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| PopBot BETA v1.5.0a | |
| Author: Michael Karpov | |
| Server ID: 776460775606583308 | |
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| tossup 1 went dead. -- 22:31, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This function of x is equal to the integral with respect to t from 1 to x of the function 1 over t. This function for a times b equals this function of a plus this function of b, and a similar formula can change division to subtraction. This function was first used in the early 1600's by English mathematician John (*) Napier, and one common technique used when working with these operations is a change of base. The natural type of these uses base e and the common type uses base 10. Name this operation, the inverse of exponentiation. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 SCOP Novice // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 2 went dead. -- 22:31, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This leader's tenure saw the imposition of the Community Charge, which was nicknamed the "poll tax" because it taxed every adult. This leader ordered the privatization of such companies as Jaguar and British Petroleum. John Major succeeded this Prime (*) Minister, who led Great Britain during the Falklands War. Name this Conservative British Prime Minister and friend of Ronald Reagan, nicknamed the "Iron Lady." | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 SCOP Novice // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 3 went dead. -- 22:31, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The "Spokes" of this celestial body were observed by Percival Lowell, although they turned out to be the blood vessels in his eye. A 1990 probe found evidence of lava flows on this planet. This planet's Lakshmi Planum plateau is home to Ishtar Terra, neither of which can be seen through the clouds of (*) sulfuric acid that create a "runaway" greenhouse effect in its atmosphere. Visited by the Magellan probe, name this planet, the closest in size to Earth and second nearest to the Sun. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 SCOP Novice // rd: Finals Round 1 | |
| tossup 4 went dead. -- 22:31, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This novel's protagonist is exiled for seven years when the accidental explosion of his gun kills a dead man's son, and that protagonist's son later converts to Christianity. This novel's sequel, centering on the protagonist's descendants, is No Longer at Ease, and the protagonist, known for being the best wrestler in Umuofia, takes part in the ritual killing of the boy Ikemefuna. For 10 points, name this novel about Nwoye's father Okonkwo, a work of Chinua Achebe. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 Fall Novice // rd: round04.doc | |
| ian. left the game -- 22:31, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| tossup 5 went dead. -- 22:31, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Abnormally high levels of this chemical are linked to pheochromocytoma[fee-oh-chromo-"sigh"-toh-mah] and other tumors in the sympathetic ganglia. Its synthesisbegins when tyrosine is converted into L-DOPA. It is created by the body in response to highlevels of (*) histamine, and it is administered to victims of cardiac arrest and anaphylaxis. Heartrate is regulated by, for 10 points, what hormone responsible for the "fight or flight" response? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 SCOP Novice // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 6 went dead. -- 22:31, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This author wrote about the smuggler Harry Morgan in To Have and Have Not. "The American" pressures Jig into getting an abortion in this man's short story "Hills Like White Elephants." His collection In Our Time includes many short stories about (*) Nick Adams, and a novella by this man sees Santiago struggle with a giant marlin. For 10 points, identify this American author of A Farewell to Arms and The Old Man and the Sea. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 SCOP Novice // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 7 went dead. -- 22:31, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The values of this quantity for ideal gas particles is described by the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution. Current density over charge density gives a "drift" type of this quantity. When the forces of drag and buoyancy are (*) equal to gravity, an object has a "terminal" value of this quantity. The rate of change in this vector quantity is acceleration. For 10 points, name this quantity equal to the rate of change in position. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 SCOP Novice // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 8 went dead. -- 22:31, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: These mathematical objects have inverses if and only if they are bijective. If one of these objectsis "onto," then its entire range is covered; if it is "one-to-one," it can pass the horizontal line test inaddition to the (*) vertical line test, which all of these objects can pass. For 10 points, give thismathematical term describing a relation for which each input has exactly one output, often written f(x) ["fof x"]. