The House of Habsburg
Coat of arms of Habsburg Rudolf II (1552 – 1612), Holy Roman Emperor
The House of Habsburg
The house takes its name from Habsburg Castle, a fortress built in the 1020s in present-day Switzerland. The throne of the Holy Roman Empire was continuously occupied by the Habsburgs from 1440 until their extinction in the male line in 1740 and, after the death of Francis I, from 1765 until its dissolution in 1806. The house also produced kings of Bohemia, Hungary, Croatia, Spain, Portugal and Galicia-Lodomeria, with their respective colonies; rulers of several principalities in the Low Countries and Italy; and in the 19th century, emperors of Austria and of Austria-Hungary as well as one emperor of Mexico. The family split several times into parallel branches, most consequentially in the mid-16th century between its Spanish and Austrian branches following the abdication of Charles V. The house of Habsburg still exists and owns the Austrian branch of the Order of the Golden Fleece and the Imperial and Royal Order of Saint George. As of early 2021, the head of the family is Karl von Habsburg.
Rudolf I of Germany (first king of Germany from the House of Habsburg) + Gertrude of Hohenberg
Matilda, Duchess of Bavaria + Louis II, Duke of Bavaria
Rudolf I, Count Palatine of the Rhine + Anne of Tirol
Anne of Bavaria + Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor (no issue)
Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor + Beatrix of Świdnica
Stephen II, Duke of Bavaria + Elisabeth of Sicily (d. of Frederick III of Sicily + Eleanor of Anjou, daughter of Charles II of Naples)
John II, Duke of Bavaria + Catherine of Gorizia
Ernest, Duke of Bavaria (ally of Sigismund of Luxembourg, founder of the Order of the Dragon) + Elisabetta Visconti (see Genealogy of the House of Visconti)
Albert III, Duke of Bavaria + Anna of Brunswick-Grubenhagen-Einbeck
Margaret of Bavaria + Federico I Gonzaga
Elisabeth of Bavaria + Elector Ernst of Saxony (founder of the Ernestine line of Saxon princes. See Genealogy of the Dukes of Saxony. See below)
Albert IV, Duke of Bavaria + Kunigunde of Austria (see below)
William III, Duke of Bavaria (he or his brother Ernest housed Abramelin the Mage; supported Sigismund of Luxembourg against the Hussites)
Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor + Margaret II, Countess of Hainaut
Margaret of Bavaria, Duchess of Slavonia + Stephen of Anjou (son of Charles I of Hungary)
Blanche of Lancaster + Maud, Countess of Leicester (sister of Blanche of Lancaster, wife of John of Gaunt)
Albert I, Duke of Bavaria + Margaret of Brieg
Margaret of Bavaria + John the Fearless (see below)
Rudolf I, Duke of Bavaria
Albert I of Germany + Elizabeth of Carinthia
Frederick the Fair + Isabella of Aragon
Anne of Austria, Duchess of Bavaria (no issue)
Leopold I, Duke of Austria + Catherine of Savoy (see Genealogy of the House of Savoy)
Catherine of Austria + Enguerrand VI, Lord of Coucy
Enguerrand VII de Coucy (possible author of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight) + Isabella of England (see below)
Agnes of Austria + Bolko II, Duke of Świdnica
Albert II, Duke of Austria + Joanna of Pfirt
Frederick III, Duke of Austria
Albert III, Duke of Austria + Beatrix of Nuremberg
Albert IV, Duke of Austria + Joanna Sophia of Bavaria
Albert II of Germany + Elizabeth of Luxembourg (see below)
Leopold III, Duke of Austria + Viridis Visconti (see Genealogy of the House of Visconti)
