联合国制裁名单、美国制裁名单、OFAC 制裁名单有什么区别？

目前联合国、美国、欧盟，甚至日本、俄罗斯、澳大利亚、英国都有各自的制裁政策。例如，目前欧盟就仍对中国实施武器禁运的制裁。

一、联合国制裁

联合国成员通过决议对部分国家的个人或实体实施制裁。但是联合国的决议效力并不直接及于成员国内的个人、企业等主体。而是通过转化为国内法律法规实现制裁效果。中国是通过外交部转发联合国决议的形式告知各单位遵守联合国的制裁规定。

联合国制裁名单请见：

二、美国制裁

OFAC制裁名单：

美国对外制裁通过美国财政部海外资产控制办公室(The Office of Foreign Assets Control of the US Department of the Treasury,即OFAC)单方面对部分国家进行制裁，该制裁属于单边制裁，而且范围要大于联合国的制裁名单。但是美国的制裁比较具有威力。美国的制裁措施有主要制裁（Primary Sanction）和次级制裁(Secondary Sanction)之分。主要制裁是针对美国主体的，例如美国企业、美国自然人、在美国领土的别国人或企业。但是次级制裁就是针对非美国主体了，比如世界各国的企业、自然人。次级制裁主要是针对伊朗而实施的。比如，中国的一家企业不顾美国对伊朗的制裁措施，而与被列入美国OFAC发布的SDN名单中的实体开展交易，或者使用美元，通过美国金融机构与伊朗主体开展交易，都会遭受美国制裁。比如欧洲法巴银行、中国昆仑银行以及部分石油国企就被美国制裁了。制裁的后果包括，不允许美国的企业向其融资，不允许政府采购，甚至巨额罚款。好在2016年1月26日之后，JCPOA计划实施之后，大部分针对非美国主体的制裁措施已经暂时中止。但美国制裁措施就像一张巨大而细密的网，稍有不慎就可能违反。因此，欧洲金融机构由于被巨额处罚了好多次，面对美国制裁额外谨慎。

并不是说我国企业与被列入OFAC的制裁名单中的企业或个人开展交易就不能开展，而要根据其制裁措施，具体情况具体分析。在欧美的金融机构里面，有专门的团队审核每笔业务的制裁风险。而且欧美从事合规业务的律师事务所，专门提供相关业务的制裁风险筛查。

A recommended good answer.

OFAC sanctions including Listed-Based Sanctions and Comprehensive Sanctions. Under Comprehensive Sanctions, most dealings related to targeted countries will be embargoed. Like Crimea of Ukraine and Iran. Under Listed-Based Sanctions, there are Specially Designated Nationals (SDN) and Sectoral Sanctions Identification (SSI).

SDN：As part of its enforcement efforts, OFAC publishes a list of individuals and companies owned or controlled by, or acting for or on behalf of, targeted countries. It also lists individuals, groups, and entities, such as terrorists and narcotics traffickers designated under programs that are not country-specific. Collectively, such individuals and companies are called "Specially Designated Nationals" or "SDNs." Their assets are blocked and U.S. persons are generally prohibited from dealing with them. Click

for more information on Treasury's Sanctions Programs. Re SDN List, see

. This quora link recommended:

SSI: OFAC publishes a list to identify persons operating in sectors of the Russian economy identified by the Secretary of the Treasury pursuant to Executive Order 13662. Directives found within the list describe prohibitions on dealings with the persons identified. Click here for a list of frequently asked questions on Sectoral Sanctions Identifications, including information on dealings with SSIs.The SSI List is not part of the Specially Designated Nationals (SDN) List. However, individuals and companies on the SSI List may also appear on the SDN List. Re SSI List, see https://www.treasury.gov/ofac/downloads/ssi/ssi.pdf.

In terms of EU sanctions, targeted sactions are mainly asset freezing and travel restriction on CERTAIN individuals and entities, rather than a country. In terms of EU More Comprehensive Sanctions, there will be more extensive prohibations on trade and investment. Like Belarus and North Korea. Re EU sanctions in force, see http://eeas.europa.eu/cfsp/sanctions/docs/measures_en.pdf. Re personal name under sanction, see http://ec.europa.eu/external_relations/cfsp/sanctions/list/version4/global/global.xml.