为什么在 Quora 上有韩国网友不止一次地说中国汉服是从韩服抄袭过来的？

前些日子在韩史群里闲聊的时候，某个朋友拿出了这样一张图。眼尖的朋友应该看得出来，这里面配的古画是《清明上河图》里的一部分。

那么韩国为什么要截取这一块加在教学书里呢，很简单，他们就认为里面这个戴斗笠的是高丽人......解读一下的话大概就是“大宋汴京街头的高丽人被画进《清明上河图》，是不是很厉害？”的这种心态。

说实话，以宋朝后期对高丽的热情来说，汴京有一堆高丽人都是正常的。但你虚头巴脑硬要从《清明上河图》找这么一个虚无缥缈的证据，真的令人大跌眼镜。

而且类似的情况在学界也有存在。今年江苏人民出版社翻译引进了一部韩国研究宋朝与高丽关系史的作品，李镇汉老师的《高丽时代宋商往来研究》。书里，李镇汉老师专门花了一个章节来辨析谣言，什么谣言呢，高丽跟阿拉伯（大食）有密切的商业往来。

先别骂，高丽跟阿拉伯商人有贸易是真的，《高丽史》里明确记载过。但就如昙花一二现，此后再也没出现......

可现在韩国有些所谓的学者就硬要以此为据，幻想出一批始终穿梭于高丽港口的阿拉伯人，想来证明高丽王朝是多么威名远播。

2017年的时候，为了庆祝中韩建交25周年，浙江大学跟韩国高等教育财团一起合作出了一套《高丽画全集》，收录了很多散失欧美的高丽王朝时期的佛画。

然而，参与此书出版的某相关人士事后却发文吐槽，说这套书里“绝大多数画，无法确定是高丽画，根据过往的流传信息，多数可能是中国画或日本画。最后将画硬生生考证为高丽画的，全部是韩国人。”

作为一个对半岛历史还稍微有点了解的人，我确定的说韩国人在历史上的敏感与夸张是大家都耳闻目睹的事实。但如果认为韩国只针对中国，那大家伙还是太小瞧他们了。世界各国的教科书，但凡有提及半岛史的，几乎都会被韩国审查。如果发现有不合心意的“历史错误”，则立刻动用外交手段解决。甚至还和当年本朝的“帝吧出征”类似，有一大批中学生自发成立团体参与监管活动。

本人所在的企业前年就因为在app上将“朝鲜王朝”称作“李氏朝鲜”，而被韩国文化体育观光部发函警告过。

客观地说，如果韩国不这么见缝插针的到处找存在感，我相信多数国人对他的印象要比对日本好得多。

大家拿去用，这可不是什么半岛野史，都是半岛正史中的正史。直接糊脸让他们看看他们认为祖先是怎么说的。前面是图片版，后面是文字版。补充了一些高赞回答里没有的文献。

至眞徳在位二年金春秋入唐請襲唐儀.玄宗皇帝詔可之兼賜衣帶.遂還來施行以夷易華文武王在位四年又革婦人之服自此已後衣冠同於中國.

From《三國史記》(삼국사기)(Samguk Sagi) by Kim Busik(김부식/金富軾)(1075-1151)

Translation

In the second year of the reign of Queen Jindeok(眞徳女王/진덕여왕)(648), Kim Chunchu(金春秋/김춘추) entered the Tang Empire and entreated to follow the Tang's custom. Emperor Tangxuanzong(唐玄宗) approved and granted him with clothes. Kim Chunchu returned and implemented this system, changing the customs of the savage to Chinese style. In the fourth year of the reign of King Munmu(文武王/문무왕)(664), the clothes system of women was also revised, and so the clothes system became the same as in China...

東國, 自三韓, 儀章服飾循習土風, 至新羅太宗王, 請襲唐儀, 是後, 冠服之制, 稍擬中華.

From《高麗史•輿服誌》(고려사•여복지)(History of Goryeo)by Jeong Yinji(정인지/鄭麟趾)(1396-1478), the official writer for recording history of the Goryeo Dynasty.

Translation

We eastern country(Goryeo)'s costume system followed indigenous original style from the Three Han period, till the King Taejong of Silla decided to follow the costume system of Tang dynasty, our costume system resembles Chinese.

事元以來, 開剃辮髮, 襲胡服, 殆將百年, 及大明太祖高皇帝, 賜恭愍王冕服, 王妃·群臣, 亦皆有賜, 自是, 衣冠文物, 煥然復新, 彬彬乎古矣.

From《高麗史•輿服誌》(고려사•여복지)(History of Goryeo)by Jeong Yinji(정인지/鄭麟趾)(1396-1478), the official writer for recording history of the Goryeo Dynasty.

