Toponymy

Toponymy is the study of place names (toponyms), their origins, meanings, use, and typology. ^[1]

1848 relations: -abad, -land, -onym, -up, -vac, Aach (surname), Aaigem, Abaeus, Abberton (surname), Abbots of Shrewsbury, ABC Chinese–English Dictionary, Abnoba mons, ABO blood group system, Acallam na Senórach, Acton Burnell, Acushnet River, Adderbury, Addingrove, Administrative divisions of Nazi Germany, Administrative divisions of Taiwan, Adria, Adrian Room, Agnafit, Agoge, Agua Dulce people, Aigburth, Aigrefeuille-d'Aunis, Aillarehue, Ailsworth, Ainu language, Aix-Marseille University, Akıncılar (disambiguation), Akköy, Akpınar, Akyazı (disambiguation), Ala (demon), Alaunus, Albanais, Albania (placename), Albanians in Bulgaria, Albert Dauzat, Albert Hale Sylvester, Albert Hugh Smith, Alberts Glacier, Albion, Albury, Oxfordshire, Alcains, Alcamo Marina, Alcácer do Sal, Aldridge (surname), ..., Aleksandr Matveyev (linguist), Alexander Vostokov, Alfonso de Palencia, Algirdas Julien Greimas, Algoma (placename), Alisanos, Alise-Sainte-Reine, All Cannings, Almeida (surname), Almoçageme, Alpine transhumance, Alrewas, Alsace, California, Alvim, Amaral, Amathusia, Ambleston, Ambrolauri, Ambrosden, Ambrosius Aurelianus, American and British English pronunciation differences, American English vocabulary, Amiens, Ampelocissus xizangensis, Anón, Ancient Belgian language, Ancient Corsica, Ancient Macedonian language, Andaman coucal, Andorra, Angelo Sabino, Anglicisation of names, Anglo, Anglo-Saxons, Angola, Animal epithet, Anjuk Ladang inscription, Ansty, Warwickshire, Antarctic Place-names Commission, Anthroponymy, Antithrombin, Antofagasta, Antokolsky, Apollo, Apopa, Apperley, Appiani family, Appleton, Oxfordshire, Appurtenance, Aquitanian language, Araújo, Aracynthias, Aram (region), Aram, son of Shem, Arameans, Arbat Street, Arbius, Arch of Malborghetto, Architecture of Birmingham, Arcos (Vila do Conde), Arcos de Valdevez, Arden (name), Ardencaple Castle, Ardennes (department), Ardley, Ardley (surname), Argentoratum, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Armington, Armorica, Arncott, Asgaut Steinnes, Ash, Dover District, Ashbury, Oxfordshire, Ashendon, Ashley Green, Asia, Aslak Bolt's cadastre, Assafarge, Asterleigh, Asti, Aston Abbotts, Aston Sandford, Aston Tirrold, Astures, Asturias, Ateshgah of Baku, Athena, Attenborough (surname), Aubignosc, Auerbach (surname), Auregnais, Authon, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Auxiliary sciences of history, Aveleda (Bragança), Averill, Awabakal, Ayala (surname), Aynho, Ḷ, Áncash Region, Äteritsiputeritsipuolilautatsijänkä, Æsir, Ætheling, Écréhous, Ó Creachmhaoil, Ödåkra, Újezd, Ústí (disambiguation), Über, Ēostre, Šibenik, Bacheldre, Badger, Shropshire, Bainton, Oxfordshire, Balikpapan, Ballina, New South Wales, Balsa (Roman town), Balsam of Peru, Balscote, Bandua, Banská Bystrica, Barad (name), Barapa Barapa, Barby, Northamptonshire, Bardon Hill, Barkham, Barlby, Barlow (surname), Barngarla people, Barousse valley, Barr (placename element), Barrigada, Barry (name), Barton Hartshorn, Barungguan, Basque language, Basque mythology, Bassersdorf, Bassignana, Batavianization, Battle of Bosworth Field, Battle of Głębokie, Battle of Guadalete, Battle of Valea Albă, Baulking, Bayworth, Bạch Long Vĩ island, Békásmegyer, Böszörmény, Beachampton, Beagle Channel cartography since 1881, Beckford (surname), Bediani (title), Begbroke, Begelly, Bell (surname), Bellegarde (surname), Belobog, Belzoni, Oklahoma, Bengeo, Benson, Oxfordshire, Beoley, Berger, Berkeley Hills, Berkswell, Bermudo Pérez de Traba, Bernardo O'Higgins, Berrylands, Besselsleigh, Bhandary, Bickenhill, Bicocca, Biddlesden, Bilingual sign, Billington, Bedfordshire, Birreencorragh, Birtsmorton Court, Bisceglie, Bishop's Itchington, Bitburg, Bix, Oxfordshire, Bjarmaland, Black swan emblems and popular culture, Blackthorn, Oxfordshire, Blasco Gardéliz de Ezcároz, Bledlow, Bletherston, Blo' Norton, Bloodworth (surname), Bloxham, Blumenberg (surname), BMT Canarsie Line, Boaventura, São Vicente, Božidar Finka, Bodilly, Bogue Banks, Bohringer, Borsboom, Botley, Oxfordshire, Bouea macrophylla, Bourton, Vale of White Horse, Bouzonville, Bovec, Bow Street, Ceredigion, Bozkath, Bradshaw, Greater Manchester, Brazilian Portuguese, Breedon on the Hill, Brenton, Bretton, Flintshire, Brewood, Brigantia (goddess), Brighthampton, Brightwell (surname), British Isles naming dispute, Brittonic languages, Brize Norton, Broadward, Brompton (surname), Bronnitsy, Brooks (surname), Brownie (folklore), Bruce Springsteen, Bucaná, Buckland, Buckinghamshire, Buckland, Oxfordshire, Bugeja, Bukovica pri Litiji, Bukovica pri Vodicah, Bukovica, Škofja Loka, Bukovica, Ivančna Gorica, Bukovica, Renče–Vogrsko, Bukovica, Ribnica, Bukowski (surname), Bulgarian exonyms, Bulgarian toponyms in Antarctica, Bulgarians in Albania, Bulgarians in Italy, Burdrop, Burford, Burgh, Burgh Castle Roman Site, Burghfield, Burmese language, Burnham, Buckinghamshire, Burpham, Burton, Dorset, Bus Driver's Prayer, Bushong, Butchulla, Buyla inscription, Byram, North Yorkshire, Cabin John, Maryland, Caergwrle, Caledonia, California English, Campaniacum, Canarian Spanish, Canzés dialect, Canzo, Capelas, Capitanejo (Ponce), Carantanians, Carballo, Carcassonne, Caribmap, Caron, Carta Pisana, Cartographic labeling, Cartography, Caryatid, Cascina a corte, Cassington, Castellan, Pembrokeshire, Castile (historical region), Castlebythe, Castor, Cambridgeshire, Cat's Ash, Catalogue of Ships, Cathan, Catmore, Cauquenes, Causantín mac Cináeda, Caversfield, Cîteaux Abbey, Celtiberians, Celtic deities, Celtic toponymy, Celts, Central Jersey, Cenydd, Cesar Chavez Boulevard (Portland, Oregon), Cetina, Chad of Mercia, Chambourg-sur-Indre, Chameria, Charlbury, Charles Rostaing, Charles Tyers, Charles's Cross, Charndon, Charter of the French Language, Charwelton, Chemin de Cocaigne, Cherwell Valley line, Chester (placename element), Chiado, Chianan Irrigation, Childrey, Chilson, Chilton, Buckinghamshire, Chimney, Oxfordshire, Chinese compound surname, Chinese exonyms, Chinnor, Chipping Warden, Chiprovtsi, Chirbury, Chiselhampton, Chornomorets, Christina of the Isles, Christmas Common, Chud, Church Stoke, Churchill, Oxfordshire, Churubusco, Indiana, Cill Ghallagáin, Cilrhedyn, Cilternsæte, Cimmerians, Cisco, Minnesota, City of Salt, Clan Cairns, Clan Craig, Clan Moffat, Clan Schaw, Clarbeston, Claros (surname), Claverdon, Clifton Hampden, Clungunford, Clunia, Coat of arms of Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Coedcanlas, Collingbourne Kingston, Columbia (name), Combe Martin, Commission de toponymie du Québec, Commission for the Determination of Place Names, Common Brittonic, Composite Gazetteer of Antarctica, Compton Beauchamp, Conall Gulban, Condom, Gers, Connah's Quay, Conquest of Majorca, Constantine II of Scotland, Constitution of Italy, Continental Celtic languages, Contursi Terme, Conversion of Kartli (chronicle), Coopernookia, Cornashamsogue, Corsica, Cortes, Bohol, Cosheston, Cossack Hetmanate, Costa Brava, Costa da Caparica, Coto Laurel, Cottisford, Councils of Clovesho, Crasta, Cratendune, Cretan Greek, Crinow, Croatian name, Cropredy, Crowell, Oxfordshire, Cruïlles, Monells i Sant Sadurní de l'Heura, Cucuphas, Cuddesdon, Culcheth and Glazebury, Culham, Culmington, Culture of Albania, Culverhouse, Culvestan, Cumbrian toponymy, Cunha, Cunt, Curetán, Cusco Region, Cuyamaca, California, Cuzcurrita de Río Tirón, Cynllibiwg, Cynopolis, Cyricus and Julitta, Dacia, Dacian language, Dahra Range, Dalitstan.org, Dallas (name), Danescourt, Danggali people, Dangu people, Danish language, Darcy (surname), Daugava, Dąbrowa Górnicza, Dąbrowski, Dean, Oxfordshire, Deddington, Deerhurst, Delaware, Delaware Valley, Demonym, Denchworth, Denton, Oxfordshire, Deportation of the Crimean Tatars, Dercolo, Dernbach, Westerwaldkreis, Deva, Gijón, Dexter Drumlin, Diauehi, Die Littauischen Wegeberichte, Diego Gutiérrez (cartographer), Diego López I de Haro, Dieppe maps, Dinas Emrys, Dindrane, Diogo de Silves, Distribution of Heliamphora, Ditchley, Divided regions, Divljana Monastery, Djab wurrung, Djadjawurrung, Dob (toponym), Dobbins Air Reserve Base, Dobrava (toponym), Dobruja, Dormston, Dorton, Dougga, Downley, Drayton Beauchamp, Drayton Parslow, Drayton, Cherwell, Drayton, Vale of White Horse, Drovers' road, Druineach, Dubrava, Dubrovnik, Dubrowna, Ducklington, Duke of Santa Cruz, Dumnonia, Dumnonii, Dungeness (headland), Dunham (surname), Dunhuang, Dunsden Green, Durrington, Wiltshire, Durston (surname), Duxford, Oxfordshire, Dyakovo culture, Dyirbal people, Dynasties in Chinese history, Dzerzhynsk, Earl De La Warr, Earl Lloyd-George of Dwyfor, Easington, Buckinghamshire, East Ardsley, East Challow, East Coast of the United States, East Germanic languages, East Hagbourne, East Prussia, East Turkestan, Easter Island, Easterton, Eaton Bray, Eber-Nari, Ebla tablets, Ecton, Northamptonshire, Edin (Sumerian term), Edistus, Edlesborough, Ef (Cyrillic), Egem, East Flanders, Egyptians, Eia, Eileithyia, Eilert Ekwall, Eindhoven, Eleutheria, Elina González Acha de Correa Morales, Ellistown and Battleflat, Elmet, Elztal, Emeterius and Celedonius, Emperor Jimmu, Encarta, Enewetak Atoll, English Bicknor, English county histories, English exonyms, English language in Europe, English Place-Name Society, English terms with diacritical marks, Eponym, Epwell, Eritrea, Erlangen, Ernest Nègre, Erromanga language, Erskine Beveridge, Ertel, Eschbach, Baden-Württemberg, Esperanto vocabulary, Esquivel, Estonia–India relations, Ettington, Etymology, Etymology of California, Euonymeia, Evanton, Evar Saar, Ewelme, Exlade Street, Eymoutiers, Fano, Gijón, Faringdon, Farm name, Faryab Province, Fascism in Europe, Fattypuffs and Thinifers, Fawley, Buckinghamshire, FC Karpaty Lviv, Feenstra, Fenari Isa Mosque, Fernando Pérez de Traba, Field name, Fifield, Oxfordshire, Figuig, Finchampstead, Fingal mac Gofraid, Finmere, Finnan, Finnveden, Flag of Friuli, Flavio Biondo, Flåm, Fleet Marston, Forcade, Foreign relations of India, Forest Hill, Oxfordshire, Forza d'Agrò, Francisco Hernández de Córdoba (Yucatán conquistador), Francisco Prestes Maia, Franco-Provençal language, Frankston, Victoria, Frasnes, Freeland, Oxfordshire, Freixo de Espada à Cinta, French cartography, French colonization of the Americas, French language in Vietnam, Frigg, Fringford, Frisby on the Wreake, Fritwell, Fulwell, Oxfordshire, Furrer, Gaelicisation, Gais, South Tyrol, Gaius Marcius Coriolanus, Gaius Valerius Troucillus, Gallaecian language, Galwegian Gaelic, García Garcés de Aza, Garford, Garza (surname), Gaube Lake, Gaulish language, Gawcott, Gaya language, Gazetteer, Geats, Geier (surname), Gelou, Genealogies of Genesis, Generations of Noah, GeoBase (geospatial data), Geographic information retrieval, Geographic name, Geographical renaming, Geography, Geography of Bermuda, GeoNames, Georeferencing, Georg Joachim Rheticus, George R. Stewart, Georgian name, German toponymy, Germanic personal names in Galicia, Germanic toponymy, Germanus of Auxerre, Gia tribe, Gilmerton, Gilmorton, Ginés de Lillo, Giovanni Capula, Giraut de Bornelh, Gjuro Szabo, Glasgow, Glockenkarkopf, Glossary of geography terms, Glossary of history, Godington, Gonzalo de Marañón, Goosey, Goosnargh, Gorizia, Gornji Žirovac, Gorzanów, Gradisca d'Isonzo, Graetz, Granadilla de Abona, Grande Terre, Grangegorman, Great Ashfield, Great Chishill, Great Coxwell, Great Milton, Great Moravia, Great Shefford, Great Tew, Greater India, Greatham, West Sussex, Greek language, Grendon Underwood, Grijzegrubben, Guananico, Guaraguao, Guarani alphabet, Guatemalan Spanish, Gueldaman caves, Gugadja, Guild of One-Name Studies, Guildford, Gulf of Tonkin, Gunbalanya, Northern Territory, Gunditjmara, Gusmão, Gustav Indrebø, Gutierre Tibón, Gyttorp, Habt, Hadda, Afghanistan, Haddenham, Buckinghamshire, Hailey, Oxfordshire, Hale, Greater Manchester, Hallow, Worcestershire, Hampsthwaite, Hampton Gay, Hampton Poyle, Hanja, Hanney, Hans Christoff von Königsmarck, Hanwell, Oxfordshire, Harbury, Hardwick, Cherwell, Harlow, Harriseahead, Hartley Wintney, Haruj, Hatcham, Hattic language, Hauts-de-France, Hautz, Hautza, Hayley, Hármashatárhegy, Headington, Hebden (surname), Hebraization of surnames, Hebron, Hecataeus of Miletus, Hedgerley, Hedsor, Helmdon, Helsingborg, Hemingbrough, Hempenstall, Herrschaft Schramberg, Hethe, Heussaff, Hexham, Highgate Common, Hilton (surname), Himmelpforten Convent, Historical names of Transylvania, Historicity of Homer, Historiography of the fall of the Western Roman Empire, History of Banbury, History of Birmingham, History of Cape Town, History of capitalism, History of Christianity in Slovakia, History of English, History of Halifax (former city), History of Icelandic, History of Islam in southern Italy, History of Jämtland, History of New York City, History of Normandy, History of Oldham, History of Over-the-Rhine, History of Rijeka, History of Rouen, History of Slovakia, History of Sochi, History of Strasbourg, History of Tampa, Florida, History of the Spanish language, Hitachi, Holmöarna, Holmer Green, Holton, Oxfordshire, Holywell, Oxford, Homophonic puns in Mandarin Chinese, Horsham, Horton-cum-Studley, House of Piña, Howe, Norfolk, Howe, North Yorkshire, Hulcott, Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin, Hungarian language, Hungarians, Huta, Hutton Conyers, Hydronym, Hypocorism, Ian D. Clark (historian), Ibstock, Ickford, Ickleton, Ickwell, Idaho, Idbury, Idstone, Illyrian languages, Illyricum (Roman province), Ilmer, Ilmington, Incas in Central Chile, Influence of Arabic on other languages, Influences on the Spanish language, Ingala Valley, Ingalls, Inggarda, Inoslav Bešker, Institute of the Lithuanian Language, Institute, West Virginia, Interior Mountains, International airport, International Council of Onomastic Sciences, Intzabi, Inuit, Inuttitut, Iranian peoples, Iron Acton, Iron Hill, Isaac Taylor (priest), Islay, Ispahbads of Gilan, Israelian Hebrew, Israelites, Istitut Ladin Micurà de Rü, István Kniezsa, Italian exonyms, Italian phonology, Italic languages, Itatí, Itatí, Corrientes, Jaša Tomić, Sečanj, Jacobus da Varagine, Jakob Jakobsen, Jalajala, Jalmari Jaakkola, Jan Amora, Janov, Janus Cornarius, Japanese dragon, Japonic languages, Jämtland, Jèrriais literature, Józef Łobodowski, Jedda multicaulis, Jeddore (surname), Jersey, Jerzy Treder, Jezera, Zenica, Jiaolong, Jipijapa, Job Jaffré, John Aubrey, John Hill (explorer), John Leland (antiquary), John of Ruusbroec, John Pinkerton, Joret line, José, Juan José Lerena y Barry, Juliobriga, Julyan Holmes, Juncture, Junqueirópolis, Juru people, Justus Perthes (publishing company), Kačić noble family, Kaiabara, Kaiadilt, Kamat, Kamenets, Kamensky District, Kaneang, Kangal dog, Karluks, Karst, Karumba, Queensland, Kaskian language, Kaurna, Kaw people, Köping, Kebon Kopi II inscription, Keith Briggs (mathematician), Kelly (surname), Kelpie, Kesh, County Fermanagh, Khinalug people, Kiddington, Kidlington, Kießling, Kiev, Killoran, King Arthur, King Ban, King's Sutton, Kingdom of Kent, Kingdom of Strathclyde, Kingdom of the Lombards, Kingdom of the Suebi, Kingsey, Kingsthorpe, Kingston Bagpuize, Kiritimati, Kishlak, Klodian, Knowler, Koʻolau Range, Kombumerri clan, Komotini, Konstantinos Amantos, Korossy, Kotezi Viaduct, Kouroukan Fouga, Krajina, Krūmiņa, Krūmiņš, Kromberk, Krosno, Krusenstern Island, Kulm, Kunyu Wanguo Quantu, Kurdistan, Kurds, Kurds in Syria, Kusbölehelvetet, Kusić, Kymber, L'Anse aux Meadows, Lac (disambiguation), Lac des Perches, Lake Cerknica, Lake Chaubunagungamaug, Lakes in Norway, Laleham, Lana, South Tyrol, Land of the blacks, Landwehr (border), Lanfeust of Troy, Langogne, Languages of Ireland, Languages of Northern Ireland, Languages of the Bailiwick of Guernsey, Languages of the United Kingdom, Laphroaig distillery, Lars Huldén, Late antiquity, Latin, Latin influence in English, Latinisation of names, Latvian State Language Center, Laudine, Laurentian language, Lítla Dímun, Leckhampstead, Buckinghamshire, Legendary progenitor, Leičiai, Leivithra, Lenapehoking, Lenin Raion, Leonard of Noblac, Leoncio Afonso, Leslie Dunkling, Letzi, Lewandowski, Lewis A. McArthur, Lewknor, Library of Congress Classification:Class G -- Geography. Anthropology. Recreation, Liepiņš, Lille, Lillingstone Lovell, Lingen, Herefordshire, Lingo, New Mexico, Linguistic boundary of Brittany, List of acronyms: W, List of alternative names for oceans, List of ancient cities in Illyria, List of ancient cities in Thrace and Dacia, List of Arabic place names, List of Armenian exonyms, List of bagpipes, List of Celtic place names in Galicia, List of Celtic place names in Italy, List of Celtic place names in Portugal, List of continent name etymologies, List of country-name etymologies, List of Dacian names, List of double placenames, List of English exonyms for German toponyms, List of English exonyms for Italian toponyms, List of English words of Niger-Congo origin, List of etymologies of country subdivision names, List of foods named after places, List of Friulian place names, List of generic forms in place names in Ireland and the United Kingdom, List of Greek and Latin roots in English/T, List of Greek place names, List of Hebrew place names, List of indigenous languages in Argentina, List of Latin words with English derivatives, List of lingua francas, List of long place names, List of most common surnames in Europe, List of Muisca toponyms, List of Mycenaean deities, List of mythological places, List of names of European cities in different languages, List of people from Edinburgh, List of people who adopted matrilineal surnames, List of places named after Odin, List of places named after people, List of places named after Prince Marko, List of places named Mallory, List of reconstructed Dacian words, List of redundant place names, List of reduplicated Australian place names, List of river name etymologies, List of Russian exonyms, List of San Francisco placename etymologies, List of Scottish Gaelic place names, List of seas, List of short place names, List of squares in Copenhagen, List of state and territory name etymologies of the United States, List of Turkish exonyms, List of Turkish place names, List of villages in Bhutan, List of words derived from toponyms, Lists of etymologies, Lithuania, Lithuanian name, Little Horwood, Little London, Buckinghamshire, Little Marlow, Little Missenden, Livorno, Llandre, Lobo (surname), Locations associated with Arthurian legend, Locke (surname), Loire-Atlantique, Lomba da Maia, Londa, Tuscany, London to Brighton Way, Londonderry Port, Longest words, Longhope, Longwick, Loos (surname), Lorraine, Los Testigos, Lost toponym, Lostock, Bolton, Lourmarin, Loveday Jenkin, Lover's Leap, Lower Heyford, Lower Queen Anne, Seattle, Lowton, Lucey, Ludgershall, Buckinghamshire, Ludlow, Ludogorie, Lusitanian language, Lusitanic, Lutetia, Lydney Park, Lyford, Oxfordshire, Maaseik, Macedonia (Greece), Macedonia (terminology), Macedonian onomastics, Macedonian Slavic mythology, MacGorman, Mackmyra Whisky, Mafra, Portugal, Magars, Mainland, Orkney, Mains (Scotland), Majdal, Makaleha Mountains, Mala Bukovica, Malabo, Malabo Lopelo Melaka, Malayness, Malays (ethnic group), Mamucium, Manbarra, Mancot, Mandalit del Barco, Mansfield (surname), Manskin, Map series, Mapuche history, Marcel Aurousseau, Marcellus Empiricus, Marcham, Marcos E. Becerra, Mardudunera people, Margaret Gelling, Maringma-tepui, Mark Monmonier, Marollen, Marston, Oxford, Martin of Tours, Maryina roshcha District, Mas (surname), Mataquescuintla, Matriarchy, Matthias Nicoll, Mazra'a, Međimurje County, Medmenham, Medomsley, Mehmed the Conqueror, Melfa, Meliden, Melta Point, Mendinho, Mentmore, Merton, Oxfordshire, Messapians, Metonymy, Metro Coyuya, Mexican Spanish, Mexico, Middle Claydon, Mikkola, Mildenhall, Wiltshire, Milldam, Millerhof, Mindelo (Vila do Conde), Minoa, Minoan civilization, Minster Lovell, Mitcham, London, Mittagskogel, Miwa people, Mixbury, Moel Famau, Moesi, Mogiła Abbey, Moira, Leicestershire, Mojstrana, Mold, Flintshire, Molfetta, Montargull (Artesa de Segre), Montaukett, Montes Llanos, Monteverde, Campania, Montmartre, Mor lam, Mordvins, Moreton Corbet, Morgause, Morris: A Life with Bells On, Morta, Moscow, Kansas, Mount Benacantil, Mount Chimaera, Mountains of Ararat, Moylgrove, Muban, Mueang, Muisca agriculture, Mulyanka River, Mundoolun, Queensland, Murthy (surname), Muska (disambiguation), Mynydd Isa, Mythology in the Low Countries, Myzeqe, Nahualá, Nakh languages, Name, Name of Hungary, Name of Joan of Arc, Name of Lithuania, Name of Mexico, Name of Montreal, Name of Pittsburgh, Name of Ukraine, Names of the Albanians and Albania, Names of the Greeks, Nanda tribe, Nanggikorongo, Napton-on-the-Hill, Naumachia, Nazareth, Nemeton, Neris, Nerkin, Nerthus, Nes, Ådal, Neshkan, Russia, Nether Winchendon, Netherlands, Netherton, Oxfordshire, New Guinea, New Korean Orthography, New Netherland, New Sweden Farmstead Museum, Newton Longville, Ngalia people, Ngarti, Ngolokwangga, Ni-Vanuatu name, Nicaraguan Spanish, Nicolaus Copernicus, Nikola Pašić Square, Ninety Six National Historic Site, Nizhnetoyemsky Selsoviet, Nizhnyaya Toyma River, Njörðr, Nobiliary particle, Nodens, Noke, Oxfordshire, Nomenclature, Nora, Italy, Norman conquest of England, Norn language, Norrland dialects, Norse mythology, Norse rituals, North Africa, North Hinksey, North Ingria, North Jersey, North Leigh, Northern Dvina River, Northmoor, Oxfordshire, Norwegian language conflict, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, Nova Gorica, Nuevo San Juan Parangaricutiro, Nuneham Courtenay, Nungali language, Oakley Green, Oakley, Buckinghamshire, Oberst (surname), Occitania, Ocooch Mountains, Oddington, Oxfordshire, Odishi, Ojibwe, Old English, Old Europe (archaeology), Old Latium, Old Norse religion, Oldham, Oliveira (surname), Oliver Padel, Olsztyn-Mazury Airport, Onibury, Onomastics, Oporovec, Orahovac, Orba (river), Orbis Latinus, Oregon Geographic Names, Origin, Origin of the Albanians, Origins of Falkland Islanders, Orkney, Orlović clan, Oronce Finé, Oronym, Oros of Alexandria, Orthetrum boumiera, Osgodby, Selby, Otto de Grandson, Outer Manchuria, Outline of history, Ozarks, Pacific Northwest, Padrón, Paiva, Pal.luezu dialect, Palace of the Shirvanshahs, Palaiopyrgos, Paleo-Balkan languages, Paleo-Corsican language, Paleo-European languages, Paleo-Sardinian language, Paleohispanic languages, Palestinians, Palta language, Panzaleo language, Papakating Creek, Papar, Papey, Paprocki, Papua New Guinea, Paramun, Pariacaca mountain range, Parrintyi, Pars pro toto, Partitions of Poland, Pas-de-Calais, Patrial name, Patronymic, Paul Mactire, Pedro González de Lara, Pelasgia, Pelasgians, Peloponnese, Peloponnese (theme), Pembridge, Penarth, Pendeford, Peng (mythology), Penkridge, Penpont, Penterry, Pereira (surname), Pericú language, Perkūnas, Perlethorpe, Peru, Petarch, Philistines, Phlegra (mythology), Phono-semantic matching, Piatra Neamț, Pictish language, Picts, Piddington, Oxfordshire, Pilėnai, Pindjarup, Pishill, Pit–Comb Ware culture, Pitchcott, Pkhovi, Place name origins, Place names considered unusual, Place names in Ireland, Place names in Japan, Place names of Palestine, Plains of Abraham, Planetary nomenclature, Plant epithet, Plaus, Playa (Ponce), Plou, Po (river), Pointe-Claire, Poland in antiquity, Polesine, Polonyna, Ponce de Minerva, Ponthir, Portugués River, Portuguese language, Portuguese name, Posad, Potaruwutj, Praia do Almoxarife, Prescote, Preston Bissett, Priest's Leap, Prince Marko, Priors Marston, Procas, Prontuario dei nomi locali dell'Alto Adige, Proper name mark, Proto-Celtic language, Proto-Samic language, Psalmodius, Pukara, Purton, Pusey, Oxfordshire, Pyrohiv, Pyrton, Quarrendon, Buckinghamshire, Quebec French, Quebrada Limón, Quechuan and Aymaran spelling shift, Quechuan languages, Queen Anne, Seattle, Quiabelagayo, Quimby (surname), Quintus Valerius Soranus, Quipu, Quiroz, Rachel's Tomb, Radclive, Radu Rosetti, Ramavarmapuram, Rammachgau, Rampton, Nottinghamshire, Randall (given name), Rapa Nui language, Rarh region, Ratcliffe Culey, Ravenstone, Buckinghamshire, Razdolnaya River, Real (Ponce), Red and White Bundle, Redington, Resava, Rheged, Rhydymwyn, Richard de Belmeis I, River Brent, River Erewash, River Gavenny, River Penk, Roanne, Robert L. 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A. Urechia, V. V. K. Valath, Valdivia, Vale de Gouvinhas, Valentinus Lublinus, Valley of Josaphat, Valpaços, Van Meter, Van, Llanidloes, Varna Peninsula, Vasconic substratum theory, Vayas, Véliz, Vedda language, Veenstra, Veles (god), Velika Bukovica, Veliki Mokri Lug, Veliky Novgorod, Venetic theory, Verdun, Verkhnyaya Toyma, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Very Long Baseline Array, Višegrad, Vibius Sequester, Victor Watts, Vidin Heights, Viipuri Province, Vili and Vé, Villa di Quarto, Ville, Vinland, Vodička, Vokhna, Volchya River (Vuoksi tributary), Volga Finns, Vologda Oblast, Volosko, Von, Vratišinec, Wadere, Wadi, Wailpi, Walle, Wallington (surname), Waluwara, Wantage, Wappocomo (Romney, West Virginia), Warborough, Wardandi, Warnindhilyagwa, Washington (name), Watchfield, Water Eaton, Oxfordshire, Water Stratford, Wath-in-Nidderdale, Watlington, Oxfordshire, Weald, Oxfordshire, Webster, Massachusetts, Weedon, Buckinghamshire, Weeks (surname), Weijers, Wekufe, Welsh toponymy, Wendlebury, West Ice Shelf, Westcott Barton, Westcott, Buckinghamshire, Western Sahara, Westhoek (region), Wharram-le-Street, Wheatfield, Oxfordshire, Whitchurch, Buckinghamshire, Wikampama, Wilburn, Wilczyński, Wilk, Willem Adelaar, William Henry Duignan, William J. Watson, Willington, Derbyshire, Willoughby, Warwickshire, Wilsecker, Windberg (Freital), Wing, Buckinghamshire, Winnoc, Wiradjuri, Wirgman Building, Witney, Wittenau, Wollaston, Northamptonshire, Wolvercote, Wom Brook, Wombourne, Wooburn, Woodcote, Woodeaton, Woodham, Buckinghamshire, Woodley, Berkshire, Woodrow (name), Woolstone, Oxfordshire, Wootton Wawen, Wordaholics, Worminghall, Wormshill, Worthington, Leicestershire, Wotton Underwood, Wrose, Wu (shaman), Wulpura, Wytham, Xana, Xavier (given name), Xochitepec, Yampil, Yarbrough, Yardliyawara, Yarnton, Yauza River, Yawijibaya, Yaxha, Ye-Maek language, Yeidji, Yelling, Yemaek, Yepes, Yin and yang, Ymar, York, Yorta Yorta, Yusif Yusifov, Zagem, Zalewski, Zanzibar, Zdzisław Stieber, Zgërdhesh, Zhou (country subdivision), Zhu Faya, Zieliński, Zilin, Zion, Zygii. Expand index (1798 more) » « Shrink index

