Baryte: Mineral information, data and localities.
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Baryte

A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
This page kindly sponsored by Bill Dameron

About BaryteHide

Formula:
BaSO4
As a Commodity:
Colour:
Colourless, white, yellow, brown, grey, blue, etc.; colourless in transmitted light (also tinted yellow, brown, green, blue, etc.)
Lustre:
Vitreous, Pearly
Hardness:
3
Specific Gravity:
4.50
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Member of:
Name:
Named in 1800 by Dietrich Ludwig Gustav Karsten from the Greek βαρύς, heavy, due to its unusual heaviness for a non-metallic mineral.
Note. Although frequently spelled barite in the US and some other places, the official IMA spelling is baryte.

Baryte Group. Baryte-Celestine Series.
The barium analogue of celestine and anglesite.

Typically found as thick to thin tabular crystals, usually in clusters with the crystals growing parallel to one another, or nearly so. Also as bladed, white masses.




Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
549
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:549:0
GUID
(UUID V4):
46d864b3-6c7a-431b-b8c1-be78a7d5f634

IMA Classification of BaryteHide

Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
Ba(SO4)

Classification of BaryteHide

7.AD.35

7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
A : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) without additional anions, without H2O
D : With only large cations
Dana 7th ed.:
28.3.1.1
28.3.1.1

28 : ANHYDROUS ACID AND NORMAL SULFATES
3 : AXO4
25.4.17

25 : Sulphates
4 : Sulphates of Ca, Sr and Ba

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.

SymbolSourceReference
BrtIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43
BrtKretz (1983)Kretz, R. (1983) Symbols of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 68, 277–279.
BrtSiivolam & Schmid (2007)Siivolam, J. and Schmid, R. (2007) Recommendations by the IUGS Subcommission on the Systematics of Metamorphic Rocks: List of mineral abbreviations. Web-version 01.02.07. IUGS Commission on the Systematics in Petrology. download
BrtWhitney & Evans (2010)Whitney, D.L. and Evans, B.W. (2010) Abbreviations for names of rock-forming minerals. American Mineralogist, 95, 185–187 doi:10.2138/am.2010.3371
BrtThe Canadian Mineralogist (2019)The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download
BrtWarr (2020)Warr, L.N. (2020) Recommended abbreviations for the names of clay minerals and associated phases. Clay Minerals, 55, 261–264 doi:10.1180/clm.2020.30

Pronunciation of BaryteHide

Pronunciation:
PlayRecorded byCountry
Jolyon RalphUnited Kingdom

Physical Properties of BaryteHide

Vitreous, Pearly
Transparency:
Transparent, Translucent, Opaque
Comment:
Vitreous to Resinous, Pearly on cleavage surfaces.
Colour:
Colourless, white, yellow, brown, grey, blue, etc.; colourless in transmitted light (also tinted yellow, brown, green, blue, etc.)
Streak:
white
Hardness:
Hardness Data:
Measured
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Perfect
Perfect on {001}; less so on {210}; Imperfect on {010}.
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven
Density:
4.50 g/cm3 (Measured)    4.50 g/cm3 (Calculated)

Optical Data of BaryteHide

Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.636 nβ = 1.637 nγ = 1.648
2V:
Measured: 36° to 42°, Calculated: 36° to 40°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.012
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
weak r > v
Optical Extinction:
X = c; Y = b; Z = a.
Pleochroism:
Visible
Comments:
Brown: X = Straw-yellow, Y = Wine-yellow, Z = Violet;
Yellow: X = Light yellow-brown, Y = Yellow-brown, Z = Brown;
Green: X = Nearly colourless, Y = Light green, Z = Amethyst;
Blue-green: X = Blue-violet, Y = Bluish green, Z = Violet
Comments:
Absorption: Z > Y > X.

Chemistry of BaryteHide

Mindat Formula:
BaSO4

Chemical AnalysisHide

Crystallography of BaryteHide

Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) - Dipyramidal
Space Group:
Pnma
Setting:
Pnma
Cell Parameters:
a = 8.884(2) Å, b = 5.457(3) Å, c = 7.157(2) Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 1.628 : 1 : 1.312
Unit Cell V:
346.97 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Usually thin to thick tabular {001}, bounded by {210} alone or in combination with {101}, {011} or other forms. Also flattened {001}, and elongated to prismatic [010] or [100]. More rarely prismatic [001], or equant. Often as aggregates or clusters of tabular crystals with edges projecting into crest-like forms, or as rosettes. Also found as massive material, compact, laminated or concretionary; and in fibrous, stalactic, and earthy masses.

Crystallographic forms of BaryteHide

Crystal Atlas:
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Barite no.2 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Barite no.12 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Barite no.28 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Barite no.35 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Barite no.62 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
Barite no.325 - Goldschmidt (1913-1926)
3d models and HTML5 code kindly provided by www.smorf.nl.