Ernest the Iron (ORDER OF THE DRAGON) + Cymburgis of Masovia
Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor (first Habsburg Emperor, successor of Emperor Sigismund) + Eleanor of Portugal (d. of Edward, King of Portugal, brother of Prince Henry the Navigator, Grand Master of the ORDER OF CHRIST)
MAXIMILIAN I, HOLY ROMAN EMPEROR (Knight of the Garter, Grand Master of the ORDER OF THE GOLDEN FLEEECE) + Mary, Duchess of Burgundy (see below)
MAXIMILIAN I, HOLY ROMAN EMPEROR + Bianca Maria Sforza (daughter of Duke of Milan Galeazzo Maria Sforza)
Kunigunde of Austria + Albert IV, Duke of Bavaria (see above)
Sabina + Duke Ulrich I of Württemberg
Christoph, Duke of Württemberg + Anna Maria of Brandenburg-Ansbach
Duchess Sabine of Württemberg + William IV, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel (see Genealogy of the House of Hesse-Kassel)
Maurice, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel (friend of Frederick V of the Palatinate, and ancestor of the House of Hesse-Kassel)
Margaret of Austria + Frederick II, Elector of Saxony (Order of the Golden Fleece, son of Frederick I, Elector of Saxony who received the Saxon Electorate from EMPEROR SIGISMUND, founder of the ORDER OF THE DRAGON. See Genealogy of the Dukes of Saxony)
Elector Ernst of Saxony (founder of the Ernestine line of the House of Wettin) + Elisabeth of Bavaria (see above)
Christina + John I of Denmark (see Genealogy of the Knight of the Swan)
Christian II of Denmark + Isabella of Austria (see above)
John of Denmark
Christina of Denmark + Francesco II Sforza (last member of the Sforza family to rule Milan)
Christina of Denmark + Francis I, Duke of Lorraine (see below)
Dorothea of Denmark + Frederick II, Elector Palatine (no issue)
Elizabeth of Denmark + Joachim I Nestor, Elector of Brandenburg
Margaret of Brandenburg + John V, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst
Joachim Ernest, Prince of Anhalt + Eleonore of Württemberg
Rudolph, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst + Dorothea Hedwig of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (see below)
Dorothea of Anhalt-Zerbst + Augustus the Younger, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (friend of Johann Valentin Andreae, purported author of the Rosicrucian manifestos, and Rabbi Templo)
Frederick III the Wise, Elector of Saxony (one of the most powerful early defenders of Martin Luther, hiding him at Wartburg Castle)
Elector John (1468 – 1532, known for organizing the Lutheran Church in the Electorate of Saxony with the help of Martin Luther, helped Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse, found the League of Gotha) + Sophie of Mecklenburg-Schwerin.
John Frederick I, Elector of Saxony (friend of Martin Luther, founder of Schmalkaldic League with Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse, and ordered creation of Luther Rose) + Sibylle of Cleves
Albert III, Duke of Saxony (ORDER OF THE GOLDEN FLEECE, founder of the Albertine line of the House of Wettin) + Sidonie Podiebrad of Bohemia
George, Duke of Saxony (ORDER OF THE GOLDEN FLEECE) + Barbara Jagiellon (see below)
Catherine of Saxony + Sigismund, Archduke of Austria (see below)
Frederick IV, Duke of Austria + Anna (daughter of the Welf duke Frederick I of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel)
Sigismund, Archduke of Austria + Eleanor of Scotland (daughter of James I of Scotland and Joan Beaufort)
Sigismund, Archduke of Austria + Catherine of Saxony (see above)