-abad

-abad is a suffix that forms part of many west, central and south Asian city names originally derived from the Persian language term (آباد), meaning "cultivated place" (village, city, region), and commonly attached to the name of the city's founder or patron.

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-land

The suffix -land which can be found in several countries' name and country subdivisions indicates a toponymy—a land.

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-onym

The suffix -onym, in English and other languages, means "word, name", and words ending in -onym refer to a specified kind of name or word, most of which are classical compounds.

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-up

-up is a suffix commonly found in place names in south western Western Australia.

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-vac

-vac (most often -evac -ovac) is a toponymic suffix predominant in Serbia and Croatia, indicating a town or settlement.

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Aach (surname)

Aach, also von Aach, is a German surname derived from the toponym Aach.

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Aaigem

Aaigem is a village belonging to the municipality of Erpe-Mere.

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Abaeus

Apollo Abaeus (Greek: Ἀβαῖος) was a toponymic epithet of the Greek god Apollo, derived from the town of Abae in Phocis, where the god had a rich temple renowned for its oracles, which were said to have been consulted by Croesus and Mardonius, among others.

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Abberton (surname)

Abberton is an English surname derived from a toponymic.

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Abbots of Shrewsbury

The recorded abbots of Shrewsbury run from c 1087, a scant four years after Shrewsbury Abbey's foundation, to 1540, its dissolution under Thomas Cromwell.

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ABC Chinese–English Dictionary

The ABC Chinese–English Dictionary or ABC Dictionary (1996), compiled under the chief editorship of John DeFrancis, is the first Chinese dictionary to collate entries in single-sort alphabetical order of pinyin romanization, and a landmark in the history of Chinese lexicography.

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Abnoba mons

The Latin name Abnoba Mons (Pre-Germanic Abnoba; Ancient Greek τὰ Ἄβνοβα, ta Abnoba, Ἀβνοβαῖα ὄρη Abnobaia orē) is the name of a mountain range that was already known to ancient authors Pliny and Tacitus.

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ABO blood group system

The ABO blood group system is used to denote the presence of one, both, or neither of the A and B antigens on erythrocytes.

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Acallam na Senórach

Acallam na Senórach (Modern Irish: Agallamh na Seanórach, whose title in English has been given variously as Colloquy with the Ancients, Tales of the Elders of Ireland, The Dialogue of the Ancients of Ireland, etc.), is an important prosimetric Middle Irish narrative dating to the last quarter of the 12th century.

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Acton Burnell

Acton Burnell is a village and parish in the English county of Shropshire.

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Acushnet River

The Acushnet River is the largest river, long,U.S. Geological Survey.

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Adderbury

Adderbury is a winding linear village and rural civil parish about south of Banbury in northern Oxfordshire, England.

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Addingrove

Addingrove is a former hamlet in Buckinghamshire, about northwest of the market town of Thame in neighbouring Oxfordshire.

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Administrative divisions of Nazi Germany

The Gaue (Singular: Gau) were the de facto administrative sub-divisions of Nazi Germany, eclipsing the de jure Länder (states) of Weimar Germany in 1934.

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Administrative divisions of Taiwan

Taiwan consists of provinces and special municipalities.

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Adria

Adria is a town and comune in the province of Rovigo in the Veneto region of Northern Italy, situated between the mouths of the rivers Adige and Po.

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Adrian Room

Adrian Richard West Room (27 September 1933, Melksham – 6 November 2010, Stamford)Contemporary Authors Online, Gale, 2002; accessed 20 May 2013.

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Agnafit

Agnafit or Agnefit was the name of a location where Lake Mälaren met the Baltic Sea.

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Agoge

The agōgē (Greek: ἀγωγή in Attic Greek, or ἀγωγά, agōgá in Doric Greek) was the rigorous education and training program mandated for all male Spartan citizens, except for the firstborn son in the ruling houses, Eurypontid and Agiad.

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Agua Dulce people

The Agua Dulce or Agua Fresca (Freshwater) were a Timucua group of northeastern Florida.

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Aigburth

Aigburth is a suburb of Liverpool, Merseyside, England.

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Aigrefeuille-d'Aunis

Aigrefeuille-d'Aunis is a French commune in the Charente-Maritime department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region of south-western France.

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Aillarehue

Aillarehue or Ayllarehue (from the (mapudungun: ayllarewe/ayjarewe: " nine rehues"); a confederation of rehues or familiar clans (lof) that dominated a region or province. It was the old administrative and territorial division of the Mapuche, Huilliche and the extinct Picunche people. Aillarehue acted as a unit only on special festive, religious, political and especial military occasions. Several aillarehues formed the Butalmapu, the largest military and political organization of the Mapuche.

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Ailsworth

Ailsworth or Ailesworth is a village and civil parish in the City of Peterborough unitary authority, about west of the city centre.

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Ainu language

Ainu (Ainu: アイヌ・イタㇰ Aynu.

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Aix-Marseille University

Aix-Marseille University (AMU; Aix-Marseille Université; formally incorporated as Université d'Aix-Marseille) is a public research university located in Provence, southern France.

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Akıncılar (disambiguation)

Akıncılar is a Turkish toponym meaning "akıncıs" and may refer to the following places in Turkey.

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Akköy

Akköy is a Turkish toponym meaning "white village" and may refer to.

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Akpınar

Akpınar (a Turkish toponym meaning "white spring" or "white fountain") may refer to.

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Akyazı (disambiguation)

Akyazı is a Turkish toponym meaning "good luck" (literally "white writing," alluding to a favorable court decision).

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Ala (demon)

An ala or hala (plural: ale or hali) is a female mythological creature recorded in the folklore of Bulgarians, Macedonians, and Serbs.

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Alaunus

Alaunus or Alaunius was a Gaulish god of healing and prophecy.

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Albanais

The Albanais is a small Savoyard region situated between Lake Annecy and Lac du Bourget, at the entrance to the Parc naturel régional du Massif des Bauges.