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 SCOP Novice // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 9 went dead. -- 22:31, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man was offered a crown by the Humble Petition and Advice; the earlier, John Lambert-written Instrument of Government had installed him in power. He formed the Barebones Parliament after dismissing the Rump Parliament in 1653. He led cavalry at (*) Marston Moor and Naseby, defeating the Royalists with his professional New Model Army. For 10 points, name this successor to Charles I, the Lord Protector of England. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 SCOP Novice // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 10 went dead. -- 22:32, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This ruler left Mardonius in charge of an army in Greece that would be defeated at Plataea. This ruler's navy took part in the Battle of Artemisium while his army defeated Greek forces led by King Leonidas. He sat on a throne atop a cliff while watching his navy lose at (*) Salamis [sal-ah-miss]. The son of Darius the Great, for 10 points, name this Persian emperor who won the Battle of Thermopylae [ther-mop-uh-lye] but lost the Greco-Persian Wars. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 SCOP Novice // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 11 went dead. -- 22:32, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In this country’s national epic, Bacchus disguises himself as a Christian priest in order to lure a crew into a Muslim ambush. A writer from this country used heteronyms such as Ricardo Reis (“rays”). The Lusiads are the national epic of this country. An author from this country wrote a novel in which this home country of Fernando Pessoa breaks off from Europe into the Atlantic Ocean. That author from this country wrote a novel where everyone except for the(*) Doctor’s Wife is inflicted with the title condition. For 10 points, name this country, home to the author of The Stone Raft and Blindness, Jose Saramago. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 WHAQ I // rd: 14 | |
| tossup 12 went dead. -- 22:32, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This author of Tales of the Alhambra used pseudonyms like "Jonathan Oldstyle." One of his short stories concerns Abraham Van Brunt and Katrina Van Tassel. In another, a Dutch settler falls asleep in the Catskill Mountains. A long-dead Hessian pursues (*) Ichabod Crane in one of this author's works. For 10 points, name this author, whose collection The Sketchbook of Geoffrey Crayon includes "Rip Van Winkle" and "The Legend of Sleepy Hollow." | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 SCOP Novice // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 13 went dead. -- 22:32, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: These objects contain alternating dark/light bands called ogives, which can form as basal sliding moves these objects over land. Ablation refers to the receding of these objects, which can form (*) drumlins and eskers as they leave behind debris, called moraine. Crevasses are deep cracks in, and tarns are lakes formed by the melting of, for 10 points, what large, land-based bodies of ice? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 SCOP Novice // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 14 went dead. -- 22:32, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The protagonist of this work reunites with a friend during a performance of Lucia diLammermoor and claims to be taking piano lessons in Rouen. In this novel, Hippolyte's leg isamputated after a failed attempt to fix his clubfoot. Burdened by debt and failed affairs withRodolphe (*) Boulanger [boo-lawn-JAY] and Leon Dupuis, the protagonist takes arsenic. Emma, thewife of Charles, is the title character of, for 10 points, what novel by Gustave Flaubert [floh-BAYR]? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 SCOP Novice // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 15 went dead. -- 22:32, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This mathematician's name is applied to the totient (TOH-shunt) function, and his eponymous characteristic is the number of vertices minus edges plus faces of a topological space. His identity states that his namesake number to the power of i x equals cosine of x plus sine of ix. This scientist went blind in one eye from a fever and later the other from a cataract. He solved the problem of the Seven (*) Bridges of Königsberg, thus pioneering graph theory. Name this scientist for whom is named the logarithmic base e, a Swiss mathematician. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 SCOP Novice // rd: Finals Round 1 | |
| tossup 16 went dead. -- 22:32, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: During one battle in this war, Jean de Gassion led a successful cavalry charge that allowed onecommander to encircle forces under Francisco de Melo. During another battle in this war, the bodyof a commander was hauled away in an artillery cart after he was killed leading cavalry into acloud of smoke, prompting Bernard of Saxe-Weimar to assume control of the army. That battlewas where the leader of the Black Cuirassiers, Field Marshal (*) Pappenheim died. A major battle inthis war was fought at Rocroi, at which the Prince de Condé decisively defeated several Spanish tercios aswell as one at which the "Lion of the North" defeated Johann Tserclaes, Count von Tilly. For 10 points,name this war, during which forces under Albrecht von Wallenstein killed Gustavus Adolphus. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 Cane Ridge Revival // rd: 13 | |