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Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0000164BaryteColville A A, Staudhammer K (1967) A refinement of the structure of barite from Cow Green mine American Mineralogist 52 1877-188019670293
0000663BaryteMiyake M, Minato I, Morikawa H, Iwai S I (1978) Crystal structure and sulphate force constants of barite, celesite, and anglesite American Mineralogist 63 506-51019780293
0005145BaryteHill R J (1977) A further refinement of the barite structure The Canadian Mineralogist 15 522-52619770293
0005560BaryteJacobsen S D, Smyth J R, Swope R J, Downs R T (1998) Rigid-body character of the SO4 groups in celestine, anglesite and barite The Canadian Mineralogist 36 1053-106019980293
0017447BaryteJames R (1925) The Crystal Structures of Barytes, Celestine and Anglesite _cod_database_code 1010542 Proceedings of the Royal Society of London A109 598-62019250293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

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Radiation - Copper Kα
Data Set:
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
3.90 Å(50)
3.45 Å(100)
3.32 Å(70)
3.10 Å(100)
2.84 Å(50)
2.73 Å(50)
2.12 Å(80)
2.11 Å(80)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Geological Setting:
Commonly found as a gangue mineral in metallic ore deposits of epithermal or mesothermal origin; but it may also be found as lenses or replacement deposits in sedimentary rocks, both of hypogene and supergene origin.

Synonyms of BaryteHide

Other Language Names for BaryteHide

Varieties of BaryteHide

Angleso-bariteA plumbian variety of Baryte.
Baryte RoseRose-like aggregate of tabular baryte crystals.

See also Desert Rose.
Ca- and Sr-rich Baryte
CalcareobariteA calcian variety of Baryte.
Celestobarite (of Dana)A strontium-bearing variety of Baryte.
Cerian BariteContains 11 wt.% Ce2O3. From xenocrysts in kimberlites, associated with 'UM1984-36-SiO:CaNaZr' and banded Zr-Fe titanates.
HepatiteA variety of baryte that emits a fetid odour when struck. [Clark, 1993 - "Hey's Mineral Index"]
HokutoliteA Pb2+-rich (plumboan) variety of baryte deposited by very acid hot springs. Generally also contains minor strontium and minute traces of radium, making recently deposited hokutolite mildly radioactive (although this disappears over time and is no longer ...
MeißelspatGerman name for chisel-shaped baryte crystals.
MesserspatGerman name for bladed baryte crystals.
Literally 'knife spar'.
OakstoneA pseudostalactitic banded variety of crystalline Baryte.
Originally reported from Middleton Common, Middleton, Youlgrave, Derbyshire, England, UK.
Radian BariteA "variety" of baryte containing trace amounts of radium.
The activity of 226Ra in the material from Ohře Rift area, Czech Republic, may reach 8 Bq/g. Scaly precipitates on oil industry equipment may show a radioactivity as high as 103 Bq/g.

See also u...
SchohariteAn impure, fibrous Baryte.
Originally reported from Old Strontian Mine, Schoharie Township, Schoharie County, New York, USA.
Strontium-bearing BaryteA Sr-bearing variety of baryte. Material near the baryte end member of the Baryte-Celestine series.

Relationship of Baryte to other SpeciesHide

Member of:
Other Members of this group:
AnglesitePbSO4Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
CelestineSrSO4Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
HashemiteBaCr6+O4Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
Forms a series with:

Common AssociatesHide

Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
5,558 photos of Baryte associated with FluoriteCaF2
3,152 photos of Baryte associated with CalciteCaCO3
2,738 photos of Baryte associated with QuartzSiO2
1,141 photos of Baryte associated with PyriteFeS2
1,119 photos of Baryte associated with SphaleriteZnS
1,059 photos of Baryte associated with GalenaPbS
984 photos of Baryte associated with VanadinitePb5(VO4)3Cl
893 photos of Baryte associated with DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
728 photos of Baryte associated with ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
675 photos of Baryte associated with CerussitePbCO3

