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France

Index France

France, officially the French Republic (République française), is a sovereign state whose territory consists of metropolitan France in Western Europe, as well as several overseas regions and territories. [1]

9997 relations: 'Allo 'Allo!, 't Haantje, Drenthe, A Cook's Tour (book), A Coruña, A few acres of snow, A Goofy Movie, A Hard Day's Night (film), A Night of Serious Drinking, A. J. Liebling, A. 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Fitzsimons, William the Silent, William Wolfe, William Wycherley, William X, Duke of Aquitaine, Williams sisters, Wilmette, Illinois, Wilson Kipketer, Wim Duisenberg, Wind tunnel, Windstar Cruises, Windward Islands, Wine, Wine bottle, Winery, Wingles, Wingrave, Winnipeg Fringe Theatre Festival, Winslow Homer, Winter Olympic Games, Winterberg, Wireless telegraphy, Wisconsin, Wisconsin River, Wisconsin Territory, Wismar, Wissembourg, Within Temptation, Witten, Wodzisław Śląski, Wojciech Kilar, Wolf's Lair, Wolfenbüttel, Wolfram Freiherr von Richthofen, Wolfsburg, Wolsztyn, Wolverine (character), Woman, Women's rights, Women's United Soccer Association, Wonderland Trail, Wood carving, Woodworking, Work accident, Workers and Peasants' Socialist Party, Workers' Force, Workers' Party, Workers' Party (Algeria), Workers' Party (France), Working time, Works Volume 1, World Boxing Council, World Company, World economy, World Expo 88, World Heritage site, World Monuments Fund, World music, World Rally Championship, World Series of Poker, World Single Distance Championships, World Squash Championships, World Summit on the Information Society, World War III, World Youth Day, World's fair, Worms, Germany, Wreck of Rochelongue, Wrought iron, Wuppertal, Wusun, WWE Raw, WWE SmackDown, Wyndham Halswelle, X Japan, Xavier Bertrand, Xavier de Roux, Xavier Grall, Xavier Saint-Macary, Y, Somme, Yakima, Washington, Yalta, Yalta Conference, Yanggu County, Gangwon, Yangtze, Yankee Doodle, Yankee-class submarine, Yantai, Yardbird, Yaroslav the Wise, Yaroslavl, Yashwant Sinha, Yasser Arafat, Yasukuni Shrine, Yavne, Yeardley Smith, Yellow badge, Yeni-Kale, Yeomanry Mounted Division, Yerevan, Yersinia pestis, Yesterday (Beatles song), Yiddish, Yolanda of Flanders, Yolande Beekman, Yonge Street, Yonne, York, Yorkshire, Yosemite Sam, Yoshitaka Amano, Yoshkar-Ola, You Can't Do That on Television, You're Under Arrest (manga), Young Germany, Young Törless, Yser, Yusef of Morocco, Yvelines, Yves Tanguy, Yvette (river), Yvonne Loriod, Yvonne van Gennip, Zabrze, Zadar, Zahra Kazemi, Zakopane, Zangger Committee, Zaragoza, Złotów, Zeelandic Flanders, Zemun, Zend Technologies, Zeppo Marx, Zermatt, Zero tolerance, Zionism, Zita of Bourbon-Parma, Zlín, Zog I of Albania, Zollverein, Zonguldak, Zonnebeke, Zoot suit, Zorro, Zouk, Zucchini, Zula, Zundert, Zveno, Zvi Mazel, Zweibrücken, Zymology, 1 (Beatles album), 1006, 101st Airborne Division, 1027, 1031, 1079, 1085, 1095, 10th arrondissement of Paris, 10th century, 1130, 1134, 1150, 116 (number), 1164, 1174, 118 (number), 1181, 1198, 11th arrondissement of Paris, 11th century, 1201, 1209, 1212, 1248, 1249, 1250, 1260s, 1270s, 1271, 1285, 1289, 1297, 12th arrondissement of Paris, 12th century, 1303, 130th Engineer Brigade (United States), 1315, 1328, 1348, 1357, 1372, 1374, 1375, 1383–1385 Portuguese interregnum, 1398, 13th arrondissement of Paris, 13th century, 1415, 1423, 1434, 1450, 1483, 14th arrondissement of Paris, 14th century, 1501, 1521, 1534, 1539, 1543, 1544, 1562, 1574, 1582, 1598 in art, 15th arrondissement of Paris, 15th century, 1600 in science, 1602 in science, 1603, 1603 in science, 1604 in science, 1605 in science, 1613, 1624 in science, 1630s in Canada, 1651, 1660s in Canada, 1665 in literature, 1665 in science, 1666 census of New France, 1673, 1675, 1677, 1679 in science, 1680, 1680s in Canada, 1681 in science, 1682, 1690, 1690s in Canada, 1695, 16th arrondissement of Paris, 16th century, 16th century in Canada, 1704, 1707 in science, 1711 in Canada, 1712 in Canada, 1714, 1714 in science, 1715 in science, 1717, 1720, 1720 in Canada, 1725, 1727, 1729, 1730, 1734, 1743 in art, 1744 in Canada, 1746 in Canada, 1746 in science, 1748 in Canada, 1752, 1754 in architecture, 1754 in science, 1755 in Canada, 1756 in Canada, 1756 in science, 1757, 1757 in art, 1760, 1762, 1765 in science, 1766, 1767, 1769 in science, 1770, 1773 in science, 1779, 1781 in science, 1784, 1784 in science, 1785, 1785 in science, 1788, 1788 in science, 1797, 1799 in science, 17th (Northern) Division, 17th arrondissement of Paris, 17th century, 18 til I Die, 1800 in Canada, 1802, 1802 in science, 1806 in science, 1809 in art, 1812 Overture, 1818 in science, 1820s, 1822 in science, 1824, 1827, 1829 in science, 1830s, 1838, 1839, 1839 in art, 1840s, 1842, 1844 in science, 1852 in art, 1857 in music, 1858 in Canada, 1865 in archaeology, 1874 in music, 1875, 1875 in architecture, 1879 in art, 1880s, 1881 in music, 1890 in art, 1890 in science, 1893, 1893 in science, 1894 in science, 1896, 1899, 18th arrondissement of Paris, 1902 in aviation, 1903 in science, 1904 in aviation, 1904 in science, 1904 Summer Olympics, 1906, 1906 in art, 1906 in aviation, 1907 in aviation, 1908 in aviation, 1908 in science, 1908 Summer Olympics, 1909 in aviation, 1910, 1910 in aviation, 1910 in science, 1911 in art, 1911 in aviation, 1912 in aviation, 1913 in aviation, 1914 in aviation, 1915 in aviation, 1916 in aviation, 1916 in music, 1917 in aviation, 1918 in aviation, 1919, 1919 in aviation, 1920 in Germany, 1921 in aviation, 1921 in Germany, 1921 in Greece, 1922 in aviation, 1922 in Germany, 1923 in aviation, 1924 in aviation, 1924 Summer Olympics, 1924 Winter Olympics, 1925 in aviation, 1926 in aviation, 1926 United Kingdom general strike, 1927 in aviation, 1928 in architecture, 1928 in aviation, 1928 in science, 1929 in aviation, 1929 in sports, 1930 in aviation, 1930 in sports, 1931 in Afghanistan, 1931 in aviation, 1931 in sports, 1932 Ford, 1932 in aviation, 1932 in sports, 1933 in aviation, 1933 in sports, 1934, 1934 FIFA World Cup, 1935 in aviation, 1936 in aviation, 1937, 1937 in aviation, 1938 in aviation, 1939 in aviation, 1940 in aviation, 1940 in Canada, 1941 in aviation, 1942 in aviation, 1943 in aviation, 1944 in aviation, 1945 in aviation, 1946 in aviation, 1947 in aviation, 1948 Arab–Israeli War, 1948 in aviation, 1949 Armistice Agreements, 1949 in aviation, 1950 in aviation, 1951 in aviation, 1952 in aviation, 1953 in aviation, 1953 in sports, 1954 in aviation, 1955 in architecture, 1955 in music, 1955 in science, 1956 in aviation, 1959 in aviation, 1960 in aviation, 1960 Summer Olympics, 1961 in aviation, 1962 in aviation, 1963 in aviation, 1964, 1964 in architecture, 1965 in science, 1966 in aviation, 1967 in aviation, 1967 in television, 1968, 1968 in aviation, 1968 Winter Olympics, 1969, 1969 in aviation, 1971 in aviation, 1971 in LGBT rights, 1972 in aviation, 1972 in television, 1973 in architecture, 1973 in aviation, 1976 in aviation, 1977 in aviation, 1978 in aviation, 1979, 1979 in aviation, 1981 in aviation, 1982 in aviation, 1982 in LGBT rights, 1983 in aviation, 1985 Helsinki Protocol on the Reduction of Sulphur Emissions, 1985 in LGBT rights, 1986 in aviation, 1986 United States bombing of Libya, 1988, 1988 in aviation, 1989, 1989 in architecture, 1989 in aviation, 1992 in aviation, 1992 in sports, 1992 Winter Olympics, 1992 Winter Paralympics, 1993 in aviation, 1994 in aviation, 1994 in science, 1995 in aviation, 1995 in politics, 1995 Paris Métro and RER bombings, 1998 in aviation, 1998 in sports, 1999 in aviation, 1999 in sports, 1999 Rugby World Cup, 19P/Borrelly, 19th arrondissement of Paris, 1st arrondissement of Paris, 1st Infantry Division (United Kingdom), 20 BC, 2000 in aviation, 2000s (decade), 2001 in aviation, 2001 shoe bomb attempt, 2001 U.S. Embassy Paris attack plot, 2002 in aviation, 2002 in politics, 2002 Karachi bus bombing, 2003 European heat wave, 2003 in sports, 2003 invasion of Iraq, 2003 Phnom Penh riots, 2003 World Championships in Athletics, 2003–04 Heineken Cup, 2004 in aviation, 2004 in politics, 2004 Summer Paralympics, 2007, 2010s, 2015, 2018, 2024, 2040, 20th arrondissement of Paris, 21st Army Group, 231 BC, 274, 27th Division (United Kingdom), 27th G8 summit, 280, 2nd arrondissement of Paris, 303, 33 (number), 384, 3rd arrondissement of Paris, 3rd Division (United Kingdom), 3T, 4-6-4, 4-8-4, 4179 Toutatis, 441, 49th (West Riding) Infantry Division, 4th arrondissement of Paris, 509, 51 Nemausa, 51 Pegasi, 524, 52nd (Lowland) Infantry Division, 532, 540s BC, 55 (number), 555 (number), 579, 584, 585, 591, 592, 5th arrondissement of Paris, 5th millennium BC, 5th Naval Infantry Battalion (Argentina), 600 BC, 612, 629, 640, 665, 667, 672, 693, 6th arrondissement of Paris, 710, 714, 717, 719, 720, 721, 72nd Academy Awards, 731, 732, 733, 736, 74th (Yeomanry) Division, 757, 76 mm mountain gun M1909, 760, 76th Regiment of Foot, 790, 7th arrondissement of Paris, 816, 821, 82nd Airborne Division, 835, 839, 84 Avenue Foch, 841, 843, 849, 856, 858, 859, 862, 879, 888, 898, 8th arrondissement of Paris, 90125, 910, 92 (number), 924, 928, 933, 978, 988, 992, 9th arrondissement of Paris. Expand index (9947 more) »

'Allo 'Allo!

Allo Allo! is a BBC television British sitcom that was first broadcast on BBC One from 1982 to 1992, comprising 85 episodes.

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't Haantje, Drenthe

t Haantje (the Little Rooster) is a small village in the northeastern Netherlands.

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A Cook's Tour (book)

A Cook's Tour: In Search of the Perfect Meal, sometimes later published as A Cook's Tour: Global Adventures in Extreme Cuisines, is a ''New York Times'' bestselling book written by chef and author Anthony Bourdain in 2001.

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A Coruña

A Coruña (is a city and municipality of Galicia, Spain. It is the second most populated city in the autonomous community and seventeenth overall in the country. The city is the provincial capital of the province of the same name, having also served as political capital of the Kingdom of Galicia from the 16th to the 19th centuries, and as a regional administrative centre between 1833 and 1982, before being replaced by Santiago de Compostela. A Coruña is a busy port located on a promontory in the Golfo Ártabro, a large gulf on the Atlantic Ocean. It provides a distribution point for agricultural goods from the region.

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A few acres of snow

"A few acres of snow" (in the original French, "quelques arpents de neige",, with "vers le Canada") is one of several quotations from Voltaire, the 18th-century writer, which are representative of his sneering evaluation of Canada as lacking economic value and strategic importance to 18th-century France.

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A Goofy Movie

A Goofy Movie is a 1995 animated musical comedy film, produced by Disney MovieToons and Walt Disney Television Animation.

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A Hard Day's Night (film)

A Hard Day's Night is a 1964 British musical comedy film directed by Richard Lester and starring the Beatles—John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison, and Ringo Starr—during the height of Beatlemania.

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A Night of Serious Drinking

A Night of Serious Drinking (1938) is an allegorical novel by the French surrealist writer René Daumal detailing what is ostensibly an extremely simple plot in which the narrator overly imbibes alcohol; what unfolds however is a novel which explores the extremities of heaven and hell.

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A. J. Liebling

Abbott Joseph "A.

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A. Peter Dewey

Albert Peter Dewey (October 8, 1916 – September 26, 1945), was an American Office of Strategic Services operative shot to death in a case of mistaken identity by Communist aligned Viet Minh troops on September 26, 1945.

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Aalst, Belgium

Aalst (Alost, Brabantian: Oilsjt) is a city and municipality on the Dender River, northwest from Brussels.

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Aaron Copland

Aaron Copland (November 14, 1900December 2, 1990) was an American composer, composition teacher, writer, and later a conductor of his own and other American music.

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Aarschot

Aarschot is a city and municipality in the province of Flemish Brabant, in Flanders, Belgium.

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Aérospatiale Alouette III

The Aérospatiale Alouette III (Lark) is a single-engine, light utility helicopter developed by French aircraft company Sud Aviation.

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Aérospatiale SA 330 Puma

The Aérospatiale SA 330 Puma is a four-bladed, twin-engined medium transport/utility helicopter.

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Aérospatiale-Matra

Aérospatiale-Matra was a French missile and aircraft manufacturer.

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Abalone

Abalone (or; via Spanish abulón, from Rumsen aulón) is a common name for any of a group of small to very large sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Haliotidae.

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Abba Mari

Abba Mari ben Moses ben Joseph, was a Provençal rabbi, born at Lunel, near Montpellier, towards the end of the 13th century.

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Abbas Kiarostami

Abbas Kiarostami (عباس کیارستمی; 22 June 1940 – 4 July 2016) was an Iranian film director, screenwriter, poet, photographer and film producer.

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Abbécourt

Abbécourt is a French commune in the Aisne department in the Hauts-de-France region of northern France.

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Abbess

In Christianity, an abbess (Latin abbatissa, feminine form of abbas, abbot) is the female superior of a community of nuns, which is often an abbey.

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Abbey

An abbey is a complex of buildings used by members of a religious order under the governance of an abbot or abbess.

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Abbey of St. Jean des Vignes

The Abbey of St.

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Abbo of Fleury

Abbo or Abbon of Fleury (Abbo Floriacensis; – 13 November 1004), also known as Saint Abbo or Abbon, was a monk and abbot of Fleury Abbey in present-day Saint-Benoît-sur-Loire near Orléans, France.

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Abbreviator

An Abbreviator (plural "Abbreviators" in English and "Abbreviatores" in Latin) or Breviator was a writer of the Papal Chancery who adumbrated and prepared in correct form Papal bulls, briefs, and consistorial decrees before these were written out in extenso by the scriptores.

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Abd al-Karim Qasim

Abd Al-Karim Qasim Muhammed Bakr Al-Fadhli Al-Zubaidi (عبد الكريم قاسم) (21 November 1914 – 9 February 1963), was a nationalist Iraqi Army brigadier who seized power in the 14 July Revolution, wherein the Iraqi monarchy was eliminated.

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Abdou Diouf

Abdou Diouf (Serer: Abdu Juuf; born September 7, 1935.) is a Senegalese politician who was the second President of Senegal from 1981 to 2000.

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Abdulmejid II

Abdulmejid II (عبد المجید الثانی, Abd al-Madjeed al-Thâni – Halife İkinci Abdülmecit Efendi, 29 May 1868 – 23 August 1944) was the last Caliph of Islam, nominally the 37th Head of the Ottoman Imperial House from 1922 to 1924.

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Abdur Rahman Khan

Abdur Rahman Khan (عبد رحمان خان) (between 1840 and 1844October 1, 1901) was Emir of Afghanistan from 1880 to 1901.

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Abdurrahman Wahid

Abdurrahman Wahid, born Abdurrahman ad-Dakhil (September 1940 – 30 December 2009), colloquially known as, was an Indonesian Muslim religious and political leader who served as the President of Indonesia from 1999 to 2001.

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Abel Goumba

Abel Nguéndé Goumba (18 September 1926 – 11 May 2009) was a Central African political figure.

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Abel Servien

Abel Servien, marquis de Sablé et de Boisdauphin and comte de La Roche des Aubiers (1 November 159317 February 1659) was a French diplomat who served Cardinal Mazarin and signed for the French the Treaty of Westphalia.

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Abellio

Abellio (also Abelio and Abelionni) was a god worshipped in the Garonne Valley in Gallia Aquitania (now southwest France), known primarily by a number of inscriptions which were discovered in Comminges.

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Abenaki

The Abenaki (Abnaki, Abinaki, Alnôbak) are a Native American tribe and First Nation.

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Aberdaron

Aberdaron is a community, electoral ward and former fishing village at the western tip of the Llŷn Peninsula (Penrhyn Llŷn) in the Welsh county of Gwynedd.

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Abertillery

Abertillery (Abertyleri, meaning mouth of the River Tyleri) is the largest town of the Ebbw Fach valley in what was the historic county of Monmouthshire, Wales.

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Ablon

Ablon is a commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region in northwestern France.

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Abolitionism

Abolitionism is a general term which describes the movement to end slavery.

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Abomey

Abomey is a city in the Zou Department of Benin.