Elizabeth, Duchess of Lorraine + Frederick IV, Duke of Lorraine
Rudolph, Duke of Lorraine + Marie de Châtillon
Charles II, Duke of Lorraine + Margaret of the Palatinate
Isabella, Duchess of Lorraine + RENE OF ANJOU (GRAND MASTER of the PRIORY OF SION)
YOLANDE OF BAR (GRAND MASTER of the PRIORY OF SION) + Frederick II, Count of Vaudémont (see below)
Frederick I, Count of Vaudémont + Margaret of Joinville
Antoine, Count of Vaudémont + Marie of Harcourt
Frederick II, Count of Vaudémont + YOLANDE OF BAR (GRAND MASTER of the PRIORY OF SION) (see below)
Frederick of Lorraine, Count of Vaudémont
Isabella of England + Enguerrand VII de Coucy (see above)
Marie de Coucy + Henry of Bar (see below)
Clemence of Austria + Charles Martel of Anjou
Charles I of Hungary (founder of the Order of Saint George) + Elizabeth of Poland (great-great-granddaughter of Bolesław III Wrymouth)
Louis I of Hungary (gave Chronicon Pictum or ILLUMINATED CHRONICLE to Charles V of France)
Mary, Queen of Hungary + EMPEROR SIGISMUND (no issue)
Catherine of Hungary + Henry II of Świdnica
Anna von Schweidnitz + Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor
Judith of Habsburg + Wenceslaus II of Bohemia
Wenceslaus III of Bohemia
Elizabeth of Bohemia + John of Luxembourg (son of Henry VII, Holy Roman Emperor, first emperor of the House of Luxembourg)
Bonne, Duchess of Normandy + John II, King of France
Charles V of France + Mary of Burgundy
Charles VI of France + Isabeau of Bavaria
Charles VII of France + Marie of Anjou (see below)
Louis I, Duke of Orléans + Valentina Visconti
Catherine of Valois
Louis I, Duke of Anjou + Marie of Blois
Louis II of Anjou (see below)
JOHN, DUKE OF BERRY (requested that Jean d’Arras write the Roman de Mélusine or the Chronique de Melusine part of Le Noble Hystoire de Lusignan) + Joanna of Armagnac
Bonne of Berry + Amadeus VII, Count of Savoy
AMADEUS VIII, DUKE OF SAVOY (antipope Felix V, elevated duke of Savoy by EMPEROR SIGISUMND, founder of the ORDER OF THE DRAGON) + Mary of Burgundy (see below)
Louis, Duke of Savoy + Anne of Lusignan (see below)
PHILIP THE BOLD + Margaret III, Countess of Flanders
John the Fearless + Margaret of Bavaria (see above)
PHILIP THE GOOD (founder of the ORDER OF THE GOLDEN FLEECE) + Isabella of Portugal (sister of Prince Henry the Navigator, Grand Master of the ORDER OF CHRIST)
Charles the Bold + Isabella of Bourbon (see below)
Agnes, Duchess of Bourbon + Charles I, Duke of Bourbon
Isabella of Bourbon + Charles the Bold
Mary, Duchess of Burgundy + MAXIMILIAN I, HOLY ROMAN EMPEROR (see above)
Philip I of Castile + Joanna of Castile (d. of FERDINAND II + ISABELLA)
Eleanor, Queen of France and Portugal + MANUEL I PORTUGAL (Grand Master of the ORDER OF CHRIST, Knight the ORDER OF THE GARTER, Knight of the ORDER OF THE GOLDEN FLEECE)
Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor + Anna Jagellonica (see below)
Catherine of Austria, Queen of Portugal + John III of Portugal (s. of Manuel I)
CHARLES V, HOLY ROMAN EMPEROR (Grand Master of the ORDER OF THE GOLDEN FLEECE) + Isabella of Portugal (sister of John III)
Philip II of Spain (Grand Master of the orders of Santiago, Montesa and Calatrava, and a member of the Order of the Garter. Philip II’s second wife was Mary I of England, “Bloody Mary”) + Anna of Austria, Queen of Spain (see below)
Maria of Austria, Holy Roman Empress + MAXIMILIAN II, HOLY ROMAN EMPEROR (Grand Master of the Order of the Golden Fleece. See below)
Margaret of Bourbon + (see below)
