IRB和6N的教練承諾解決scrum問題

(IRB and 6N coaches commit to tackling scrum)

 

本文譯自IRB.COM 2011年1月26日星期三譯者:辛久銘於林口

圖:參加六國聯賽(Six Nations)各國教練保證與國際橄欖球理事會(IRB)合作,在高層級比賽(t the elite level)提供穩定scrum.

Coaches from the Six Nations participants pledge to work with the IRB to deliver a stable scrum platform at the elite level

 

參加六國聯賽(Six Nations)各國協會教練們表示背後支持IRB的承諾,來著重在高層級比賽(the elite level)裡scrum衍生種種問題.

Coaches from the RBS Six Nations participating Unions have thrown their support behind the IRB’s commitment to address scrum issues at the elite level of the Game.

目前在第1層級國際測試賽(Tier 1 internationals )(註1)裏有60％的scrums崩塌(collapse),40％的scrums都必須重新組架(reset),然而完成一個 Scrum平均所花時間,已經從 41秒升到53秒.
Currently 60% of all scrums collapse in Tier 1 internationals and 40% of scrums are required to be reset while the average time taken to complete a scrum has risen from 41 seconds to 53.

自從去年介紹引進scrum組架序列(engagement sequence)新思維,儘管scrums崩塌(collapses)和重新組架(resets)的數量,略有下降,國際橄欖球理事會仍然決心解決這項問題,確保在比賽這關鍵的一面是一大看點,且附有競爭性的意味(a spectacle and a contest).
Despite a slight decrease in the number of collapses and resets since the new engagement sequence was introduced last year, the IRB remains determined to tackle the issues and ensure that this critical facet of the Game is a spectacle and a contest.

元月25日星期二晚上,在倫敦一個非常積極和富有成效的座談會(forum),來自英國,法國,愛爾蘭,意大利,蘇格蘭和威爾士等6國教練們,保證與國際橄欖球理事會(IRB)合作,提供一個穩定的Scrum平台.
Coaching representatives from England, France, Ireland, Italy, Scotland and Wales pledged to work with the IRB to deliver a stable scrum platform at a highly positive and productive forum in London on Tuesday evening.

除了表達他們支持的Scrum組架序列,教練也給了他們的支持IRB的政策-- Scrum規則條文下嚴格的執行應用,包括確保傳鋒直進投入Scrum( straight put-ins)(註2). 教練還支持IRB政策明文規定裁判應該嚴厲處罰非法前排夾紮,一致強調確保緊頭方支柱(tight head prop)夾紮鬆頭方支柱(loose head prop)的身體上,而不是手臂(arm),同時鬆頭方支柱採取正確的身體位置,且夾紮敵方緊頭方支柱的身體.
In addition to expressing their support for the scrum engagement sequence, the coaches also gave their backing to the IRB’s policy of the strict application of scrum Law, including ensuring straight put-ins. The coaches also support the IRB policy which mandates that referees should crack down on illegal front row binding with a collective emphasis on ensuring that the tight head prop binds on the body of the loose head prop and not the arm and the loose head prop adopts the correct body position and binds on the body of the opposition tight head.

這種合作探討方式將是重要的關鍵,來協助提出scrum方面種種的難題. 去年一個類似的探討方式,獲得所有第1層級(Tier 1)教練的同意,引導來嚴加處罰在規則這些關鍵領域：

(1)在breakdown的越位 (offside at the breakdown);(註3)

(2踢球後越位(offside from kicks);(註4)

(3)不合法mau形成(illegal maul formation);(註5)

(4)tackle規則的嚴格執行應用.( strict application of the tackle Law).

裁判嚴格處罰上面這五項(尚包括scrum組架序列和崩塌) 的結果,比賽又回歸到攻擊性橄欖球(attacking Rugby),有看頭.
This collaborative approach will be critical in assisting to address the problematic aspects of the scrum. Last year a similar approach agreed by all Tier 1 coaches led to a crackdown in key areas of Law: offside at the breakdown; offside from kicks; illegal maul formation and strict application of the tackle Law. This resulted in a return to attacking Rugby.

“這次會議是非常建設性的和高生產力.大家都覺得它有益於比賽,這是令人鼓舞的看到各國教練們普遍認同,對需要繼續懲罰明確又明顯的五個關鍵領域的規則，特別是需要強調Scrum的問題, Scrum這個問題目前在高層級比賽試驗過.“IRB裁判組長Paddy O'Brien說
"The meeting was extremely constructive and highly productive. All found it beneficial and it was encouraging to see universal agreement from the coaches about the need to continue to penalise the clear and the obvious in the five key areas of Law and in particular the need to address the scrum issues that are currently experienced at elite level,” said IRB Referee Manager Paddy O'Brien.

“我們感到鼓舞的是團隊承認有集體責任,以確保大量的崩塌和重新組架降低. 教練們表示他們全力支持裁判採用零容忍政策(zero tolerance policy),對參與scrum組架違法行為(engagement offences),並給予一個承諾,他們的團隊將努力遵從要正確夾紮來產生一個穩定不搖的scrum. Scrum是比賽的一個完整的畫面,我們可以共同合作針對這些議題,同時確保球員的福利(player welfare)仍然是最重要的考量因素.“
“We are encouraged that teams recognise there is a collective responsibility to ensure that the high number of collapses and resets is reduced. The coaches expressed their full support for referees to employ a zero tolerance policy towards engagement offences and have given a commitment that their teams will endeavour to be compliant in producing a stable, steady scrum by binding correctly. The scrum is an integral facet of the Game and by working together we can target the issues while ensuring that player welfare continues to be the most important consideration.”