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Abraham bar Hiyya

(1070 Barcelona, Catalonia – 1136 or 1145 Narbonne, France) was a Jewish mathematician, astronomer and philosopher, also known as Savasorda (from the Arabic صاحب الشرطة Ṣāḥib al-Shurṭa "Chief of the Police") or Abraham Judaeus.

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Abraham Robinson

Abraham Robinson (born Robinsohn; October 6, 1918 – April 11, 1974) was a mathematician who is most widely known for development of non-standard analysis, a mathematically rigorous system whereby infinitesimal and infinite numbers were reincorporated into modern mathematics.

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Absurdism

In philosophy, "the Absurd" refers to the conflict between the human tendency to seek inherent value and meaning in life and the human inability to find any.

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Académie française

The Académie française is the pre-eminent French council for matters pertaining to the French language.

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Académie Julian

The Académie Julian was a private art school for painting and sculpture founded in Paris, France, in 1867 by French painter and teacher Rodolphe Julian (1839–1907) that was active from 1868 through 1968.

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Academic art

Academic art, or academicism or academism, is a style of painting, sculpture, and architecture produced under the influence of European academies of art.

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Academic dress

Academic dress is a traditional form of clothing for academic settings, mainly tertiary (and sometimes secondary) education, worn mainly by those who have been admitted to a university degree (or similar), or hold a status that entitles them to assume them (e.g., undergraduate students at certain old universities).

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Academic freedom

Academic freedom is the conviction that the freedom of inquiry by faculty members is essential to the mission of the academy as well as the principles of academia, and that scholars should have freedom to teach or communicate ideas or facts (including those that are inconvenient to external political groups or to authorities) without being targeted for repression, job loss, or imprisonment.

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Academic journal

An academic or scholarly journal is a periodical publication in which scholarship relating to a particular academic discipline is published.

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Academy

An academy (Attic Greek: Ἀκαδήμεια; Koine Greek Ἀκαδημία) is an institution of secondary education, higher learning, research, or honorary membership.

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Academy Award for Best Picture

The Academy Award for Best Picture is one of the Academy Awards presented annually since the awards debuted in 1929, by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).

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Academy of Persian Language and Literature

The Academy of Persian Language and Literature (acronym: APLL) (فرهنگستان زبان و ادب فارسی) is the official regulatory body of the Persian language, headquartered in Tehran, Iran.

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Acadia Parish, Louisiana

Acadia Parish (Paroisse de l'Acadie) is a parish located in the U.S. state of Louisiana.

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Acadians

The Acadians (Acadiens) are the descendants of French colonists who settled in Acadia during the 17th and 18th centuries, some of whom are also descended from the Indigenous peoples of the region.

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Access Copyright

Access © or Access Copyright is the operating name of a Canada Business Corporations Act corporation whose official registration name is The Canadian Copyright Licensing Agency (formerly Cancopy).

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Accounting standard

Financial statements prepared and presented by a company typically follow an external standard that specifically guides their preparation.

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Aceh

Aceh; (Acehnese: Acèh; Jawoë:; Dutch: Atjeh or Aceh) is a province of Indonesia.

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Acer platanoides

Acer platanoides (Norway maple) is a species of maple native to eastern and central Europe and western Asia, from France east to Russia, north to southern Scandinavia and southeast to northern Iran.

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Acer pseudoplatanus

Acer pseudoplatanus, known as the sycamore in the United Kingdom and the sycamore maple in the United States, is a flowering plant species in the soapberry and lychee family Sapindaceae.

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Acetaldehyde

Acetaldehyde (systematic name ethanal) is an organic chemical compound with the formula CH3CHO, sometimes abbreviated by chemists as MeCHO (Me.

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Achill Island

Achill Island (Acaill, Oileán Acla) in County Mayo is the largest of the Irish isles, and is situated off the west coast of Ireland.

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Acorn Computers

Acorn Computers Ltd. was a British computer company established in Cambridge, England, in 1978.

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Acqueville, Calvados

Acqueville is a French commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region of northwestern France.

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Acqueville, Manche

Acqueville is a former commune in the Manche department in the Normandy region in northwestern France.

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Action Against Hunger

Action Against Hunger (or Action Contre La Faim (ACF) in French) is a global humanitarian organization which originated in France and is committed to ending world hunger.

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Acute radiation syndrome

Acute radiation syndrome (ARS) is a collection of health effects that are present within 24 hours of exposure to high doses of ionizing radiation.

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Ada (programming language)

Ada is a structured, statically typed, imperative, and object-oriented high-level computer programming language, extended from Pascal and other languages.

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Adagio (band)

Adagio is a French progressive metal band formed in 2000 by guitarist Stéphan Forté.

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Adalberon (bishop of Laon)

Adalberon, or Ascelin (died July 19, 1030/1031), was a French bishop and poet.

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Adalbert of Magdeburg

Adalbert of Magdeburg, sometimes incorrectly shortened to "Albert" (c. 910 - 20 June 981), and known as the Apostle of the Slavs, was the first Archbishop of Magdeburg (from 968) and a successful missionary to the Polabian Slavs to the east of what is contemporarily Germany.

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Adam Philippe, Comte de Custine

Adam Philippe, Comte de Custine (4 February 174028 August 1793) was a French general.

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Adélie Land

Adélie Land (French: Terre Adélie) is a claimed territory on the continent of Antarctica.

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Adela of Normandy

Adela of Normandy, of Blois, or of England (c. 1067LoPrete, Kimberly. "Adela of Blois." Women and Gender in Medieval Europe: An Encyclopedia. Ed. Margaret Schaus. New York: Routledge, 2006. 6-7. – 8 March 1137), also known as in Roman Catholicism, was Countess of Blois, Chartres, and Meaux by marriage to Stephen II, Count of Blois.

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ADFGVX cipher

In cryptography, the ADFGVX cipher was a field cipher used by the German Army on the Western Front during World War I. ADFGVX was in fact an extension of an earlier cipher called ADFGX.

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Admiral

Admiral is one of the highest ranks in some navies, and in many navies is the highest rank.

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Admiralty court

Admiralty courts, also known as maritime courts, are courts exercising jurisdiction over all maritime contracts, torts, injuries, and offenses.

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Admiralty law

Admiralty law or maritime law is a body of law that governs nautical issues and private maritime disputes.

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Adolf Anderssen

Karl Ernst Adolf Anderssen (July 6, 1818 – March 13, 1879)"Anderssen, Adolf" in The New Encyclopædia Britannica.

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Adolf Galland

Adolf Joseph Ferdinand Galland (19 March 1912 – 9 February 1996) was a German Luftwaffe general and flying ace who served throughout the Second World War in Europe.

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Adolf of Germany

Adolf (c. 1255 – 2 July 1298) was Count of Nassau from about 1276 and elected King of Germany (King of the Romans) from 1292 until his deposition by the prince-electors in 1298.

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Adolph Zukor

Adolph Zukor (January 7, 1873 – June 10, 1976) was an American film mogul and founder of Paramount Pictures, born in Austria-Hungary.

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Adolphe Willette

Adolphe Léon Willette (30 July 18574 February 1926) was a French painter, illustrator, caricaturist, and lithographer, as well as an architect of the famous Moulin Rouge cabaret.

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Adrenoleukodystrophy

Adrenoleukodystrophy is a disease linked to the X chromosome.

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Adria Airways

Adria Airways d.o.o., (formerly Inex-Adria Aviopromet and later Inex-Adria Airways) is the largest airline in Slovenia.

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Adrian and Natalia of Nicomedia

Saint Adrian (also known as Hadrian) or Adrian of Nicomedia (died 4 March 306) was a Herculian Guard of the Roman Emperor Galerius Maximian.

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Adrian Năstase

Adrian Năstase (born 22 June 1950) is a Romanian former politician who was the Prime Minister of Romania from December 2000 to December 2004.

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Adrien Baillet

Adrien Baillet (13 June 164921 January 1706) was a French scholar and critic.

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Adrien Duport

Adrien Duport (6 February 17596 July 1798) was a French politician, and lawyer.

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Adrienne Clarkson

Adrienne Louise Clarkson (née Poy, February 10, 1939) is a Hong Kong-born Canadian journalist and stateswoman who served as Governor General of Canada, the 26th since Canadian Confederation.

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Adultery

Adultery (from Latin adulterium) is extramarital sex that is considered objectionable on social, religious, moral, or legal grounds.

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Adunis

Ali Ahmad Said Esber, romanised: ʿAlī Aḥmad Saʿīd 'Isbar (born 1 January 1930), also known by the pen name Adonis or Adunis (أدونيس, Adūnīs), is a Syrian poet, essayist and translator who is considered one of the most influential and dominant Arab poets of the modern era.

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Adur District

Adur is a local government district of West Sussex, England.

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Advocate

An advocate in this sense is a professional in the field of law.

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Aerial archaeology

Aerial archaeology is the study of archaeological remains by examining them from altitude.

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Aerial photography

Aerial photography (or airborne imagery) is the taking of photographs from an aircraft or other flying object.

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Aerial refueling

Aerial refueling, also referred to as air refueling, in-flight refueling (IFR), air-to-air refueling (AAR), and tanking, is the process of transferring aviation fuel from one military aircraft (the tanker) to another (the receiver) during flight.

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Aermacchi MB-326

The Aermacchi or Macchi MB-326 is a light military jet trainer designed in Italy.

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Aero L-39 Albatros

The Aero L-39 Albatros is a high-performance jet trainer developed in Czechoslovakia by Aero Vodochody.

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Aerosvit Airlines

AeroSvit Airlines private stock company (Приватне акціонерне товариство «Авіакомпанія АероСвіт»), operating as AeroSvit — Ukrainian Airlines / АероСвіт, was a Ukrainian private airline.

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Affection

Affection, attraction, infatuation, or fondness is a "disposition or state of mind or body" that is often associated with a feeling or type of love.

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Affton, Missouri

Affton is a census-designated place (CDP) in St. Louis County, Missouri, United States, near St. Louis.

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Afghanistan Meteorological Authority

The Afghanistan Meteorological Authority is located in Kabul, Afghanistan.

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Afonso V of Portugal

Afonso V KG (15 January 1432 – 28 August 1481), called the African, was King of Portugal and of the Algarves.

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African diaspora

The African diaspora consists of the worldwide collection of communities descended from Africa's peoples, predominantly in the Americas.

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African hip hop

Hip hop music has been popular in Africa since the early 1980s due to widespread American influence.

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Afro-Latin Americans

Afro-Latin Americans or Black Latin Americans refers to Latin American people of significant African ancestry.

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Agénor Bardoux

Agénor Bardoux (15 January 1829, Bourges, Cher23 November 1897, Paris) was a French statesman and republican, son of Jacques Bardoux (Moulins, 3 February 1795Clermont-Ferrand, 8 January 1871) and wife Thérèse Pignet (Limoges, 6 April 1807St. Saturnin, 25 March 1883).

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Age of consent

The age of consent is the age below which a minor is considered to be legally incompetent to consent to sexual acts.

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Age of Empires II

Age of Empires II: The Age of Kings is a real-time strategy video game developed by Ensemble Studios and published by Microsoft.

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Age of Liberty

In Swedish and Finnish history, the Age of Liberty (Age of Freedom) (Frihetstiden) is a half-century-long period of parliamentary governance and increasing civil rights, beginning with Charles XII's death in 1718 and ending with Gustav III's self-coup in 1772.

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Agence France-Presse

Agence France-Presse (AFP) is an international news agency headquartered in Paris, France.

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Agfa-Gevaert

Agfa-Gevaert N.V. (Agfa) is a Belgian-German multinational corporation that develops, manufactures, and distributes analogue and digital imaging products and systems, as well as IT solutions.

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Agglomeration communities in France

An agglomeration community (communauté d'agglomération) is a government structure in France, created by the Chevènement Law of 1999.

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Agnes of Merania

Agnes Maria of Andechs-Merania (died 1201) was a Queen of France.

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Agoli-agbo

Agoli-agbo is considered to have been the twelfth and final King of Dahomey.

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Agosta-class submarine

The Agosta-class submarine is a class of diesel-electric fast-attack submarine developed and constructed by the French DCNS in 1970s to succeed the ''Daphné'' submarines.

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Agrarianism

Agrarianism is a social philosophy or political philosophy which values rural society as superior to urban society, the independent farmer as superior to the paid worker, and sees farming as a way of life that can shape the ideal social values.

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Agrégation

In France, the agrégation is a competitive examination for civil service in the French public education system.

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Agustín de Iturbide y Green

Don Agustín de Iturbide y Green, Prince of Iturbide (2 April 1863, in Mexico City, Mexico – 3 March 1925, in Washington, D.C.) was the grandson of Agustín de Iturbide, the first emperor of independent Mexico, and his consort Empress Ana María.

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Agy

Agy is a French commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region of north-western France.

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Ahmadou Ahidjo

Ahmadou Babatoura Ahidjo (24 August 1924 – 30 November 1989) was the first President of Cameroon, holding the office from 1960 until 1982.

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Ahmed Ressam

Ahmed Ressam (احمد رسام; also Benni Noris or the Millennium Bomber; born May 9, 1967) is an Algerian al-Qaeda member who lived for a time in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

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Ahmed Sékou Touré

Ahmed Sékou Touré (var. Ahmed Sheku Turay) (January 9, 1922 – March 26, 1984) was a Guinean political leader who was elected as the first President of Guinea, serving from 1958 until his death in 1984.

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Ahnenerbe

The Ahnenerbe (ancestral heritage) was a think tank that operated in Nazi Germany between 1935 and 1945.

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Ahrweiler (district)

Ahrweiler is a district in the north of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

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AIDC F-CK-1 Ching-kuo

The AIDC F-CK-1 Ching-kuo (經國號戰機), commonly known as the Indigenous Defense Fighter (IDF), is a multirole combat aircraft named after Chiang Ching-kuo, the late President of the Republic of China (Taiwan).

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AIESEC

AIESEC is the world's largest non-profit youth-run organization.

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Aignerville

Aignerville is a former commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region of northwestern France.

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Aigues-Mortes

Aigues-Mortes (Aigas Mòrtas) is a French commune in the Gard department in the Occitanie region of southern France.

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Aikido

is a modern Japanese martial art developed by Morihei Ueshiba as a synthesis of his martial studies, philosophy, and religious beliefs.

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Aimé Bonpland

Aimé Jacques Alexandre Bonpland (August 1773 – May 1858) was a French explorer and botanist who traveled with Alexander von Humboldt in Latin America from 1799 to 1804.

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Aimé Césaire

Aimé Fernand David Césaire (26 June 1913 – 17 April 2008) was a Francophone and French poet, author and politician from Martinique.

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Aimee Semple McPherson

Aimee Semple McPherson (Aimée, in the original French; October 9, 1890 – September 27, 1944), also known as Sister Aimee or simply Sister, was a Canadian-American Pentecostal evangelist and media celebrity in the 1920s and 1930s,Obituary Variety, October 4, 1944.

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Aimoin

Aimoin of Fleury (Aimoinus (Annonius; Aemonius) Floriacensis), French chronicler, was born at Villefranche-de-Longchat about 960, and in early life entered the monastery of Fleury, where he became a monk and passed the greater part of his life.

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Ain

Ain (Arpitan: En) is a department named after the Ain River on the eastern edge of France.

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Air Algérie

Air Algérie SpA (الخطوط الجوية الجزائرية,; Aeriverdan idzayriyen) is the national airline of Algeria, with its head office in the Immeuble El-Djazair in Algiers.

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Air America (airline)

Air America was an American passenger and cargo airline covertly owned and operated by the US government from 1950 to 1976.

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Air Berlin

Air Berlin PLC & Co.

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Air Calédonie

Société Calédonienne de Transports Aériens, operating as Air Calédonie, is a French airline and is the domestic airline for New Caledonia, headquartered on the grounds of Magenta Airport in Nouméa.

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Air Force of Zimbabwe

The Air Force of Zimbabwe (AFZ) is the air force of the Zimbabwe Defence Forces.

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Air guitar

Air guitar is a form of dance and movement in which the performer pretends to play an imaginary rock or heavy metal-style electric guitar, including riffs, solos, etc.

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Air Tahiti Nui

Air Tahiti Nui is a French airline with its head office in Papeete, Tahiti, French Polynesia, France.

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Airan

Airan is a former commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region of northwestern France.

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Airbus A300

The Airbus A300 is a wide-body twin-engine jet airliner that was developed and manufactured by Airbus.

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Airbus A318

The Airbus A318 is the smallest member of the Airbus A320 family of short- to medium-range, narrow-body, commercial passenger twin-engine jet airliners manufactured by Airbus.

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Airbus A320 family

The Airbus A320 family consists of short- to medium-range, narrow-body, commercial passenger twin-engine jet airliners manufactured by Airbus.

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Airbus A380

The Airbus A380 is a double-deck, wide-body, four-engine jet airliner manufactured by multi-national manufacturer Airbus.

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Aircalin

Société Aircalin, also known as Air Calédonie International, is a French airline and is the international airline of New Caledonia.

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Aircraft engine

An aircraft engine is the component of the propulsion system for an aircraft that generates mechanical power.

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Aire-sur-l'Adour

Aire-sur-l'Adour is a commune in the Landes department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France.

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Airmail

Airmail (or air mail) is a mail transport service branded and sold on the basis of at least one leg of its journey being by air.

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Airport security

Airport security refers to the techniques and methods used in an attempt to protect passengers, staff and planes which use the airports from accidental/malicious harm, crime and other threats.

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Aisne

Aisne is a French department in the Hauts-de-France region of northern France.

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Aiti

Aiti (in Corsican Àiti, pronounced) is a commune in the Haute-Corse department of France on the island of Corsica.

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Ajaccio

Ajaccio is a French commune, prefecture of the department of Corse-du-Sud, and head office of the Collectivité territoriale de Corse (capital city of Corsica).

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Akhmed Zakayev

Akhmed Halidovich Zakayev (Заки Хьалид кlант Ахьмад, Zaki Halid-khant Ahmad, Ахмед Халидович Закаев, Akhmed Khalidovich Zakayev; born 26 April 1959) is a former Deputy Prime Minister and Prime Minister of the unrecognised Chechen Republic of Ichkeria (ChRI).

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Aksel Airo

Aksel Fredrik Airo (1898, Turku – 1985) was a Finnish lieutenant general and main strategic planner during the Winter War and the Continuation War.