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Albania (placename)

The toponym Albania may indicate several different geographical regions: a country in the Balkans; an ancient land in the Caucasus; as well as Scotland, Albania being a Latinization of a Gaelic name for Scotland, Alba; and even a city in the U.S. state of New York.

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Albanians in Bulgaria

Albanians (албанци, albantsi) are a minority ethnic group in Bulgaria (Bullgaria).

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Albert Dauzat

Albert Dauzat (4 July 1877 – 31 October 1955) was a French linguist specializing in toponymy and onomastics.

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Albert Hale Sylvester

Albert Hale Slyvester (May 25, 1871 – September 14, 1944) was a pioneer surveyor, explorer, and forest supervisor in the Cascade Range of the U.S. state of Washington.

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Albert Hugh Smith

Albert Hugh Smith OBE (24 February 1903 – 11 May 1967) was a scholar of Old English and Scandinavian languages and played a major part in the study and publication of English place-names.

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Alberts Glacier

Alberts Glacier is a heavily crevassed glacier in Antarctica.

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Albion

Albion (Ἀλβιών) is the oldest known name of the island of Great Britain.

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Albury, Oxfordshire

Albury is a village in the civil parish of Tiddington-with-Albury, about west of Thame in Oxfordshire.

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Alcains

Alcains is a Portuguese civil parish in the municipality of Castelo Branco.

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Alcamo Marina

Alcamo Marina is a seaside resort in the north-western part of Sicily and in the town territory of Alcamo.

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Alcácer do Sal

Alcácer do Sal is a municipality in Portugal, located in Setúbal District.

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Aldridge (surname)

Aldridge is an English surname derived from Aldridge or a similar toponym.

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Aleksandr Matveyev (linguist)

Aleksandr Konstantinovich Matveyev (Александр Константинович Матвеев, July 8, 1926 – October 9, 2010) was a Russian linguist known for his works in toponymics (branch of linguistics studying toponyms), onomastics (studies of proper names), and etymology (origins and semantical development of words).

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Alexander Vostokov

Alexander Khristoforovich Vostokov (Алекса́ндр Христофо́рович Восто́ков; –) was one of the first Russian philologists.

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Alfonso de Palencia

Alfonso Fernández de Palencia (1423 in El Burgo de Osma?, Soria – 1492 in Seville), was a Castilian pre-Renaissance historiographer, lexicographer, and humanist.

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Algirdas Julien Greimas

Algirdas Julien Greimas (born Algirdas Julius Greimas; 9 March 1917 – 27 February 1992), was a French-Lithuanian literary scientist, known among other things for the Greimas Square (le carré sémiotique).

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Algoma (placename)

Algoma is a placename given to many different places throughout the United States and Canada.

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Alisanos

In Gallo-Roman religion, Alisanos or Alisaunus was a local god worshipped in what is now the Côte-d'Or in Burgundy and at Aix-en-Provence.

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Alise-Sainte-Reine

Alise-Sainte-Reine (Alise-Ste-Reine) is a commune in the Côte-d'Or department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region of eastern France.

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All Cannings

All Cannings (pronounced Allcannings) is a village and civil parish in the Vale of Pewsey in the English county of Wiltshire, about east of Devizes.

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Almeida (surname)

Almeida is a common surname in the Portuguese language, in Portugal, Brazil, and India.

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Almoçageme

Almoçageme (pronounced: Al-mu-sa-jè-mê) is a village on the Portuguese municipality of Sintra and in the Freguesia of Colares.

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Alpine transhumance

Alpine transhumance is transhumance as practiced in the Alps, that is, a seasonal droving of grazing livestock between the valleys in winter and the high mountain pastures in summer (German Alpwirtschaft, Almwirtschaft from the term for "seasonal mountain pasture", Alp, Alm).

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Alrewas

Alrewas (awl-ree-was) is a village and civil parish in the Lichfield District of Staffordshire, England.

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Alsace, California

Alsace is an archaic place name in Playa Vista, Los Angeles, California.

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Alvim

Alvim is a surname in the Portuguese language, originally a toponymic.

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Amaral

Amaral may refer to.

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Amathusia

Amathusia or Amathuntia (Ἀμαθουσία or Ἀμαθουντία) was in Greek mythology a toponymic epithet of the goddess Aphrodite, which is derived from the city of Amathus in Cyprus, one of the most ancient seats of her worship.

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Ambleston

Ambleston (Treamlod) is a village, parish and community in Pembrokeshire, Wales, north of Haverfordwest.

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Ambrolauri

Ambrolauri (ამბროლაური) is a city in Georgia, located in the western part of the country, on both banks of the Rioni river, at the elevation of 550 m above sea level.

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Ambrosden

Ambrosden is a village and civil parish in Cherwell, Oxfordshire, England, southwest of Bicester to which it is linked by the A41 road, and from Oxford.

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Ambrosius Aurelianus

Ambrosius Aurelianus (Emrys Wledig; Anglicised as Ambrose Aurelian and called Aurelius Ambrosius in the Historia Regum Britanniae and elsewhere) was a war leader of the Romano-British who won an important battle against the Anglo-Saxons in the 5th century, according to Gildas.

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American and British English pronunciation differences

Differences in pronunciation between American English (AmE) and British English (BrE) can be divided into.

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American English vocabulary

The United States of America has given the English lexicon many thousands of words, meanings, and phrases.

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Amiens

Amiens is a city and commune in northern France, north of Paris and south-west of Lille.

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Ampelocissus xizangensis

Ampelocissus xizangensis (xi zang suan lian teng in Chinese) is a deciduous vine in the Vitaceae family, native to shrublands in the high valleys of the Tibet Autonomous Region and Nepal, at elevations about 2000 m high.

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Anón

Anón (Barrio Anón) is one of the 31 barrios in the municipality of Ponce, Puerto Rico.

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Ancient Belgian language

Ancient Belgian is a hypothetical extinct Indo-European language, spoken in Belgica (northern Gaul) in late prehistory.

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Ancient Corsica

The history of Corsica in ancient times was characterised by contests for control of the island among various foreign powers.

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Ancient Macedonian language

Ancient Macedonian, the language of the ancient Macedonians, either a dialect of Ancient Greek or a separate language closely related to Greek, was spoken in the kingdom of Macedonia during the 1st millennium BC and belongs to the Indo-European language family.

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Andaman coucal

The Andaman coucal or brown coucal (Centropus andamanensis) is a species of non-parasitic cuckoo found in the Andamans, Coco and Table Islands.

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Andorra

Andorra, officially the Principality of Andorra (Principat d'Andorra), also called the Principality of the Valleys of Andorra (Principat de les Valls d'Andorra), is a sovereign landlocked microstate on the Iberian Peninsula, in the eastern Pyrenees, bordered by France in the north and Spain in the south.

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Angelo Sabino

Angelo Sabino or in Latin Angelus Sabinus (fl. 1460s–1470s) was an Italian Renaissance humanist, poet laureate, classical philologist, Ovidian impersonator, and putative rogue.

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Anglicisation of names

The anglicisation of personal names is the change of non-English-language personal names to spellings nearer English sounds, or substitution of equivalent or similar English personal names in the place of non-English personal names.

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Anglo

Anglo is a prefix indicating a relation to the Angles, England, the English people, or the English language, such as in the term Anglo-Saxon language.

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Anglo-Saxons

The Anglo-Saxons were a people who inhabited Great Britain from the 5th century.

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Angola

Angola, officially the Republic of Angola (República de Angola; Kikongo, Kimbundu and Repubilika ya Ngola), is a country in Southern Africa.

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Animal epithet

An animal epithet is a name used to label a person or group, by association with some perceived quality of an animal.

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Anjuk Ladang inscription

Anjuk Ladang inscription is a stone stele inscription dated to the year 859 Saka (L.-C. Damais' version, 937 CE) or 857 Saka (Brandes' version, 935 CE) issued by King Sri Isyana (Pu Sindok) of Kingdom of Medang after moving his capital to the eastern part of Java.

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Ansty, Warwickshire

Ansty is a village and civil parish in Warwickshire, England, about northeast of Coventry city centre and 8 miles (13 km) south of Hinckley.

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Antarctic Place-names Commission

The Antarctic Place-names Commission was established by the Bulgarian Antarctic Institute in 1994, and since 2001 has been a body affiliated to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bulgaria.

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Anthroponymy

Anthroponomastics (or anthroponymy) is the study of the names of human beings.

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Antithrombin

Antithrombin (AT) is a small protein molecule that inactivates several enzymes of the coagulation system.

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Antofagasta

Antofagasta is a port city in northern Chile, about north of Santiago.

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Antokolsky

Antokolsky (spelling variations: Antokolskiy, Antokolski) (Антокольский) is a Russian surname.

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Apollo

Apollo (Attic, Ionic, and Homeric Greek: Ἀπόλλων, Apollōn (Ἀπόλλωνος); Doric: Ἀπέλλων, Apellōn; Arcadocypriot: Ἀπείλων, Apeilōn; Aeolic: Ἄπλουν, Aploun; Apollō) is one of the most important and complex of the Olympian deities in classical Greek and Roman religion and Greek and Roman mythology.

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Apopa

Apopa is a municipality in the San Salvador department of El Salvador.

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Apperley

Apperley is a village in Gloucestershire, England, about southwest of Tewkesbury, south of Deerhurst and east of the River Severn.

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Appiani family

Coat of arms of the House of Appiani. The Appiani (also Appiano or d'Appiano) is an Italian noble family, originally from Al Piano or Appiano, a now disappeared toponym identified with the modern La Pieve in the comune of Ponsacco.

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Appleton, Oxfordshire

Appleton is a village in the civil parish of Appleton-with-Eaton, about northwest of Abingdon.

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Appurtenance

An appurtenance is something subordinate to or belonging to another larger, principal entity, that is, an adjunct, satellite or accessory that generally accompanies something else.

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Aquitanian language

The Aquitanian language was spoken on both sides of the western Pyrenees in ancient Aquitaine (approximately between the Pyrenees and the Garonne, in the region later known as Gascony) and in the areas south of the Pyrenees in the valleys of the Basque Country before the Roman conquest.

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Araújo

Araújo or Araujo or Arauxo is a Galician and Portuguese surname.

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Aracynthias

Aracynthias (Ἀρακυνθιάς) was a toponymic epithet of the Greek goddess Aphrodite, derived from Mount Aracynthus, the position of which is a matter of historical uncertainty, but on which she was said to have had a temple.

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Aram (region)

Aram is a region mentioned in the Bible located in present-day central Syria, including where the city of Aleppo now stands.

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Aram, son of Shem

Aram (’Ărām) is a son of Shem, according to the Table of Nations in Genesis 10 of the Hebrew Bible, and the father of Uz, Hul, Gether and Mash or Meshech.

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Arameans

The Arameans, or Aramaeans (ܐܪ̈ܡܝܐ), were an ancient Northwest Semitic Aramaic-speaking tribal confederation who emerged from the region known as Aram (in present-day Syria) in the Late Bronze Age (11th to 8th centuries BC).

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Arbat Street

Arbat Street (Russian), mainly referred to in English as the Arbat, is a pedestrian street about one kilometer long in the historical centre of Moscow, Russia.

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Arbius

Arbius (Ἄρβιος) was a toponymic epithet of the Greek god Zeus, derived from Mount Arbias in Crete - in modern times, the hills and chasms near Arvi - where he was worshipped.

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Arch of Malborghetto

The Arch of Malborghetto is an Ancient Roman quadrifrons arch (that is, an arch with four pylons) located nineteen kilometres north of Rome on the via Flaminia.

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Architecture of Birmingham

Although Birmingham in England has existed as a settlement for over a thousand years, today's city is overwhelmingly a product of the 18th, 19th, and 20th centuries, with little surviving from its early history.

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Arcos (Vila do Conde)

Arcos is a former civil parish in the municipality of Vila do Conde, Portugal.

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Arcos de Valdevez

Arcos de Valdevez is a municipality along the northern frontier of Portugal and Galicia (Spain).

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Arden (name)

Arden is an English surname of locational origin.

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Ardencaple Castle

Ardencaple Castle, also known as Ardincaple Castle, and sometimes referred to as Ardencaple Castle Light, is a listed building, situated about from Helensburgh, Argyll and Bute, Scotland.

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Ardennes (department)

Ardennes is a department in the Grand Est region of northeastern France named after the Ardennes area.

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Ardley

Ardley is an English toponym and may refer to.

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Ardley (surname)

Ardley is an English surname derived from a toponym and may refer to.

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Argentoratum

Argentoratum or Argentorate was the ancient name of the city of Strasbourg.

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Arkhangelsk Oblast

Arkhangelsk Oblast (Арха́нгельская о́бласть, Arkhangelskaya oblast) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast).

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Armington

Armington as a personal name can refer to.

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Armorica

Armorica or Aremorica is the name given in ancient times to the part of Gaul between the Seine and the Loire that includes the Brittany Peninsula, extending inland to an indeterminate point and down the Atlantic Coast.

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Arncott

Arncott or Arncot is a village and civil parish about southeast of Bicester in Oxfordshire.

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Asgaut Steinnes

Asgaut Steinnes (11 October 1892 – 6 July 1973) was a Norwegian archivist and historian who specialized in the Middle Ages.

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Ash, Dover District

Ash is a village and civil parish in the Dover district of east Kent about three miles west of Sandwich.

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Ashbury, Oxfordshire

Ashbury is a village and large civil parish at the upper end (west) of the Vale of White Horse.

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Ashendon

Ashendon is a village and civil parish in Buckinghamshire, England.

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Ashley Green

Ashley Green is a village and civil parish in Chiltern district of Buckinghamshire, England.

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Asia

Asia is Earth's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the Eastern and Northern Hemispheres.

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Aslak Bolt's cadastre

Aslak Bolt's cadastre (Aslak Bolts jordebog; written 1432–1433) is a Norwegian cadastre, a detailed register of properties and incomes of the Archdiocese of Nidaros.

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Assafarge

Assafarge is a former civil parish in the southern part of the municipality of Coimbra, Portugal.

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Asterleigh

Asterleigh, sometimes in the past called Esterley,Page, 1907 is a farm and deserted medieval village about northeast of Charlbury in Oxfordshire.

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Asti

Asti is a city and comune of 76 164 inhabitants (1-1-2017) located in the Piedmont region of northwestern Italy, about east of Turin in the plain of the Tanaro River.

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Aston Abbotts

Aston Abbotts or Aston Abbots is a village and civil parish in the Aylesbury Vale district of Buckinghamshire, England.

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Aston Sandford

Aston Sandford is a small village and civil parish in the Aylesbury Vale district of Buckinghamshire, England, about east of Haddenham and northwest of Princes Risborough.

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Aston Tirrold

Aston Tirrold is a village and civil parish at the foot of the Berkshire Downs about southeast of Didcot.

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Astures

The Astures or Asturs, also named Astyrs, were the Hispano-Celtic inhabitants of the northwest area of Hispania that now comprises almost the entire modern autonomous community of Principality of Asturias, the modern province of León, and the northern part of the modern province of Zamora (all in Spain), and east of Trás os Montes in Portugal.

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Asturias

Asturias (Asturies; Asturias), officially the Principality of Asturias (Principado de Asturias; Principáu d'Asturies), is an autonomous community in north-west Spain.

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Ateshgah of Baku

The Baku Ateshgah (from آتشگاه, Atashgāh, Atəşgah), often called the "Fire Temple of Baku" is a castle-like religious temple in Surakhani town (in Suraxanı raion), a suburb in Baku, Azerbaijan.

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Athena

Athena; Attic Greek: Ἀθηνᾶ, Athēnā, or Ἀθηναία, Athēnaia; Epic: Ἀθηναίη, Athēnaiē; Doric: Ἀθάνα, Athānā or Athene,; Ionic: Ἀθήνη, Athēnē often given the epithet Pallas,; Παλλὰς is the ancient Greek goddess of wisdom, handicraft, and warfare, who was later syncretized with the Roman goddess Minerva.

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Attenborough (surname)

Attenborough is an English surname derived from Attenborough, Nottinghamshire, or similar toponym.

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Aubignosc

Aubignosc is a commune in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region of south-eastern France.

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Auerbach (surname)

Auerbach and Averbuch is a German surname, commonly Jewish, derived from a toponym meaning meadow brook.

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Auregnais

Auregnais, Aoeur'gnaeux or Aurignais was the Norman dialect of the Channel Island of Alderney (Aurigny, Auregnais: Aoeur'gny or Auregny).

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Authon, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence

Authon is a French commune in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region of south-eastern France.

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Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes

Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (Ôvèrgne-Rôno-Ârpes, Auvèrnhe Ròse Aups, Alvernia-Rodano-Alpi) is a region of France created by the territorial reform of French Regions in 2014; it resulted from the merger of Auvergne and Rhône-Alpes.

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Auxiliary sciences of history

Auxiliary (or ancillary) sciences of history are scholarly disciplines which help evaluate and use historical sources and are seen as auxiliary for historical research.

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Aveleda (Bragança)

Aveleda is a former freguesia ("civil parish") in the municipality of Bragança, Portugal.

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Averill

Averill as a family name can refer to.

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Awabakal

The Awabakal people, a group of indigenous people of New South Wales, are those Aboriginal Australians who identify with or are descended from the Awabakal tribe and its clans scattered along the coastal area of what is now known as the Mid North Coast region of New South Wales.

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Ayala (surname)

Ayala (Basque: Aiara) is a toponymic surname, originally de Ayala (of Ayala), deriving from the town of Ayala/Aiara in the province of Álava, in the Basque Country, northern Spain.

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Aynho

Aynho (formerly spelt Aynhoe) is a village and civil parish in South Northamptonshire, England, on the edge of the Cherwell valley about southeast of the north Oxfordshire town of Banbury and southwest of Brackley.

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Ḷ

Ḷ (minuscule: ḷ) is a letter of the Latin alphabet, derived from L with a diacritical dot below.

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Áncash Region

Ancash (Anqash) (Áncash) is a region of northern Peru.

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Äteritsiputeritsipuolilautatsijänkä

Äteritsiputeritsipuolilautatsijänkä is a bog region in Savukoski, Lapland in Finland.

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Æsir

In Old Norse, ǫ́ss (or áss, ás, plural æsir; feminine ásynja, plural ásynjur) is a member of the principal pantheon in Norse religion.

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Ætheling

Ætheling (also spelt Aetheling, Atheling or Etheling) was an Old English term (æþeling) used in Anglo-Saxon England to designate princes of the royal dynasty who were eligible for the kingship.

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Écréhous

The Ecrehos (or in Jèrriais: Êcrého) are a group of islands and rocks situated six miles (9.6 km) north-east of Jersey, and eight miles (12.8 km) from France.

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Ó Creachmhaoil

Ó Creachmhaoil is an Irish surname, often anglicised as Craughwell, Croughwell, Crockwell, and Crowell.

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Ödåkra

Ödåkra is a locality situated in Helsingborg Municipality, Skåne County, Sweden with 4,920 inhabitants in 2010.