Mary of Burgundy + AMADEUS VIII, DUKE OF SAVOY (see above)
Louis, Duke of Savoy + Anne of Lusignan (of the Poitiers-Lusignan dynasty)
Amadeus IX, Duke of Savoy + Yolande of Valois, (daughter of king Charles VII of France)
Charles I, Duke of Savoy (first titular king of Cyprus, Jerusalem, and Armenia)
Margaret of Savoy, Countess of Saint-Pol + Peter II of Luxembourg (see below)
Philip II, Duke of Savoy + Margaret of Bourbon (see above)
Philibert II + Yolande Louise of Savoy
Louise of Savoy + Charles, Count of Angoulême (see below)
Philip II, Duke of Savoy + Claudine de Brosse of Brittany
Charles III, Duke of Savoy + Beatrice of Portugal (d. Manuel I of Portugal, Grand Master of the Order of Christ) + Maria of Aragon)
Emanuele Filiberto of Savoy + Margaret of Valois
CHARLES EMMANUEL I OF SAVOY + Catherina Micaela of Spain (see below)
Victor Amadeus I, Duke of Savoy + Princess Christine Marie of France
Charles Emmanuel II + Christine of France (s. Of Louis XIII)
Victor Amadeus II of Sardinia + Anne Marie d’Orléans (see below)
Margaret of Savoy + Francesco IV Gonzaga
Maria Gonzaga + Charles Gonzaga, Duke of Nevers
Eleonora Gonzaga + Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor (see below)
Eleonora Maria of Austria + Charles V, Duke of Lorraine (see below)
Isabella of Savoy + Alfonso III d'Este, Duke of Modena
Francesco I d'Este, Duke of Modena + Maria Caterina Farnese
Alfonso IV d'Este, Duke of Modena + Laura Martinozzi
MARY OF MODENA + James II of England
James Francis Edward Stuart (“The Old Pretender”) + Maria Clementina Sobieska
Charles Edward Stuart, Bonnie Prince Charlie, "the Young Pretender"
Henry Benedict Stuart, Cardinal Duke of York
Rinaldo, Duke of Modena + Charlotte of Brunswick-Lüneburg
Francesco III d'Este, Duke of Modena + Charlotte Aglaé d'Orléans (d. Philippe II, Duke of Orléans)
Ercole III d'Este, Duke of Modena (ORDER OF THE GOLDEN FLEECE) + Maria Teresa, Duchess of Massa
Maria Beatrice d'Este, Duchess of Massa + Archduke Ferdinand of Austria (see above)
Maria Theresa of Austria-Este, Queen of Sardinia + Victor Emmanuel I of Sardinia (see below)
Thomas Francis, Prince of Carignano + Marie de Bourbon
Emmanuel Philibert, Prince of Carignano + Maria Angela Caterina d'Este
Victor Amadeus I + Maria Vittoria (d. of Victor Amadeus II of Sardinia)
Louis Victor, Prince of Carignano
Victor Amadeus II, Prince of Carignano
Charles Emmanuel of Savoy + Maria Theresa of Austria
Charles Albert of Sardinia
Victor Emmanuel II of Italy (ORDER OF THE GOLDEN FLEECE)
Philip II, Duke of Savoy + Libera Portoneri
René of Savoy + Anne Lascaris
Madeleine of Savoy + Anne de Montmorency (Order of the Garter)
Henri I de Montmorency + Louise de Budos
Charlotte Marguerite de Montmorency + Henri II de Bourbon (see below)
Charlotte of Savoy + Louis XI of France (see below)
Bona + Galeazzo Maria Sforza, Duke of Milan (s. of Francesco I Sforza, Order of the Crescent founded by René of Anjou, with Yolande de Bar’s husband, Ferri de Vaudimont)
Gian Galeazzo Sforza + Isabella of Naples
Bona Sforza (see Genealogy of the House of Sforza) + Sigismund I the Old (see below)
Anna Sforza + Alfonso I d'Este, Duke of Ferrara
Anthony, Duke of Brabant + Jeanne of Saint-Pol (see below)
Joan, Queen of Navarre + Charles II of Navarre
Charles III of Navarre + Eleanor of Castile
Blanche I of Navarre + John II of Aragon (s. of son of Ferdinand I of Aragon)
MARIE OF VALOIS, Duchess of Bar + Robert I, Duke of Bar (see above)