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Al Ain

Al-‘Ain (اَلْـعَـيْـن,, literally The Spring) is a city in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, the United Arab Emirates.

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Al Jarreau

Alwin Lopez "Al" Jarreau (March 12, 1940 – February 12, 2017) was an American singer and musician.

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Al-Karak

Al-Karak (الكرك), also known as just Karak or Kerak, is a city in Jordan known for its Crusader castle, the Kerak Castle.

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Alain Finkielkraut

Alain Finkielkraut (born 30 June 1949) is a French philosopher and public intellectual.

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Alain Glavieux

Alain Glavieux (4 July 1949, Paris – 25 September 2004) was a French professor in electrical engineering at École Nationale Supérieure des Télécommunications de Bretagne.

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Alain Juppé

Alain Marie Juppé (born 15 August 1945) is a French politician, and a member of The Republicans.

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Alain Krivine

Alain Krivine (born 10 July 1941 in Paris) is a leader of the Trotskyist movement in France.

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Alain Lipietz

Alain Lipietz (born September 19, 1947 as Alain Guy Lipiec) is a French engineer, economist and politician, a former Member of the European Parliament, and a member of the French Green Party.

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Alain Madelin

Alain Madelin (born 26 March 1946, in Paris) is a French politician and a former minister of that country.

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Alain Maury

Alain J. Maury (born 1958) is a French astronomer.

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Alain Poher

Alain Émile Louis Marie Poher (17 April 1909 – 9 December 1996) was a French centrist politician, affiliated first with the Popular Republican Movement and later with the Democratic Centre.

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Alain Prost

Alain Marie Pascal Prost (born 24 February 1955) is a retired French racing driver.

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Alamut Castle

Alamut (الموت, meaning "eagle's nest") was a mountain fortress located in Alamut region in the South Caspian province of Daylam near the Rudbar region in Persia, approximately 100 km (60 mi) from present-day Tehran.

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Alan Charles Kors

Alan Charles Kors (born July 18, 1943) is Henry Charles Lea Professor Emeritus of History at the University of Pennsylvania, where he taught the intellectual history of the 17th and 18th centuries.

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Alan García

Alan Gabriel Ludwig García Pérez (born 23 May 1949) is a Peruvian politician who served as President of Peru from 1985 to 1990 and again from 2006 to 2011.

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Alan Watts

Alan Wilson Watts (6 January 1915 – 16 November 1973) was a British philosopher, writer, and speaker, best known as an interpreter and populariser of Eastern philosophy for a Western audience.

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Alaouite dynasty

The Alaouite dynasty, or Alawite dynasty (سلالة العلويين الفيلاليين, Sulālat al-ʿAlawiyyīn al-Fīlālīyn), is the current Moroccan royal family.

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Alaric II

Alaric II (*Alareiks, "ruler of all"; August 507), also known as Alarik, Alarich, and Alarico in Spanish and Portuguese or Alaricus in Latin — succeeded his father Euric as king of the Visigoths in Toulouse on December 28, 484.

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Alaska–Yukon–Pacific Exposition

The Alaska–Yukon–Pacific Exposition was a world's fair held in Seattle in 1909, publicizing the development of the Pacific Northwest.

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Alaunus

Alaunus or Alaunius was a Gaulish god of healing and prophecy.

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Alawite State

The Alawite State (دولة جبل العلويين,, Alaouites, informally as État des Alaouites or Le territoire des Alaouites) and named after the locally-dominant Alawites, was a French mandate territory on the coast of present-day Syria after World War I.

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Alès

Alès (Alès) is a commune in the Gard department in the Occitanie region in southern France.

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Albacore

The albacore (Thunnus alalunga), known also as the longfin tuna, is a species of tuna of the order Perciformes.

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Albania

Albania (Shqipëri/Shqipëria; Shqipni/Shqipnia or Shqypni/Shqypnia), officially the Republic of Albania (Republika e Shqipërisë), is a country in Southeastern Europe.

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Albany Congress

The Albany Congress (also known as "The Conference of Albany") was a meeting of representatives sent by the legislatures of seven of the thirteen British colonies in British America: Connecticut, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New York, Pennsylvania, and Rhode Island.

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Albert Camus

Albert Camus (7 November 1913 – 4 January 1960) was a French philosopher, author, and journalist.

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Albert Einstein World Award of Science

The Albert Einstein World Award for Science is an annual award given by the World Cultural Council "as a means of recognition and encouragement for scientific and technological research and development", with special consideration for researches which "have brought true benefit and well being to mankind".

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Albert Gallatin

Abraham Alfonse Albert Gallatin (January 29, 1761 – August 12, 1849) was a Swiss-American politician, diplomat, ethnologist and linguist.

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Albert I of Belgium

Albert I (8 April 1875 – 17 February 1934) reigned as the third King of the Belgians from 1909 to 1934.

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Albert II, Prince of Monaco

Albert II – Website of the Palace of Monaco (Albert Alexandre Louis Pierre Grimaldi; born 14 March 1958) is the reigning monarch of the Principality of Monaco and head of the princely house of Grimaldi.

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Albert Roussel

Albert Charles Paul Marie Roussel (5 April 1869 – 23 August 1937) was a French composer.

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Albert Seibel

Albert Seibel (1844–1936) was a French physician and viticulturist who made hybrid crosses of European wine grapes (Vitis vinifera) with native North American grapes.

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Albert Spaggiari

Albert Spaggiari (14 December 1932 – 8 June 1989), nicknamed Bert, he was a French criminal chiefly known as the organizer of a break-in into a Société Générale bank in Nice, France in 1976.

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Albert Zafy

Albert Zafy (1 May 1927 – 13 October 2017) was a Malagasy politician and educator who served as President of Madagascar from 27 March 1993 to 5 September 1996.

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Albertville

Albertville (Arpitan: Arbèrtvile) is a commune in the Savoie department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in south-eastern France.

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Albigensian Crusade

The Albigensian Crusade or the Cathar Crusade (1209–1229) was a 20-year military campaign initiated by Pope Innocent III to eliminate Catharism in Languedoc, in southern France.

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Albrecht von Wallenstein

Albrecht Wenzel Eusebius von Wallenstein (Albrecht Václav Eusebius z Valdštejna; 24 September 158325 February 1634),Schiller, Friedrich.

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Alcalá de Henares

Alcalá de Henares, meaning Castle on the Henares (river), in Arabic قلعة النار, is a Spanish city located northeast of the country's capital, Madrid.

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Alceste De Ambris

Alceste De Ambris (15 September 1874 – 9 December 1934), was an Italian syndicalist, the brother of politician Amilcare De Ambris.

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Alcobaça, Portugal

Alcobaça is a city and a municipality in Oeste Subregion, region Centro in Portugal, formerly included in the Estremadura Province.

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Alcohol by volume

Alcohol by volume (abbreviated as ABV, abv, or alc/vol) is a standard measure of how much alcohol (ethanol) is contained in a given volume of an alcoholic beverage (expressed as a volume percent).

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Alcoholic drinks in China

Alcoholic drinks in China seem to precede the earliest stages of Chinese civilization.

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Aldabra

Aldabra is the world's second-largest coral atoll.

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Alemannic German

Alemannic (German) is a group of dialects of the Upper German branch of the Germanic language family.

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Aleppo

Aleppo (ﺣﻠﺐ / ALA-LC) is a city in Syria, serving as the capital of the Aleppo Governorate, the most-populous Syrian governorate.

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Alessandria

Alessandria (Piedmontese: Lissandria) is a city and comune in Piedmont, Italy, and the capital of the Province of Alessandria.

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Alex Vieux

Alex Serge Vieux is the chairman and publisher of Red Herring and CEO of Herring International.

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Alexander Ball

Sir Alexander John Ball, 1st Baronet (Alessandro Giovanni Ball, 1757 – 20 October 1809) was a British Admiral and Civil Commissioner of Malta.

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Alexander Cambridge, 1st Earl of Athlone

Alexander Cambridge, 1st Earl of Athlone (Alexander Augustus Frederick William Alfred George; born Prince Alexander of Teck; 14 April 1874 – 16 January 1957), was a British Army commander and major-general who served as the fourth Governor-General of the Union of South Africa and as Governor General of Canada, the 16th since the Canadian Confederation.

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Alexander Henry the elder

Alexander Henry 'The Elder' (August 1739 – 4 April 1824) was one of the leading pioneers of the British-Canadian fur trade following the British Conquest of New France; a partner in the North West Company, and a founding member and vice-chairman of the Beaver Club.

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Alexander I of Yugoslavia

Alexander I (– 9 October 1934), also known as Alexander the Unifier, served as a prince regent of the Kingdom of Serbia from 1914 and later became King of Yugoslavia from 1921 to 1934 (prior to 1929 the state was known as the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes).

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Alexandra David-Néel

Alexandra David-Néel (born Louise Eugénie Alexandrine Marie David; 24 October 1868 – 8 September 1969) was a Belgian–French explorer, spiritualist, Buddhist, anarchist and writer.

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Alexandra of Yugoslavia

Alexandra of Greece and Denmark (Αλεξάνδρα, Александра/Aleksandra; 25 March 1921 – 30 January 1993) was, by marriage to King Peter II, the last Queen of Yugoslavia.

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Alexandre Cabanel

Alexandre Cabanel (28 September 1823, Montpellier – 23 January 1889) was a French painter.

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Alexandre de Marenches

Count Alexandre de Marenches (June 7, 1921, Paris - June 2, 1995) was a French military officer, former director of the SDECE French external intelligence services (6 November 1970 - 12 June 1981), special advisor to U.S. President Ronald Reagan and a member of the Academy of Morocco.

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Alexandre de Prouville de Tracy

Marquis Alexandre de Prouville de Tracy (c. 1596 or 1603–1670) was a French aristocrat, statesman, and military leader.

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Alexandre Dumas

Alexandre Dumas (born Dumas Davy de la Pailleterie; 24 July 1802 – 5 December 1870), also known as Alexandre Dumas, père ("father"), was a French writer.

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Alexandre Hardy

Alexandre Hardy (c. 1570/1572 – 1632) was a French dramatist, one of the most prolific of all time.

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Alexandre Pétion

Alexandre Sabès Pétion (April 2, 1770 – March 29, 1818) was the first President of the Republic of Haiti from 1807 until his death in 1818.

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Alexandre Schaumasse

Alexandre Schaumasse (1882–1958) was a French astronomer and discoverer of comets and minor planets.

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Alexandre-Théodore-Victor, comte de Lameth

Alexandre-Théodore-Victor, comte de Lameth (20 October 176018 March 1829) was a French soldier and politician.

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Alexandria

Alexandria (or; Arabic: الإسكندرية; Egyptian Arabic: إسكندرية; Ⲁⲗⲉⲝⲁⲛⲇⲣⲓⲁ; Ⲣⲁⲕⲟⲧⲉ) is the second-largest city in Egypt and a major economic centre, extending about along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea in the north central part of the country.

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Alexandru Averescu

Alexandru Averescu (3 April 1859 – 2 October 1938) was a Romanian marshal and populist politician.

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Alexey Bestuzhev-Ryumin

Count Alexey Petrovich Bestuzhev-Ryumin (Алексе́й Петро́вич Бесту́жев-Рю́мин) (1 June 1693 – 21 April 1768), Chancellor of the Russian Empire, was one of the most influential and successful European diplomats of the 18th century.

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Alexia (Italian singer)

Alexia (born Alessia Aquilani, 19 May 1967) is an Italian singer.

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Alexis Carrel

Alexis Carrel (28 June 1873 – 5 November 1944) was a French surgeon and biologist who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1912 for pioneering vascular suturing techniques.

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Alexis Thérèse Petit

Alexis Thérèse Petit (2 October 1791, Vesoul, Haute-Saône – 21 June 1820, Paris) was a French physicist.

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Alfa-class submarine

The Soviet Union/Russian Navy Project 705 (Лира/Lira, "Lyre") was a class of hunter/killer nuclear-powered submarines.

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Alfonso XII of Spain

Alfonso XII (Alfonso Francisco de Asís Fernando Pío Juan María de la Concepción Gregorio Pelayo; 28 November 185725 November 1885) was King of Spain, reigning from 1874 to 1885, after a revolution deposed his mother Isabella II from the throne in 1868, Alfonso studied in Austria and France.

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Alfonso XIII of Spain

Alfonso XIII (Spanish: Alfonso León Fernando María Jaime Isidro Pascual Antonio de Borbón y Habsburgo-Lorena; 17 May 1886 – 28 February 1941) was King of Spain from 1886 until the proclamation of the Second Republic in 1931.

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Alfred Charles Auguste Foucher

Alfred Charles Auguste Foucher (1865–1952), a French scholar, identified the Buddha image as having Greek origins.

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Alfred Cooper

Sir Alfred Cooper (28 January 1838 – 3 March 1908) was a fashionable English surgeon and clubman of the late 19th century whose patients included Edward, Prince of Wales.

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Alfred Des Cloizeaux

Alfred Louis Olivier Legrand Des Cloizeaux (17 October 18176 May 1897) was a French mineralogist.

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Alfred Kastler

Alfred Kastler (3 May 1902 – 7 January 1984) was a French physicist, and Nobel Prize laureate.

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Alfred Korzybski

Alfred Habdank Skarbek Korzybski (July 3, 1879 – March 1, 1950) was a Polish-American independent scholar who developed a field called general semantics, which he viewed as both distinct from, and more encompassing than, the field of semantics.

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Alfred Loisy

Alfred Firmin Loisy (28 February 1857, Ambrières, Marne1 June 1940, Ceffonds, Haute-Marne) was a French Roman Catholic priest, professor and theologian generally credited as a founder of Biblical Modernism in the Roman Catholic Church.

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Alfred Nobel

Alfred Bernhard Nobel (21 October 1833 – 10 December 1896) was a Swedish chemist, engineer, inventor, businessman, and philanthropist.

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Alfredo Binda

Alfredo Binda (11 August 1902 – 19 July 1986) was an Italian cyclist of the 1920s and 1930s.

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Alfredo Stroessner

Alfredo Stroessner Matiauda (November 3, 1912 – August 16, 2006) was a Paraguayan military officer who served as President of Paraguay from 1954 to 1989.

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Algarve

The Algarve (from الغرب "the west") is the southernmost region of continental Portugal.

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Algea

Algea is a Norwegian multinational company operating in the chemical industry and manufacturing seaweed-based fertilizer ingredients.

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Algeciras Conference

The Algeciras Conference of 1906 took place in Algeciras, Spain, and lasted from 16 January to 7 April.

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Algeria

Algeria (الجزائر, familary Algerian Arabic الدزاير; ⴷⵣⴰⵢⴻⵔ; Dzayer; Algérie), officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a sovereign state in North Africa on the Mediterranean coast.

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Algerian People's National Armed Forces

The Algerian People’s National Armed Forces (Armée nationale populaire) is the armed forces of the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria.

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Algerian War

No description.

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Algernon Percy, 10th Earl of Northumberland

Algernon Percy, 10th Earl of Northumberland, 4th Baron Percy, KG (29 September 1602 – 13 October 1668) was an English military leader and a prominent supporter of the Parliamentary cause in the English Civil War.

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Algiers

Algiers (الجزائر al-Jazā’er, ⴷⵣⴰⵢⴻ, Alger) is the capital and largest city of Algeria.

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Algiers, New Orleans

Algiers is the second oldest neighborhood in New Orleans and the only Orleans Parish community located on the West Bank of the Mississippi River.

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Algonquin people

The Algonquins are indigenous inhabitants of North America who speak the Algonquin language, a divergent dialect of the Ojibwe language, which is part of the Algonquian language family.

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Alhucemas Islands

The Alhucemas Islands is a group of islands and one of the Spanish plazas de soberanía just off the Moroccan coast in the Alboran Sea.

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Ali Kafi

Ali Hussain Kafi (علي حسين كافي; ALA-LC: ʿAlī Ḥusain Kāfī; 7 October 1928 – 16 April 2013) was an Algerian politician who was Chairman of the High Council of State and acting President from 1992 to 1994.

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Ali Kelmendi

Ali Kelmendi (3 November 1900 in İpek, now Pejë, Kosovo Vilayet, Ottoman Empire – 11 February 1939 in France), Hero of Albania under the communist government, was a Kosovar Albanian communist, an organizer of the communist movement in Albania.

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Alicante Bouschet

Alicante Bouschet or Alicante Henri Bouschet is a wine grape variety that has been widely cultivated since 1866.

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Alice B. Toklas

Alice Babette Toklas (April 30, 1877 – March 7, 1967) was an American-born member of the Parisian avant-garde of the early 20th century, and the life partner of American writer Gertrude Stein.

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Alice Herz

Alice Herz (May 25, 1882 – March 16, 1965) was longtime Quaker peace activist who was the first activist in the United States known to have immolated herself in protest of the escalating Vietnam War, following the example of Buddhist monk Thích Quảng Đức who immolated himself in protest of the oppression of Buddhists under the South Vietnamese government.

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Alice Miller (psychologist)

Alice Miller, born as Alicija Englard (12 January 1923 – 14 April 2010), was a Swiss psychologist, psychoanalyst and philosopher of Polish-Jewish origin, who is noted for her books on parental child abuse, translated into several languages.

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Alinghi

Alinghi is the syndicate set up by Ernesto Bertarelli, racing under the colors of the Société Nautique de Genève, to challenge for the America's Cup, as well as other competitions.

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Alingsås Municipality

Alingsås Municipality (Alingsås kommun) is a municipality in Västra Götaland County in western Sweden.

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Alizarin

Alizarin or 1,2-dihydroxyanthraquinone (also known as Mordant Red 11 and Turkey Red) is an organic compound with formula that has been used throughout history as a prominent red dye, principally for dyeing textile fabrics.

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Alkmaar

Alkmaar is a city and municipality in the Netherlands, located in the province of North Holland.

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All Along

All Along (7 April 1979 – 23 February 2005) was a champion Thoroughbred racemare that was foaled in France.

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All That You Can't Leave Behind

All That You Can't Leave Behind is the 10th studio album by Irish rock band U2.

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Allaire (surname)

Allaire is a surname of French origin, mainly found in Northern France, Jersey, and Quebec.