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Újezd

Újezd is a very common Czech toponym roughly meaning around-ridden.

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Ústí (disambiguation)

Ústí is a common Czech toponym meaning river-mouth.

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Über

Über (sometimes written uber in English-language publications) is a German language word meaning "over", "above" or "across." It is an etymological twin with German ober, and is cognate (through Proto-Germanic) with English over, Dutch over, Swedish över and Icelandic yfir, among other Germanic languages.

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Ēostre

Ēostre or Ostara (Ēastre or, Northumbrian dialect Ēastro Sievers 1901 p. 98, Mercian dialect and West Saxon dialect (Old English) Ēostre; *Ôstara) is a Germanic goddess who, by way of the Germanic month bearing her name (Northumbrian: Ēosturmōnaþ; West Saxon: Ēastermōnaþ; Ôstarmânoth), is the namesake of the festival of Easter in some languages.

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Šibenik

Šibenik (Sebenico) is a historic city in Croatia, located in central Dalmatia where the river Krka flows into the Adriatic Sea.

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Bacheldre

Bacheldre (Bachelldref or Bachelldre) is a small settlement in Powys, Wales.

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Badger, Shropshire

Badger is a village and civil parish in Shropshire, England, about six miles north-east of Bridgnorth.

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Bainton, Oxfordshire

Bainton is a hamlet comprising a cluster of farms in the civil parish of Stoke Lyne, about north of the centre of Bicester.

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Balikpapan

Balikpapan is a seaport city on the east coast of the island of Borneo, in the Indonesian province of East Kalimantan.

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Ballina, New South Wales

Ballina is a town in the Northern Rivers region of New South Wales, Australia, and the seat of the Ballina Shire local government area.

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Balsa (Roman town)

Balsa was a Roman coastal town in the province of Lusitania, Conventus Pacensis (capital Pax Julia).

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Balsam of Peru

Balsam of Peru, also known and marketed by many other names, is a balsam derived from a tree known as Myroxylon balsamum var.

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Balscote

Balscote is a village in the civil parish of Wroxton, Oxfordshire, about west of Banbury.

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Bandua

Bandua was a theonym used to refer to a god or goddess worshipped in Iberia by Gallaeci and Lusitanians.

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Banská Bystrica

Banská Bystrica (also known by other alternative names) is a city in central Slovakia located on the Hron River in a long and wide valley encircled by the mountain chains of the Low Tatras, the Veľká Fatra, and the Kremnica Mountains.

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Barad (name)

Barad can refer to a number of people, places, and things.

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Barapa Barapa

The Barapa Barapa people (also known as Baraparapa) are an indigenous Australian people whose territory covered parts of southern New South Wales and northern Victoria.

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Barby, Northamptonshire

Barby is a village and civil parish about north of Daventry in Northamptonshire, England.

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Bardon Hill

Bardon Hill is a 13.1 hectare biological Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) in the civil parish of Bardon, east of Coalville in Leicestershire, England.

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Barkham

Barkham is a village and civil parish in the borough of Wokingham in Berkshire, England, located around southwest of the town of Wokingham.

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Barlby

Barlby is a linear village in North Yorkshire, England.

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Barlow (surname)

Barlow is a place name and English surname.

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Barngarla people

The Barngarla, formerly known as Parnkalla, are an Aboriginal people of the Port Lincoln, Whyalla and Port Augusta areas.

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Barousse valley

The Barousse is a small region of southwestern France, including the valley of the Ourse, a left tributary of the Garonne, in the Hautes-Pyrénées, and the smaller valley of Siradan.

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Barr (placename element)

Barr- is a pre-Indo-European linguistic root meaning 'wooded hill', 'natural barrier'.

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Barrigada

Barrigada (Barigåda) is a village in the United States territory of Guam.

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Barry (name)

Barry is both a given name and a surname.

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Barton Hartshorn

Barton Hartshorn is a civil parish about southwest of Buckingham in the Aylesbury Vale district of Buckinghamshire.

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Barungguan

The Barungguan are an indigenous Australian people of the Cape York Peninsula of Northern Queensland.

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Basque language

Basque (euskara) is a language spoken in the Basque country and Navarre. Linguistically, Basque is unrelated to the other languages of Europe and, as a language isolate, to any other known living language. The Basques are indigenous to, and primarily inhabit, the Basque Country, a region that straddles the westernmost Pyrenees in adjacent parts of northern Spain and southwestern France. The Basque language is spoken by 28.4% of Basques in all territories (751,500). Of these, 93.2% (700,300) are in the Spanish area of the Basque Country and the remaining 6.8% (51,200) are in the French portion. Native speakers live in a contiguous area that includes parts of four Spanish provinces and the three "ancient provinces" in France. Gipuzkoa, most of Biscay, a few municipalities of Álava, and the northern area of Navarre formed the core of the remaining Basque-speaking area before measures were introduced in the 1980s to strengthen the language. By contrast, most of Álava, the western part of Biscay and central and southern areas of Navarre are predominantly populated by native speakers of Spanish, either because Basque was replaced by Spanish over the centuries, in some areas (most of Álava and central Navarre), or because it was possibly never spoken there, in other areas (Enkarterri and southeastern Navarre). Under Restorationist and Francoist Spain, public use of Basque was frowned upon, often regarded as a sign of separatism; this applied especially to those regions that did not support Franco's uprising (such as Biscay or Gipuzkoa). However, in those Basque-speaking regions that supported the uprising (such as Navarre or Álava) the Basque language was more than merely tolerated. Overall, in the 1960s and later, the trend reversed and education and publishing in Basque began to flourish. As a part of this process, a standardised form of the Basque language, called Euskara Batua, was developed by the Euskaltzaindia in the late 1960s. Besides its standardised version, the five historic Basque dialects are Biscayan, Gipuzkoan, and Upper Navarrese in Spain, and Navarrese–Lapurdian and Souletin in France. They take their names from the historic Basque provinces, but the dialect boundaries are not congruent with province boundaries. Euskara Batua was created so that Basque language could be used—and easily understood by all Basque speakers—in formal situations (education, mass media, literature), and this is its main use today. In both Spain and France, the use of Basque for education varies from region to region and from school to school. A language isolate, Basque is believed to be one of the few surviving pre-Indo-European languages in Europe, and the only one in Western Europe. The origin of the Basques and of their languages is not conclusively known, though the most accepted current theory is that early forms of Basque developed prior to the arrival of Indo-European languages in the area, including the Romance languages that geographically surround the Basque-speaking region. Basque has adopted a good deal of its vocabulary from the Romance languages, and Basque speakers have in turn lent their own words to Romance speakers. The Basque alphabet uses the Latin script.

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Basque mythology

The mythology of the ancient Basques largely did not survive the arrival of Christianity in the Basque Country between the 4th and 12th century AD.

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Bassersdorf

Bassersdorf is a municipality in the Swiss canton of Zürich, located in the district of Bülach, and belongs to the Glatt Valley (German: Glattal).

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Bassignana

Bassignana (in Piedmontese dialect Bassgnan-na) is a municipality (population 1,802) in the Province of Alessandria, Piedmont, Italy.

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Batavianization

Batavianization or Batavianisation (see -ise vs -ize) also known as Dutchification and; historically, as Belgianization, is the spread of the Dutch language, people and/or culture either by force or assimilation.

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Battle of Bosworth Field

The Battle of Bosworth Field (or Battle of Bosworth) was the last significant battle of the Wars of the Roses, the civil war between the Houses of Lancaster and York that extended across England in the latter half of the 15th century.

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Battle of Głębokie

The Battle of Głębokie took place during the Polish–Soviet War (1919–21).

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Battle of Guadalete

The Battle of Guadalete was fought in 711 or 712 at an unidentified location between the Christian Visigoths of Hispania under their king, Roderic, and the invading forces of the Muslim Umayyad Caliphate, comprising Arabs and Berbers under the commander Ṭāriq ibn Ziyad.

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Battle of Valea Albă

The Battle of Valea Albă or Battle of Războieni or Battle of Akdere was an important event in the medieval history of Moldavia.

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Baulking

Baulking or Balking is a village and civil parish about southeast of Faringdon in the Vale of White Horse district of Oxfordshire.

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Bayworth

Bayworth is a hamlet in the civil parish of Sunningwell about south of Oxford.

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Bạch Long Vĩ island

Bach Long Vi island is located in the Gulf of Tonkin, about halfway between Hai Phong (Vietnam) and Hainan Island (China).

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Békásmegyer

Békásmegyer (Krottendorf) is a neighbourhood in Budapest, Hungary.

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Böszörmény

Böszörmény, also Izmaelita (Hysmaelita / Ishmaelites) or Szerecsen (Saracens), is a name for the Muslims who lived in the Kingdom of Hungary in the 10–13th centuries.

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Beachampton

Beachampton is a village and civil parish beside the River Great Ouse in the Aylesbury Vale district of Buckinghamshire, England.

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Beagle Channel cartography since 1881

The region of the Beagle Channel, explored by Robert FitzRoy in the 1830s, was one of the last to be colonized by Chile and Argentina.

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Beckford (surname)

Beckford is an English surname derived from Beckford, Worcestershire, or from a similar toponym.

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Bediani (title)

Bediani (ბედიანი) was a medieval title, or a territorial epithet, of the Dadiani, the ruling family of Mingrelia in western Georgia, derived from the canton of Bedia, in Abkhazia, and in use from the end of the 12th century into the 15th.

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Begbroke

Begbroke is a village and civil parish in Oxfordshire about west of Kidlington and northwest of Oxford.

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Begelly

Begelly (Begeli) is a village and parish in south Pembrokeshire, Wales, 7 km north of Tenby.

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Bell (surname)

Bell is a surname common in English speaking countries with several word-origins.

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Bellegarde (surname)

Bellegarde is a French surname derived from a toponym meaning "beautiful watch-tower or look-out" and may refer to the following.

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Belobog

Belobog, Bilobog, Belbog, Bialbog, Byelobog, Bielobog, Belun or Bylun, Bielboh or Bialun (Белбог, Бялун) (all names meaning White God) is a reconstructed Slavic deity of light and Sun, the counterpart of dark and cursed Chernobog (Black God).

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Belzoni, Oklahoma

Belzoni is an area of Pushmataha County, Oklahoma formerly home to a thriving community.

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Bengeo

Bengeo is a suburb and former village on the northwest edge of the county town of Hertford in Hertfordshire, England.

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Benson, Oxfordshire

Benson is a village and civil parish in South Oxfordshire, England.

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Beoley

Beoley is a small village and much larger civil parish just north of Redditch in the Bromsgrove District of Worcestershire, and adjoins Warwickshire to the east.

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Berger

Berger is a surname in both German, and French, although there is no etymological connection between the names in the two languages.

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Berkeley Hills

The Berkeley Hills are a range of the Pacific Coast Ranges that overlook the northeast side of the valley that encompasses San Francisco Bay.

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Berkswell

Berkswell is a village and civil parish in the Metropolitan Borough of Solihull, county of West Midlands, England.

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Bermudo Pérez de Traba

Bermudo Pérez de Traba (died 1168), the eldest son of Count Pedro Fróilaz de Traba and his first wife Urraca Fróilaz, was a member of the most important medieval lineage in Galicia.

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Bernardo O'Higgins

Bernardo O'Higgins Riquelme (1778–1842) was a Chilean independence leader who freed Chile from Spanish rule in the Chilean War of Independence.

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Berrylands

Berrylands is a residential neighbourhood originally forming part of the Municipal Borough of Surbiton, and since 1965 part of the Royal Borough of Kingston upon Thames.

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Besselsleigh

Besselsleigh or Bessels Leigh is a village and civil parish about south-west of Oxford.

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Bhandary

Bhandary or Bhandari is a surname found in various Hindu castes and communities in India and in parts of Nepal.

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Bickenhill

Bickenhill is a village in the civil parish of Bickenhill and Marston Green, in the Solihull district, in the county of the West Midlands, England, on the eastern fringe of the West Midlands conurbation.

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Bicocca

Bicocca, meaning a small castle located in an elevated place (i.e. a small rocca), is a common term in Italian toponymy, It may refer to.

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Biddlesden

Biddlesden is a village and civil parish in Aylesbury Vale district in north-west Buckinghamshire, England on the boundary with Northamptonshire.

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Bilingual sign

A bilingual sign (or, by extension, a multilingual sign) is the representation on a panel (sign, usually a traffic sign, a safety sign, an informational sign) of texts in more than one language.

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Billington, Bedfordshire

Billington is a civil parish in Bedfordshire about south of Leighton Buzzard and not far from the Buckinghamshire border.

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Birreencorragh

Birreencorragh is a mountain in the Nephin Beg Range, County Mayo, Ireland, reaching above sea level.

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Birtsmorton Court

Birtsmorton Court is a Grade I listed fortified medieval moated manor house near Malvern in Worcestershire, in the former woodlands of Malvern Chase.

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Bisceglie

Bisceglie (pronounced bee-SHEL-yeh, or Vescégghie in the Bisceglie dialect is a city and municipality on the Adriatic Sea of inhabitants in the province of Barletta-Andria-Trani, in the Apulia region (Italian: Puglia), in southern Italy. The city was awarded Blue Flag Beach certification in 2001 for high environmental and quality standards. Scallette and Salsello Beaches were also certified in 2003, 2005 and 2006. It is the municipality with the fourth highest population in the province Retrieved 11 Sepember 2014 and fourteenth highest in the region. Retrieved 9 November 2011 It is an important agricultural hub, with manufacturers mainly in the textile industry.

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Bishop's Itchington

Bishop's Itchington is a village and civil parish in the Stratford-on-Avon district of Warwickshire, England.

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Bitburg

Bitburg (Bitbourg; Béibreg) is a city in Germany, in the state of Rhineland-Palatinate approximately 25 km (16 mi.) northwest of Trier and 50 km (31 mi.) northeast of Luxembourg city.

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Bix, Oxfordshire

Bix is a village in the civil parish of Bix and Assendon in South Oxfordshire, about northwest of Henley-on-Thames.

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Bjarmaland

Bjarmaland (also spelt Bjarmland and Bjarmia; Latin: Biarmia or Byarmia; Old English: Beormaland) was a territory mentioned in Norse sagas since the Viking Age and in geographical accounts until the 16th century.

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Black swan emblems and popular culture

The black swan (Cygnus atratus) is widely referenced in Australian culture, although the character of that importance historically diverges between the prosaic in the East and the symbolic in West.

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Blackthorn, Oxfordshire

Blackthorn is a village and civil parish in the Cherwell District of Oxfordshire about southeast of Bicester.

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Blasco Gardéliz de Ezcároz

Blasco Gardéliz de Ezcároz was the bishop of Pamplona (as Blasco II) from 1068 until 1078 or 1079.

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Bledlow

Bledlow is a village in the civil parish of Bledlow-cum-Saunderton in Buckinghamshire, England.

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Bletherston

Bletherston (Trefelen) is a hamlet and parish in Pembrokeshire, Wales.

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Blo' Norton

Blo' Norton is a village and civil parish in the Breckland district of Norfolk, England, on the River Little Ouse, about west of Diss.

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Bloodworth (surname)

Bloodworth is an English surname derived possibly from Blidworth in Nottinghamshire or from a similar toponym.

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Bloxham

Bloxham is a village and civil parish in northern Oxfordshire on the edge of the Cotswolds, about southwest of Banbury.

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Blumenberg (surname)

Blumenberg is a German surname derived from the toponym Blumenberg ("flower hill" or "mountain").

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BMT Canarsie Line

The Canarsie Line (sometimes referred to as the 14th Street–Eastern Line) is a rapid transit line of the Brooklyn–Manhattan Transit Corporation (BMT) Division of the New York City Subway system, named after its terminus in the Canarsie neighborhood of Brooklyn.

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Boaventura, São Vicente

Boaventura (Portuguese for Bonaventure) is a civil parish in the municipality of São Vicente in the Portuguese island of Madeira.

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Božidar Finka

Božidar Finka (19 December 1925, Sali, Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes – 17 May 1999) was a Croatian linguist and lexicographer.

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Bodilly

Bodilly is a hamlet in south Cornwall, England, United Kingdom, that lends its name to neighbouring farms and settlements.

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Bogue Banks

Bogue Banks form a barrier island off the mainland of North Carolina in Carteret County.

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Bohringer

Bohringer, Böhringer or Boehringer is a surname, and may refer to; Böhringer probably derives from the toponymic Böhringen mainly found in Baden-Württemberg.

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Borsboom

Borsboom is a Dutch surname.

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Botley, Oxfordshire

Botley is a village in the civil parish of North Hinksey in the ceremonial county of Oxfordshire, just west of the Oxford city boundary.

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Bouea macrophylla

Bouea macrophylla, commonly known as gandaria in English, is a species of flowering plant native to Southeast Asia.

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Bourton, Vale of White Horse

Bourton is a village and civil parish in the Vale of White Horse about southeast of Highworth in neighbouring Wiltshire.

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Bouzonville

Bouzonville (Lorraine Franconian: Busendroff) is a commune in the Moselle department in Grand Est in northeastern France.

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Bovec

Bovec (or;, Flitsch, Plèz) is a town in the Littoral region in northwestern Slovenia, close to border with Italy.

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Bow Street, Ceredigion

Bow Street is a large village in the Tirymynach district of Ceredigion, Wales, approximately north-east of Aberystwyth.

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Bozkath

Bozkath (Hebrew בצקת; boṣqaṯ) is a town in the Kingdom of Judah mentioned in the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament.

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Bradshaw, Greater Manchester

Bradshaw is a village of the unparished area of South Turton in the Metropolitan Borough of Bolton in Greater Manchester, England.

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Brazilian Portuguese

Brazilian Portuguese (português do Brasil or português brasileiro) is a set of dialects of the Portuguese language used mostly in Brazil.

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Breedon on the Hill

Breedon on the Hill is a village and civil parish about north of Ashby-de-la-Zouch in North West Leicestershire, England.

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Brenton

Brenton is an English place name and surname.

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Bretton, Flintshire

Bretton is a village in Flintshire, Wales.

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Brewood

Brewood refers both to a settlement, which was once a town but is now a village, in South Staffordshire, England, and to the civil parish of which it is the centre.

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Brigantia (goddess)

Brigantia was a goddess in Celtic (Gallo-Roman and Romano-British) religion of Late Antiquity.

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Brighthampton

Brighthampton is a hamlet about south of Witney in West Oxfordshire and contiguous with the village of Standlake.

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Brightwell (surname)

Brightwell is an English surname derived from Brightwell or a similar toponym.

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British Isles naming dispute

In British English usage, the toponym "British Isles" refers to a European archipelago consisting of Great Britain, Ireland and adjacent islands.

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Brittonic languages

The Brittonic, Brythonic or British Celtic languages (ieithoedd Brythonaidd/Prydeinig; yethow brythonek/predennek; yezhoù predenek) form one of the two branches of the Insular Celtic language family; the other is Goidelic.

