There are six basic assumptions, or propositions, of the existential approach.
Proposition 1: Capacity for Self-Awareness
As humans, we are capable of increasing our awareness of alternatives, motivations, and influencing factors in our lives. As this self-awareness is developed, our potential for personal fulfillment is increased. For example, I develop awareness that I am motivated by money. Therefore, I now realize that I would excel in a job where I have the potential to make more money based on my performance.
Proposition 2: Freedom and Responsibility
As humans, we are free to choose alternatives in our lives. This means that we play the most significant role in shaping our destiny. This also means that we are responsible for our own actions. For example, I am in a dead-end relationship because I am not choosing something different.
Proposition 3: Establishing an Identity and Meaningful Relationships
As humans, we are each capable of finding a unique personal identity. We are more than what others expect of us. However, we also strive to be connected to other people and depend on relationships. It is important to distinguish between these two parts of our lives. For example, I have lost track of my own identity after assuming the role of a wife and mother for the past ten years. I want these fulfilling relationships but need to find and nurture my own identity as well. Who am I if these roles are taken away from me?
Proposition 4: Finding Meaning
As humans, we constantly desire to understand the significance and purpose of our lives. Therefore, it's essential that we find meaning in the struggles that we face. Finding this meaning allows us to establish values and goals that give us a purpose for who we are and why we are here. For example, what is the point of struggling with my problems? I don't even want to go on living because I no longer see a point in it.
Proposition 5: Anxiety Is Unavoidable
Feelings of anxiety are an inevitable part of human existence. Anxiety cannot be eliminated, so we must instead develop the courage to overcome it. We should learn to look at anxiety as a stimulus for personal growth. For example, I am anxious about looking for a new job even though I would like a better position. What should I do?
Proposition 6: Awareness of Mortality
We are all mortal. This means that death is inevitable. In the existential view, this actually adds significance to our lives because we have a finite period of time in which to accomplish our goals. Thus, we should strive to spend time on the things that we value as important. A fear of death can prevent us from enjoying the life that we have. For example, I like the freedom that driving a car would give me, but I do not drive because I'm afraid I'll be killed in a car accident.
