食品安全”，译文看上去没有区别，但是实际上“Foo security”和food safety是有区别的。既然汉语两者看上去没有区别，我们不妨来查一下它们的英英解释：

（1）Food safety: Food safety is the need for people to have food that is free of contamination.

或者：Food safety is about handling, storing and preparing food to prevent infection and help to make sure that our food keeps enough nutrients for us to have a healthy diet.

总结，food safety指的是食物或者粮食干净卫生，健康，吃了有营养，不生病。

例句：
From a food safety standpoint, if you have millions or more bacteria on a surface, 0. 1% is still enough to make you sick.

从食品安全的角度来看，如果一个东西表面上有数百万或更多的细菌，那它们当中的0.1%都足够让你生病了。

（2）再来看看food security;

Food security: Food security is a condition related to the ongoing availability of food.

或者：Food security means having, at all times, both physical and economic access to sufficient food to meet dietary needs for a productive and healthy life.

总结，food security是指一直都有粮食、食物、食品吃。

例句：

If we are to survive the coming food security storm, we will have to embrace unashamedly industrial methods of farming.

如果要安全度过未来的粮食安全危机，我们就必须问心无愧地接受工业化的养殖方法。

最后，在笔者看来，food safety更应该翻译为：食品安全或者食品卫生；food security应该翻译为：粮食安全或者粮食保障

作者：蝎子，一个工地上成长起来的CATTI一级笔译

公众号：知行合译工作室