一個指令將發文給所有各國協會加強這項信息. 教練座談會已經成為一項例行性的議程,時間在蘇格蘭皇家銀行六國聯賽(RBS Six Nations),三國聯賽(Tri Nations),六月和十一月國際測試賽等各比賽之前,並強調IRB的承諾,建立一個開放和透明的過程,在IRB和它的成員各國協會之間的合作與溝通,在各個領域的裁判法練習.

A directive will be issued to all Unions reinforcing the message. The coaches forum has become a regular fixture ahead of the RBS Six Nations, Tri Nations, June and November Tests and underscores the IRB's commitment to an open and transparent process of collaboration and communication between the IRB and its Member Unions in all areas of refereeing practice.

 

註1: 世界排名前10名的國際測試賽像北半球六國聯賽南半球三國聯賽

註2: 傳鋒直進投入Scrum( straight put-ins).過去裁判睜一隻眼.閉一隻眼.忽略過去,有利於投球方.我們台灣昔稱”cunning ball”,現在稱” not straight”現在要求公平競爭,嚴格要求把球投直進入scrum

註3: breakdown是指 擒抱後狀況(after tackle).

行tackle的人(tackler)把持球敵方球員( the tackled player)擒抱倒地,此時叫做breakdown.

tackler要立刻放人且滾開, the tackled player要立刻釋放球(release the ball immediately),此時有假想越位線,以雙方兩腳所圍成長方形範圍. the tackled player要立刻釋放球在at the tackle( tackle點上) ,或near the tackle(在 tackle附近1公尺範圍).若是敵方第3者在the tackled player後方拿球,就是越位(offside).

若是the tackled player在tackle放球(offload)超過1公尺範圍,視同展開比賽(open play)傳球,在他後面的敵方球員可以截球.

breakdown只有允許倒地這兩人(tackler和 the tackled player)起身站立(on feet),就可直接拿球,不管tackler倒地後,在 the tackled player的前面或後面,在第3者未到達之前.

第3者要從己方球員正後方進入,不能從旁加入(from the side).此時球在地上,第3者可直接檢球(pick it up)就跑,若有敵方第4人身體要站立(on feet)進入,身體夾紮第3者,球在這兩人投影下,RUCK就成立,有越位線.因此breakdown是 ruck的前奏

註4:踢球後,在等候接球員範圍10公尺規則下越位(Off-side under the 10 Meter Law )嚴加取締,同時在10公尺外踢球員前面隊友,過去站立不動等待,不受處罰.今後(2009年7月)裁判要喊”後退”,這些越位球員要有後退動作,否則要判罰踢.鼓勵接球方持球跑反擊(counter attack).

註5:

在開球(kick off)或重開踢( restart)方面,接球員前方隊友不許從前面加入,阻礙對方. 在爭邊球(line-out)方面,跳球員(jumper)跳起接球,前後兩位揚升隊友(lifters),在敵方尚未接觸跳球員前,在前面夾紮,形成 maul,有阻礙對方捉拿跳球員之嫌..

**後記:

後輩接受橄欖球薰陶,感謝台南諸前輩黃茂卿醫生(殁),黃嘉祥主委(殁),翁讀勳主委(殁),蔡宮桂老師,邱漢生老師,許水野老師,及台南市出身台大莊仲仁教授,蔡玉吉教授(殁)等前輩栽培.

邱漢生老師著作,蔡宮桂老師校正”在位橄欖球”(On side rugby)這本書,由黃茂卿醫生,黃嘉祥主委,翁讀勳主委贊助”台南橄欖球基金會”發行.邱老師深入淺出,圖文並貌,啟發我對橄欖球規則的研究.

又許水野老師當時裁判長,於當日賽後批判指導,使我成為國家級裁判,功力大進.很榮幸能在重要比賽(大專甲組,全國運動會(台灣區運),大會賽等決賽,中港國際測試賽)執法.

服務台南市民德國中理化老師30年,擔任橄欖球隊志工,接受蔡宮桂老師(第1屆亞洲盃隨隊裁判,第13屆省運冠軍台南市隊長)的指導.

還有學校體育組長張東波老師(長中OB,前台灣神射腳國手張東英老師的長兄)全力支持,獲得全國大會賽國中組冠軍第29 30 34 36 43 56屆六次冠軍國中記錄.

也感謝管理組長葉福財老師(殁,前台南聯誼會會長葉福添長兄)與我攜手合作,共創30 34 36屆冠軍榮耀.

也感謝我民德國中的學生,努力團隊合作,共創佳績,陪伴我的人生,分享橄欖球的樂趣.還記得民德橄欖球隊隊歌最後一句"團結和犧牲,為校爭光".畢竟你我都做到了,留下美好的回憶,亦師亦友,永遠長存.

黃茂卿醫生和莊仲仁教授鼓勵我赴英國公費教練研習,打開我的國際視野的宏觀.

我台南一中隊長大福旅行社董事長歐明山(第一屆亞洲杯國手),出錢出力給母校台南延平國中,令人感佩.

前主委城燦樹,許宗輝,哈比,馬沙,萬國源(殁)諸前輩疼惜,無以回報.該感謝的橄欖球人太多,無法一一報謝,請見諒.

無怨無悔貢獻給我最愛的橄欖球.該努力的還很多,希望球友多多批評指教.