Henry of Bar + Marie de Coucy, Countess of Soissons (d. of Enguerrand VII de Coucy, possible author of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight)
Robert of Bar, Count of Marle + Jeanne de Béthune
Jeanne de Bar + Louis de Luxembourg, Count of Saint-Pol
Peter II of Luxembourg (Order of the Golden Fleece) + Marguerite of Savoy
Marie of Luxembourg + Francis de Bourbon, Count of Vendôme
Charles, Duke of Vendôme + Françoise d'Alençon
Antoine of Navarre + Jeanne III of Navarre
Yolande of Bar + John I of Aragon (s. of Peter IV of Aragon + Eleanor of Sicily)
Yolande of Aragon + Louis II of Anjou (see above)
Louis III of Anjou
Marie of Anjou + Charles VII of France (see above)
Louis XI of France + Charlotte of Savoy (see above)
Charles VIII of France + Anne of Brittany
RENE OF ANJOU (Grand Master of PRIORY OF SION) + Isabella, Duchess of Lorraine
Margaret of Anjou + Henry VI of England (succeeded by Edward IV, s. of Richard Duke of York)
Edward, Prince of Wales
YOLANDE OF BAR (Grand Master of the PRIORY OF SION, inherited the Duchy of Lorraine in 1473 after the death without a male heir of Nicholas I, Duke of Lorraine) + Frederick II, Count of Vaudémont (Order of the Crescent, with FRANCESO I SFORZA)
Margaret of Lorraine + René, Duke of Alençon
Françoise d'Alençon + Charles de Bourbon (see below)
Anne of Alençon + Casale to William IX of Montferrat
Margaret Paleologa + Federico II Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua
LUDOVICO GONZAGA, DUKE OF NEVERS (Grand Master of the PRIORY OF SION)
RENE II, DUKE OF LORRAINE (Order of the Fleur de Lys) + Philippa of Guelders
Antoine, Duke of Lorraine + Renée de Bourbon
Francis I, Duke of Lorraine + Princess Christina of Denmark
Charles III, Duke of Lorraine + Claude of France (see below)
Claude, Duke of Guise (founder of House of Guise, made a duke by Francis I of France) + Antoinette de Bourbon (see below)
Jean, Cardinal of Lorraine (named Abbot Commendatory of the Abbey of Cluny by his friend King Francis I, Order of the Golden Fleece. Also friend of Erasmus and Rebelais)
Margaret of Lorraine + René of Alençon
Yolande, Duchess of Brabant +
Bonne of Bar + Waleran III, Count of Ligny and of Saint-Pol
ISABELLE OF VALOIS + Gian Galeazzo Visconti (father of FILIPPO MARIA VISCONTI, who commissioned Visconti-Sforza Tarot with FRANCESCO I SFORZA, member of the Order of the Cresent founded by RENE OF ANJOU)
Valentina + Louis I, Duke of Orléans
Charles, Duke of Orléans (ORDER OF THE GOLDEN FLEECE) + Marie of Cleves
Louis XII of France + Anne of Brittany
Claude of France + FRANCIS I OF FRANCE (see below)
Renée of France + Ercole II d’Este (s. of Alfonso I d'Este + Lucrezia Borgia)
Anne d’Este + (see below)
John, Count of Angoulême + Marguerite de Rohan
Charles, Count of Angoulême + Louise of Savoy
FRANCIS I OF FRANCE (sponsor of Guillaume Postel, who prophesied coming of Alias Artista) + Claude, Duchess of Brittany
Margaret of Valois + (see below)
Henry II of France + CATHERINE DE MEDICI (sponsor of NOSTRADAMUS and creator of the Black Mass)
Claude of France + Charles III, Duke of Lorraine (see above)
Henry II, Duke of Lorraine + Margherita Gonzaga (see above)
Nicole of Lorraine + Charles IV, Duke of Lorraine
Charles V, Duke of Lorraine (ORDER OF THE GOLDEN FLEECE)+ Eleonora Maria of Austria (see above)
Leopold, Duke of Lorraine + Élisabeth Charlotte d'Orléans (see below)
Claude of Lorraine + Nicholas II, Duke of Lorraine
Christina of Lorraine (patron of Galileo)
Henry III of France (educated in Black Arts by his mother) + Louise of Lorraine