| tossup 17 went dead. -- 22:32, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: 8. In his youth, this character was prevented from killing a man by the maid Chiyoh, who then kept that man prisoner in a dungeon for years. A man is shot through a one-way mirror by Miriam Lass after she lost an arm and spent two years kept in a well by this character. This character conducts a series of tests in which he asks another character to draw clocks, which that character thinks he draws correctly despite actually putting all the numbers on one side. This character and Bedelia Du Maurier, who was played by (*) Gillian Anderson, escape to Florence, where this man was previously known as the city’s “monster” before he moved to Baltimore and was called the Chesapeake Ripper. For 10 points, name this character who was portrayed for three seasons on a namesake Bryan Fuller show by Mads Mikkelsen and who manipulated Will Graham while being a cannibalistic serial killer. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Chicago Open Trash // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 18 went dead. -- 22:32, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One work by this man opens by discussing whether Aeneas or Romulus truly built Rome. That work claims the Roman Republic succeeded because it possessed virtu. In another work, this author claimed that Fortuna affects the roles of humans in history before using an example of Maximilian's advisor Brother Luca to discuss why Flatterers should be avoided. This author of Discourses on Livy began another of his works by outlining the different types of principalities before it discusses different types of soldiers. That work claims mercenaries and auxiliaries are entirely useless and takes Cesare Borgia as an example of the title figure, who came to power by evil means. For 10 points, name this Florentine author of The Prince. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Illinois Fall Tournament // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 19 went dead. -- 22:32, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The Sava and the Unna were some of the rivers that formed the new boundaries dictated in this treaty, which saw Poland gain Podolya and southern Ukraine. Venetians gained Dalmatia and the Peloponnesus as a part of this treaty, but those gains were lost in a subsequent treaty negotiated in 1719. One side retained control over an area that was bounded by Danube to the south and the Mures river to the north, though a separate treaty signed in the year following this treaty saw the transfer of (*) Azov to Russia. The side that imposed this treaty had earlier slaughtered 20,000 of Mustafa II's men and forced another 10,000 to drown in the Tisza River at the Battle of Zenta. Signed by Leopold I, it was an outcome of a brilliant victory by Eugene of Savoy. For 10 points, the Holy League, led by the Hapsburgs, confirmed their victory over the Ottomans through what 1699 treaty? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 Minnesota Open // rd: Round 01 - Chicago A.doc | |
| tossup 20 went dead. -- 22:32, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The text Mirabilia Urbis Romae was written for the benefit of these people. These people wore a robecalled the sclavein, kept everything they owned in a single small bag called a "scrip," and carried large,blessed staffs to fight off wolves. Some of these people sewed cockle-shells into their hats, while othersreceived palm leaves and were therefore called "palmers." Monks organized hostels to house these people,whose main destinations included Santiago de Compostela. For 10 points, name these people who traveledto holy sites in the Middle Ages. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 NASAT // rd: 19 | |
| tossup 21 went dead. -- 22:32, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Guy Verhofstadt refused to allow this party to join the ALDE political alliance. This party was fined 50,000 euros for not protecting its members’ information on the Rousseau website, where this party votes on major decisions despite Rousseau being privately owned. This party’s ideology was described as (*) “Vaffanculo,” or “up yours,” by its founder, Beppe Grillo. After its coalition partner dissolved their alliance, this party allied with Matteo Renzi’s Democratic Party. Matteo Salvini ended Lega’s coalition with—for 10 points—what Italian populist political party? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 Prison Bowl // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 22 went dead. -- 22:33, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One work by this author notes that hemlock was often confused with fir and spruce, and concludes by describing the creation of "a world of fields and fences." Another of his works proposes "reading Frederick Jackson Turner backwards," begins with a journey to Green Lake, and describes the mechanisms used at "Porkopolis." Those works, an ecological history of New England settlement and a volume on "Chicago and the Great West," are Changes in the Land and Nature's Metropolis. He also wrote an (**) op-ed column about the "radical break" that quoted Joseph Welch's question, " Have you no sense of decency, sir, at long last?" "Alberta Darling" and "AFSCME" were among the (*) search terms indicated in Stephan Thompson's March 2011 Open Records Law request to search the university email account of this man who blogs at "Scholar as Citizen." For 10 points, name this professor of history and environmental studies at the University of Wisconsin. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Guerrilla at ICT // rd: Hoppes | |