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

7.AD.CalciolangbeiniteK2Ca2(SO4)3 Iso. 2 3 : P21 3
7.AD.BubnovaiteK2Na8Ca(SO4)6Trig. 3m : P3 1c
7.AD.DobrovolskyiteNa4Ca(SO4)3Trig. 3 : R3
7.AD.MurphyitePb(Te6+O4)Mon. 2/m : P21/b
7.AD.CuprodobrovolskyiteNa4Cu(SO4)3Trig. 3 : R3
7.AD.KristjániteKNa2H(SO4)2Mon. 2/m
7.AD.05ArcaniteK2SO4Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
7.AD.05Mascagnite(NH4)2SO4Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
7.AD.10MercalliteKHSO4Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pbca
7.AD.15MiseniteK8H6(SO4)7Mon.
7.AD.20Letovicite(NH4)3H(SO4)2Tric.
7.AD.25GlauberiteNa2Ca(SO4)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
7.AD.25ThénarditeNa2SO4Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Fddd
7.AD.30AnhydriteCaSO4Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
7.AD.30MetathénarditeNa2SO4Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P63/mmc
7.AD.35AnglesitePbSO4Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
7.AD.35CelestineSrSO4Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Pnma
7.AD.35OlsacheritePb2(Se6+O4)(SO4)Orth.
7.AD.40KalistrontiteK2Sr(SO4)2Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : R3m
7.AD.40PalmieriteK2Pb(SO4)2Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : R3m
7.AD.45IvsiteNa3H(SO4)2Mon. 2/m : P21/b
7.AD.55MarkhininiteTlBi(SO4)2Tric. 1 : P1

Fluorescence of BaryteHide

Shades of yellow, occasionally orange or pink (LW UV). Shades of yellow, white (Franklin & Sterling Hill, NJ). May phosphoresce strongly greenish-white.

Other InformationHide

Magnetism:
Diamagnetic
Thermal Behaviour:
Inverts to another (monoclinic?) polymorph when heated to 1149°C. Above 1400°C decomposition to barium oxide, sulphur dioxide and oxygen.
Thermoluminescent at times.
Notes:
Insoluble in water, acids, and bases. Moderately soluble in hot, concentrated sulphuric acid, due to the formation of the hydrogen sulphate.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Industrial Uses:
Used as an additive in drilling fluids, as a white pigment, e. g. in cosmetic products and in paints, and as a filling material for polymers and papers, high contrast medium for medical X-rays. Also the main source of barium.

Baryte in petrologyHide

An essential component of rock names highlighted in red, an accessory component in rock names highlighted in green.

Internet Links for BaryteHide

References for BaryteHide

Reference List:

Significant localities for BaryteHide

Showing 70 significant localities out of 13,961 recorded on mindat.org.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia
 
  • New South Wales
    • Yancowinna Co.
      • Broken Hill district
Worner et al. (et al)
  • Queensland
    • City of Mount Isa
      • Mount Isa
        • Mount Isa Mines
R Bottrill collection. +1 other reference
  • South Australia
    • Roxby Downs
USGS Open File Report 81-1666 +6 other references
  • Tasmania
    • West Coast municipality
      • Rosebery district
        • Rosebery
Brathwaite (1969) +4 other references
Austria
 
  • Carinthia
    • Villach-Land District
      • Bad Bleiberg
Niedermayr et al. (1995)
Belgium
 
  • Wallonia
    • Hainaut
      • Chimay
        • Lompret
Harjo Neutkens collection. +1 other reference
    • Namur
      • Doische
Harjo Neutkens collection
Canada
 
  • British Columbia
    • Greenwood Mining Division
      • Grand Forks
Rocks & Minerals (xxxx) +3 other references
  • Nova Scotia
    • Hants Co.
      • Walton
Jambor et al. (1965) +3 other references
  • Québec
    • Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean
      • Le Fjord-du-Saguenay RCM
        • Saint-Honoré
          • Saint-Honoré carbonatite complex
Min Rec (1981)
DR Congo
 
  • Haut-Katanga
    • Kambove Territory
      • Kambove
Deliens (1996) +1 other reference
France
 
  • Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes
    • Haute-Loire
      • Brioude
        • Langeac
          • Marsanges
J.-J. Périchaud: "Les Minéraux ...
    • Puy-de-Dôme
      • Clermont-Ferrand
        • Saint-Saturnin
Belot (1978) +1 other reference
  • Occitanie
    • Gard
      • Le Vigan
        • Montdardier
Gol et al. (2010)
Gol D. (1996) +1 other reference
  • Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
    • Hautes-Alpes
      • Gap
        • Esparron
Thierry JEAN
    • Var
      • Draguignan
        • Tanneron
Belot (1978) +1 other reference
Germany
 
  • Baden-Württemberg
    • Freiburg Region
      • Ortenaukreis
        • Oberwolfach
Walenta et al. (1984) +2 other references
  • Schleswig-Holstein
    • Helgoland
Markus Gerstmann - Collection
Markus Gerstmann - Collection
Hungary
 
  • Baranya County
    • Pécs District
      • Kővágótöttös
Szakáll et al. (1996)
Ireland
 
  • Leinster
    • Longford County
      • Ballymahon
        • Keel
Barry Flannery (Personal Collection) +2 other references
  • Munster
    • Tipperary County
      • Silvermines District
Barry Flannery Collection and Stephen Moreton (Pers. Comm.) +2 other references
Gasparrini (1978) +5 other references
Italy
 