Margaret of Angoulême + Henry II of Navarre
Jeanne III of Navarre + Antoine of Navarre (see below)
Henry IV of France + MARIE DE MEDICI
Louis XIII of France + Anne of Austria (see above)
Louis XIV of France + Marquise de Montespan
Louise Françoise de Bourbon + Louis III, Prince of Condé (see below)
Françoise Marie de Bourbon + PHILIPPE II, DUKE OF ORLEANS (see below)
PHILIPPE I, DUKE OF ORLEANS (Order of the Golden Fleece) + Elizabeth Charlotte, Madame Palatine + (see above)
PHILIPPE II, DUKE OF ORLEANS (friend of CHEVALIER MICHAEL RAMSAY) + Françoise Marie de Bourbon, Mademoiselle de Blois (d. of Louis XIV + Madame de Montespan (1640 – 1707), close to Philippe I, and accused of Black Mass)
Louis, Duke of Orléans (1703–1752)
Louis Philippe I, Duke of Orléans (1725 – 1785)
LOUIS PHILIPPE, DUKE OF ORLEANS (Philippe Égalité, Grand Master of the Grand Orient of France)
Charlotte Aglaé d'Orléans + (see below)
Élisabeth Charlotte d'Orléans + Leopold, Duke of Lorraine (see above)
FRANCIS I, HOLY ROMAN EMPEROR (Grand Master of the ORDER OF THE GOLDEN FLEECE) + MARIA THERESA (supporter of Jacob Frank)
JOSEPH II, HOLY ROMAN EMPEROR (Grand Master of the ORDER OF THE GOLDEN FLEECE, had affair with Eva, daughter of JOCOB FRANK)
Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor (Grand Master of the ORDER OF THE GOLDEN FLEECE) + Maria Luisa of Spain (d. Charles III of Spain, Grand Master of the ORDER OF THE GOLDEN FLEECE)
Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor (Grand Master of the ORDER OF THE GOLDEN FLEECE) + Princess Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily
Archduke Franz Karl + Princess Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily
Franz Joseph I of Austria (Grand Master of the ORDER OF THE GOLDEN FLEECE)
Maximilian I of Mexico
Archduke Karl Ludwig + Princess Maria Annunciata of Bourbon-Two Sicilies + Princess Maria Josepha of Saxony
Archduke Franz Ferdinand + Sophie, Duchess of Hohenberg
Archduke Otto of Austria + Princess Maria Josepha of Saxony
Charles I of Austria + Princess Zita of Bourbon-Parma
OTTO VON HABSBURG (Grand Master of the ORDER OF THE GOLDEN FLEECE)
Archduke Ferdinand of Austria + (see below)
Marie Antoinette + Louis XVI of France
Archduke Maximilian Francis (Grand Master of the (PRIORY OF SION)
Charles Alexander (ORDER OF THE GOLDEN FLEECE, Grand Master of the Priory of Sion)
PHILIPPE I, DUKE OF ORLEANS (ORDER OF THE GOLDEN FLEECE) + Henrietta of England (see above)
Anne Marie d’Orléans + Victor Amadeus II of Sardinia (see above)
Charles Emmanuel III of Sardinia + Polyxena of Hesse-Rotenburg
Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia + Maria Antonia Ferdinanda of Spain (see below)
Elisabeth of France + Philip IV of Spain (Grand Master of the Order of the Golden Fleece)
Maria Theresa of Spain + Louis XIV of France
Louis, Grand Dauphin + Maria Anna Victoria of Bavaria
Philip V of Spain (Grand Master of the ORDER OF THE GOLDEN FLEECE) + Elisabeth Farnese
Maria Antonia Ferdinanda of Spain + Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia (see above)
Charles Emmanuel IV, King of Sardinia
Victor Emmanuel I of Sardinia (ORDER OF THE GOLDEN FLEECE) + (see below)
Charles Felix, King of Sardinia (ORDER OF THE GOLDEN FLEECE)
Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor + Elizabeth of Pomerania
SIGISMUND OF LUXEMBOURG, HOLY ROMAN EMPEROR (founder of the ORDER OF THE DRAGON) + Barbara of Celje
Elizabeth of Luxembourg + Albert II of Germany (see above)