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Allan Wells

Allan Wipper Wells MBE (born 3 May 1952) is a former British track and field sprinter who became the 100 metres Olympic champion at the 1980 Summer Olympics in Moscow.

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Allegheny River

The Allegheny River is a principal tributary of the Ohio River; it is located in the Eastern United States.

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Allemande

An allemande (allemanda, almain(e), or alman(d), French: "German (dance)") is a renaissance and baroque dance, and one of the most popular instrumental dance styles in baroque music, with notable examples by Couperin, Purcell, Bach and Handel.

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Allhallowtide

Allhallowtide, Hallowtide, Allsaintstide, or the Hallowmas season, is the triduum encompassing the Western Christian observances of All Saints' Eve (Halloween), All Saints' Day (All Hallows') and All Souls' Day, which last from 31 October to 2 November annually.

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Alliance Healthcare

Alliance Healthcare, formerly Alliance UniChem, wholesales, distributes, and retails pharmaceutical, surgical, medical, and healthcare products throughout Europe.

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Alliaria petiolata

Alliaria petiolata is a biennial flowering plant in the mustard family, Brassicaceae.

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Allosaurus

Allosaurus is a genus of carnivorous theropod dinosaur that lived 155 to 150 million years ago during the late Jurassic period (Kimmeridgian to early TithonianTurner, C.E. and Peterson, F., (1999). "Biostratigraphy of dinosaurs in the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation of the Western Interior, U.S.A." Pp. 77–114 in Gillette, D.D. (ed.), Vertebrate Paleontology in Utah. Utah Geological Survey Miscellaneous Publication 99-1.). The name "Allosaurus" means "different lizard" alluding to its unique concave vertebrae (at the time of its discovery).

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Allotment (gardening)

An allotment garden (British English), often called simply an allotment, or a community garden (North America) is a plot of land made available for individual, non-commercial gardening or growing food plants.

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ALM Antillean Airlines

ALM Antillean Airlines (Antilliaanse Luchtvaart Maatschappij) was the main airline of the Netherlands Antilles between its foundation in 1964 and its shut-down in 2001, operating out of Aruba, Bonaire, and Curaçao.

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Alpe d'Huez

LAlpe d'Huez is a ski resort at.

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Alpes-Maritimes

Alpes-Maritimes (Aups Maritims; Alpi Marittime) is a department of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in the extreme southeast corner of France.

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Alphonse de Lamartine

Alphonse Marie Louis de Prat de Lamartine, Knight of Pratz (21 October 179028 February 1869), was a French writer, poet and politician who was instrumental in the foundation of the Second Republic and the continuation of the Tricolore as the flag of France.

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Alphonse de Polignac

Alphonse de Polignac (1826–1863) was a French mathematician.

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Alphonse Milne-Edwards

Alphonse Milne-Edwards (Paris, 13 October 1835 – Paris, 21 April 1900) was a French mammalologist, ornithologist and carcinologist.

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Alphonse, Count of Poitiers

Alphonse or Alfonso (11 November 122021 August 1271) was the Count of Poitou from 1225 and Count of Toulouse (as Alphonse II) from 1249.

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Alpilles

The Chaîne des Alpilles is a small range of low mountains in Provence, southern France, located about south of Avignon.

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Alps

The Alps (Alpes; Alpen; Alpi; Alps; Alpe) are the highest and most extensive mountain range system that lies entirely in Europe,The Caucasus Mountains are higher, and the Urals longer, but both lie partly in Asia.

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Alsace

Alsace (Alsatian: ’s Elsass; German: Elsass; Alsatia) is a cultural and historical region in eastern France, on the west bank of the upper Rhine next to Germany and Switzerland.

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Alsatian dialect

Alsatian (Alsatian and Elsässerditsch (Alsatian German); Frankish: Elsässerdeitsch; Alsacien; Elsässisch or Elsässerdeutsch) is a Low Alemannic German dialect spoken in most of Alsace, a formerly disputed region in eastern France that has passed between French and German control five times since 1681.

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Alstom Citadis

The Citadis is a family of low-floor trams (streetcars) and light rail vehicles built by Alstom.

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Alton, Illinois

Alton is a city on the Mississippi River in Madison County, Illinois, United States, about north of St. Louis, Missouri.

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Alveringem

Alveringem, West Flemish: Oalveringem, is a municipality located in the Belgian province of West Flanders.

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Alvin York

Alvin Cullum York (December 13, 1887 – September 2, 1964), also known as Sergeant York, was one of the most decorated United States Army soldiers of World War I. He received the Medal of Honor for leading an attack on a German machine gun nest, taking 35 machine guns, killing at least 25 enemy soldiers, and capturing 132.

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Alvinella pompejana

Alvinella pompejana, the Pompeii worm, is a species of deep-sea polychaete worm (commonly referred to as "bristle worms").

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Alzey

Alzey is a Verband-free town – one belonging to no Verbandsgemeinde – in the Alzey-Worms district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

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Amadeus IX, Duke of Savoy

The Blessed Amadeus IX (1 February 1435 – 30 March 1472), nicknamed the Happy, was the Duke of Savoy from 1465 to 1472.

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Amalek

Amalek (عماليق) is a nation described in the Old Testament of the Hebrew Bible.

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Amalric of Bena

Amalric of Bena (Amaury de Bène, Amaury de Chartres; Almaricus, Amalricus, Amauricus; died 1204–1207 AD) was a French theologian and sect leader, after whom the Amalricians are named.

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Amandus

Amandus (584 – 675 AD), commonly called Saint Amand, was a bishop of Tongeren-Maastricht and one of the great Christian missionaries of Flanders.

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Amarna

Amarna (al-ʿamārnah) is an extensive Egyptian archaeological site that represents the remains of the capital city newly established and built by the Pharaoh Akhenaten of the late Eighteenth Dynasty, and abandoned shortly after his death (1332 BC).

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Amarone

Amarone della Valpolicella, usually known as Amarone, is a typically rich Italian dry red wine made from the partially dried grapes of the Corvina (45–95%, of which up to 50% could be substituted with Corvinone), Rondinella (5–30%) and other approved red grape varieties (up to 25%).

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Amayé-sur-Orne

Amayé-sur-Orne is a French commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region of northwestern France.

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Amayé-sur-Seulles

Amayé-sur-Seulles is a commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region of northwestern France.

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Amazon rainforest

The Amazon rainforest (Portuguese: Floresta Amazônica or Amazônia; Selva Amazónica, Amazonía or usually Amazonia; Forêt amazonienne; Amazoneregenwoud), also known in English as Amazonia or the Amazon Jungle, is a moist broadleaf forest in the Amazon biome that covers most of the Amazon basin of South America.

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Ambassador

An ambassador is an official envoy, especially a high-ranking diplomat who represents a state and is usually accredited to another sovereign state or to an international organization as the resident representative of their own government or sovereign or appointed for a special and often temporary diplomatic assignment.

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Ambassadors of the United States

The diplomats serving as ambassadors of the United States of America to individual nations of the world, to international organizations, and ambassadors-at-large change regularly for various reasons, such as reassignment or retirement.

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AMBER Alert

An AMBER Alert or a Child Abduction Emergency (SAME code: CAE) is a child abduction alert system.

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Amblie

Amblie is a former commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region of northwestern France.

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Amblygonite

Amblygonite is a fluorophosphate mineral, (Li,Na)AlPO4(F,OH), composed of lithium, sodium, aluminium, phosphate, fluoride and hydroxide.

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Amboise

Amboise is a commune in the Indre-et-Loire department in central France.

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Ambrogio Spinola

Ambrogio Spinola Doria, 1st Marquess of The Balbases, GE, KOGF, KOS (Genoa, 1569Castelnuovo Scrivia, 25 September 1630) was a Genoese general who served for the Spanish crown and won a number of important battles.

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Ambrussum

Ambrussum is a Roman archaeological site in Villetelle, Hérault département, in southern France.

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America America

America America (British title The Anatolian Smile—a reference to an ongoing acknowledgment of the character Stavros' captivating smile) is a 1963 American dramatic film directed, produced and written by Elia Kazan, adapted from his own book, published in 1962.

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American (word)

The meaning of the word American in the English language varies according to the historical, geographical, and political context in which it is used.

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American Airlines Flight 587

American Airlines Flight 587 was a regularly scheduled international passenger flight from New York's John F. Kennedy International Airport to Las Américas International Airport in Santo Domingo, capital of the Dominican Republic.

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American Dream

The American Dream is a national ethos of the United States, the set of ideals (democracy, rights, liberty, opportunity and equality) in which freedom includes the opportunity for prosperity and success, as well as an upward social mobility for the family and children, achieved through hard work in a society with few barriers.

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American Empire style

American Empire is a French-inspired Neoclassical style of American furniture and decoration that takes its name and originates from the Empire style introduced during the First French Empire period under Napoleon's rule.

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American Expeditionary Forces

The American Expeditionary Forces (A. E. F., A.E.F. or AEF) was a formation of the United States Army on the Western Front of World War I. The AEF was established on July 5, 1917, in France under the command of Gen.

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American Forces Network

The American Forces Network (AFN) is the broadcast service operated by the United States Armed Forces' American Forces Radio and Television Service (AFRTS, commonly pronounced "A-farts") for its entertainment and command internal information networks worldwide.

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American Impressionism

American Impressionism was a style of painting related to European Impressionism and practiced by American artists in the United States during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

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American Legion

The American Legion is a U.S. war veterans organization headquartered in Indianapolis, Indiana.

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American Museum of Natural History

The American Museum of Natural History (abbreviated as AMNH), located on the Upper West Side of Manhattan, New York City, is one of the largest museums in the world.

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American Radio Relay League

The American Radio Relay League (ARRL) is the largest membership association of amateur radio enthusiasts in the USA.

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American School (economics)

The American School, also known as the National System, represents three different yet related constructs in politics, policy and philosophy.

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American shot

"American shot" is a translation of a phrase from French film criticism, "plan américain" and refers to a medium-long ("knee") film shot of a group of characters, who are arranged so that all are visible to the camera.

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American Society of Civil Engineers

The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) is a tax-exempt professional body founded in 1852 to represent members of the civil engineering profession worldwide.

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American system of manufacturing

The American system of manufacturing was a set of manufacturing methods that evolved in the 19th century.

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Americas

The Americas (also collectively called America)"America." The Oxford Companion to the English Language.

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Amfreville, Calvados

Amfreville is a French commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region of north-western France.

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Amikeca Reto

Amikeca Reto (Friendship Network) was a directory of Esperanto-speakers around the world who wished to work together and exchange ideas.

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Amin al-Husseini

Mohammed Amin al-Husseini (محمد أمين الحسيني; 1897 – 4 July 1974) was a Palestinian Arab nationalist and Muslim leader in Mandatory Palestine.

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Amin Maalouf

Amin Maalouf (أمين معلوف; born 25 February 1949) is an award-winning Lebanese-born French, Modern Arab writers.

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Amine Gemayel

Amine Pierre Gemayel (أمين بيار الجميٌل; born 22 January 1942) is a Lebanese politician who was President of Lebanon from 1982 to 1988 and was the leader of Kataeb Party.

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Amiot 143

The Amiot 143M was a late 1930s French medium bomber designed to meet 1928 specifications for a bomber capable of day/night bombing, long-range reconnaissance and bomber escort.

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Amityville, New York

Amityville is a village in the town of Babylon in Suffolk County, New York, in the United States.

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Amnesiac (album)

Amnesiac is the fifth studio album by the English rock band Radiohead, released in June 2001 by Parlophone.

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Amoco

Amoco Corporation, originally Standard Oil Company (Indiana), is a global chemical and oil company that was founded in 1889 around a refinery located in Whiting, Indiana, United States.

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Amos Meller

Amos Meller (1938-January 23, 2007) is best remembered as an Israeli composer and conductor.

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Amphibious vehicle

An amphibious vehicle (or simply amphibian), is a vehicle that is a means of transport, viable on land as well as on (or under) water.

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Amusement park

An amusement park is a park that features various attractions, such as rides and games, as well as other events for entertainment purposes.

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AMX Leclerc

The Char Leclerc is a main battle tank (MBT) built by GIAT, now Nexter of France.

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AMX-13

The AMX-13 is a French light tank produced from 1952 to 1987.

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Anaïs Lameche

Anaïs Helena Lameche Bonnier (née Kretz Lameche) (born 19 August 1987 in French Alps, France) is a former Swedish pop singer and original member of the Swedish pop group Play.

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Anaïs Nin

Angela Anaïs Juana Antolina Rosa Edelmira Nin y Culmell (February 21, 1903 – January 14, 1977), known professionally as Anaïs Nin, was a French-American diarist, essayist, novelist, and writer of short stories and erotica.

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Anatoliy Zlenko

Anatoly Maksimovich Zlenko (born June 2, 1938) is a Ukrainian diplomat.

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Anatoly Lunacharsky

Anatoly Vasilyevich Lunacharsky, – 26 December 1933) was a Russian Marxist revolutionary and the first Bolshevik Soviet People's Commissar ("Narkompros"), responsible for Ministry and Education, as well as active playwright, critic, essayist, and journalist throughout his career.

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Ancient history

Ancient history is the aggregate of past events, "History" from the beginning of recorded human history and extending as far as the Early Middle Ages or the post-classical history.

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Ancient Mystical Order Rosae Crucis

The Ancient and Mystical Order Rosæ Crucis (AMORC), also known as the Rosicrucian Order, is the largest Rosicrucian organization in the world.

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Ancient Roman architecture

Ancient Roman architecture adopted the external language of classical Greek architecture for the purposes of the ancient Romans, but differed from Greek buildings, becoming a new architectural style.

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Ancient Rome

In historiography, ancient Rome is Roman civilization from the founding of the city of Rome in the 8th century BC to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD, encompassing the Roman Kingdom, Roman Republic and Roman Empire until the fall of the western empire.

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Anctoville

Anctoville is a former commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region of north-western France.

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Ancylopoda

Ancylopoda is a group of browsing, herbivorous, mammals in the Perissodactyla that show long, curved and cleft claws.

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And God Created Woman (1956 film)

And God Created Woman (Et Dieu… créa la femme) (1956) is a French drama film directed by Roger Vadim and starring Brigitte Bardot.

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Andorra

Andorra, officially the Principality of Andorra (Principat d'Andorra), also called the Principality of the Valleys of Andorra (Principat de les Valls d'Andorra), is a sovereign landlocked microstate on the Iberian Peninsula, in the eastern Pyrenees, bordered by France in the north and Spain in the south.

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Andorra la Vella

Andorra la Vella (Andorra la Vieja, Andorre-la-Vieille) is the capital of the Principality of Andorra.

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Andouille

Andouille (from Latin, meaning 'made by insertion') is a smoked sausage made using pork, originating in France.

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Andover, New Hampshire

Andover is a town in Merrimack County, New Hampshire, United States.

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Andranik Margaryan

Andranik Nahapeti Margaryan (Անդրանիկ Նահապետի Մարգարյան, alternative spelling: Andranik Margarian) (12 June 1949 – 25 March 2007) served as the Prime Minister of Armenia from 12 May 2000, when the President appointed him, until his death on 25 March 2007.

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André Bazin

André Bazin (18 April 1918 – 11 November 1958) was a renowned and influential French film critic and film theorist.

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André Caplet

André Caplet (23 November 1878 – 22 April 1925) was a French composer and conductor now known primarily through his orchestrations of works by Claude Debussy.

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André Claveau

André Claveau (17 December 1911 – 4 July 2003) was a popular singer in France from the 1940s to the 1960s.

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André Dacier

André Dacier (6 April 165118 September 1722), Latin Andreas Dacerius, was a French classical scholar and editor of texts.

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André Franquin

André Franquin (3 January 1924 – 5 January 1997) was an influential Belgian comics artist, whose best known creations are Gaston and Marsupilami.

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André Kolingba

André-Dieudonné Kolingba (12 August 1936 – 7 February 2010) was a Central African politician, who was the fourth president of the Central African Republic (CAR), from 1 September 1981 until 1 October 1993.

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André Masson

André-Aimé-René Masson (4 January 1896 – 28 October 1987) was a French artist.

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André Michaux

André Michaux, also styled Andrew Michaud, (8 March 174613 November 1802) was a French botanist and explorer.

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André Morellet

André Morellet (7 March 172712 January 1819) was a French economist writer and contributor to the Encyclopédie ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers.

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André Patry

André Patry (22 November 1902 – 20 June 1960) was a French astronomer and discoverer of 9 minor planets in the late 1930s.

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André Sainte-Laguë

André Sainte-Laguë (20 April 1882 – 18 January 1950) was a French mathematician who was a pioneer in the area of graph theory.

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André-Hercule de Fleury

André-Hercule de Fleury, Bishop of Fréjus, Archbishop of Aix (22 June or 26 June 165329 January 1743) was a French cardinal who served as the chief minister of Louis XV.

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André-Louis Danjon

André-Louis Danjon (6 April 1890 – 21 April 1967) was a French astronomer born in Caen to Louis Dominique Danjon and Marie Justine Binet.

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André-Louis Debierne

André-Louis Debierne (14 July 1874 – 31 August 1949) was a French chemist and is considered the discoverer of the element actinium.

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Andrée Borrel

Andrée Raymonde Borrel (18 November 1919 – 6 July 1944) was a French heroine of World War II who served in the French Resistance and Britain's Special Operations Executive.

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Andrea Zanzotto

Andrea Zanzotto (10 October 1921 – 18 October 2011) was an Italian poet.

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Andrei Tarkovsky

Andrei Arsenyevich Tarkovsky (p; 4 April 1932 – 29 December 1986) was a Russian filmmaker, writer, film editor, film theorist, theatre and opera director.

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Andrew Cunningham, 1st Viscount Cunningham of Hyndhope

Admiral of the Fleet Andrew Browne Cunningham, 1st Viscount Cunningham of Hyndhope, (7 January 1883 – 12 June 1963) was a senior officer of the British Royal Navy during the Second World War.

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Andrew Fisher

Andrew Fisher (29 August 186222 October 1928) was an Australian politician who served three separate terms as Prime Minister of Australia – from 1908 to 1909, from 1910 to 1913, and from 1914 to 1915.