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Brize Norton

Brize Norton is a village and civil parish east of Carterton in West Oxfordshire.

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Broadward

Broadward is a dispersed hamlet in south Shropshire, England, situated by the border with Herefordshire.

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Brompton (surname)

The name Brompton is today mainly associated with locations and businesses, and less so as an actual surname.

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Bronnitsy

Bronnitsy (Бро́нницы) is a town in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located southeast of central Moscow and west of the Bronnitsy station on the Moscow–Ryazan railroad.

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Brooks (surname)

Brooks is a toponymic surname that is thought to have been derived residing near a stream (or brook) from both the Swedish surname Bäckland, meaning bäck "brook, stream" and lund "grove" and English, Gaelic and Scottish from the possessive case of Brook (i.e. ‘of the brook’) from pre 7th century English origins; Old English broc and appearing in the Medieval predecessors of "Brooks" such as "Ate-Broc" and "Atte-Broc".

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Brownie (folklore)

A brownie (Lowland Scots), also known as a brùnaidh, ùruisg, or gruagach (Scottish Gaelic), is a mythical household spirit from English and Scottish folklore.

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Bruce Springsteen

Bruce Frederick Joseph Springsteen (born September 23, 1949) is an American singer-songwriter and musician, known for his work with the E Street Band.

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Bucaná

Bucaná is one of the 31 barrios of the municipality of Ponce, Puerto Rico.

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Buckland, Buckinghamshire

Buckland is a village and civil parish in Aylesbury Vale district in Buckinghamshire, England.

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Buckland, Oxfordshire

Buckland is a village and large civil parish about northeast of Faringdon in the Vale of White Horse District.

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Bugeja

Bugeja is a surname originating in the Mediterranean island of Malta.

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Bukovica pri Litiji

Bukovica pri Litiji is a small settlement in the Municipality of Šmartno pri Litiji in central Slovenia.

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Bukovica pri Vodicah

Bukovica pri Vodicah (in older sources also Bukovca,Leksikon občin kraljestev in dežel zastopanih v državnem zboru, vol. 6: Kranjsko. 1906. Vienna: C. Kr. Dvorna in Državna Tiskarna, p. 32. Bukowitz) is a settlement in the Municipality of Vodice in the Upper Carniola region of Slovenia.

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Bukovica, Škofja Loka

Bukovica (WukouzaLeksikon občin kraljestev in dežel zastopanih v državnem zboru, vol. 6: Kranjsko. 1906. Vienna: C. Kr. Dvorna in Državna Tiskarna, p. 60.) is a village in the Municipality of Škofja Loka in the Upper Carniola region of Slovenia.

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Bukovica, Ivančna Gorica

Bukovica (BukowitzLeksikon občin kraljestev in dežel zastopanih v državnem zboru, vol. 6: Kranjsko. 1906. Vienna: C. Kr. Dvorna in Državna Tiskarna, pp. 96-97.) is a village in the Municipality of Ivančna Gorica in central Slovenia.

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Bukovica, Renče–Vogrsko

Bukovica (Boccavizza) is a village in the lower Vipava Valley in the Municipality of Renče–Vogrsko in the Littoral region of Slovenia.

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Bukovica, Ribnica

Bukovica (BukowitzLeksikon občin kraljestev in dežel zastopanih v državnem zboru, vol. 6: Kranjsko. 1906. Vienna: C. Kr. Dvorna in Državna Tiskarna, p. 48.) is a small settlement west of the town of Ribnica in southern Slovenia.

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Bukowski (surname)

Bukowski, Bukovski, Bukovsky or Bukouski is a surname.

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Bulgarian exonyms

This is a list of Bulgarian exonyms for places in Europe.

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Bulgarian toponyms in Antarctica

Bulgarian toponyms in Antarctica are approved by the Antarctic Place-names Commission in compliance with its Toponymic Guidelines, and formally given by the President of the Republic according to the Bulgarian Constitution and the established international and Bulgarian practice.

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Bulgarians in Albania

Ethnic Bulgarians in present-day Albania live mostly in the areas of Mala Prespa, Golo Brdo and Gora.

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Bulgarians in Italy

The Bulgarians in Italy are one of the sizable communities of the Bulgarian diaspora in Western Europe.

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Burdrop

Burdrop is a village in Sibford Gower civil parish, about west of Banbury in Oxfordshire, England.

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Burford

Burford is a medieval town on the River Windrush in the Cotswold hills in West Oxfordshire, England.

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Burgh

A burgh was an autonomous municipal corporation in Scotland and Northern England, usually a town, or toun in Scots.

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Burgh Castle Roman Site

Burgh Castle is the site of one of several Roman shore forts constructed in England around the 3rd century AD, to hold cavalry as a defence against Saxon raids up the rivers of the east and south coasts of southern Britain.

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Burghfield

Burghfield is a village and large civil parish in West Berkshire, England, with a boundary with Reading.

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Burmese language

The Burmese language (မြန်မာဘာသာ, MLCTS: mranmabhasa, IPA) is the official language of Myanmar.

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Burnham, Buckinghamshire

Burnham is a large village and civil parish that lies north of the River Thames in the South Bucks District of Buckinghamshire, on the boundary with Berkshire, between the towns of Maidenhead and Slough, about 23 miles west of Charing Cross, London.

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Burpham

Burpham is a rural village and civil parish in the Arun District of West Sussex, England.

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Burton, Dorset

Burton is a village and civil parish in the borough of Christchurch, Dorset, England.

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Bus Driver's Prayer

The Bus Driver's Prayer, also known as the Busman's Lord's Prayer, is a parody of the Lord's Prayer that takes the bus driver around Greater London (while avoiding further destinations).

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Bushong

Bushong is a surname found mostly in the United States, derived from the surname Boschung found mainly in Switzerland, but also in the Palatinate and other regions in Western Europe.

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Butchulla

The Butchulla, also written Badjala, Badjula, Badjela, Bajellah, Badtjala and Budjilla are an Indigenous Australian people of Queensland.

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Buyla inscription

The Buyla inscription is a 9-word, 56-character inscription written in the Greek alphabet but in a non-Greek language.

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Byram, North Yorkshire

Byram is a village in the Selby District in North Yorkshire, England.

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Cabin John, Maryland

Cabin John is a census-designated place and an unincorporated area in Montgomery County, Maryland, United States.

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Caergwrle

Caergwrle is a village in the county of Flintshire, in north east Wales.

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Caledonia

Caledonia is the Latin name given by the Romans to the land in today's Scotland, north of their province of Britannia, beyond the frontier of their empire.

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California English

California English (or Californian English) collectively refers to American English in California, particularly an emerging youthful variety, mostly associated with speakers of urban and coastal California.

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Campaniacum

Campaniacum is the etymon inferred from numerous toponyms in France.

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Canarian Spanish

Canarian Spanish (Spanish: español de las Canarias, español canario, habla canaria, isleño, dialecto canario or vernacular canario) is a variant of standard Spanish spoken in the Canary Islands by the Canarian people.

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Canzés dialect

Canzés (also written Canzees) is a variety of Brianzöö (a Western Lombard language) spoken in the commune of Canzo, Italy.

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Canzo

Canzo (in the Italian language, Canz or, in the Lombard language, depending on native or Milanese pronunciation) is a commune of the Italian province of Como.

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Capelas

Capelas (Portuguese for chapels) is a civil parish along the northern coast of the municipality of Ponta Delgada, on the island of São Miguel in the Portuguese Azores.

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Capitanejo (Ponce)

Capitanejo is one of the 31 barrios of the municipality of Ponce, Puerto Rico.

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Carantanians

Carantanians (Quarantani; Karantanci) were a Slavic people of the Early Middle Ages (Latin: Sclavi qui dicuntur Quarantani, or "Slavs called Caranthanians").

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Carballo

Carballo is a municipality in the north western region of Spain in the Province of A Coruña, the second-largest city in the Autonomous community of Galicia, Spain and seventeenth overall in the country.

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Carcassonne

Carcassonne (Carcaso) is a French fortified city in the department of Aude, in the region of Occitanie.

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Caribmap

Caribmap is a non-profit online library of historical and modern maps, including topographic maps, of the Caribbean islands.

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Caron

A caron, háček or haček (or; plural háčeks or háčky) also known as a hachek, wedge, check, inverted circumflex, inverted hat, is a diacritic (ˇ) commonly placed over certain letters in the orthography of some Baltic, Slavic, Finnic, Samic, Berber, and other languages to indicate a change in the related letter's pronunciation (c > č; >). The use of the haček differs according to the orthographic rules of a language.

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Carta Pisana

The Carta Pisana is a map made at the end of the 13th century, about 1275-1300.

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Cartographic labeling

Cartographic labeling is a form of typography and strongly deals with form, style, weight and size of type on a map.

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Cartography

Cartography (from Greek χάρτης chartēs, "papyrus, sheet of paper, map"; and γράφειν graphein, "write") is the study and practice of making maps.

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Caryatid

A caryatid (Καρυάτις, plural: Καρυάτιδες) is a sculpted female figure serving as an architectural support taking the place of a column or a pillar supporting an entablature on her head.

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Cascina a corte

In Italy, the phrase cascina a corte (plural: cascine a corte) refers to a type of rural building traditional of the Po Valley, especially of Lombardy and of some areas of Piedmont and Emilia-Romagna.

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Cassington

Cassington is a village and civil parish in Oxfordshire about northwest of Oxford.

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Castellan, Pembrokeshire

Castellan is an ancient hamlet and, until 1974, was a parish in the Hundred of Kilgerran, Pembrokeshire, Wales.

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Castile (historical region)

Castile is a vaguely defined historical region of Spain.

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Castlebythe

Castlebythe (Cas-fuwch) is a village and parish in Pembrokeshire, Wales, on the southern slopes of the Preseli Hills, 10 km south-east of Fishguard.

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Castor, Cambridgeshire

Castor is a village and civil parish in the City of Peterborough unitary authority, about west of the city centre.

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Cat's Ash

Cat's Ash (Cathonnen) is a small hamlet to the east of the city centre of the city of Newport, South East Wales.

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Catalogue of Ships

The Catalogue of Ships (νεῶν κατάλογος, neōn katálogos) is an epic catalogue in Book 2 of Homer's Iliad (2.494-759), which lists the contingents of the Achaean army that sailed to Troy.

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Cathan

Saint Cathan, Naomh Catháin also known as Catan, Cattan, Cadan etc., was the son of the King of Dál Riata Áedán Mac Gabráin who was crowned by Saint Columba in 574AD.

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Catmore

Catmore is a civil parish and small village in West Berkshire about south-east of Wantage.

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Cauquenes

Cauquenes, a city and commune in Chile, is the capital of the Cauquenes Province and is located in the Maule Region.

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Causantín mac Cináeda

Causantín or Constantín mac Cináeda (in Modern Gaelic: Còiseam mac Choinnich; died 877) was a king of the Picts.

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Caversfield

Caversfield is a village and civil parish about north of the centre of Bicester.

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Cîteaux Abbey

Cîteaux Abbey (French: Abbaye de Cîteaux) is a Roman Catholic abbey located in Saint-Nicolas-lès-Cîteaux, south of Dijon, France.

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Celtiberians

The Celtiberians were a group of Celts or Celticized peoples inhabiting the central-eastern Iberian Peninsula during the final centuries BC.

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Celtic deities

The gods and goddesses of the pre-Christian Celtic peoples are known from a variety of sources, including ancient places of worship, statues, engravings, cult objects and place or personal names.

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Celtic toponymy

Celtic toponymy is the study of place names wholly or partially of Celtic origin.

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Celts

The Celts (see pronunciation of ''Celt'' for different usages) were an Indo-European people in Iron Age and Medieval Europe who spoke Celtic languages and had cultural similarities, although the relationship between ethnic, linguistic and cultural factors in the Celtic world remains uncertain and controversial.

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Central Jersey

Central Jersey is the central region of the U.S. state of New Jersey.

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Cenydd

Saint Cenydd (Modern Cennydd; Kinède; century), sometimes Anglicized as Saint Kenneth, was a Christian hermit on the Gower Peninsula in Wales, where he is credited with the foundation of the church at Llangennith.

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Cesar Chavez Boulevard (Portland, Oregon)

Cesar E. Chavez Boulevard (signs read César E. Chávez Blvd) is a street in Portland, Oregon, United States.

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Cetina

Cetina is a river in southern Croatia.

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Chad of Mercia

Chad (died 2 March 672) was a prominent 7th century Anglo-Saxon churchman, who became abbot of several monasteries, Bishop of the Northumbrians and subsequently Bishop of the Mercians and Lindsey People.

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Chambourg-sur-Indre

Chambourg-sur-Indre is a French commune the department of Indre-et-Loire in the region of Centre-Val de Loire.

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Chameria

Chameria (Çamëria; Τσαμουριά Tsamouriá; Çamlık) is a term used today mostly by Albanians for parts of the coastal region of Epirus in southern Albania and the historical Greek region of Epirus, traditionally associated with an Albanian speaking population called Chams.

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Charlbury

Charlbury is a small town and civil parish in the Evenlode valley, about north of Witney in West Oxfordshire.

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Charles Rostaing

Charles Rostaing (9 October 1904 – 24 April 1999) was a French linguist who specialised in toponymy.

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Charles Tyers

Captain Charles James Tyers RN FRSV (13 September 1806–20 September 1870) was a 19th-century Australian surveyor and explorer, and the Commissioner of Crown Lands for Portland (1841) and Gippsland (1844).

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Charles's Cross

In the Middle Ages, Charles's Cross (Crux Caroli Regis), high in the Pyrenees, marked the frontier between the Kingdom of Navarre and the Duchy of Gascony, specifically the boundary between the Diocese of Bayonne and the Diocese of Pamplona.

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Charndon

Charndon is a hamlet and civil parish in the Aylesbury Vale district of Buckinghamshire, England.

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Charter of the French Language

The Charter of the French Language (La charte de la langue française), also known as Bill 101 (Law 101 or Loi 101), is a 1977 law in the province of Quebec in Canada defining French, the language of the majority of the population, as the official language of the provincial government.

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Charwelton

Charwelton is a village and civil parish about south of Daventry in Northamptonshire, England.

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Chemin de Cocaigne

The Chemin de Cocaigne was a Gallo-Roman way of Gaul in what is now France, later restored under the Carolingians, running from the Cotentin peninsula of what would become Normandy, skirting Brittany, to Gascony in the southwest of Gaul, beyond Aquitaine.

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Cherwell Valley line

The Cherwell Valley line is the railway line between and via.

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Chester (placename element)

The English place-name Chester, and the suffixes -chester, -caster and -cester, are commonly indications that the place is the site of a Roman castrum, meaning a military camp or fort, but it can also apply to the site of a pre-historic fort.

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Chiado

Chiado is the name of a square and its surrounding area in the city of Lisbon, Portugal.

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Chianan Irrigation

Chianan Irrigation, also known as the Kanan Irrigation System, was built for promoting the agricultural productions of Chianan Plain of Taiwan.

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Childrey

Childrey is a village and civil parish about west of Wantage in the Vale of White Horse.

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Chilson

Chilson is a hamlet and civil parish in the Evenlode Valley in West Oxfordshire, England, about south of Chipping Norton.

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Chilton, Buckinghamshire

Chilton is a village and civil parish in Aylesbury Vale district in Buckinghamshire, England.

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Chimney, Oxfordshire

Chimney is a hamlet on the River Thames near Shifford Lock, south of Witney in Oxfordshire.

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Chinese compound surname

A Chinese compound surname is a Chinese surname using more than one character.

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Chinese exonyms

When a foreign place name, or toponym, occurs in Chinese text, the problem arises of spelling it in Chinese characters, given the limited phonetics and restrictive phonology of Mandarin Chinese, and the possible meaning of those characters when treated as Chinese words.

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Chinnor

Chinnor is a large village and civil parish in South Oxfordshire about southeast of Thame.

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Chipping Warden

Chipping Warden is a village in Northamptonshire, England about northeast of the Oxfordshire town of Banbury.

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Chiprovtsi

Chiprovtsi (Чипровци, pronounced) is a small town in northwestern Bulgaria, administratively part of Montana Province.

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Chirbury

Chirbury is a village in west Shropshire, England.

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Chiselhampton

Chiselhampton is a village on the River Thame about southeast of Oxford in Oxfordshire, England.

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Chornomorets

Chornomorets is a Ukrainian toponymical term with reference to Black Sea (translit).

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Christina of the Isles

Christina of the Isles (fl. 1290–1318) was a fourteenth-century Scottish noblewoman.

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Christmas Common

Christmas Common is a hamlet in Watlington civil parish, Oxfordshire about south of Thame in Oxfordshire, close to the boundary with Buckinghamshire.

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Chud

Chud or Chude (чудь, in Finnic languages: tshuudi, tšuudi, čuđit) is a term historically applied in the early Russian annals to several Finnic peoples in the area of what is now Estonia, Karelia and Northwestern Russia.

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Church Stoke

Churchstoke or Church Stoke (Yr Ystog) is a village, community and electoral ward in Powys, Wales.

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Churchill, Oxfordshire

Churchill is a village and civil parish about southwest of Chipping Norton, Oxfordshire in the Cotswolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

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Churubusco, Indiana

Churubusco; often shortened to Busco), is a town located near the headwaters of the Eel River in the extreme northeast corner of Whitley County, Indiana, United States, in Smith Township, about northwest of Fort Wayne. The population was 1,796 at the 2010 census.

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Cill Ghallagáin

Cill Ghallagáin (anglicised as Kilgalligan) is a small Gaeltacht coastal townland and village in the northwest corner of Kilcommon Parish, County Mayo, Republic of Ireland, an area of in size.

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Cilrhedyn

Cilrhedyn is a hamlet and parish in the counties of Carmarthenshire and Pembrokeshire, Wales, in the hill country to the south of the Teifi valley.

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Cilternsæte

The Cilternsæte (or Ciltern Sætna) were a tribe that occupied the Chilterns, probably in the 6th century AD.

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Cimmerians

The Cimmerians (also Kimmerians; Greek: Κιμμέριοι, Kimmérioi) were an ancient people, who appeared about 1000 BC and are mentioned later in 8th century BC in Assyrian records.

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Cisco, Minnesota

Cisco is a place name for the remnants of a former unincorporated community located along the Soo Line Railroad and US 59 in the NW 1/4 of Section 11 of Badger Township, 149 North, Range 42 West, in Polk County, United States, approximately four miles north of the city of Erskine, and about the same distance south of the city of Brooks.

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City of Salt

The City of Salt or Ir-melah (עיר המלח in Hebrew) is a town referred to in the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament.

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Clan Cairns

Clan Cairns is a Scottish clan.

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Clan Craig

Clan Craig is a Scottish clan hailing from Aberdeenshire.

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Clan Moffat

Clan Moffat is a Lowland Scottish clan of ancient origin.