  • Sardinia
    • South Sardinia Province
      • Carbonia
        • Barbusi
Marco Macchieraldo collection +2 other references
  • Tuscany
    • Lucca Province
      • Stazzema
        • Pontestazzemese
Orlandi et al. (2004)
        • Sant'Anna di Stazzema
D'Achiardi A.
Namibia
 
  • ǁKaras Region
    • Oranjemund Constituency
      • Rosh Pinah
Min.Rec.: 20 (5) +2 other references
Norway
 
  • Telemark
    • Bamble
      • Tråk (Tråg)
Vogt (1908) +2 other references
Peru
 
  • Ancash
    • Bolognesi Province
      • Huallanca District
        • Huanzala
Hyrsl et al. (2003)
  • Huancavelica
    • Angaraes Province
Crowley et al. (1997)
  • La Libertad
    • Santiago de Chuco Province
      • Quiruvilca District
Min.Rec. 28 (1997)
Poland
 
  • Lower Silesian Voivodeship
    • Jawor County
      • Gmina Męcinka
        • Pomocne
Kowalski et al. (1982)
Romania
 
  • Maramureș County
    • Baia Sprie
Palache et al. (1951) +1 other reference
Slovakia
 
  • Trenčín Region
    • Ilava District
      • Horné Srnie
Gramblička R. (2006)
South Africa
 
  • Gauteng
    • West Rand District Municipality
      • Far West Rand
        • Western Sector
          • Carletonville
Cairncross et al. (2001) +1 other reference
Spain
 
  • Asturias
    • Corvera de Asturias
      • El Pontón de Solís
Calvo et al. (2006) +1 other reference
    • Llanera
      • Villabona
Milá et al. (1992) +1 other reference
  • Basque Country
    • Guipúzcoa (Gipuzkoa)
      • Zerain
Calvo Rebollar (2014)
  • Cantabria
    • Torrelavega
      • Viérnoles
Calvo Rebollar (2014)
  • Castile and Leon
    • León
      • Pola de Gordón
Calvo (2014)
UK
 
  • England
    • County Durham
      • Lunedale
Dunham K C. 1990. Geology of the ...
    • Cumbria
      • Eden
        • Murton
          • Scordale
Fluorite: The Collector's Choice. Extra ... +1 other reference
    • Devon
      • East Devon
        • Sidmouth
Corrie et al. (2003)
    • North Yorkshire
      • Richmondshire
        • Arkengarthdale
          • Langthwaite
Specimens offered by Lawsons from ... +1 other reference
          • Whaw
            • Northside Mines
Dunham Sir K C. Geology of the Northern ...
  • Scotland
    • Stirling
Dr Stephen Moreton
Ukraine
 
  • Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast
    • Ivano-Frankivsk Raion
Ewa Chojecka (1980) +1 other reference
USA
 
  • Colorado
    • Eagle County
      • Gilman Mining District (Battle Mountain Mining District; Red Cliff Mining District)
        • Gilman
Eckel et al. (1997)
    • Lake County
      • Leadville
        • Iowa Gulch
Eckel et al. (1997)
      • Upper Iowa Gulch
Eckel et al. (1997)
    • Mineral County
      • Creede Mining District
Rocks & Min.:57:62. +6 other references
    • Park County
      • Hartsel Mining District
Howland (1936) +1 other reference
    • Weld County
      • Stoneham
Rocks & Min.: 62:319.
  • Connecticut
    • Hartford County
      • New Britain
Moritz (n.d.)
Januzzi et al. (1976)
    • New Haven County
      • Cheshire
Rocks & Min.: 20:518. +11 other references
    • Tolland County
      • Somers
Bill Clark collection
  • Georgia
    • Bartow County
      • Cartersville Mining District
Matrix 10:4 pp 245-259
Hull (1920) +1 other reference
  • Nevada
    • Elko County
      • Bootstrap Mining District
Cook et al. (2002) +1 other reference
Castor et al. (2004) +1 other reference
  • Oklahoma
    • Cleveland County
      • Norman
Palache et al. (1951) +1 other reference
  • Pennsylvania
    • Lancaster County
      • East Hempfield Township
J. Wingard
  • South Dakota
    • Meade County
Roberts et al. (1965) +1 other reference
    • Pennington County
Smith et al. (2000)
  • Tennessee
    • Smith County
      • Carthage
Kyle (1976) +2 other references
  • Washington
    • King County
      • Snoqualmie Mining District
        • Middle Fork of the Snoqualmie River
Rick Dilhoff's collection
Lasmanis (1991)
 
矿物 and/or 产地  
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