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Andrew McNaughton

General Andrew George Latta McNaughton (25 February 1887 – 11 July 1966) was a Canadian electrical engineer, scientist, army officer, cabinet minister, diplomat and President of the UN Security Council.

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Andrew Sterett

Andrew Sterett (January 27, 1778 – June 9, 1807) was an officer in the United States Navy during the nation's early days.

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Andrey Osterman

Count Andrey Ivanovich Osterman (Андрей Иванович Остерман) (9 June 1686 31 May 1747) was a German-born Russian statesman who came to prominence under Tsar Peter I of Russia (Peter the Great) and served until the accession of the Tsesarevna Elizabeth.

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Aneto

Aneto is the highest mountain in the Pyrenees and in Aragon, and Spain's third-highest mountain, reaching a height of.

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Angénieux retrofocus

The Angénieux retrofocus photographic lens is a wide-angle lens design that uses an inverted telephoto configuration.

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Angel Dust (Faith No More album)

Angel Dust is the fourth studio album by American rock band Faith No More.

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Angel Island (California)

Angel Island is an island in San Francisco Bay offering expansive 360° views of the San Francisco skyline, the Marin County Headlands and Mount Tamalpais.

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Angerville, Calvados

Angerville is a commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region of northwestern France.

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Anglicism

An Anglicism is a word or construction borrowed from English into another language.

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Anglo-Dutch Wars

The Anglo-Dutch wars (Engels–Nederlandse Oorlogen or Engelse Zeeoorlogen) were a series of conflicts fought, on one side, by the Dutch States (the Dutch Republic, later the Batavian Republic) and, on the other side, first by England and later by the Kingdom of Great Britain/the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.

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Anglo-Egyptian treaty of 1936

The Anglo-Egyptian Treaty of 1936 (officially, The Treaty of Alliance Between His Majesty, in Respect of the United Kingdom, and His Majesty, the King of Egypt) was a treaty signed between the United Kingdom and the Kingdom of Egypt.

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Anglo-French

Anglo-French is a term used in contexts involving France and the United Kingdom (UK).

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Anglo-Portuguese Alliance

The Anglo-Portuguese Alliance (or Aliança Luso-Britânica, "Luso-British Alliance", also known in Portugal as Aliança Inglesa, "English Alliance"), ratified at the Treaty of Windsor in 1386, between England (succeeded by the United Kingdom) and Portugal, is the oldest alliance in the world that is still in force – with the earliest treaty dating back to the Anglo-Portuguese Treaty of 1373.

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Anglophobia

Anti-English sentiment or Anglophobia (from Latin Anglus "English" and Greek φόβος, phobos, "fear") means opposition to, dislike of, fear of, or hatred towards England or the English people.

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Angora goat

The Angora goat is a breed of domesticated goat, historically known as Angora.

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Angoulême

Angoulême (Poitevin-Saintongeais: Engoulaeme; Engoleime) is a commune, the capital of the Charente department, in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region of southwestern France.

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Angoville, Calvados

Angoville is a French commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region of north-western France.

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Anguerny

Anguerny is a former commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region of northwestern France.

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Aniello Falcone

Aniello Falcone (15 November 16001656) was an Italian Baroque painter, active in Naples and noted for his painted depictions of battle scenes.

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Animals in space

Non-human animals in space originally served to test the survivability of spaceflight, before human spaceflights were attempted.

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Anisy

Anisy is a French commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region of north-western France.

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Anjouan

Anjouan (also known as Ndzuwani or Nzwani, and historically as Johanna or Hinzuan) is an autonomous island in the Indian Ocean that forms part of the Union of the Comoros.

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Ann Coulter

Ann Hart Coulter (born December 8, 1961) is an American conservative social and political commentator, writer, syndicated columnist, and lawyer.

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Anna and the King of Siam (film)

Anna and the King of Siam is a 1946 drama film directed by John Cromwell.

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Anna Held

Helene Anna Held (19 March 1872 – 12 August 1918), known professionally as Anna Held, was a Polish-born French and later Broadway stage performer and singer, most often associated with impresario Florenz Ziegfeld, her common-law husband.

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Anna Karenina

Anna Karenina (p) is a novel by the Russian writer Leo Tolstoy, published in serial installments from 1873 to 1877 in the periodical The Russian Messenger. Tolstoy clashed with editor Mikhail Katkov over political issues that arose in the final installment (Tolstoy's negative views of Russian volunteers going to fight in Serbia); therefore, the novel's first complete appearance was in book form in 1878.

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Anna Neagle

Dame Florence Marjorie Wilcox, (née Robertson; 20 October 1904 – 3 June 1986), known professionally as Anna Neagle, was a popular English stage and film actress, singer and dancer.

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Annay, Pas-de-Calais

Annay (also referred to as Annay-sous-Lens) is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region of France.

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Anne Claude de Caylus

Anne Claude de Tubières-Grimoard de Pestels de Lévis, comte de Caylus, marquis d'Esternay, baron de Bransac (Anne Claude Philippe; October 31, 1692September 5, 1765), French antiquarian, proto-archaeologist and man of letters, was born in Paris.

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Anne de Montmorency

Anne, Duke of Montmorency, Honorary Knight of the Garter (15 March 1493, Chantilly, Oise12 November 1567, Paris) was a French soldier, statesman and diplomat.

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Anne de Xainctonge

Venerable Anne de Xainctonge (21 November 1567, Dijon – 8 June 1621, Dole) was the founder of the Society of the Sisters of Saint Ursula of the Blessed Virgin, the first non-cloistered women's religious community.

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Anne Geneviève de Bourbon

Anne Geneviève de Bourbon (28 August 16195 April 1679) was a French princess who is remembered for her beauty and amours, her influence during the civil wars of the Fronde, and her final conversion to Jansenism.

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Anne of Kiev

Anne of Kiev (c. 1030 – 1075), Anna Yaroslavna, Anna of Rus also called Agnes, in France known initially as Anne de Russie or Agnes de Russie, was the queen consort of Henry I of France, and regent of France during the minority of her son, Philip I of France, from 1060 until 1065.

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Anne Parillaud

Anne Parillaud (born 6 May 1960) is a French actress, who has appeared in 30 films since 1977.

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Anne Robinson

Anne Josephine Robinson (born 26 September 1944) is an English television presenter and journalist, known for her acerbic style of presenting.

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Anne-Louis Girodet de Roussy-Trioson

Anne-Louis Girodet de Roussy (or de Roucy), also known as Anne-Louis Girodet-Trioson (29 January 17679 December 1824),Long, George.

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Annebault

Annebault is a commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region in northwestern France.

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Annecy

Annecy (Arpitan: Èneci or Ènneci) is the largest city of Haute-Savoie department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in southeastern France.

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Annemasse

Annemasse is a commune in the Haute-Savoie department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in eastern France.

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Anneux

Anneux is a commune in the Nord department in northern France.

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Anni-Frid Lyngstad

Anni-Frid Synni, Dowager Princess Reuss of Plauen (née Lyngstad, born 15 November 1945) is a Norwegian-born Swedish singer, songwriter, and environmentalist.

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Annonay

Annonay (Anonai) is a French commune in the north of the Ardèche department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of southern France.

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Annual Meetings of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank Group

The IMF and World Bank meet each autumn in what is officially known as the Annual Meetings of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank Group and each spring in the Spring Meetings of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank Group.

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Annulment

Annulment is a legal procedure within secular and religious legal systems for declaring a marriage null and void.

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Anomie

Anomie is a "condition in which society provides little moral guidance to individuals".

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Ansei Purge

was a multi-year event in Japanese history of the Edo period.

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Anselm of Laon

Anselm of Laon (Anselmus; 1117), properly Ansel (Ansellus), was a French theologian and founder of a school of scholars who helped to pioneer biblical hermeneutics.

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Anselme Payen

Anselme Payen (6 January 1795 – 13 May 1871) was a French chemist known for discovering the enzyme diastase, and the carbohydrate cellulose.

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Anseranatidae

Anseranatidae, the magpie-geese, is a biological family of waterbirds.

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Ansonia, Connecticut

Ansonia is a city in New Haven County, Connecticut, United States, on the Naugatuck River, immediately north of Derby, and about northwest of New Haven.

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Antarctic Peninsula

The Antarctic Peninsula is the northernmost part of the mainland of Antarctica, located at the base of the Southern Hemisphere.

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Antarctic Treaty System

The Antarctic Treaty and related agreements, collectively known as the Antarctic Treaty System (ATS), regulate international relations with respect to Antarctica, Earth's only continent without a native human population.

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Ante Gotovina

Ante Gotovina (born 12 October 1955) is a Croatian retired lieutenant general and former French senior corporal who served in the Croatian War for Independence.

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Anthony Fokker

Anton Herman Gerard "Anthony" Fokker (6 April 1890 – 23 December 1939) was a Dutch aviation pioneer and aircraft manufacturer.

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Anthony van Dyck

Sir Anthony van Dyck (many variant spellings; 22 March 1599 – 9 December 1641) was a Flemish Baroque artist who became the leading court painter in England, after enjoying great success in Italy and the Southern Netherlands.

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Anthrax

Anthrax is an infection caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis.

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Anthroposophy

Anthroposophy is the philosophy founded by Rudolf Steiner that postulates the existence of an objective, intellectually comprehensible spiritual world, accessible to human experience through inner development.

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Anti-French sentiment in the United States

Anti-French sentiment in the United States is the manifestation of Francophobia by Americans.

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Antigua and Barbuda

Antigua and Barbuda is a sovereign state in the West Indies in the Americas, lying between the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean.

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Antilles

The Antilles (Antilles in French; Antillas in Spanish; Antillen in Dutch and Antilhas in Portuguese) is an archipelago bordered by the Caribbean Sea to the south and west, the Gulf of Mexico to the northwest, and the Atlantic Ocean to the north and east.

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Antimicrobial resistance

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR or AR) is the ability of a microbe to resist the effects of medication that once could successfully treat the microbe.

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Antipodes

In geography, the antipode of any spot on Earth is the point on Earth's surface diametrically opposite to it; the antipodes of a region similarly represent the area opposite it.

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Antipope

An antipope (antipapa) is a person who, in opposition to the one who is generally seen as the legitimately elected Pope, makes a significantly accepted competing claim to be the Pope, the Bishop of Rome and leader of the Catholic Church.

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Antiquarian

An antiquarian or antiquary (from the Latin: antiquarius, meaning pertaining to ancient times) is an aficionado or student of antiquities or things of the past.

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Antisemitism

Antisemitism (also spelled anti-Semitism or anti-semitism) is hostility to, prejudice, or discrimination against Jews.

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Antoine Alexandre Barbier

Antoine Alexandre Barbier (11 January 1765 – 5 December 1825) was a French librarian and bibliographer.

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Antoine Arnauld

Antoine Arnauld (6 February 16128 August 1694) was a French Roman Catholic theologian, philosopher and mathematician.

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Antoine Bibesco

Prince Antoine Bibesco (Prinţul Anton Bibescu; July 19, 1878 – September 2, 1951) was a Romanian aristocrat, lawyer, diplomat and writer.

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Antoine Chanzy

Antoine Eugène Alfred Chanzy (18 March 18234 January 1883) was a French general, notable for his successes during the Franco-Prussian War and as a governor of Algeria.

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Antoine de Jussieu

Antoine de Jussieu (6 July 168622 April 1758) was a French naturalist.

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Antoine Destutt de Tracy

Antoine Louis Claude Destutt, comte de Tracy (20 July 17549 March 1836) was a French Enlightenment aristocrat and philosopher who coined the term "ideology".

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Antoine Girard de Saint-Amant

Antoine Girard, sieur de Saint-Amant (September 30, 1594December 29, 1661), French poet, was born near Rouen.

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Antoine Isaac Silvestre de Sacy

Antoine Isaac, Baron Silvestre de Sacy (21 September 175821 February 1838), was a French nobleman, linguist and orientalist.

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Antoine Jacques Claude Joseph, comte Boulay de la Meurthe

Antoine Jacques Claude Joseph, comte Boulay de la Meurthe (19 February 17614 February 1840), was a French politician and magistrate.

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Antoine Laurent de Jussieu

Antoine Laurent de Jussieu (12 April 1748 – 17 September 1836) was a French botanist, notable as the first to publish a natural classification of flowering plants; much of his system remains in use today.

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Antoine Nompar de Caumont

Antoine Nompar de Caumont, duc de Lauzun (1632November 19, 1723) was a French courtier and soldier.

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Antoine of Navarre

Antoine (in English, Anthony; 22 April 1518 – 17 November 1562) was the King of Navarre through his marriage (jure uxoris) to Queen Jeanne III, from 1555 until his death.

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Antoine Pinay

Antoine Pinay (30 December 1891 – 13 December 1994) was a French conservative politician.

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Antoine Quentin Fouquier-Tinville

Antoine Quentin Fouquier de Tinville (10 June 17467 May 1795) was a French prosecutor during the Revolution and Reign of Terror periods.

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Antoine-Henri Jomini

Antoine-Henri, Baron Jomini (6 March 177924 March 1869) was a Swiss officer who served as a general in the French and later in the Russian service, and one of the most celebrated writers on the Napoleonic art of war.

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Antoine-Marin Lemierre

Antoine-Marin Lemierre (12 January 17334 July 1793) was a French dramatist and poet.

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Antoing

Antoing is a Walloon municipality of Belgium located in the province of Hainaut.

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Anton Reinhard Falck

Anton Reinhard Falck (19 March 1777 in Utrecht16 March 1843 in Brussels) was a Dutch statesman.

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Antoni Kępiński

Antoni Ignacy Tadeusz Kępiński (November 16, 1918 – June 8, 1972) was a Polish psychiatrist and philosopher.

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Antonio Guzmán Blanco

Antonio José Ramón de La Trinidad y María Guzmán Blanco (28 February 1829 – 28 July 1899) was a Venezuelan military leader, statesman, diplomat and politician.

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Antonio Machado

Antonio Machado, in full Antonio Cipriano José María y Francisco de Santa Ana Machado y Ruiz (26 July 1875 – 22 February 1939), was a Spanish poet and one of the leading figures of the Spanish literary movement known as the Generation of '98.

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Antony Gormley

Sir Antony Mark David Gormley, (born 30 August 1950) is a British sculptor.

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Antsiranana

Antsiranana (Antsiran̈ana), named Diego-Suarez prior to 1975, is a city in the far north of Madagascar.

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Anzin

Anzin is a commune in the Nord department in northern France.

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Aosta

Aosta (Aoste; Aoûta; Augusta Praetoria Salassorum; Augschtal; Osta) is the principal city of Aosta Valley, a bilingual region in the Italian Alps, north-northwest of Turin.

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Aosta Valley

The Aosta Valley (Valle d'Aosta (official) or Val d'Aosta (usual); Vallée d'Aoste (official) or Val d'Aoste (usual); Val d'Outa (usual); Augschtalann or Ougstalland; Val d'Osta) is a mountainous autonomous region in northwestern Italy.

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Aphasiology

Aphasiology is the study of language impairment usually resulting from brain damage, due to neurovascular accident—hemorrhage, stroke—or associated with a variety of neurodegenerative diseases, including different types of dementia.

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APL (programming language)

APL (named after the book A Programming Language) is a programming language developed in the 1960s by Kenneth E. Iverson.

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Apostille Convention

The Hague Convention Abolishing the Requirement of Legalisation for Foreign Public Documents, the Apostille Convention, or the Apostille Treaty, is an international treaty drafted by the Hague Conference on Private International Law.

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Appalachian Mountains

The Appalachian Mountains (les Appalaches), often called the Appalachians, are a system of mountains in eastern North America.

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Appeal of 18 June

The Appeal of 18 June (L'Appel du 18 juin) was a famous speech by Charles de Gaulle, the leader of the Free French Forces, in 1940.

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Apple sauce

Apple sauce or applesauce is a sauce made of apples.

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April Theses

The April Theses (Russian: апрельские тезисы, transliteration) were a series of ten directives issued by the Bolshevik leader Vladimir Lenin upon his return to Petrograd from his exile in Switzerland via Germany and Finland.

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Arab world

The Arab world (العالم العربي; formally: Arab homeland, الوطن العربي), also known as the Arab nation (الأمة العربية) or the Arab states, currently consists of the 22 Arab countries of the Arab League.

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Arabic music

Arabic music or Arab music (Arabic: الموسيقى العربية – ALA-LC) is the music of the Arab people.

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Arabs

Arabs (عَرَب ISO 233, Arabic pronunciation) are a population inhabiting the Arab world.

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Aragon

Aragon (or, Spanish and Aragón, Aragó or) is an autonomous community in Spain, coextensive with the medieval Kingdom of Aragon.

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Araribóia

Araribóia (old spelling: Ararigboya) is the founder of the city of Niterói, in Brazil.

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Arbois

Arbois is a commune in the Jura department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in eastern France.

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Arboretum

An arboretum (plural: arboreta) in a general sense is a botanical collection composed exclusively of trees.

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Arbovirus

Arbovirus is an informal name used to refer to any viruses that are transmitted by arthropod vectors.

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Arcen en Velden

Arcen en Velden (Árse en Velde) is a former town and former municipality in the southeastern Netherlands, now part of the municipality and city of Venlo.

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Arch

An arch is a vertical curved structure that spans an elevated space and may or may not support the weight above it, or in case of a horizontal arch like an arch dam, the hydrostatic pressure against it.

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Arch of Constantine

The Arch of Constantine (Arco di Costantino) is a triumphal arch in Rome, situated between the Colosseum and the Palatine Hill.

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Arch of Titus

The Arch of Titus (Arco di Tito; Arcus Titi) is a 1st-century AD honorific arch, located on the Via Sacra, Rome, just to the south-east of the Roman Forum.

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Archbasilica of St. John Lateran

The Cathedral of the Most Holy Savior and of Saints John the Baptist and the Evangelist in the Lateran, (Santissimo Salvatore e Santi Giovanni Battista ed Evangelista in Laterano) - also known as the Papal Archbasilica of St.

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Archery at the 1900 Summer Olympics

At the 1900 Summer Olympics, seven of the archery events that took place in Paris, France, are considered to be "Olympic" by Olympic historians, with 153 archers competing in them.