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Clan Schaw

Clan Schaw is a Lowland Scottish clan.

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Clarbeston

Clarbeston (Treglarbes) is a village and parish in Pembrokeshire, Wales, east of Haverfordwest.

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Claros (surname)

Claros is a Spanish language topographic name, which is derived from claro, meaning a "clearing in a forest".

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Claverdon

Claverdon is a village and civil parish in the Stratford district of Warwickshire, England, about west of the county town of Warwick.

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Clifton Hampden

Clifton Hampden is a village and civil parish on the north bank of the River Thames, just over east of Abingdon in Oxfordshire.

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Clungunford

Clungunford is a village and civil parish in south Shropshire, England, located near the border with Herefordshire.

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Clunia

Clunia (full name Colonia Clunia Sulpicia) was an ancient Roman city.

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Coat of arms of Tuxtla Gutiérrez

In 1941, at the suggestion of the historian Fernando Castañón Gamboa, the city council of Tuxtla Gutiérrez, presided over by Fidel Martínez, adopted as its municipal coat of arms the local pre-Columbian heraldric figures used in times of Mexica control: The figure of a rabbit standing upright upon a jawbone with three teeth.

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Coedcanlas

Coedcanlas is a hamlet and parish in Pembrokeshire, Wales, on the eastern shore of the Daugleddau estuary, north of Pembroke.

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Collingbourne Kingston

Collingbourne Kingston is a village and civil parish about south of the market town of Marlborough in Wiltshire, England.

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Columbia (name)

"Columbia" is a historical name used by both Europeans and Americans to describe the Americas, the New World, and often, more specifically, the United States of America.

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Combe Martin

Combe Martin is a village, civil parish and former manor on the North Devon coast about east of Ilfracombe.

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Commission de toponymie du Québec

The Commission de toponymie du Québec (English: Toponymy Commission of Québec) is the Government of Québec's public body responsible for cataloging, preserving, making official and publicize Québec's place names and their origins according to the province's toponymy rules.

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Commission for the Determination of Place Names

The Commission for the Determination of Place Names (Komisja Ustalania Nazw Miejscowości) was a commission of the Polish Department of Public Administration, founded in January 1946.

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Common Brittonic

Common Brittonic was an ancient Celtic language spoken in Britain.

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Composite Gazetteer of Antarctica

The Composite Gazetteer of Antarctica (CGA) of the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR) is the authoritative international gazetteer containing all the Antarctic toponyms published in national gazetteers, plus basic information about those names and the relevant geographical features.

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Compton Beauchamp

Compton Beauchamp is a hamlet and civil parish southeast of Shrivenham in the Vale of White Horse, England.

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Conall Gulban

Conall Gulban (died c. 464) was an Irish king and eponymous ancestor of the Cenél Conaill, who founded the kingdom of Tír Chonaill in the 5th century, comprising much of what is now County Donegal in Ulster.

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Condom, Gers

Condom (Condòm), also referred to as Condom-en-Armagnac, is a commune in southwestern France in the department of Gers, of which it is a subprefecture.

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Connah's Quay

Connah's Quay (Cei Connah) known locally as "The Quay"is a community and the largest town in Flintshire, lying within the Deeside conurbation along the River Dee, near the border with England.

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Conquest of Majorca

The Conquest of the island of Majorca on behalf of the Christian kingdoms was carried out by King James I of Aragon between 1229 and 1231.

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Constantine II of Scotland

Constantine, son of Áed (Medieval Gaelic: Constantín mac Áeda; Modern Gaelic: Còiseam mac Aoidh, known in most modern regnal lists as Constantine II; died 952) was an early King of Scotland, known then by the Gaelic name Alba.

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Constitution of Italy

The Constitution of the Italian Republic (Costituzione della Repubblica Italiana) was enacted by the Constituent Assembly on 22 December 1947, with 453 votes in favour and 62 against.

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Continental Celtic languages

The Continental Celtic languages are the Celtic languages, now extinct, that were spoken on the continent of Europe, as distinguished from the Insular Celtic languages of the British Isles and Brittany.

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Contursi Terme

Contursi Terme (Contursano: Cundurs) is a village and comune in the province of Salerno in the Campania region of south-western Italy.

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Conversion of Kartli (chronicle)

The Conversion of Kartli (მოქცევაჲ ქართლისაჲ, Asomtavruli: ႫႭႵႺႤႥႠჂ ႵႠႰႧႪႨႱႠჂ) is the earliest surviving medieval Georgian historical compendium, independent from The Georgian Chronicles, the major corpus historicum of medieval Georgia.

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Coopernookia

Coopernookia is a plant genus of understory xerophytes and mesophytes in the Goodeniaceae family.

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Cornashamsogue

Cornashamsogue is a small townland near Drumshanbo, County Leitrim, Ireland.

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Corsica

Corsica (Corse; Corsica in Corsican and Italian, pronounced and respectively) is an island in the Mediterranean Sea and one of the 18 regions of France.

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Cortes, Bohol

Cortes is a settlement_text in the province of, Philippines.

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Cosheston

Cosheston is a village, parish and community in Pembrokeshire, Wales.

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Cossack Hetmanate

The Cossack Hetmanate (Гетьманщина), officially known as Zaporizhian Host (Військо Запорозьке), was a Cossack state in Central Ukraine between 1649 and 1764 (some sources claim until 1782).

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Costa Brava

The Costa Brava ("Wild Coast" or "Rough Coast") is a coastal region of Catalonia in northeastern Spain, consisting of the comarques (counties) of Alt Empordà, Baix Empordà and Selva in the province of Girona.

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Costa da Caparica

Costa de Caparica is a Portuguese civil parish, located in the municipality of Almada along the western coast of the district of Setúbal.

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Coto Laurel

Coto Laurel (Barrio Coto Laurel) is one of the 31 barrios of the municipality of Ponce, Puerto Rico.

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Cottisford

Cottisford is a village and civil parish in Oxfordshire, about south of Brackley in neighbouring Northamptonshire.

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Councils of Clovesho

The Councils of Clovesho or Clofesho were a series of synods attended by Anglo-Saxon kings, bishops, abbots and nobles in the 8th and 9th centuries.

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Crasta

Crasta is a surname found amongst the Mangalorean Catholic community of Portuguese descent.

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Cratendune

Cratendune is the name of the lost village reported in the Liber Eliensis, the history of the abbey, then Ely Cathedral, compiled towards the end of the 12th century, as the 500th anniversary of the traditional founding date drew near.

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Cretan Greek

Cretan Greek, or the Cretan dialect (κρητική διάλεκτος), is a variety of Modern Greek spoken in Crete and by the Cretan diaspora.

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Crinow

Crinow (Crynwedd) is a village and parish in Pembrokeshire, Wales, east of Narberth.

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Croatian name

Croatian names follow complex and unique lettering, structuring, composition, and naming customs that have considerable similarities with most other European name systems, and with those of other Slavic peoples in particular.

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Cropredy

Cropredy is a village and civil parish on the River Cherwell, north of Banbury in Oxfordshire.

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Crowell, Oxfordshire

Crowell is a village and civil parish in Oxfordshire, about southeast of the market town of Thame and southwest of the village of Chinnor.

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Cruïlles, Monells i Sant Sadurní de l'Heura

Cruïlles, Monells i Sant Sadurní de l'Heura is a Spanish municipality of the Province of Girona, situated in the comarca (county) of Baix Empordà (Catalonia), formed in 1973 by merging the municipalities of Cruïlles, Monells, and Sant Sadurní de l'Heura.

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Cucuphas

Saint Cucuphas (also Cucufas or Qaqophas, Cugat, Culgat, Cougat, Cucufate, Cucufato, Cocoba(s), Cucuphat, Cucufa, Cucuphat, Quiquenfat, Covade, Cobad, Cophan, Cucao) is a martyr of Spain.

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Cuddesdon

Cuddesdon is a mainly rural village in South Oxfordshire centred ESE of Oxford.

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Culcheth and Glazebury

Culcheth and Glazebury is a civil parish in Warrington, England.

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Culham

Culham is a village and civil parish in a bend of the River Thames, south of Abingdon in Oxfordshire.

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Culmington

Culmington is a village and civil parish in south Shropshire, England, about east of Craven Arms and north of Ludlow.

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Culture of Albania

The Culture of Albania is a term that embodies the artistic, culinary, literary, musical, political and social elements that are representative of Albania and Albanians.

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Culverhouse

Culverhouse is an English topographic surname, which originally meaning a person who tended or lived near a dovecote, derived from the Old English culfrehus ("dovecote").

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Culvestan

Culvestan was a hundred of Shropshire, England.

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Cumbrian toponymy

Cumbrian toponymy refers to the study of place names in Cumbria, a county in North West England, and as a result of the spread of the ancient Cumbric language, further parts of northern England and the Southern Uplands of Scotland.

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Cunha

Cunha is a Galician and Portuguese surname of toponymic origin, documented since the 13th century.

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Cunt

Cunt is a vulgar word for the vulva or vagina and is also used as a term of disparagement.

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Curetán

Saint Curetán (Latin: Curitanus, Kiritinus, or Boniface) was a Scoto-Pictish bishop and saint, (fl. between 690 and 710).

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Cusco Region

Cusco, also spelled Cuzco (Qusqu suyu), is a region in Peru.

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Cuyamaca, California

Cuyamaca (Kumeyaay: 'Ekwiiyemak) is a region of eastern San Diego County.

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Cuzcurrita de Río Tirón

Cuzcurrita de Río Tirón, known as Cuzcurrita is a village in the province and autonomous community of La Rioja, Spain.

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Cynllibiwg

Cynllibiwg (or some variation) was evidently a place name in early medieval Wales.

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Cynopolis

Cynopolis (Greek for "city of the dog") was the Hellenistic toponym for two cities in Ancient Egypt.

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Cyricus and Julitta

Cyricus (ܡܪܝ ܩܘܪܝܩܘܣ ܣܗܕܐ Mar Quriaqos Sahada; also Cyriacus, Quiriac, Quiricus, Cyr), and his mother, Julitta (Ἰουλίττα, ܝܘܠܝܛܐ, Yolitha; also Julietta) are venerated as early Christian martyrs.

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Dacia

In ancient geography, especially in Roman sources, Dacia was the land inhabited by the Dacians.

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Dacian language

The extinct Dacian language was spoken in the Carpathian region in antiquity.

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Dahra Range

The Dahra Range is a mountain range located in northern Algeria.

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Dalitstan.org

Dalitstan.org was a Dalit advocacy website active until mid-2006, one of 18 websites that were blocked by the Indian government following the 11 July 2006 Mumbai train bombings.

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Dallas (name)

Dallas is a surname of Scottish and English origin, as well as a given name.

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Danescourt

Danescourt is an outer suburb of western Cardiff, just over northwest of Cardiff city centre.

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Danggali people

The Danggali are an indigenous Australian people of the state of South Australia.

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Dangu people

The Dangu are an indigenous Australian people of Arnhem Land, in the Northern Territory.

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Danish language

Danish (dansk, dansk sprog) is a North Germanic language spoken by around six million people, principally in Denmark and in the region of Southern Schleswig in northern Germany, where it has minority language status.

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Darcy (surname)

Darcy/d'Arcy (or variant forms Darci or Darcey), lit.

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Daugava

The Daugava (Daugova) or Western Dvina is a river rising in the Valdai Hills, Russia, flowing through Russia, Belarus, and Latvia and into the Gulf of Riga.

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Dąbrowa Górnicza

Dąbrowa Górnicza is a city in Zagłębie Dąbrowskie, southern Poland, near Katowice and Sosnowiec.

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Dąbrowski

Dąbrowski (feminine Dąbrowska, plural Dąbrowscy) or Dabrowski is the 11th most common surname in Poland (87,304 people in 2009);Citation: Zawadzki, 2002 this is down from an apparent rank of 4th in 1990.

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Dean, Oxfordshire

Dean is a hamlet in Spelsbury civil parish, about north of Charlbury and southeast of Chipping Norton, Oxfordshire.

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Deddington

Deddington is a civil parish and small town in Oxfordshire about south of Banbury.

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Deerhurst

Deerhurst is a village and civil parish in Gloucestershire, England, about southwest of Tewkesbury.

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Delaware

Delaware is one of the 50 states of the United States, in the Mid-Atlantic or Northeastern region.

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Delaware Valley

The Delaware Valley is the valley through which the Delaware River flows.

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Demonym

A demonym (δῆμος dẽmos "people, tribe", ὄόνομα ónoma "name") is a word that identifies residents or natives of a particular place, which is derived from the name of that particular place.

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Denchworth

Denchworth is a village and civil parish about north of Wantage.

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Denton, Oxfordshire

Denton is a hamlet in the civil parish of Cuddesdon and Denton in Oxfordshire.

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Deportation of the Crimean Tatars

The deportation of the Crimean Tatars (Crimean Tatar Qırımtatar sürgünligi; Ukrainian Депортація кримських татар; Russian Депортация крымских татар) was the ethnic cleansing of at least 191,044 Tatars from Crimea in May 1944.

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Dercolo

Dercolo is a district (frazione) of the municipality (comune) of Campodenno in the autonomous province of Trento, Italy.

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Dernbach, Westerwaldkreis

Dernbach (Westerwald) is a local community (Ortsgemeinde) in the district of Westerwaldkreis in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, and part of the municipal association Verbandsgemeinde Wirges.

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Deva, Gijón

Deva is a parish of the municipality of Gijón, in Asturias, Spain.

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Dexter Drumlin

Dexter Drumlin, formerly known as Kilbourn Hill, is a drumlin and a 38-acre (15 ha) open space reservation in Lancaster, Massachusetts.

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Diauehi

Diauehi or Daiaeni (დიაოხი, Diaokhi) was a coalition of Georgian tribes, or kingdoms, located in northeastern Anatolia, that was formed in the 12th century BC in the post-Hittite period.

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Die Littauischen Wegeberichte

Die Littauischen Wegeberichte (German for Lithuanian route report) is a compilation of 100 routes into the western Grand Duchy of Lithuania prepared by the Teutonic Knights in 1384–1402.

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Diego Gutiérrez (cartographer)

Diego Gutiérrez was a Spanish cosmographer and cartographer of the Casa de la Contratación.

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Diego López I de Haro

Diego López I de Haro (died 1124×6) was the third Lord of Biscay, and also the ruler of Álava, Buradón, Grañón, Nájera, Haro, and perhaps Guipúzcoa: the most powerful Castilian magnate in the Basque Country and the Rioja during the first quarter of the twelfth century.

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Dieppe maps

The Dieppe maps are a series of world maps produced in Dieppe, France, in the 1540s, 1550s and 1560s.

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Dinas Emrys

Dinas Emrys is a rocky and wooded hillock near Beddgelert in Gwynedd, north-west Wales.

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Dindrane

Dindrane (or Dandrane, Danbrann, Dandrenor, Dindraine, etc.) is a character in the Old French Grail romance Perlesvaus, an anonymous prose adaptation of (and sequel to) Chrétien de Troyes' great unfinished work Percival, or The Story of the Grail.

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Diogo de Silves

Diogo de Silves (fl. 15th century) is the presumed name of an obscure Portuguese explorer of the Atlantic who allegedly discovered the Azores islands in 1427.

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Distribution of Heliamphora

The natural range of the carnivorous plant genus Heliamphora is restricted to the southern Venezuelan states of Amazonas and Bolívar, and to adjacent portions of northern Brazil and western Guyana, an area corresponding to the western part of the Guayana Shield.

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Ditchley

Ditchley Park is a country house and estate near Charlbury in Oxfordshire.

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Divided regions

Divided regions are transnational regions, islands, etc.

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Divljana Monastery

Divljana Monastery, also known as the Monastery of St. Demetrius, is a Serbian Orthodox monastery located near the village of Divljana and Divljana Lake,, Language: Serbian, accessed 17.

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Djab wurrung

The Djab wurrung, also Tjapwurrung, people are Indigenous Australians who occupy the volcanic plains of central Victoria from the Mount William Range of Gariwerd in the west to the Pyrenees range in the east encompassing the Wimmera River flowing north and the headwaters of the Hopkins River flowing south.

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Djadjawurrung

Djadjawurrung or Dja Dja Wurrung, also known as the Jaara or Jajowrong people and Loddon River tribe, is a native Aboriginal tribe which occupied the watersheds of the Loddon and Avoca rivers in the Bendigo region of central Victoria, Australia.

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Dob (toponym)

Dob is a Slovene toponym, found in Slovenia, Austria and Italy.

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Dobbins Air Reserve Base

Dobbins Air Reserve Base or Dobbins ARB is a United States Air Force reserve air base located in Marietta, Georgia, a suburb about northwest of Atlanta.

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Dobrava (toponym)

Dobrava (Doe-bra-va) is a toponym with Slovene origins, used in Slovenia, Austria, Croatia and Italy.

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Dobruja

Dobruja or Dobrudja (Добруджа, transliterated: Dobrudzha or Dobrudža; Dobrogea or; Dobruca) is a historical region in Eastern Europe that has been divided since the 19th century between the territories of Bulgaria and Romania.

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Dormston

Dormston is a village and civil parish in Worcestershire about south of Redditch.

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Dorton

Dorton (or Dourton) is a village and civil parish in the Aylesbury Vale district of Buckinghamshire.

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Dougga

Dougga or Thugga (Berber: Dugga, Tugga, دڨة or دقة) is a Romano-Berber city in northern Tunisia, included in a 65 hectare archaeological site.

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Downley

Downley is a village and civil parish in the Wycombe district of Buckinghamshire, England.

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Drayton Beauchamp

Drayton Beauchamp (pronounced 'Beecham') is a village and civil parish within Aylesbury Vale district in Buckinghamshire, England.

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Drayton Parslow

Drayton Parslow is a village and civil parish in the Aylesbury Vale district of Buckinghamshire, England, about south of Bletchley.

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Drayton, Cherwell

Drayton is a village and civil parish in the valley of the Sor Brook in Oxfordshire, about northwest of Banbury.

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Drayton, Vale of White Horse

Drayton is a village and civil parish about south of Abingdon, Oxfordshire.

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Drovers' road

A drovers' road, drove or droveway is a route for droving livestock on foot from one place to another, such as to market or between summer and winter pasture (see transhumance).

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Druineach

Druineach is a place-name element found in the northwest of the Highlands and Islands of Scotland.

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Dubrava

Dubrava, Dúbrava, Doubrava, Dubrawa, Dąbrowa, Dabrava or Dubrave is a toponym common in Slavic regions.

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Dubrovnik

Dubrovnik (historically Ragusa) is a Croatian city on the Adriatic Sea.

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Dubrowna

Dubrowna (Belarusian Дуброўна Dubroŭna, Dąbrowna) or Dubrovno (Дубро́вно) is a small town on the Dnieper River.

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Ducklington

Ducklington is a village and civil parish on the River Windrush south of Witney in West Oxfordshire.

