以下轉貼自一位醫生的部落格
她在部落格中特別給予去印度的旅人一些藥物建議
不知去過的人 是怎麼想的
Travel Recommendations for India
Dear Googlers, Before packing for India please consider the following
recommendations per CDC site:
Booster doses for tetanus-
diphtheria (1 shot)---if your last one was more than 10 years ago.
polio (shot) one time only needed as an adult, and
measles, one time booster if you have not had MMR(
measles,mumps,rubella) which is usually given prior to entering college. Please note that measles is a live vaccine unlike all the others, and it should not be given to pregnant women or to those with immunosupression.
Hepatitis A (shot) ---ideally
should be given 4 weeks prior to your trip. The first dose will start protecting you maximally in 4 weeks. You will need a second shot in 6-12 months to be protected long term.
Typhoid (pills)---4 tablets which are taken 1 every other day, and will be good for 5 years. It should be taken
at least 2 weeks before the trip or sooner. Note that these pills should be refrigerated.
Hepatitis B---a series of 3 shots 2 of which are
given 4 weeks apart and the third is given in 6 months. You should get the
first 2 shots before departure. This is especially recommended if you might be exposed to blood or body fluids (for example, health-care workers), have sexual contact with the local population, or be exposed through medical treatment.
Hepatitis A/B combination may also be given. This follows the same schedule as hepatitis B shots.
MALARIA PILLS, 2 most commonly prescribed are the following but only one is needed:
>
MALARONE (atovaquone and proguanil hydrochloride)---
taken one a day starting one day before entering India and continuing every day until 7 days after you have left India.
>
LARIAM (Mefloquine)---
taken one a week, starting one week before entering India and continuing for 4 weeks after leaving India. This is not recommended for people with depression. It has also been associated with vivid dreams.
Ciprofloxacin or equivalent antibiotic to have just
in case of traveler's diarrhea. If diarrhea occurs and is lasting more than 24 hours or is associated with blood or fever then take one tablet of Cipro twice a day for 3 days.
Depending on your itinerary other vaccines to consider are:
Japanese encephalitis, if you plan to visit rural farming areas and under special circumstances, such as a known outbreak of Japanese encephalitis.
Rabies, if you might have extensive unprotected outdoor exposure in rural areas, such as might occur during camping, hiking, or bicycling, or engaging in certain occupational activities.
TB (tuberculosis) test should be considered after your trip especially if you visit India frequently or if you are staying there for one month or longer.
Over the counter medications to consider depending on your needs:
Imodium for diarrhea.
Diphenhydramine(Benadryl) for allergic reactions, motion sickness, nausea, and as sleep aid. Hydrocortisone for skin reactions.
Sudafed for congestion, especially if before a flight.
Acetominophen(Tylenol), Ibuprofen(Advil) or other anti-inflammatory medication.
DEET containing mosquito repellant.
Additional information: see the Safe Food and Water page for a list of links. Consider DEET permeated clothing, and wearing long sleeves and pants when outside at dusk or dawn which are feeding times for mosquitos.
Please consult your doctors for any specific questions or if you are pregnant.
And if you really want to avoid the vaccines then check with your doctor, parents, or your old records to see if any of your shots are documented and up to date.
原文出處:
http://dr-razavi.blogspot.com/2006/03/travel-recommendations-for-india.html