Elizabeth of Austria + Casimir IV, King of Poland
Vladislaus II of Hungary + Anne of Foix-Candale
Anna Jagellonica + Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor (Grand Master of the Order of the Golden Fleece. See above)
Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor (Grand Master of the Order of the Golden Fleece) + Maria of Austria, Holy Roman Empress
RUDOLF II, HOLY ROMAN EMPEROR (ORDER OF THE GOLDEN FLEECE, supporter of John Dee)
Anna of Austria, Queen of Spain + Philip II of Spain
Philip III of Spain (Grand Master of the ORDER OF THE GOLDEN FLEECE) + Margaret of Austria (see below)
Catherina Micaela of Spain + CHARLES EMMANUEL I OF SAVOY (birth prophesied by Nostradamus) (see below)
Eleanor, Duchess of Mantua + Guglielmo Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua
Margherita, Duchess consort of Ferrara + Alfonso II d'Este (ally of Rudolf II. No issue)
Vincenzo I Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua (ORDER OF THE GOLDEN FLEECE) + Eleonora de' Medici (see below)
Barbara, Duchess of Ferrara + Alfonso II d'Este (legitimate line of the House of Este ended with him in 1597)
Charles II, Archduke of Austria + Maria Anna of Bavaria
Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor + Eleonor Gonzaga (see below)
Margaret of Austria, Queen of Spain + Philip III of Spain
Philip IV of Spain (Grand Master of the ORDER OF THE GOLDEN FLEECE) + Elisabeth of France (see below)
Anne of Austria + Louis XIII of France (see below)
Maria Christina, Princess of Transylvania + Sigismund Báthory (nephew of Blood Countess Elizabeth Bathory)
Joanna of Austria + Francesco I de Medici
Marie de Medici + Henry IV of France (see below)
Eleanor de' Medici + Vincenzo I Gonzaga (see above)
Francesco IV Gonzaga + Margaret of Savoy
Margherita Gonzaga + Henry II, Duke of Lorraine (see below)
Vincenzo II Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua (in contact with Sendivogius)
Eleonor Gonzaga + Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor
Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor + Eleonora Gonzaga
Eleanor, Duchess of Mantua + William I, Duke of Mantua
Vincenzo Ι Gonzaga (Order of the Golden Fleece, nephew of Louis Gonzaga, Grand Master of the Priory of Sion) + see below
Margherita Gonzaga + Henry II, Duke of Lorraine
Joanna, Grand Duchess of Tuscany + Francesco I de' Medici
MARIE DE MEDICI + Henry IV of France
Louis II of Hungary + Mary of Austria (d. of Philip I of Castile + Joanna of Castile)
Barbara Jagiellon + George, Duke of Saxony
Christine of Saxony + Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse (supporter of Marin Luther, founded the Schmalkaldic League with John Frederick I, Elector of Saxony, who commissioned Luther Rose)
William IV, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel + Sabine of Württemberg
Maurice, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel (leading sponsor of the Rosicrucian movement, friend of Frederick V of the Palatinate) + Agnes of Solms-Laubach
Sigismund I the Old (Order of the Golden Fleece) + Bona Sforza (see above)
Sigismund II Augustus + Barbara Radziwiłł (accused of promiscuity and witchcraft)
Sigismund II Augustus
Anna Jagiellon + Stephen Báthory (sponsor of John Dee and uncle of Elizabeth Báthory, the “Blood Countess”)
Catherine Jagiellon + John III of Sweden
Sigismund III Vasa (from whom the Vasa kings of Poland were descended. Raised by Jesuits, sponsored alchemist Sendivogius)