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Architecture of Montreal

The architecture of Montreal, Quebec, Canada is characterized by the juxtaposition of the old and the new and a wide variety of architectural styles, the legacy of two successive colonizations by the French, the British, and the close presence of modern architecture to the south.

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Ardennes

The Ardennes (L'Ardenne; Ardennen; L'Årdene; Ardennen; also known as the Ardennes Forest or Forest of Ardennes) is a region of extensive forests, rough terrain, rolling hills and ridges formed by the geological features of the Ardennes mountain range and the Moselle and Meuse River basins.

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Arecaceae

The Arecaceae are a botanical family of perennial trees, climbers, shrubs, and acaules commonly known as palm trees (owing to historical usage, the family is alternatively called Palmae).

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Arganchy

Arganchy is a commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region of northwestern France.

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Argences

Argences is a French commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region of north-western France.

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Argenteuil

Argenteuil is a commune in the northwestern suburbs of Paris, France.

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Argentine Confederation

The Argentine Confederation (Spanish: Confederación Argentina) is one of the official names of Argentina according to the Argentine Constitution, Article 35.

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Argentine Navy

The Navy of the Argentine Republic or Argentine Navy (Armada de la República Argentina — ARA, also Armada Argentina) is the navy of Argentina.

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Argonne National Laboratory

Argonne National Laboratory is a science and engineering research national laboratory operated by the University of Chicago Argonne LLC for the United States Department of Energy located near Lemont, Illinois, outside Chicago.

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Argos

Argos (Modern Greek: Άργος; Ancient Greek: Ἄργος) is a city in Argolis, the Peloponnese, Greece and is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world.

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Argyle, Texas

Argyle is a Town in Denton County, Texas, United States, with a population of 3,282 as of the 2010 census.

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Ari Vatanen

Ari Pieti Uolevi Vatanen (born 27 April 1952) is a Finnish rally driver turned politician and a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) from 1999 to 2009.

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Ariana Afghan Airlines

Ariana Afghan Airlines Co.

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Ariane 1

Ariane 1 was the first rocket in the Ariane family of expendable launch systems.

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Ariane 4

The Ariane 4 was an expendable launch system, designed by the Centre national d'études spatiales while being manufactured and marketed by its subsidiary Arianespace.

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Ariane 5

Ariane 5 is a European heavy-lift launch vehicle that is part of the Ariane rocket family, an expendable launch system used to deliver payloads into geostationary transfer orbit (GTO) or low Earth orbit (LEO).

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Arianespace

Arianespace SA is a multinational company founded in 1980 as the world's first commercial launch service provider.

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Arianna Huffington

Arianna Huffington (née Stasinopoúlou; born Αριάδνη-Άννα Στασινοπούλου, July 15, 1950) is a Greek-American author, syndicated columnist, and businesswoman.

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Ariège (department)

Ariège (Arièja) is a department in the Occitanie region of southwestern France named after the Ariège River.

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Aristide Maillol

Aristide Joseph Bonaventure Maillol (December 8, 1861 – September 27, 1944) was a French sculptor, painter, and printmaker.

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Arkansas

Arkansas is a state in the southeastern region of the United States, home to over 3 million people as of 2017.

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Arkansas Territory

The Territory of Arkansas, initially organized as the Territory of Arkansaw,The name Arkansas has been pronounced and spelled in a variety of fashions.

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Arkhangelsk

Arkhangelsk (p), also known in English as Archangel and Archangelsk, is a city and the administrative center of Arkhangelsk Oblast, in the north of European Russia.

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Arlette Laguiller

Arlette Yvonne Laguiller (born March 18, 1940) is a French Trotskyist politician.

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Arlette Langmann

Arlette Langmann (born 3 April 1946) is a French screenwriter, film editor and production designer.

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Arlington County, Virginia

Arlington County is a county in the Commonwealth of Virginia, often referred to simply as Arlington or Arlington, Virginia.

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Arlon

Arlon (Arel,; Aarlen,; Arel; Årlon) is a Walloon municipality of Belgium located in and capital of the province of Luxembourg.

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Armand Călinescu

Armand Călinescu (4 June 1893 – 21 September 1939) was a Romanian economist and politician, who served as 39th Prime Minister from March 1939 until his assassination six months later.

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Armand David

Father Armand David (7 September 1826, Espelette – 10 November 1900, Paris), also known in common names by the French Père David, was a Lazarist missionary Catholic priest as well as a zoologist and a botanist.

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Armand de Bourbon, Prince of Conti

Armand de Bourbon, Prince of Conti (11 October 162926 February 1666) was a French nobleman, the younger son of Henri II, Prince of Condé and Charlotte Marguerite de Montmorency, daughter of Henri I, Duke of Montmorency.

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Armand Hammer

Armand Hammer (May 21, 1898Armand Hammer, The Untold Story by Steve Weinberg, p. 16 – December 10, 1990) was an American business manager and owner, most closely associated with Occidental Petroleum, a company he ran from 1957 until his death, though he was known as well for his art collection, his philanthropy, and for his close ties to the Soviet Union.

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Armand Marc, comte de Montmorin

Armand Marc, Count of Montmorin de Saint Herem (13 October 17452 September 1792) was a French statesman.

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Armand-Augustin-Louis de Caulaincourt

Armand-Augustin-Louis, Marquis de Caulaincourt, Duke of Vicenza (9 December 177319 February 1827) was a French soldier, diplomat, grand officer of the Grand Orient de France and close personal aide to Napoleon I.

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Armed Forces of Bosnia and Herzegovina

The Armed Forces of Bosnia and Herzegovina (OSBiH; Serbo-Croat-Bosnian: Oružane snage Bosne i Hercegovine/Оружане снаге Босне и Херцеговине, ОСБИХ) is the official military force of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

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Armed Forces of Ecuador

The Military of Ecuador is under civilian control.

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Armed Forces of Gabon

Gabon has a small, professional military of about 5,000 personnel, divided into army, navy, air force, gendarmerie, and national police.

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Armed Forces of Guatemala

The Guatemalan Armed Forces consists of the National Army of Guatemala (Ejercito Nacional de Guatemala, ENG), the Guatemalan National Defense Navy (Marina de la Defensa Nacional, includes Marines), the Guatemalan Air Force (Fuerza Aerea Guatemalteca, FAG), and the Presidential Honor Guard (Guardia de Honor Presidencial).

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Armed Forces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo

The Armed Forces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (Forces Armées de la République Démocratique du Congo (FARDC)) is the state organisation responsible for defending the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

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Armed Forces of the Republic of Ivory Coast

The Republican Forces of Côte d'Ivoire (Forces Republicaines de Cote d'Ivoire; "FRCI") is the current name of the armed forces of Ivory Coast.

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Armed Forces of the Republic of the Congo

The Armed Forces of the Republic of the Congo (Forces armées de la République du Congo), also less formally denoted as the Forces armées congolaises or its acronym FAC, are the military forces of the Republic of the Congo.

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Armed Islamic Group of Algeria

The Armed Islamic Group (GIA, from Groupe Islamique Armé; الجماعة الإسلامية المسلّحة) was one of the two main Islamist insurgents groups that fought the Algerian government and army in the Algerian Civil War.

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Armenian Genocide

The Armenian Genocide (Հայոց ցեղասպանություն, Hayots tseghaspanutyun), also known as the Armenian Holocaust, was the Ottoman government's systematic extermination of 1.5 million Armenians, mostly citizens within the Ottoman Empire.

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Armenian Secret Army for the Liberation of Armenia

The Armenian Secret Army for the Liberation of Armenia (ASALA) (Հայաստանի Ազատագրութեան Հայ Գաղտնի Բանակ, ՀԱՀԳԲ, Hayasdani Azadakrut'ean Hay Kaghdni Panag, HAHKP) was an Armenian militant organization, that operated from 1975 to the early 1990s.

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Armistice

An armistice is a formal agreement of warring parties to stop fighting.

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Armistice Day

Armistice Day is commemorated every year on 11 November to mark the armistice signed between the Allies of World War I and Germany at Compiègne, France, for the cessation of hostilities on the Western Front of World War I, which took effect at eleven o'clock in the morning—the "eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month" of 1918.

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Armour

Armour (British English or Canadian English) or armor (American English; see spelling differences) is a protective covering that is used to prevent damage from being inflicted to an object, individual or vehicle by direct contact weapons or projectiles, usually during combat, or from damage caused by a potentially dangerous environment or activity (e.g., cycling, construction sites, etc.). Personal armour is used to protect soldiers and war animals.

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Arms control

Arms control is a term for international restrictions upon the development, production, stockpiling, proliferation and usage of small arms, conventional weapons, and weapons of mass destruction.

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Army

An army (from Latin arma "arms, weapons" via Old French armée, "armed" (feminine)) or land force is a fighting force that fights primarily on land.

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Army of the Czech Republic

The Army of the Czech Republic (Armáda České republiky, AČR), also known as the Czech Army or Czech Armed Forces, is the military service responsible for the defence of the Czech Republic in compliance with international obligations and treaties on collective defence.

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Army Reserve (United Kingdom)

The Army Reserve is the active-duty volunteer reserve force and integrated element of the British Army.

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Arnaud du Ferrier

Arnaud Du Ferrier (c. 15081585) was a French lawyer and diplomat.

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Arnaudville, Louisiana

Arnaudville is a town in St. Landry and St. Martin parishes in the U.S. state of Louisiana.

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Arnsberg

Arnsberg is a town in the Hochsauerland district, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

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Aromanians

The Aromanians (Rrãmãnj, Armãnj; Aromâni) are a Latin European ethnic group native to the Balkans, traditionally living in northern and central Greece, central and southern Albania, the Republic of Macedonia, Kosovo and south-western Bulgaria.

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Arpajon

Arpajon is a commune in the Essonne department in the Île-de-France region of northern France.

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Arques, Pas-de-Calais

Arques is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in northern France, bordering Saint-Omer.

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Arrest

An arrest is the act of apprehending a person and taking them into custody, usually because they have been suspected of committing or planning a crime.

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Arrested decay

"Arrested decay" is a term coined by the State of California, United States to explain how it would preserve its Bodie State Historic Park.

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Arrondissement

An arrondissement is any of various administrative divisions of France, Belgium, Haiti, certain other Francophone countries, and the Netherlands.

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Arsenal VG-33

No description.

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Arsine

Arsine is an inorganic compound with the formula AsH3.

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Arte

ARTE (Association relative à la télévision européenne) is a public Franco-German TV network that promotes programming in the areas of culture and the arts.

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Arthur Adamov

Arthur Adamov (23 August 1908 – 15 March 1970) was a playwright, one of the foremost exponents of the Theatre of the Absurd.

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Arthur Aston

Sir Arthur Aston (died 1627) was appointed Proprietary Governor of Avalon in 1625 by Sir George Calvert, (1579-1632), former Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs to King James I of England (and earlier James VI of Scotland), (later titled first Baron and Lord Baltimore in Ireland and received charter from King Charles I of the Kingdom of England in 1632 just before his death to found colonial Province of Maryland further south along Chesapeake Bay in future United States of America, carried out in 1634 by his eldest son/heir Cecilius Calvert, second Baron and Lord Baltimore,, and nephew Leonard Calvert,, first provincial Governor of Maryland).

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Arthur Coles

Sir Arthur William "A.W." Coles (7 August 1892 – 14 June 1982) was a prominent Australian businessman and philanthropist, a son of St James, Victoria shopkeeper George W. Coles (died 1932).

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Arthur Eichengrün

Arthur Eichengrün (13 August 1867 – 23 December 1949) was a German Jewish chemist, materials scientist, and inventor.

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Arthur Symons

Arthur William Symons (28 February 186522 January 1945), was a British poet, critic and magazine editor.

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Arthur W. Radford

Arthur William Radford (27 February 1896 – 17 August 1973) was a United States Navy admiral and naval aviator.

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Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington

Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington, (1 May 1769 – 14 September 1852) was an Anglo-Irish soldier and statesman who was one of the leading military and political figures of 19th-century Britain, serving twice as Prime Minister.

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Arthur Young (agriculturist)

Arthur Young (11 September 1741 – 12 April 1820) was an English writer on agriculture, economics, social statistics, and campaigner for the rights of agricultural workers.

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Arthur, North Dakota

Arthur is a city in Cass County, North Dakota, United States.

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Article Two of the United States Constitution

Article Two of the United States Constitution establishes the executive branch of the federal government, which carries out and enforces federal laws.

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Artistic gymnastics

Artistic gymnastics is a discipline of gymnastics in which athletes perform short routines (ranging from approximately 30 to 90 seconds) on different apparatuses, with less time for vaulting.

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Artur London

Artur London (1 February 1915 – 8 November 1986) was a Czechoslovak communist politician and co-defendant in the Slánský Trial.

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Arturo Labriola

Arturo Labriola (21 January 1873 – 23 June 1959) was an Italian revolutionary syndicalist and socialist politician and journalist.

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Aryan race

The Aryan race was a racial grouping used in the period of the late 19th century and mid-20th century to describe people of European and Western Asian heritage.

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Ascendant

The ascendant (Asc or As), is the '''zodiacal sign and degree''' that is ascending on the eastern horizon at the specific time and location of an event.

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Aschaffenburg

Aschaffenburg is a town in northwest Bavaria, Germany.

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Ascott, Buckinghamshire

Ascott is a hamlet and country house in the parish of Wing, Buckinghamshire, England.

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Ashdod

Ashdod (help; أَشْدُود or إِسْدُود) is the sixth-largest city and the largest port in Israel accounting for 60% of the country's imported goods.

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Asher ben Jehiel

Asher ben Jehiel (אשר בן יחיאל, or Asher ben Yechiel, sometimes Asheri) (1250 or 1259 – 1327) was an eminent rabbi and Talmudist best known for his abstract of Talmudic law.

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Ashkenazi Jews

Ashkenazi Jews, also known as Ashkenazic Jews or simply Ashkenazim (אַשְׁכְּנַזִּים, Ashkenazi Hebrew pronunciation:, singular:, Modern Hebrew:; also), are a Jewish diaspora population who coalesced in the Holy Roman Empire around the end of the first millennium.

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Ashland, Wisconsin

Ashland is a city in Ashland and Bayfield counties in the U.S. state of Wisconsin.

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Ashley, North Dakota

Ashley is a city in and the county seat of McIntosh County, North Dakota, United States.

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Ashton-under-Lyne

Ashton-under-Lyne is a market town in Tameside, Greater Manchester, England.

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Asian black bear

The Asian black bear (Ursus thibetanus, previously known as Selenarctos thibetanus), also known as the moon bear and the white-chested bear, is a medium-sized bear species native to Asia and largely adapted to arboreal life.

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Asian long-horned beetle

The Asian long-horned beetle (Anoplophora glabripennis), also known as the starry sky, sky beetle, or ALB, is native to eastern China, Japan, and Korea.

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Asimina

Asimina is a genus of small trees or shrubs described as a genus in 1763.

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Asnelles

Asnelles is a commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region of northwestern France.

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Asnières-en-Bessin

Asnières-en-Bessin is a commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region of north-western France.

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Assassins

Order of Assassins or simply Assassins (أساسين asāsīn, حشاشین Hashâshīn) is the common name used to refer to an Islamic sect formally known as the Nizari Ismailis.

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Association des Bibliophiles Universels

The Association des Bibliophiles Universels (ABU; in English "The Association of Universal Booklovers") is a French language organization dedicated to producing e-text versions of public domain French texts.

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Association for the Taxation of Financial Transactions and for Citizens' Action

The Association pour la Taxation des Transactions financières et pour l'Action Citoyenne (Association for the Taxation of financial Transactions and Citizen's Action, ATTAC) is an activist organisation originally created for promoting the establishment of a tax on foreign exchange transactions.

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Association of Southeast Asian Nations

The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is a regional intergovernmental organization comprising ten Southeast Asian countries that promotes intergovernmental cooperation and facilitates economic, political, security, military, educational, and sociocultural integration amongst its members, other Asian countries, and globally.

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Assyrian Church of the East

The Assyrian Church of the East (ܥܕܬܐ ܕܡܕܢܚܐ ܕܐܬܘܖ̈ܝܐ ʻĒdtā d-Madenḥā d-Ātorāyē), officially the Holy Apostolic Catholic Assyrian Church of the East (ʻEdtā Qaddīštā wa-Šlīḥāitā Qātolīqī d-Madenḥā d-Ātorāyē), is an Eastern Christian Church that follows the traditional christology and ecclesiology of the historical Church of the East.

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Astacus

Astacus (from the Greek αστακός, astacós, meaning "lobster" or "crayfish") is a genus of crayfish found in Europe and western Asia, comprising three extant and four extinct, fossil species.

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Aster (missile family)

The Aster missile series, primarily comprising the Aster 15 and Aster 30 are a family of vertically launched surface-to-air missiles.

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Asti

Asti is a city and comune of 76 164 inhabitants (1-1-2017) located in the Piedmont region of northwestern Italy, about east of Turin in the plain of the Tanaro River.

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Astro-Creep: 2000 – Songs of Love, Destruction and Other Synthetic Delusions of the Electric Head

Astro-Creep: 2000 – Songs of Love, Destruction and Other Synthetic Delusions of the Electric Head (or simply Astro-Creep: 2000) is the fourth and final studio album by White Zombie, released on April 11, 1995 by Geffen Records.

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Astronaut

An astronaut or cosmonaut is a person trained by a human spaceflight program to command, pilot, or serve as a crew member of a spacecraft.

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Astronomical symbols

Astronomical symbols are symbols used to represent astronomical objects, theoretical constructs and observational events in astronomy.

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Atari

Atari is a corporate and brand name owned by several entities since its inception in 1972, currently by Atari Interactive, a subsidiary of the French publisher Atari, SA.

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Atef Sedky

Atef Mohamed Naguib Sedky (29 August 1930 – 25 February 2005) (عاطف محمد نجيب صدقى) was the Prime Minister of Egypt from 1986 until 1996.

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Ath

Ath (Aat, Picard: Ât) is a Belgian municipality located in the Walloon province of Hainaut.

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Athanasius Kircher

Athanasius Kircher, S.J. (sometimes erroneously spelled Kirchner; Athanasius Kircherus, 2 May 1602 – 28 November 1680) was a German Jesuit scholar and polymath who published around 40 major works, most notably in the fields of comparative religion, geology, and medicine.