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Duke of Santa Cruz

Duke of Santa Cruz was a title of nobility of the Empire of Brazil created by Emperor Pedro I of Brazil, dated from 5 November 1829, for his brother-in-law, Prince Auguste de Beauharnais, brother of Pedro's second wife Empress Amélie.

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Dumnonia

Dumnonia is the Latinised name for the Brythonic kingdom in Sub-Roman Britain between the late 4th and late 8th centuries, in what is now the more westerly parts of South West England.

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Dumnonii

The Dumnonii or Dumnones were a British tribe who inhabited Dumnonia, the area now known as Devon and Cornwall (and some areas of present-day Dorset and Somerset) in the further parts of the South West peninsula of Britain, from at least the Iron Age up to the early Saxon period.

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Dungeness (headland)

Dungeness is a headland on the coast of Kent, England, formed largely of a shingle beach in the form of a cuspate foreland.

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Dunham (surname)

Dunham is a toponymic surname of Anglo-Saxon origination, deriving from several places named Dunham (dun- hill, -ham home) In 1630 Deacon John Dunham emigrated from England to the American Continent and became a deputy in the Legislative Assembly elected to represent the Plymouth Colony.

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Dunhuang

Dunhuang is a county-level city in northwestern Gansu Province, Western China.

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Dunsden Green

Dunsden Green or Dunsden is a village in the civil parish of Eye & Dunsden in the South Oxfordshire ward of Sonning Common, about northeast of Reading, Berkshire.

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Durrington, Wiltshire

Durrington is a village and civil parish in Wiltshire, England.

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Durston (surname)

Durston is an English toponymic surname.

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Duxford, Oxfordshire

Duxford is a hamlet in the civil parish of Hinton Waldrist northeast of Faringdon.

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Dyakovo culture

The Dyakovo culture (Дьяковская культура, from the excavated site at Dyakovo - Дьяково) is an Iron Age culture which occupied a significant part of the Upper Volga, Valday and Oka River area.

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Dyirbal people

The Dyirbal, also called Jirrbal, are an Indigenous Australian people living in Queensland, both one tribe (the Dyirbalŋan or 'Tully River blacks') and a group of related contiguous peoples included under that label as the Dyirbal tribes.

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Dynasties in Chinese history

The following is a chronology of the dynasties in Chinese History.

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Dzerzhynsk

Dzerzhynsk is name of several former toponyms in Ukraine that carried a name of a chekist of Polish descent Felix Dzerzhinsky.

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Earl De La Warr

Earl De La Warr is a title in the Peerage of Great Britain.

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Earl Lloyd-George of Dwyfor

Blazon Arms: Azure, and over water barry wavy Argent and Azure, a Bridge of one arch proper, on a Chief Argent, a Portcullis Sable, between two Daffodils, stalked and leaved proper.

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Easington, Buckinghamshire

Easington is a hamlet in the civil parish of Chilton, Buckinghamshire, about north of the Oxfordshire market town of Thame.

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East Ardsley

East Ardsley is a village in the City of Leeds metropolitan borough, in West Yorkshire, England.

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East Challow

East Challow is a village and civil parish about west of Wantage in the Vale of White Horse.

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East Coast of the United States

The East Coast of the United States is the coastline along which the Eastern United States meets the North Atlantic Ocean.

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East Germanic languages

The East Germanic languages are a group of extinct Germanic languages of the Indo-European language family spoken by East Germanic peoples.

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East Hagbourne

East Hagbourne is a village and civil parish about south of Didcot and south of Oxford.

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East Prussia

East Prussia (Ostpreußen,; Prusy Wschodnie; Rytų Prūsija; Borussia orientalis; Восточная Пруссия) was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia from 1773 to 1829 and again from 1878 (with the Kingdom itself being part of the German Empire from 1871); following World War I it formed part of the Weimar Republic's Free State of Prussia, until 1945.

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East Turkestan

East Turkestan (Uyghur: شەرقىي تۈركىستان, Шәрқий Түркистан, Shərqiy Türkistan) also known as Eastern Turkistan, Uyghurstan, Uyghuristan is a political term with multiple meanings depending on context and usage.

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Easter Island

Easter Island (Rapa Nui, Isla de Pascua) is a Chilean island in the southeastern Pacific Ocean, at the southeasternmost point of the Polynesian Triangle in Oceania.

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Easterton

Easterton is a village and civil parish in Wiltshire, England, south of Devizes.

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Eaton Bray

Eaton Bray is a village and civil parish in Bedfordshire, England.

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Eber-Nari

Eber-Nari (Akkadian, also Ebir-Nari), Abar-Nahara עבר-נהרה (Aramaic) or 'Ābēr Nahrā (Syriac) was the name of a region of Western Asia and a satrapy of the Neo-Assyrian Empire (911-605 BC), Neo-Babylonian Empire (612-539 BC) and Achaemenid Empire (539-332 BC).

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Ebla tablets

The Ebla tablets are a collection of as many as 1800 complete clay tablets, 4700 fragments and many thousand minor chips found in the palace archives of the ancient city of Ebla, Syria.

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Ecton, Northamptonshire

Ecton is a village and civil parish in the Borough of Wellingborough in Northamptonshire, England.

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Edin (Sumerian term)

Edin (𒀀𒇉𒂔, "steppe" or "plain"; 𒉌𒋾𒈝) is a placename featured on the Gudea cylinders as a watercourse from which plaster is taken to build a temple for Ningirsu: Clay plaster, harmoniously blended clay taken from the Edin canal, has been chosen by Lord Ningirsu with his holy heart, and was painted by Gudea with the splendors of heaven, as if kohl were being poured all over it.

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Edistus

Saint Edistus (Sant'Edisto) (also known as Aristus, Orestes, Horestes) is venerated as a martyr and saint by the Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox churches.

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Edlesborough

Edlesborough is a village and civil parish in the Aylesbury Vale district of Buckinghamshire, England.

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Ef (Cyrillic)

Ef (Ф ф; italics: Ф ф) is a Cyrillic letter, commonly representing the voiceless labiodental fricative, like the pronunciation of in "fill".

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Egem, East Flanders

Egem is a hamlet in the sub-municipality of Bambrugge in the municipality of Erpe-Mere in Flanders.

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Egyptians

Egyptians (مَصريين;; مِصريّون; Ni/rem/en/kīmi) are an ethnic group native to Egypt and the citizens of that country sharing a common culture and a common dialect known as Egyptian Arabic.

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Eia

Eia or Eye was a Medieval manor in Middlesex and now part of Central London.

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Eileithyia

Eileithyia or Ilithyia (Εἰλείθυια;,Ἐλεύθυια (Eleuthyia) in Crete, also Ἐλευθία (Eleuthia) or Ἐλυσία (Elysia) in Laconia and Messene, and Ἐλευθώ (Eleuthō) in literature) was the Greek goddess of childbirth and midwifery.

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Eilert Ekwall

Bror Oscar Eilert Ekwall (born 8 January 1877 in Vallsjö (now in Sävsjö, Jönköpings län, Sweden, died 23 November 1964 in Lund, Skåne län, Sweden), known as Eilert Ekwall, was Professor of English at Sweden's Lund University from 1909 to 1942 and was one of the outstanding scholars of the English language in the first half of the 20th century. He wrote works on the history of English, but he is best known as the author of numerous important books on English placenames (in the broadest sense) and personal names.

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Eindhoven

Eindhoven is a municipality and city in the south of the Netherlands, originally at the confluence of the Dommel and Gender streams.

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Eleutheria

The Greek word "ἐλευθερία" (capitalized Ἐλευθερία; Attic Greek pronunciation), transliterated as eleutheria, is an Ancient Greek term for, and personification of, liberty.

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Elina González Acha de Correa Morales

Elina González Acha de Correa Morales (20 January 1861 – 13 August 1942) was an Argentine educator, scientist and women's rights activist.

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Ellistown and Battleflat

Ellistown and Battleflat is a civil parish in North West Leicestershire, England, just south of the unparished area of Coalville.

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Elmet

Elmet (Elfed) was an area of what later became the West Riding of Yorkshire, and an independent Brittonic kingdom between about the 5th century and early 7th century.

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Elztal

Elztal is a municipality in the Neckar-Odenwald district, in Baden-Württemberg, Germany.

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Emeterius and Celedonius

Saints Emeterius (Hemeterius) and Celedonius (San Emeterio y San Celedonio; Emeterius et Caeledonius; died 300 AD) are venerated as saints by the Catholic Church.

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Emperor Jimmu

was the first Emperor of Japan, according to legend.

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Encarta

Microsoft Encarta was a digital multimedia encyclopedia published by Microsoft Corporation from 1993 to 2009.

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Enewetak Atoll

Enewetak Atoll (also spelled Eniwetok Atoll or sometimes Eniewetok; Ānewetak,, or Āne-wātak) is a large coral atoll of 40 islands in the Pacific Ocean and with its 850 people forms a legislative district of the Ralik Chain of the Marshall Islands.

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English Bicknor

English Bicknor is a village and civil parish in the Forest of Dean district of west Gloucestershire, England.

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English county histories

English county histories, in other words historical and topographical (or "chorographical") works concerned with individual ancient counties of England before their reorganisation, were produced by antiquarians from the late 16th century onwards.

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English exonyms

An English exonym is a name in the English language for a place (a toponym), or occasionally other terms, which does not follow the local usage (the endonym).

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English language in Europe

The English language in Europe, as a native language, is mainly spoken in the United Kingdom and Ireland.

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English Place-Name Society

The English Place-Name Society (EPNS) is a learned society concerned with toponomastics and the toponymy of England, in other words, the study of place-names (toponyms).

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English terms with diacritical marks

Some English language terms have letters with diacritical marks.

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Eponym

An eponym is a person, place, or thing after whom or after which something is named, or believed to be named.

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Epwell

Epwell is a village and civil parish in the north of Oxfordshire about west of Banbury.

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Eritrea

Eritrea (ኤርትራ), officially the State of Eritrea, is a country in the Horn of Africa, with its capital at Asmara.

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Erlangen

Erlangen (East Franconian: Erlang) is a Middle Franconian city in Bavaria, Germany.

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Ernest Nègre

Ernest Nègre (born October, 11th 1907 in Saint-Julien-Gaulène (Tarn), died April 15th, 2000 in Toulouse) was a French toponymist.

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Erromanga language

Erromangan, or Sie (Sye), is the primary language spoken on the island Erromango in the Tafea region of the Vanuatu islands.

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Erskine Beveridge

Erskine Beveridge FRSE FSA(Scot) (27 December 1851 – 10 August 1920) was a Scottish textile manufacturer, historian and antiquary.

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Ertel

Ertel is a surname originating from South Germany: from a personalized form of a name beginning with Ort-, from Old High German "ort": "point (of a sword or lance)." Ertel may also mean "Steel Smith." Ertel may be a derivation of other surnames, including "Ertl" and "Ertle." This surname of ERTEL has two origins.

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Eschbach, Baden-Württemberg

Eschbach is a town in the Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald district, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.

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Esperanto vocabulary

Esperanto vocabulary was originally defined in Unua Libro, published by L. L. Zamenhof in 1887.

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Esquivel

Esquivel is a surname of Basque origin as well as a place name.

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Estonia–India relations

Estonia–India relations refers to the bilateral diplomatic relations between Estonia and India.

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Ettington

Ettington is a village and civil parish about south-east of Stratford-upon-Avon in Warwickshire, England.

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Etymology

EtymologyThe New Oxford Dictionary of English (1998) – p. 633 "Etymology /ˌɛtɪˈmɒlədʒi/ the study of the class in words and the way their meanings have changed throughout time".

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Etymology of California

California is a place name used by three North American states: in the United States by the state of California, and in Mexico by the states of Baja California and Baja California Sur.

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Euonymeia

Euonymeia (Ευωνύμεια, Evonímia), also known by its medieval name Trachones (Τράχωνες), and by its modern colloquial Ano Kalamaki (Άνω Καλαμάκι, Upper Kalamaki), is a historic settlement in Attica and currently a residential neighborhood within the municipality of Alimos on the southern suburbs of Athens, Greece.

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Evanton

Evanton (Baile Eòghainn or Am Baile Ùr) is a large village in Easter Ross, in the Highland Council Area of Scotland.

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Evar Saar

Evar Saar (Saarõ Evar; born 16 August 1969) is an Estonian linguist, journalist, toponymist a Võro language activist.

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Ewelme

Ewelme is a village and civil parish in the Chiltern Hills in South Oxfordshire, north-east of the market town of Wallingford.

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Exlade Street

Exlade Street is a hamlet in Checkendon civil parish in Oxfordshire about northwest of Reading.

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Eymoutiers

Eymoutiers is a commune in the Haute-Vienne department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in western France.

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Fano, Gijón

Fano is a parish of the municipality of Gijón / Xixón, in Asturias, Spain.

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Faringdon

Faringdon is a historic market town in the Vale of White Horse, Oxfordshire, England.

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Farm name

Farm name may refer to.

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Faryab Province

Faryab (فاریاب) is one of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan, which is located in the north of the country bordering neighboring Turkmenistan.

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Fascism in Europe

Fascism in Europe was composed of numerous ideologies present during the 20th century which all developed their own differences from each other.

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Fattypuffs and Thinifers

Fattypuffs and Thinifers is a 1941 translation of the French children's book Patapoufs et Filifers originally written in 1930 by André Maurois.

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Fawley, Buckinghamshire

Fawley is a village and civil parish in Wycombe district in the south-western corner of Buckinghamshire, England.

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FC Karpaty Lviv

Football Club Karpaty Lviv is a Ukrainian professional football club based in Lviv.

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Feenstra

Feenstra is a Dutch (originally Frisian) toponymic surname.

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Fenari Isa Mosque

Fenâri Îsâ Mosque (full name in Molla Fenâri Îsâ Câmîi), in Byzantine times known as the Lips Monastery (Μονή του Λιβός), is a mosque in Istanbul, made of two former Eastern Orthodox churches.

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Fernando Pérez de Traba

Fernando (or Fernán) Pérez de Traba (c.1090–1 November 1155), also Fernão Peres de Trava in Portuguese, was a nobleman and count of the Kingdom of León who for a time held power over all Galicia.

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Field name

Field name may refer to.

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Fifield, Oxfordshire

Fifield is a village and civil parish about north of Burford in Oxfordshire.

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Figuig

Figuig (Ifyey or Figig, فكيك) is a town in eastern Morocco near the Atlas Mountains, on the border with Algeria.

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Finchampstead

Finchampstead is a village and civil parish in the Wokingham Borough of Berkshire, England.

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Fingal mac Gofraid

Fingal mac Gofraid, and his father, Gofraid mac Sitriuc, were late eleventh-century rulers of the Kingdom of the Isles.

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Finmere

Finmere is a village and civil parish in Oxfordshire, south of the River Great Ouse.

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Finnan

Finnan is a place name and surname.

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Finnveden

Finnveden or Finnheden is one of the ancient small lands of Småland.

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Flag of Friuli

The flag of Friuli is a historical flag of the Italian region of Friuli, which is no longer officially recognized by the Italian government.

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Flavio Biondo

Flavio Biondo (Latin Flavius Blondus) (1392 – June 4, 1463) was an Italian Renaissance humanist historian.

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Flåm

Flåm is a village in Flåmsdalen, at the inner end of the Aurlandsfjorden—a branch of Sognefjorden.

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Fleet Marston

Fleet Marston is a civil parish and deserted medieval village in the Aylesbury Vale district of Buckinghamshire, England, about northwest of the centre of Aylesbury.

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Forcade

Forcade (de), also written Fourcade (de), Forcada (de), Forquade (de), Forquada (de), Forcade (de la), Fourcade (de la), Laforcade (de) and Lafourcade (de) belongs to the nobility of GuyenneChaix d'Est-Ange (1922), Tome 18, p. 310 and Gascony,Chaix d'Est-Ange (1922), Tome 18, p. 313 in France, and of the Kingdom of Prussia.

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Foreign relations of India

The Ministry of External Affairs of India (MEA), also known as the Foreign Ministry, is the government agency responsible for the conduct of foreign relations of India.

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Forest Hill, Oxfordshire

Forest Hill is a village in Forest Hill with Shotover civil parish in Oxfordshire, about east of Oxford.

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Forza d'Agrò

Forza d'Agrò is a town and comune in the Metropolitan City of Messina, Sicily, southern Italy.

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Francisco Hernández de Córdoba (Yucatán conquistador)

Francisco Hernández de Córdoba (died 1517) was a Spanish conquistador, known to history mainly for the ill-fated expedition he led in 1517, in the course of which the first European accounts of the Yucatán Peninsula were compiled.

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Francisco Prestes Maia

Francisco Prestes Maia (1896–1965) was a Brazilian architect, civil engineer, urban planner, and professor, who served three terms as mayor of the city of São Paulo.

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Franco-Provençal language

No description.

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Frankston, Victoria

Frankston is an outer-suburb of Melbourne in Victoria, Australia, in the local government area of the City of Frankston.

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Frasnes

Frasnes is a place name common to several settlements in south-western Belgium.

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Freeland, Oxfordshire

Freeland is a village and civil parish about northeast of Witney in Oxfordshire.

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Freixo de Espada à Cinta

Freixo de Espada à Cinta, sometimes erroneusly Freixo de Espada Cinta (an archaism), is a municipality in the northeastern region of Portugal, near the border with Spain, along the Douro River Valley.

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French cartography

The history of French cartography can be traced to developments in the Middle Ages.

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French colonization of the Americas

The French colonization of the Americas began in the 16th century, and continued on into the following centuries as France established a colonial empire in the Western Hemisphere.

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French language in Vietnam

French was the official language of Vietnam from the beginning of French colonial rule in the mid-19th century until independence under the Geneva Accords of 1954, and maintained de facto official status in South Vietnam until its collapse in 1975.

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Frigg

In Germanic mythology, Frigg (Old Norse), Frija (Old High German), Frea (Langobardic), and Frige (Old English) is a goddess.

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Fringford

Fringford is a village and civil parish in Oxfordshire, about northeast of Bicester.

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Frisby on the Wreake

Frisby on the Wreake is a village and civil parish on the River Wreake about west of Melton Mowbray, Leicestershire, England.

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Fritwell

Fritwell is a village and civil parish about northwest of Bicester in Oxfordshire.

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Fulwell, Oxfordshire

Fulwell is a hamlet in Enstone civil parish about southeast of Chipping Norton, Oxfordshire.

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Furrer

Furrer is a German language topographic surname of Swiss origin, which means "cleft in the ground", derived from the Swiss word furre.

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Gaelicisation

Gaelicisation, or Gaelicization, is the act or process of making something Gaelic, or gaining characteristics of the Gaels.

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Gais, South Tyrol

Gais is a comune (municipality) in South Tyrol in northern Italy, located about north-east of the city of Bolzano.

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Gaius Marcius Coriolanus

Gaius Marcius (Caius Martius) Coriolanus was a Roman general who is said to have lived in the 5th century BC.