Translation

When Goryeo was under the ruling of Mongolia/Yuan, we changed our hairstyle and wore savage's clothes and lasted for about one hundred years. Till the emperor of Ming granted the clothes to our Goryeo King, the concubine and officials as well, so our clothes and antiques renewed and we are doing what our ancestors do again (following the Chinese style again)

惟我東方, 舊慕唐風, 文物禮樂, 悉遵其制...契丹是禽獸之國, 風俗不同, 言語亦異, 衣冠制度, 愼勿效焉.

From "訓要十條"(훈요십조)(Ten Instructions)

By Wang Geon(왕건/王建)(877-943), the first King of the Goryeo Dynasty.

Translation

All the systems of antiques/articles, rituals, instruments of our country are following the Tang dynasty (of course the costume system is included in)...Khitan is a country of animals, we are different from them in custom and language, and we should not learn the costume system from Khitan.

祖宗衣冠禮樂, 悉遵唐制, 迨至元朝, 壓於時王之制, 變華從戎, 上下不辨, 民志不定. 我玄陵憤上下之無等, 赫然有志於用夏變夷, 追復祖宗之盛. 上表天朝, 請革胡服, 未幾上賓. 上王繼志得請, 中爲執政所改. 殿下卽位, 親服華制, 與一國臣民, 渙然更始, 而尙猶不順其品制, 以梗惟新之政.

From "陳時務疏"(진시무소) by the civil servant Jo Jun (조준/趙浚)(1346-1405) of Goryeo dynasty.

Partial Translation

Our ancestors' costume, hat, ritual, instrument system were all following the Tang dynasty and we were forced to become savage instead of Chinese when we were under the ruling of Yuan/Mongolian…we entreat Ming emperor to let us terminate the savage Mongolian style…Till our King ascended the throne and he started to wear like Chinese costume system in person with all the officials and people around the country…

況朝鮮, 昔周武封箕子之地, 居中國之東, 世篤忠貞, 悅貢王家, 衣冠書籍, 實同華夏之制, 此禮義之鄕也。

From《朝鮮王朝實錄》(조선왕조실록)(Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty)

Translation

Korea was the land of Gija granted by the King Zhouwu, standing in the east of China, and delighted to pay tributes to the royals of China, the clothes and books are as same as China, so Korea is a country of benevolence.

我國衣服、紗帽、梁冠, 旣用華制, 則耳掩亦用夏, 一變爲當。

From《朝鮮王朝實錄》(조선왕조실록)(Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty)

Translation

Our country's clothes, hats, crowns are the Chinese standard, so it's appropriate for nambawi to follow the Chinese standard as well.

天子宣威及海濱，衣冠法制已敷陳。著新革舊何其速，外國人為中國人。自古三韓事大邦，從循典禮不蒙狵。得逢風教重興日，方信殊方盡可降。

By Won Cheonseok(원천석/元天錫)(1330-after1394) who was described as "the history of poetry" in Korea.

Translation

The Ming emperor's prestige has arrived at the seaside(Korea) with the detailed costume and ritual systems.

We change our costume from the Yuan style to Chinese style so fastly, although we Koreans are foreigners to China, we resemble Chinese.

Three Han(Korea) is a vassal of China since ancient time, and we always follow the right standard.

I believe the restoration of Chinese ritual and culture will let the surrounding countries become the vassals of Ming/China again.

禮服樂器，示華制於方來.

By Li Saek (이색/李穡)(1320-1396) a well-known civil servant of ancient Korea.

Translation:

Our ritual, costume and instrument systems are as the same standard as China...

蓋我朝鮮地雖海外，衣冠文物悉同中國。

By Choe Bu(최부/崔溥)(1454-1504), a Korean official during the Joseon Dynasty.

Translation

Although our Korea is outside of China, but our costumes and etiquette are same as China.

明皇若問三韓事，衣冠文物上國同。

By Seo Geojeong(서거정/徐居正)(1420-1492), a poet.

Translation

If emperor of Ming asked about Three Han (삼한), answer to him that our costume and etiquette are the same as our suzerain(상국,종주국).

為中國之番邦，故歷代親信於中國，受封爵，朝貢不絕，禮儀之道不缺，衣冠制度，悉同於中國各代之制，故曰："詩書禮儀之邦，仁義之國也"。

By Seo Geojeong(서거정/徐居正)(1420-1492), a poet.

Translation

(Korea/Joseon) is a vassal of China, so we are in good relationship with China from generation to generation, our kings are appointed by Chinese emperors, and we pay the continuous tribute to China. Korea is a country of ceremonies and our costume systems has been as the same as each dynasty of China, so it says: Korea is a country of poetry, literature, benevolence and justice.​​​​

还有些韩国人会在没有任何证据的情况下直接说清明上河图上面的一个是高丽人，这个连韩国专家自己都否认过，这就是碰瓷啊。就像指着埃及壁画说上面的是我国人。即使那真的是高丽人，那帽子一样也可能是在宋国买的，而且上面说了新罗时期就已经是唐制的。那种帽子我们更早的画里就有了。