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Athenry

Athenry is a town in County Galway, Ireland, which lies east of Galway city.

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Athens International Airport

Athens International Airport "Eleftherios Venizelos" (Διεθνής Αερολιμένας Αθηνών «Ελευθέριος Βενιζέλος», Diethnís Aeroliménas Athinón "Elefthérios Venizélos"), commonly initialized as "AIA", began operation on 28 March 2001 and is the primary international airport that serves the city of Athens and the region of Attica.

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Athis-Mons

Athis-Mons is a commune in the southern suburbs of Paris, France.

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Athlone

Athlone is a town on the River Shannon near the southern shore of Lough Ree in Ireland.

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Atlanta

Atlanta is the capital city and most populous municipality of the state of Georgia in the United States.

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Atlantic City (1980 film)

Atlantic City is a 1980 French-Canadian romantic crime film directed by Louis Malle.

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Atlantic puffin

The Atlantic puffin (Fratercula arctica), also known as the common puffin, is a species of seabird in the auk family.

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Atlantic slave trade

The Atlantic slave trade or transatlantic slave trade involved the transportation by slave traders of enslaved African people, mainly to the Americas.

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Atlas (architecture)

In European architectural sculpture, an atlas (also known as an atlant, or atlante or atlantid; plural atlantes), Michael Delahunt,, 1996–2008.

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Atmel

Atmel Corporation is an American-based designer and manufacturer of semiconductors, founded in 1984.

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Ato Boldon

Ato Jabari Boldon (born 30 December 1973) is a former athlete from Trinidad and Tobago and four-time Olympic medal winner.

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Atomic Age

The Atomic Age, also known as the Atomic Era, is the period of history following the detonation of the first nuclear ("atomic") bomb, Trinity, on July 16, 1945, during World War II.

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Atrebates

The Atrebates (singular Atrebas) were a Belgic tribe of Gaul and Britain before the Roman conquests.

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Attachment parenting

Attachment parenting (AP) is a parenting philosophy that proposes methods which aim to promote the attachment of parent and infant not only by maximal parental empathy and responsiveness but also by continuous bodily closeness and touch.

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Attack on Mers-el-Kébir

The Attack on Mers-el-Kébir (3 July 1940) also known as the Battle of Mers-el-Kébir, was part of Operation Catapult.

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Aubange

Aubange (German: Ibingen, Luxembourgish: Éibeng, Walloon: Åbindje) is a Walloon municipality of Belgium located in the Province of Luxembourg.

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Aubenas

Aubenas is a commune in the southern part of the Ardèche department in the Rhône Valley in southern France.

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Auberville

Auberville is a commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region of north-western France.

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Aubervilliers

Aubervilliers is a commune in the Seine-Saint-Denis department in the Île-de-France region in the north-eastern suburbs of Paris, France.

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Aubigny, Calvados

Aubigny is a commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region of north-western France.

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Aubigny-en-Artois

Aubigny-en-Artois is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in northern France.

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Aubrieta

Aubrieta (commonly known as Aubretia) is a genus of about 20 species of flowering plants in the cabbage family Brassicaceae.

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Aubusson, Creuse

Aubusson (Occitan auvergnat: Le Buçon, formerly Aubuçon) is a commune in the Creuse department region in central France.

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Auchel

Auchel (Auchez) is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region in northern France.

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Aude (river)

The Aude (Latin Atax) is a river of southern France that is long.

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Audi alteram partem

Audi alteram partem (or audiatur et altera pars) is a Latin phrase meaning "listen to the other side", or "let the other side be heard as well".

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Audrieu

Audrieu is a commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region of north-western France.

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August 11

No description.

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August 19

No description.

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August 25

No description.

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August 4

No description.

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August Belmont Jr.

August Belmont Jr. (February 18, 1853 – December 10, 1924) was an American financier.

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August Hlond

August Hlond (July 5, 1881 – October 22, 1948) was a Polish cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church, who was Archbishop of Poznań and Gniezno in 1926 and Primate of Poland.

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August Ludwig von Schlözer

August Ludwig von Schlözer (5 July 1735, Gaggstatt9 September 1809, Göttingen) was a German historian who laid foundations for the critical study of Russian history.

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Auguste and Louis Lumière

The Lumière brothers, Auguste Marie Louis Nicolas; 19 October 1862 – 10 April 1954) and Louis Jean; 5 October 1864 – 7 June 1948), were among the first filmmakers in history. They patented an improved cinematograph, which in contrast to Thomas Edison's "peepshow" kinetoscope allowed simultaneous viewing by multiple parties.

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Auguste Charlois

Auguste Honoré Charlois (November 26, 1864 – March 26, 1910) was a French astronomer who discovered 99 asteroids while working at the Nice Observatory in southeastern France.

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Auguste Comte

Isidore Marie Auguste François Xavier Comte (19 January 1798 – 5 September 1857) was a French philosopher who founded the discipline of praxeology and the doctrine of positivism.

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Auguste de Montferrand

Auguste de Montferrand (January 23, 1786 – July 10, 1858) was a French Classicism architect who worked primarily in Russia.

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Auguste Mariette

François Auguste Ferdinand Mariette (11 February 182118 January 1881) was a French scholar, archaeologist and Egyptologist, and founder of the Egyptian Department of Antiquities (later Supreme Council of Antiquities).

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Auguste-Jean-Marie Vermorel

Auguste-Jean-Marie Vermorel (21 June 1841 - 20 June 1871) was a French journalist.

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Augustin Alexandre Darthé

Augustin Alexandre Darthé (1769 – May 27, 1797) was a French revolutionary.

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Augustin Pajou

Augustin Pajou (19 September 1730, Paris – 8 May 1809) was a French sculptor, born in Paris.

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Augustin-Jean Fresnel

Augustin-Jean Fresnel (10 May 178814 July 1827) was a French civil engineer and physicist whose research in optics led to the almost unanimous acceptance of the wave theory of light, excluding any remnant of Newton's corpuscular theory, from the late 1830s until the end of the 19th century.

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Augustin-Louis Cauchy

Baron Augustin-Louis Cauchy FRS FRSE (21 August 178923 May 1857) was a French mathematician, engineer and physicist who made pioneering contributions to several branches of mathematics, including: mathematical analysis and continuum mechanics.

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Augustinas Voldemaras

Augustinas Voldemaras (16 April 1883 – 16 May 1942) was a Lithuanian nationalist political figure.

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Augustinians

The term Augustinians, named after Augustine of Hippo (354–430), applies to two distinct types of Catholic religious orders, dating back to the first millennium but formally created in the 13th century, and some Anglican religious orders, created in the 19th century, though technically there is no "Order of St.

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Augustus Keppel, 1st Viscount Keppel

Admiral Augustus Keppel, 1st Viscount Keppel PC (25 April 17252 October 1786) was a Royal Navy officer and politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1755 to 1782.

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Augustus Pugin

Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin (1 March 181214 September 1852) was an English architect, designer, artist, and critic who is principally remembered for his pioneering role in the Gothic Revival style of architecture.

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Aulnay-sous-Bois

Aulnay-sous-Bois is a commune in the Seine-Saint-Denis department in the Île-de-France region in the north-eastern suburbs of Paris, France.

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Aunay-sur-Odon

Aunay-sur-Odon is a former commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region of north-western France.

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Auquainville

Auquainville is a former commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region of north-western France.

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Aurora, Colorado

Aurora is a Home Rule Municipality in the U.S. state of Colorado, spanning Arapahoe and Adams counties, with the extreme southeastern portion of the city extending into Douglas County.

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Aurora, Illinois

Aurora, a suburb of Chicago, is a city predominantly in Kane County and DuPage County, with portions extending into Kendall and Will counties.

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Aurore Clément

Aurore Clément (born 12 October 1945) is a French actress who has appeared in French language and English language motion pictures and television productions.

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Ausonius

Decimus or Decimius Magnus Ausonius (– c. 395) was a Roman poet and teacher of rhetoric from Burdigala in Aquitaine, modern Bordeaux, France.

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Australia Group

The Australia Group is a multilateral export control regime (MECR) and an informal group of countries (now joined by the European Commission) established in 1985 (after the use of chemical weapons by Iraq in 1984) to help member countries to identify those exports which need to be controlled so as not to contribute to the spread of chemical and biological weapons.

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Australian dollar

The Australian dollar (sign: $; code: AUD) is the currency of the Commonwealth of Australia, including its external territories Christmas Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, and Norfolk Island, as well as the independent Pacific Island states of Kiribati, Nauru, Papua New Guinea, Tonga, Tuvalu, and Vanuatu.

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Australian Grand Prix

The Australian Grand Prix is a motor race held annually in Australia currently under contract to host Formula One until 2023.

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Austrasia

Austrasia was a territory which formed the northeastern section of the Merovingian Kingdom of the Franks during the 6th to 8th centuries.

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Austria-Hungary

Austria-Hungary, often referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire or the Dual Monarchy in English-language sources, was a constitutional union of the Austrian Empire (the Kingdoms and Lands Represented in the Imperial Council, or Cisleithania) and the Kingdom of Hungary (Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen or Transleithania) that existed from 1867 to 1918, when it collapsed as a result of defeat in World War I. The union was a result of the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 and came into existence on 30 March 1867.

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Austrian Empire

The Austrian Empire (Kaiserthum Oesterreich, modern spelling Kaisertum Österreich) was a Central European multinational great power from 1804 to 1919, created by proclamation out of the realms of the Habsburgs.

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Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867

The Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 (Ausgleich, Kiegyezés) established the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary.

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Austro-Prussian War

The Austro-Prussian War or Seven Weeks' War (also known as the Unification War, the War of 1866, or the Fraternal War, in Germany as the German War, and also by a variety of other names) was a war fought in 1866 between the Austrian Empire and the Kingdom of Prussia, with each also being aided by various allies within the German Confederation.

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Authie, Calvados

Authie is a French commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region of north-western France.

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Automated guideway transit

The automated guideway transit (AGT) is a fully automated, driverless, grade-separated transit system in which vehicles are automatically guided along a "guideway".

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Automated teller machine

An automated teller machine (ATM) is an electronic telecommunications device that enables customers of financial institutions to perform financial transactions, such as cash withdrawals, deposits, transfer funds, or obtaining account information, at any time and without the need for direct interaction with bank staff.

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Automatic transmission

An automatic transmission, also called auto, self-shifting transmission, n-speed automatic (where n is its number of forward gear ratios), or AT, is a type of motor vehicle transmission that can automatically change gear ratios as the vehicle moves, freeing the driver from having to shift gears manually.

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Automaton

An automaton (plural: automata or automatons) is a self-operating machine, or a machine or control mechanism designed to automatically follow a predetermined sequence of operations, or respond to predetermined instructions.

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Automobiles René Bonnet

Automobiles René Bonnet was a French automobile maker.

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Automotive industry in the United Kingdom

The automotive industry in the United Kingdom is now best known for premium and sports car marques including Aston Martin, Bentley, Caterham Cars, Daimler, Jaguar, Lagonda, Land Rover, Lister Cars, Lotus, McLaren, MG, Mini, Morgan and Rolls-Royce.

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Autun

Autun is a commune in the Saône-et-Loire department, France.

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Auvergnat (language)

Auvergnat or Auvergnat language (endonym: auvernhat) is an idiom spoken in France in part of the Massif Central and in particular, in most of Auvergne, province that gives it its name.

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Auvillars

Auvillars is a commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region of north-western France.

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Auxiliary Units

The Auxiliary Units or GHQ Auxiliary Units were specially trained, highly secret units created by the United Kingdom government during the Second World War, with the aim using irregular warfare to help combat any invasion of the United Kingdom by Nazi Germany, which the Germans codenamed Operation Sea Lion.

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Auxonne

Auxonne is a French commune in the Côte-d'Or department in the Burgundy region of eastern France.

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AVE

Alta Velocidad Española (AVE) is a service of high-speed rail in Spain operated by Renfe, the Spanish national railway company, at speeds of up to.

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Avenay

Avenay is a French commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region of north-western France.

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Avery Hopwood

James Avery Hopwood (May 28, 1882 – July 1, 1928) was an American playwright of the Jazz Age.

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Avesnes-sur-Helpe

Avesnes-sur-Helpe is a commune in the Nord department in northern France.

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Aveta

In Gallo-Roman religion, Dea Aveta was a mother goddess, also associated with the fresh-water spring at Trier in what is now Germany.

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Aviation accidents and incidents

An aviation accident is defined by the Convention on International Civil Aviation Annex 13 as an occurrence associated with the operation of an aircraft, which takes place between the time any person boards the aircraft with the intention of flight until all such persons have disembarked, where a person is fatally or seriously injured, the aircraft sustains damage or structural failure or the aircraft is missing or is completely inaccessible.

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Avignon

Avignon (Avenio; Provençal: Avignoun, Avinhon) is a commune in south-eastern France in the department of Vaucluse on the left bank of the Rhône river.

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Avignon Papacy

The Avignon Papacy was the period from 1309 to 1376 during which seven successive popes resided in Avignon (then in the Kingdom of Arles, part of the Holy Roman Empire, now in France) rather than in Rome.

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Avon Lake, Ohio

Avon Lake is a city in Lorain County, Ohio, United States, located on Lake Erie.

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Avon Products

Avon Products, Inc, known as Avon, founded by David H. McConnell in 1886 is a direct selling company in beauty, household, and personal care categories.

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Avro Lancaster

The Avro Lancaster is a British four-engined Second World War heavy bomber.

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Avro Manchester

The Avro 679 Manchester was a British twin-engine medium bomber developed and manufactured by the Avro aircraft company in the United Kingdom.

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AvtoVAZ

AvtoVAZ (АвтоВАЗ), formerly known as VAZ (Volzhsky Avtomobilny Zavod) (ВАЗ, Во́лжский автомоби́льный заво́д, or Volga Automobile Plant), is a Russian automobile manufacturer.

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Axe historique

The Axe historique (historical axis) is a line of monuments, buildings and thoroughfares that extends from the centre of Paris, France, to the west.

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Axel Oxenstierna

Axel Gustafsson Oxenstierna af Södermöre (1583–1654), Count of Södermöre, was a Swedish statesman.

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Axel von Fersen the Elder

Fredrik Axel von Fersen Count Fredrik Axel von Fersen (5 April 171924 April 1794) was a Swedish statesman and soldier.

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Axis & Allies

Axis & Allies is a series of World War II strategy board games.

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Aylmer Hunter-Weston

Lieutenant-General Sir Aylmer Gould Hunter-Weston KCB DSO GStJ (23 September 1864 – 18 March 1940) was a British Army general who served in World War I at Gallipoli and in the very early stages of the Somme Offensive.

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Aylsham

Aylsham is a historic market town and civil parish on the River Bure in north Norfolk, England, nearly north of Norwich.

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Ayr

Ayr (Inbhir Àir, "Mouth of the River Ayr") is a large town and former Royal Burgh on the west coast of Ayrshire in Scotland.

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Azali Assoumani

Azali Assoumani (غزالي عثماني, born January 1, 1959) is a Comorian politician and the President of the Comoros.

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Azawakh

The Azawakh is a sighthound livestock guardian breed of dog from West Africa.

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Azay-le-Rideau

Azay-le-Rideau is a commune in the Indre-et-Loire department in central France.

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AZERTY

AZERTY is a specific layout for the characters of the Latin alphabet on typewriter keys and computer keyboards.

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AZF (factory)

AZF (French initialism for AZote Fertilisant, i.e. nitrogen fertiliser) was the name of a chemical factory in Toulouse, France, which exploded on 21 September 2001.

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Azurite

Azurite is a soft, deep blue copper mineral produced by weathering of copper ore deposits.

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£sd

£sd (pronounced /ɛlɛsˈdiː/ ell-ess-dee and occasionally written Lsd) is the popular name for the pre-decimal currencies once common throughout Europe, especially in the British Isles and hence in several countries of the British Empire and subsequently the Commonwealth.

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Árpád Göncz

Árpád Göncz (10 February 1922 – 6 October 2015) was a Hungarian liberal politician, who served as President of Hungary from 2 May 1990 to 4 August 2000.

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Älvsbyn Municipality

Älvsbyn Municipality is a municipality in Norrbotten County in northern Sweden.

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Ælle of Sussex

Ælle (also Aelle or Ella) is recorded in early sources as the first king of the South Saxons, reigning in what is now called Sussex, England, from 477 to perhaps as late as 514.

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Çaro, Pyrénées-Atlantiques

Çaro is a commune in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in south-western France.

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Écarté

Écarté is an old French casino game that is still played today.

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École centrale de Lille

Located in the campus of Lille University of Science and Technology in France, École Centrale de Lille is a renowned Graduate Engineering school, with roots back to 1854 as the École des arts industriels et des mines de Lille, re-organised in 1872 as Institut industriel du Nord.

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École centrale de Lyon

The École centrale de Lyon (ECL) is a research university in Lyon, France.

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École centrale de Nantes

École Centrale de Nantes, or Centrale Nantes, is a Grande Ecole d'Ingénieurs - a French engineering school - established in 1919 under the name of Institut Polytechnique de l'Ouest.

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École Centrale Paris

École Centrale Paris (ECP, often referred to as École Centrale or Centrale) was a French postgraduate-level institute of research and higher education in engineering and science.

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École des ponts ParisTech

École des Ponts ParisTech (originally called École nationale des ponts et chaussées or ENPC, also nicknamed Ponts) is a university-level institution of higher education and research in the field of science, engineering and technology.

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École nationale d'administration

The École nationale d'administration (generally referred to as ÉNA;; National School of Administration) is a French grande école, created in 1945 by French President, Charles de Gaulle, and principal author of the French Constitution, Michel Debré, to democratise access to the senior civil service.

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École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts

The École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts (ENSBA) is a fine arts grand school of PSL Research University in Paris, France.

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École normale supérieure

An école normale supérieure or ENS is a type of publicly funded higher education in France.

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École normale supérieure (Paris)

The École normale supérieure (also known as Normale sup', Ulm, ENS Paris, l'École and most often just as ENS) is one of the most selective and prestigious French grandes écoles (higher education establishment outside the framework of the public university system) and a constituent college of Université PSL.

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École normale supérieure de Lyon

The École normale supérieure de Lyon (also known as ENS Lyon, ENSL or Normale Sup' Lyon) is a highly selective grande école located in Lyon, France.