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Gaius Valerius Troucillus

Gaius Valerius Troucillus or Procillus (fl. mid-1st century BC) was a Helvian Celt who served as an interpreter and envoy for Julius Caesar in the first year of the Gallic Wars.

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Gallaecian language

Gallaecian or Northwestern Hispano-Celtic is an extinct Celtic language, and was one of the Hispano-Celtic languages.

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Galwegian Gaelic

Galwegian Gaelic (also known as Gallovidian Gaelic, Gallowegian Gaelic, or Galloway Gaelic) is an extinct dialect of the Goidelic languages formerly spoken in southwest Scotland.

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García Garcés de Aza

García Garcés de Aza (Garsias Garsie de Aza; floruit 1126–1159) was a Castilian magnate "renowned for his wealth and dullness",Fletcher, 41.

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Garford

Garford is a village and civil parish about west of Abingdon.

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Garza (surname)

Garza is a Galician and Basque noble surname and the Spanish language equivalent of heron (bird).

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Gaube Lake

Gaube Lake (in French: Lac de Gaube) is a lake in the French Pyrenees, in the department of the Hautes-Pyrénées, near the town of Cauterets.

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Gaulish language

Gaulish was an ancient Celtic language that was spoken in parts of Europe as late as the Roman Empire.

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Gawcott

Gawcott is a village about southwest of Buckingham in Aylesbury Vale district in Buckinghamshire, England.

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Gaya language

Gaya (伽耶語, 가야어), also rendered Kaya or Karak, is the presumed language of the Gaya confederacy in southern Korea.

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Gazetteer

A gazetteer is a geographical dictionary or directory used in conjunction with a map or atlas.

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Geats

The Geats (gēatas; gautar; götar), sometimes called Goths, were a North Germanic tribe who inhabited italic ("land of the Geats") in modern southern Sweden.

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Geier (surname)

Geier is a German word for a vulture.

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Gelou

Gelou (Gelu; Gyalu) was the Vlach ruler of Transylvania at the time of the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin around 900 AD, according to the Gesta Hungarorum.

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Genealogies of Genesis

The genealogies of Genesis provide the framework around which the Book of Genesis is structured.

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Generations of Noah

The Generations of Noah or Table of Nations (of the Hebrew Bible) is a genealogy of the sons of Noah and their dispersion into many lands after the Flood, focusing on the major known societies.

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GeoBase (geospatial data)

GeoBase is a federal, provincial and territorial government initiative that is overseen by the Canadian Council on Geomatics (CCOG).

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Geographic information retrieval

Geographic information retrieval (GIR) or geographical information retrieval is the augmentation of information retrieval with geographic information.

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Geographic name

See.

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Geographical renaming

Geographical renaming is the changing of the name of a geographical feature or area.

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Geography

Geography (from Greek γεωγραφία, geographia, literally "earth description") is a field of science devoted to the study of the lands, the features, the inhabitants, and the phenomena of Earth.

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Geography of Bermuda

This article describes the geography of Bermuda.

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GeoNames

GeoNames is a geographical database available and accessible through various web services, under a Creative Commons attribution license.

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Georeferencing

Georeferencing means that the internal coordinate system of a map or aerial photo image can be related to a ground system of geographic coordinates.

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Georg Joachim Rheticus

Georg Joachim de Porris, also known as Rheticus (16 February 1514 – 4 December 1574), was a mathematician, astronomer, cartographer, navigational-instrument maker, medical practitioner, and teacher.

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George R. Stewart

George Rippey Stewart (May 31, 1895 – August 22, 1980) was an American historian, toponymist, novelist, and a professor of English at the University of California, Berkeley.

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Georgian name

A Georgian name consists of a given name and a surname used by ethnic Georgians.

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German toponymy

Placenames in the German language area can be classified by the language from which they originate, and by their age.

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Germanic personal names in Galicia

Germanic names, inherited from the Suevi (who settled in Galicia and northern Portugal in 409 AD), Visigoths, Vandals, Franks and other Germanic peoples, were often the most common Galician names during the early and high Middle Ages.

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Germanic toponymy

Germanic toponyms are the names given to places by Germanic peoples and tribes.

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Germanus of Auxerre

Germanus of Auxerre (Welsh: Garmon Sant) (c. 378 – c. 448) was a bishop of Auxerre in Late Antique Gaul.

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Gia tribe

The Gia were an indigenous Australian tribe of the state of Queensland.

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Gilmerton

Gilmerton (Baile GhilleMhoire) is a suburb of Edinburgh, about southeast of the city centre.

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Gilmorton

Gilmorton, a village and civil parish about northeast of Lutterworth in Leicestershire, England.

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Ginés de Lillo

Ginés de Lillo (1566, Murcia - 24 January 1630, Arauco), a high-ranking officer in the Spanish army, was in 1603 nominated official visitor to the lands between the towns of Los Cauquenes and Choapa, part of modern-day Chile.

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Giovanni Capula

Giovanni Capula was an Italian architect of likely Sardinian origin of the 13th-14th century.

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Giraut de Bornelh

Giraut de Bornelh (c. 1138 – 1215), whose first name is also spelled Guiraut and whose toponym as de Borneil or de Borneyll, was a troubadour connected to the castle of the viscount of Limoges.

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Gjuro Szabo

Gjuro Szabo (sometimes also Đuro Szabo; February 3, 1875 in Novska – May 2, 1943 in Zagreb) was a Croatian historian, art conserver and museologist.

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Glasgow

Glasgow (Glesga; Glaschu) is the largest city in Scotland, and third most populous in the United Kingdom.

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Glockenkarkopf

The Glockenkarkopf (also known as Klockerkarkopf, Italian Vetta d'Italia) is a mountain of in the Zillertal Alps on the border between the Austrian state Salzburg and the Italian province of South Tyrol.

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Glossary of geography terms

This glossary of geography terms is a list of definitions of words and phrases used in geography and related fields, which describe and identify natural phenomena, geographical locations, spatial dimension and natural resources.

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Glossary of history

This glossary of history is a list of topics relating to history.

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Godington

Godington is a village and civil parish about northeast of Bicester in Oxfordshire.

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Gonzalo de Marañón

Gonzalo de Marañón (floruit 1141–1178) was a Castilian magnate during the reigns of Alfonso VII (1126–57), Sancho III (1157–58), and Alfonso VIII (1158–1214).

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Goosey

Goosey is a village and civil parish about northwest of Wantage in the Vale of White Horse.

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Goosnargh

Goosnargh is a village and civil parish in the City of Preston district of Lancashire, England.

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Gorizia

Gorizia (Gorica, colloquially stara Gorica 'old Gorizia'; Görz, Standard Friulian: Gurize; Southeastern Friulian: Guriza; Bisiacco: Gorisia) is a town and comune in northeastern Italy, in the autonomous region of Friuli Venezia Giulia.

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Gornji Žirovac

Gornji Žirovac (or Upper Žirovac) is a settlement in Croatia located on the hilly region of Banija, at the foot of the hill Kokirna, along the border with Bosnia and Herzegovina.

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Gorzanów

Gorzanów (Grafenort) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bystrzyca Kłodzka, within Kłodzko County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland.

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Gradisca d'Isonzo

Gradisca d'Isonzo (Gardiscja or Gardiscje, Gradišče ob Soči, archaic Gradis am Sontig) is a town and comune of the Province of Gorizia in Friuli-Venezia Giulia, north-eastern Italy.

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Graetz

Graetz or Grätz is a German surname and place name and can refer to: People.

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Granadilla de Abona

Granadilla de Abona is a municipality of Tenerife, located in the south of the island, occupying an area of 155 square kilometers.

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Grande Terre

Grande Terre or Grande-Terre (French for "large land") is a generic term used in French to designate the main island of any given archipelago.

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Grangegorman

Grangegorman is a suburb on the northside of Dublin city, Ireland.

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Great Ashfield

Great Ashfield is a village and civil parish in Suffolk, England, about east of Bury St Edmunds.

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Great Chishill

Great Chishill is a village in the civil parish of Great and Little Chishill, South Cambridgeshire, England.

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Great Coxwell

Great Coxwell is a village and civil parish about southwest of Faringdon in the Vale of White Horse, England.

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Great Milton

Great Milton is a village and civil parish in Oxfordshire, about east of Oxford.

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Great Moravia

Great Moravia (Regnum Marahensium; Μεγάλη Μοραβία, Megálī Moravía; Velká Morava; Veľká Morava; Wielkie Morawy), the Great Moravian Empire, or simply Moravia, was the first major state that was predominantly West Slavic to emerge in the area of Central Europe, chiefly on what is now the territory of the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland (including Silesia), and Hungary.

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Great Shefford

Great Shefford (or West Shefford) is a village and civil parish on the River Lambourn in West Berkshire, England.

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Great Tew

Great Tew is a village and civil parish in the Cotswold Hills in Oxfordshire, England, about north-east of Chipping Norton and south-west of Banbury.

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Greater India

The term Greater India is most commonly used to encompass the historical and geographic extent of all political entities of the Indian subcontinent, and the regions which are culturally linked to India or received significant Indian cultural influence.

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Greatham, West Sussex

Greatham is a small village in the Horsham District of West Sussex, England.

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Greek language

Greek (Modern Greek: ελληνικά, elliniká, "Greek", ελληνική γλώσσα, ellinikí glóssa, "Greek language") is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages, native to Greece and other parts of the Eastern Mediterranean and the Black Sea.

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Grendon Underwood

Grendon Underwood is a village and civil parish in Aylesbury Vale district in Buckinghamshire, England.

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Grijzegrubben

Grijzegrubben, known as Griëzegröbbe in Limburgish, is a hamlet in the municipality of Nuth in the province of Limburg, the Netherlands.

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Guananico

Guananico is a town in the Dominican Republic, situated in the Puerto Plata Province.

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Guaraguao

Guaraguao (Barrio Guaraguao) is one of the 31 barrios in the municipality of Ponce, Puerto Rico.

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Guarani alphabet

The Guarani alphabet (achegety) is used to write the Guarani language, spoken mostly in Paraguay and nearby countries.

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Guatemalan Spanish

Guatemalan Spanish (Español guatemalteco) is the national variant of Spanish spoken in the Central American country of Guatemala.

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Gueldaman caves

The Gueldaman caves (Adrar Gueldaman) are a prehistoric mountain ridge on the right bank of the Soummam valley in Algeria.

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Gugadja

The Gugadja, also written Kukatja, are an indigenous Australian people of Western Australia.

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Guild of One-Name Studies

The Guild of One-Name Studies is a UK-based charitable organisation founded in 1979 for one-name studies.

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Guildford

Guildford is a large town in Surrey, England, United Kingdom located southwest of central London on the A3 trunk road midway between the capital and Portsmouth.

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Gulf of Tonkin

True color satellite image of the Gulf of Tonkin The Gulf of Tonkin (Vịnh Bắc Bộ,; also simplified Chinese: 东京湾; traditional Chinese: 東京灣; pinyin: Dōngjīng Wān) is a body of water located off the coast of northern Vietnam and southern China.

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Gunbalanya, Northern Territory

Gunbalanya (also spelt Kunbarllanjnja, and historically referred to as Oenpelli) is an Aboriginal community in west Arnhem Land in the Northern Territory of Australia.

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Gunditjmara

The Gunditjmara, also known as the Dhauwurd wurrung, are an Indigenous Australian people of southwestern Victoria.

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Gusmão

Gusmão (sometimes Gusmao) is a Portuguese surname of ancient Spanish toponymic origin from the village of Guzmán in the region of Burgos.

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Gustav Indrebø

Gustav Indrebø (17 December 1889 in Samnanger, Hordaland – 3 August 1942) was a Norwegian philologist.

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Gutierre Tibón

Gutierre Tibón (16 July 1905 – 15 May 1999) was an Italian-Mexican author.

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Gyttorp

Gyttorp is a locality situated in Nora Municipality, Örebro County, Sweden with 661 inhabitants in 2010.

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Habt

The Habt (Arabic: بلاد الحابة) is a historical and geographical region located in northwest Morocco.

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Hadda, Afghanistan

Haḍḍa (هډه) is a Greco-Buddhist archeological site located in the ancient region of Gandhara, ten kilometers south of the city of Jalalabad, in the Nangarhar Province of eastern Afghanistan.

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Haddenham, Buckinghamshire

Haddenham is a village and civil parish in the Aylesbury Vale district of Buckinghamshire, England.

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Hailey, Oxfordshire

Hailey is a village and civil parish about north of Witney, Oxfordshire.

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Hale, Greater Manchester

Hale is a village and electoral ward within the Metropolitan Borough of Trafford, in Greater Manchester, England.

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Hallow, Worcestershire

Hallow is a village and civil parish beside the River Severn, about north-west of Worcester in Worcestershire.

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Hampsthwaite

Hampsthwaite is a large village and civil parish in Nidderdale in the Harrogate district of North Yorkshire, England.

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Hampton Gay

Hampton Gay is a village in the Cherwell Valley about north of Kidlington, Oxfordshire.

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Hampton Poyle

Hampton Poyle is a village beside the River Cherwell, about northeast of Kidlington in Oxfordshire, England.

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Hanja

Hanja is the Korean name for Chinese characters.

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Hanney

Hanney was an ancient ecclesiastical parish about north of Wantage in the Vale of White Horse.

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Hans Christoff von Königsmarck

Count Hans Christoff von Königsmarck, of Tjust (4 March 1600 – 8 March 1663), son of Conrad von Königsmarck and Beatrix von Blumenthal, was a Swedish-German soldier who commanded Sweden's legendary flying column, a force which played a key role in Gustavus Adolphus' strategy.

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Hanwell, Oxfordshire

Hanwell is a village and civil parish in Oxfordshire, about northwest of Banbury.

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Harbury

Harbury is a village and civil parish in the Stratford-on-Avon district of Warwickshire, England.

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Hardwick, Cherwell

Hardwick is a village about north of Bicester in Oxfordshire.

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Harlow

Harlow is a former Mark One New Town and local government district in the west of Essex, England.

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Harriseahead

Harriseahead is a village in the county of Staffordshire, England, just north of the Potteries (Stoke on Trent) and about south-west of Biddulph and close to the border with Cheshire.

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Hartley Wintney

Hartley Wintney is a village civil parish in the Hart district of Hampshire, England.

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Haruj

Haruj (هروج, also known as Haroudj) is a large volcanic field spread across in central Libya.

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Hatcham

Hatcham was a manor and later a chapelry in what is now London, England.

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Hattic language

Hattic (Hattian) was a non-Indo-European agglutinative language spoken by the Hattians in Asia Minor between the 3rd and the 2nd millennia BC.

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Hauts-de-France

Hauts-de-France (translates to "Upper France" in English; Heuts-d'Franche) is a region of France created by the territorial reform of French Regions in 2014, from a merger of Nord-Pas-de-Calais and Picardy.

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Hautz

Hautz is a Navarrese oronym that may be found in the following place names.

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Hautza

The Hautza or Autza, is a mountain on the Spanish side of the border in the Basque Country.

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Hayley

Hayley (pronounced) is an English given name.

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Hármashatárhegy

Hármashatárhegy (Its Austrian toponym ("Hotter") also means "Three Border Mountain") is the name of a mountain in the city of Budapest, Hungary.

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Headington

Headington is a suburb of Oxford, England.

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Hebden (surname)

Hebden, Hebdon, Hibdon, Ebden, and Ebdon are names all thought to be derived from one of several place names in West Yorkshire, coming from the Old English "heope", or "(rose) hip", and "denu", which meant "valley".

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Hebraization of surnames

The Hebraization of surnames (also Hebraicization) (עברות, Ivrut, "Hebraization") is the act of adopting a Hebrew surname in exchange for their diaspora names.

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Hebron

Hebron (الْخَلِيل; חֶבְרוֹן) is a Palestinian.

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Hecataeus of Miletus

Hecataeus of Miletus (Ἑκαταῖος ὁ Μιλήσιος;Named after the Greek goddess Hecate--> c. 550 BC – c. 476 BC), son of Hegesander, was an early Greek historian and geographer.

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Hedgerley

Hedgerley is a village and civil parish in South Bucks district in Buckinghamshire, England.

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Hedsor

Hedsor is a small village and civil parish in Wycombe district in Buckinghamshire, England, in the very south of the county, near the River Thames and Bourne End.

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Helmdon

Helmdon is a village and civil parish about north of Brackley in South Northamptonshire, England.

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Helsingborg

Helsingborg (spelled Hälsingborg between 1912 and 1970) is a town and the seat of Helsingborg Municipality, Scania, Sweden.

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Hemingbrough

Hemingbrough is a small village and civil parish in the Selby district of North Yorkshire, England that is located approximately from Selby and from Howden on the A63.

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Hempenstall

The surname Hempenstall is a toponym, originating from the village of Heptonstall in Yorkshire, England.

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Herrschaft Schramberg

Herrschaft Schramberg was the territory of the Ducs (Reichgrafen von Bissingen – Nippenburg) in the Black Forest.

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Hethe

Hethe is a village and civil parish about north of Bicester in Oxfordshire, England.

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Heussaff

Heussaff or Heusaff is a surname, and may refer to; Heussaff is a toponymic surname that derives from an old spelling for the isle of Ushant (Eusa in modern Breton).

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Hexham

Hexham is a market town and civil parish in Northumberland, England, south of the River Tyne, and was the administrative centre for the Tynedale district from 1974 to 2009.

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Highgate Common

Highgate Common is a Staffordshire Wildlife Trust reserve containing a mix of heathland and woodland.

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Hilton (surname)

The word Hilton or Hylton is a place name of English origin, which is also the source of a toponymic surname.

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Himmelpforten Convent

Himmelpforten Convent (Low Saxon: Klooster Hemelpoorten, Kloster Himmelpforten; Conventus Porta Coeli) was founded as a monastery of nuns following the Cistercian Rule during the 13th century in Himmelpforten, in today's Lower Saxony, Germany.

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Historical names of Transylvania

Transylvania has had different names applied to it in several traditions.

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Historicity of Homer

The extent of the historical basis of the Homeric epics has been a topic of scholarly debate for centuries.

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Historiography of the fall of the Western Roman Empire

The causes and mechanisms of the Fall of the Western Roman Empire are a historical theme that was introduced by historian Edward Gibbon in his 1776 book The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire.

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History of Banbury

Banbury is a circa 1,500-year-old market town and civil parish on the River Cherwell in the Cherwell District of Oxfordshire, England.

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History of Birmingham

Alternative meaning: Timeline of Birmingham, Alabama The history of Birmingham in England spans 1400 years of growth, during which time it has evolved from a small 7th century Anglo Saxon hamlet on the edge of the Forest of Arden at the fringe of early Mercia to become a major city through a combination of immigration, innovation and civic pride that helped to bring about major social and economic reforms and to create the Industrial Revolution, inspiring the growth of similar cities across the world.