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École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr

The École Spéciale Militaire de Saint-Cyr (ESM, literally the "Special Military School of Saint-Cyr") is the foremost French military academy.

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École Supérieure de Chimie Physique Électronique de Lyon

École Supérieure de Chimie Physique Électronique de Lyon or CPE Lyon is a French engineering school, located in Villeurbanne, near Lyon.

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Écrammeville

Écrammeville is a former commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region in northwestern France.

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Éditions Philippe Amaury

Éditions Philippe Amaury (EPA), also known as Groupe EPA or the Amaury Group, is a French media group founded by Philippe Amaury, whose widow Marie-Odile Amaury owns a majority of the company.

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Édouard Lalo

Édouard-Victoire-Antoine Lalo (27 January 182322 April 1892) was a French composer.

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Édouard Lucas

François Édouard Anatole Lucas (4 April 1842 – 3 October 1891) was a French mathematician.

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Édouard Pailleron

Édouard Jules Henri Pailleron (7 September 1834 – 19 April 1899) was a French poet and dramatist.

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Édouard Roche

Édouard Albert Roche (17 October 1820 – 27 April 1883) was a French astronomer and mathematician, who is best known for his work in the field of celestial mechanics.

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Édouard Stephan

Édouard Jean-Marie Stephan (31 August 1837 – 31 December 1923) was a French astronomer.

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Édouard Thomas Burgues de Missiessy

Édouard-Thomas de Burgues, comte de Missiessy (23 April 1756, Forcalquier, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence – 24 March 1837, Toulon) was a French naval officer and admiral.

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Éire

Éire is Irish for "Ireland", the name of an island and a sovereign state.

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Élie Cartan

Élie Joseph Cartan, ForMemRS (9 April 1869 – 6 May 1951) was an influential French mathematician who did fundamental work in the theory of Lie groups and their geometric applications.

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Élie Metchnikoff

Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov (Илья́ Ильи́ч Ме́чников, also written as Élie Metchnikoff; 15 July 1916) was a Russian zoologist best known for his pioneering research in immunology.

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Élise Rivet

Élise Rivet, also known as Mère Marie Élisabeth de l'Eucharistie (January 19, 1890, Draria, Algeria – March 30, 1945, Ravensbrück concentration camp, Germany) was a Roman Catholic nun and World War II heroine.

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Élysée Palace

The Élysée Palace (Palais de l'Élysée) is the official residence of the President of France.

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Émiéville

Émiéville is a commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region in northwestern France.

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Émile Baudot

Jean-Maurice-Émile Baudot (11 September 1845 – 28 March 1903), French telegraph engineer and inventor of the first means of digital communication Baudot code, was one of the pioneers of telecommunications.

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Émile Boutroux

Étienne Émile Marie Boutroux (July 28, 1845 – November 22, 1921) was an eminent 19th century French philosopher of science and religion, and an historian of philosophy.

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Émile Deschanel

Émile Auguste Étienne Martin Deschanel (19 November 1819, Paris – 26 January 1904, Paris) was a French author and politician, the father of Paul Deschanel, the 11th President of the French Republic.

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Émile Gagnan

Émile Gagnan (November 1900 – 1979) was a French engineer and, in 1943, co-inventor with French Navy diver Jacques-Yves Cousteau of the Aqua-Lung, the diving regulator (a.k.a. demand-valve) used for the first Scuba equipment.

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Émile Picard

Prof Charles Émile Picard FRS(For) FRSE (24 July 1856 – 11 December 1941) was a French mathematician.

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Épaney

Épaney is a commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region in northwestern France.

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Épinay-sur-Odon

Épinay-sur-Odon is a commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region in northwestern France.

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Épinay-sur-Orge

Épinay-sur-Orge is a commune in the Essonne department in Île-de-France in northern France.

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Épinay-sur-Seine

Épinay-sur-Seine is a commune in the northern suburbs of Paris, France.

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Épron

Épron is a commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region in northwestern France.

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Équemauville

Équemauville is a commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region in northwestern France.

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Équihen-Plage

Équihen-Plage is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region of France.

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Éric de Montgolfier

Éric de Montgolfier (born 11 August 1946) is a French attorney and state prosecutor (procureur de la République).

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Étaples

Étaples or Étaples-sur-Mer (Dutch: Stapel) is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in northern France.

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Éterville

Éterville is a commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region in northwestern France.

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Étienne Bazeries

Étienne Bazeries (21 August 1846 Port Vendres – 7 November 1931 Noyon) was a French military cryptanalyst active between 1890 and the First World War.

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Étienne Bézout

Étienne Bézout (31 March 1730 – 27 September 1783) was a French mathematician who was born in Nemours, Seine-et-Marne, France, and died in Avon (near Fontainebleau), France.

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Étienne Bonnot de Condillac

Étienne Bonnot de Condillac (30 September 1714 – 3 August 1780) was a French philosopher and epistemologist, who studied in such areas as psychology and the philosophy of the mind.

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Étienne Brûlé

Étienne Brûlé (c. 1592 – c. June 1633) was the first European explorer to journey beyond the St. Lawrence River in what is today Canada.

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Étienne Charles de Loménie de Brienne

Étienne Charles de Loménie de Brienne (9 October 1727 – 19 February 1794) was a French churchman, politician and finance minister of Louis XVI.

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Étienne de La Boétie

Étienne or Estienne de La Boétie (or in local occitan Périgord dialect; 1 November 1530 – 18 August 1563) was a French judge, writer and "a founder of modern political philosophy in France".

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Étienne Dolet

Étienne Dolet (3 August 1509 – 3 August 1546) was a French scholar, translator and printer.

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Étienne Fourmont

Étienne Fourmont (23 June 1683 – 8 December 1745) was a French scholar and Orientalist who served as professor of Arabic at the Collège de France and published grammars on the Arabic, Hebrew, and Chinese languages.

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Étienne François, duc de Choiseul

Étienne-François, Marquis de Stainville, 1er Duc de Choiseul (28 June 1719 – 8 May 1785) was a French military officer, diplomat and statesman.

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Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire

Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire (15 April 1772 – 19 June 1844) was a French naturalist who established the principle of "unity of composition".

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Étienne Jodelle

Étienne Jodelle, seigneur de Limodin (1532 – July 1573), French dramatist and poet, was born in Paris of a noble family.

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Étienne Maurice Gérard

Étienne Maurice Gérard, 1er Comte Gérard (4 April 177317 April 1852) was a French general, statesman and Marshal of France.

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Étienne Pasquier

Étienne Pasquier (7 June 1529 – 1 September 1615) was a French lawyer and man of letters.

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Étienne-Denis Pasquier

Étienne-Denis, duc de Pasquier (21 April 1767 – 5 July 1862), Chancelier de France, (a title revived for him by Louis-Philippe in 1837), was a French statesman.

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Étienne-Louis Boullée

Étienne-Louis Boullée (12 February 1728 – 4 February 1799) was a visionary French neoclassical architect whose work greatly influenced contemporary architects.

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Étienne-Louis Malus

Étienne-Louis Malus (23 July 1775 – 24 February 1812) was a French officer, engineer, physicist, and mathematician.

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Étouvy

Étouvy is a former commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region in northwestern France.

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Étréham

Étréham is a commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region in northwestern France.

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Évariste de Parny

Évariste Desiré de Forges, vicomte de Parny (6 February 1753 – 5 December 1814) was a French poet.

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Évelyne Thomas

Évelyne Thomas (born January 10, 1964) was the hostess of the French talk show C'est mon choix (It's my choice).

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Évian-les-Bains

Évian-les-Bains or Évian is a commune in the northern part of the Haute-Savoie department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in south-eastern France.

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Évrecy

Évrecy is a commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region in northwestern France.

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Íngrid Betancourt

Ingrid Betancourt Pulecio (born 25 December 1961) is a Colombian-French politician, former senator and anti-corruption activist.

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Île d'Orléans

Île d'Orléans (English: Island of Orleans) is located in the Saint Lawrence River about east of downtown Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.

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Île d'Yeu

Île d'Yeu is an island and commune just off the Vendée coast of western France.

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Île de Ré

Île de Ré (variously spelled Rhé, Rhéa or Rhea; in English Isle of Rhé) is an island off the west coast of France near La Rochelle, on the northern side of the Pertuis d'Antioche strait.

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Île Saint-Louis

The Île Saint-Louis is one of two natural islands in the Seine river, in Paris, France (the other natural island is Île de la Cité; the Île aux Cygnes is artificial).

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İstiklal Avenue

İstiklal Avenue or Istiklal Street (Turkish: İstiklâl Caddesi, Greek: Μεγάλη Οδός του Πέραν, French: Grande Rue de Péra, English: Independence Avenue) is one of the most famous avenues in Istanbul, Turkey, visited by nearly 3 million people in a single day over the course of weekends.

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İzmir

İzmir is a metropolitan city in the western extremity of Anatolia and the third most populous city in Turkey, after Istanbul and Ankara.

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Żagań

Żagań (French and Sagan, Zahań, Zaháň, Saganum) is a town on the Bóbr river in western Poland, with 26,253 inhabitants (2010).

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Żary

Żary (Sorau, Žarow) is a town in western Poland with about 39,900 inhabitants (2006), situated in the Lubusz Voivodeship (since 1999, previously in Zielona Góra Voivodeship (1975–1998)).

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Żory

Not to be confused with the similarly-named town Żary (German: Sorau) in Silesian Voivodeship Żory (Sohrau) is a town and city county in Silesian Voivodeship, Poland with 58,672 inhabitants (2018).

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Żupan

Żupan (župan, župan, polgármester, жупан, жупан) is a long garment, always lined, worn by almost all males of the noble social class in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, typical male attire from the beginning of the 16th to half of the 18th century, still surviving as a part of the Polish and Ukrainian national costume.

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Żyrardów

Żyrardów is a town and former industrial hub in central Poland with approximately 41,400 inhabitants (2006).

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Żywiec

Żywiec (Saybusch) is a town in south-central Poland with 32,242 inhabitants (as of November 2007).

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Žilina

Žilina (Sillein, or; Zsolna; Żylina, names in other languages) is a city in north-western Slovakia, around from the capital Bratislava, close to both the Czech and Polish borders.

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B. Carroll Reece

Brazilla Carroll Reece (December 22, 1889 – March 19, 1961) was an American politician from Tennessee.

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Baccalauréat

The baccalauréat, often known in France colloquially as bac, is an academic qualification that French students take after high school.

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Baccarat

Baccarat (Burgambach) is a French commune in the Meurthe-et-Moselle department in the Grand Est region of north-eastern France.

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Bacharach

Bacharach (also known as Bacharach am Rhein) is a town in the Mainz-Bingen district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

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Bachelor's degree

A bachelor's degree (from Middle Latin baccalaureus) or baccalaureate (from Modern Latin baccalaureatus) is an undergraduate academic degree awarded by colleges and universities upon completion of a course of study lasting three to seven years (depending on institution and academic discipline).

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Backnang

Backnang is a town in Germany in the Bundesland of Baden-Württemberg, roughly northeast of Stuttgart.

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Baco noir

Baco noir (pronounced BA-koh NWAHR) is a hybrid red wine grape variety produced by Francois Baco from a cross of Vitis vinifera var. Folle blanche, a French wine grape, and an unknown variety of Vitis riparia indigenous to North America.

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Bad Hersfeld

The festival and spa town of Bad Hersfeld (Bad is "spa" in German; the Old High German name of the city was Herolfisfeld) is the district seat of the Hersfeld-Rotenburg district in northeastern Hesse, Germany, roughly 50 km southeast of Kassel.

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Bad Oldesloe

Bad Oldesloe is a town located in the northern German state of Schleswig-Holstein.

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Baden-Baden

Baden-Baden is a spa town located in the state of Baden-Württemberg in southwestern Germany.

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Baden-Württemberg

Baden-Württemberg is a state in southwest Germany, east of the Rhine, which forms the border with France.

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Badminton

Badminton is a racquet sport played using racquets to hit a shuttlecock across a net.

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Bagatelle

Bagatelle (from the Château de Bagatelle) is a billiards-derived indoor table game, the object of which is to get a number of balls (set at nine in the 19th century) past wooden pins (which act as obstacles) into holes that are guarded by wooden pegs; penalties are incurred if the pegs are knocked over.

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Bahá'í House of Worship

A Bahá'í House of Worship, sometimes referred to by the name of mašriqu-l-'aḏkār (مشرق اﻻذكار), an Arabic phrase meaning "Dawning-place of the remembrances of God", is the designation of a place of worship, or temple, of the Bahá'í Faith.

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Baie-Mahault

Baie-Mahault is a commune in France and is the second most populated commune in the French overseas region and department of Guadeloupe after Les Abymes The extensive industrial zone of Jarry in Baie-Mahault is by far the most industrialized commune in the islands and the largest industrial park in the Lesser Antilles.

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Baikonur Cosmodrome

Baikonur Cosmodrome (translit; translit) is a spaceport located in an area of southern Kazakhstan leased to Russia.

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Baillif

Baillif is a commune of Guadeloupe, an overseas region and department of France located in the Lesser Antilles.

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Bainbridge Island, Washington

Bainbridge Island is a city in Kitsap County, Washington, United States, and is coextensive with the eponymous island in Puget Sound.

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Baked beans

Baked beans is a dish containing beans, sometimes baked but, despite the name, usually stewed, in a sauce.

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Balcony

A balcony (from balcone, scaffold; cf. Old High German balcho, beam, balk; probably cognate with Persian term بالكانه bālkāneh or its older variant پالكانه pālkāneh) is a platform projecting from the wall of a building, supported by columns or console brackets, and enclosed with a balustrade, usually above the ground floor.

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Ballata

The ballata (plural: ballate) is an Italian poetic and musical form in use from the late 13th to the 15th century.

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Balleroy

Balleroy is a former commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region of north-western France.

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Ballistic missile submarine

A ballistic missile submarine is a submarine capable of deploying submarine-launched ballistic missiles (SLBMs) with nuclear warheads.

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Ballot

A ballot is a device used to cast votes in an election, and may be a piece of paper or a small ball used in secret voting.

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Ballymahon

Ballymahon on the River Inny is a town in the southern part of County Longford, Ireland.

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Balthasar Gérard

Balthasar Gérard (alternative spellings Gerards or Gerardts; c. 1557 – 14 July 1584) was the assassin of the Dutch independence leader, William I of Orange (William the Silent).

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Baltic Sea

The Baltic Sea is a sea of the Atlantic Ocean, enclosed by Scandinavia, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Russia, Poland, Germany and the North and Central European Plain.

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Bam Balams

Bam Balams were an Australian rock band which formed in 1984 and disbanded in 1992.

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Bamako

Bamako is the capital and largest city of Mali, with a population of 1.8 million (2009 census, provisional).

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Bamberg

Bamberg is a town in Upper Franconia, Germany, on the river Regnitz close to its confluence with the river Main.

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Bamboo

The bamboos are evergreen perennial flowering plants in the subfamily Bambusoideae of the grass family Poaceae.

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Bambusa

Bambusa is a large genus of clumping bamboos.

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Ban

Ban may refer to.

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Bandai

is a Japanese toy maker and a producer of a large number of plastic model kits as well as a former video game company.

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Bandidos Motorcycle Club

The Bandidos Motorcycle Club, also known as the Bandido Nation, is a "one-percenter" motorcycle club with a worldwide membership.

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Bank of North America

The President, Directors, and Company, of the Bank of North America, commonly known as the Bank of North America, was a private bank first adopted on May 26, 1781 by the Confederation Congress, chartered on December 31, 1781 and opened in Philadelphia on January 7, 1782.

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Banknote

A banknote (often known as a bill, paper money, or simply a note) is a type of negotiable promissory note, made by a bank, payable to the bearer on demand.

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Bankruptcy

Bankruptcy is a legal status of a person or other entity that cannot repay debts to creditors.

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Banks Peninsula

Banks Peninsula is a peninsula of volcanic origin on the east coast of the South Island of New Zealand.

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Bankside Power Station

Bankside Power Station is a decommissioned electricity generating station located on the south bank of the River Thames, in the Bankside area of the Borough of Southwark, London.

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Banneville-la-Campagne

Banneville-la-Campagne is a French commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region of north-western France.

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Banneville-sur-Ajon

Banneville-sur-Ajon is a former commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region of north-western France.

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Banns of marriage

The banns of marriage, commonly known simply as the "banns" or "bans" /bænz/ (from a Middle English word meaning "proclamation", rooted in Frankish and from there to Old French), are the public announcement in a Christian parish church or in the town council of an impending marriage between two specified persons.

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Bapaume

Bapaume is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region of northern France.

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Baphuon

The Baphuon (ប្រាសាទបាពួន) is a temple at Angkor, Cambodia.

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Baraka (film)

Baraka is a 1992 non-narrative documentary film directed by Ron Fricke.

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Barış Manço

Mehmet Barış Manço (born Tosun Yusuf Mehmet Barış Manço; (2 January 1943 – 31 January 1999), known by his stage name Barış Manço, was a Turkish rock musician, singer, songwriter, composer, actor, television producer and show host. Beginning his musical career while attending Galatasaray High School, he was a pioneer of rock music in Turkey and one of the founders of the Anatolian rock genre. Manço composed around 200 songs and is among the best-selling and most awarded Turkish artists to date. Many of his songs were translated into a variety of languages including English, French, Japanese, Greek, Italian, Bulgarian, Romanian, Persian, Hebrew, Urdu, Arabic, and German, among others. Through his TV program, 7'den 77'ye ("From 7 to 77"), Manço traveled the world and visited most countries on the globe. He remains one of the most popular public figures of Turkey.

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Barbary Wars

The Barbary Wars were a series of conflicts that culminated in two wars fought at different times over the same reasons between the United States, Sweden, and the Barbary states (the de jure possessions of the Ottoman Empire, but de facto independent, Tunis, Algiers, and Tripoli) of North Africa in the late 18th and early 19th centuries.

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Barbershop music

Barbershop vocal harmony, as codified during the barbershop revival era (1930s–present), is a style of a cappella close harmony, or unaccompanied vocal music, characterized by consonant four-part chords for every melody note in a predominantly homophonic texture.

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