| tossup 23 went dead. -- 22:33, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Repeated fractures of organizations of this type in Nepal have left two prominent ones, labeled “Unified” and “Centre.” At a 1935 meeting of organizations of this type, speeches were given by Wilhelm Pieck [peek] and Palmiro Togliatti [toll-YAH-tee]. Many organizations of this type operate via “democratic centralism.” Maurice Bishop led a short-lived organization of this type called the (*) New Jewel Movement in Grenada. Members of one organization of this type are called “Naxalites.” A peaceful organization of this type was created out of the defeated Spartacus League. Leaders of organizations of this type have historically met via Politburo Standing Committees. For 10 points, what kind of political party may be symbolized by a hammer and sickle? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 Early Fall Tournament (EFT) // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 24 went dead. -- 22:33, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Its paraventricular nucleus contains magnocellular and parvocellular cells that project into the median eminence. This organ's arcuate nucleus uses dopamine to suppress prolactin, which is unique since this organ normally has a stimulatory role, such as its release of GnRH leading to FSH and LH release. By communicating with the anterior pituitary gland, it is able to maintain homeostasis and metabolism by controlling body temperature, hunger, and thirst. For 10 points, name this portion of the brain linking the nervous system to the endocrine system and located above the brain stem and below the thalamus. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Harvard Fall Tournament // rd: 14 (Finals 1) | |
| tossup 25 went dead. -- 22:33, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: High intake of this compound can result in increased levels of microsomal cytochrome P450 enzymes. An enzyme that acts on this compound is believed to have developed from a glutathione-dependent enzyme which acts on formaldehyde. A method for testing for this substance relies on its ability to reduce dichromate to chromium(III). This compound is oxidized by an enzyme containing both a structural (*) zinc atom and an active site zinc. An arginine-to-histidine mutation in the enzyme that metabolizes this compound causes it to be metabolized to toxic acetaldehyde faster than the acetaldehyde can be converted to harmless acetic acid. While muscle cells produce lactic acid, yeast and bacteria form this compound from fermentation. For 10 points name this compound found in beer. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 Early Fall Tournament (EFT) // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 26 went dead. -- 22:33, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man's father proposed the Mapaspina circumnavigation expedtion and rebuilt Osornofollowing the Huilliche Rebellion. After serving at the Siege of Chillan, this man again followed JoseMiguel Carrera to the Battle of El Roble, where he shouted "Live with honor, or die with glory!"After he was deposed by Ramón Freire, this man was offered the post of governor of Concepción,though he declined and moved to the Cuiva and Montalvan plantations. This loser of the Battle ofLas Tres Acequias lost another significant battle to Mariano Osorio at (*) Rancagua, after which hejoined with an Argentinian colleague to lead the Army of the Andes to victory at Chacabuco and Maipu.For 10 points, name this son of Ambrosio, who ruled frm 1817 to 1823 after leading the liberation of Chile. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 College History Bowl // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 27 went dead. -- 22:33, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This country’s November Constitution created a joint parliament called the Rigsråd (REESE-road) to rule a captured territory in contravention of the London Protocol. In a neighboring country, Frederick, Duke of Austenberg became a nationalist icon after the death of one of this country’s monarchs. The first Red Cross armbands were worn by observers of this nation’s defeat at Dybbøl. This country’s king Christian IX was known as “the father-in-law of Europe” after his daughter Alexandra married Edward VII. The death of the last Oldenburg monarch of this country, Frederick VII, caused it to lose control of two duchies to its south because of Salic Law. For 10 points, name this country which contested the Schleswig-Holstein (SHLESS-wig-HOLE-styne) question with its southern German neighbors. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 NASAT // rd: 16 | |
| tossup 28 went dead. -- 22:33, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One ruler with this name did not react to seeing his daughter enslaved and his son about to be executed, but wept when he was approached by an old beggar. The first ruler with this name besieged Ashdod for 29 years and ordered a shepherd to raise two children without ever exposing them to human speech in an attempt to determine the world's oldest language. The third ruler with this name had his soldiers drink the blood of the sons of the traitorous general Phanes of Halicarnassus. A ruler with this name fulfilled a prophecy by using his bronze helmet to pour a libation and established his capital at (*) Saïs. A man who ruled between two men with this name lost the Battle of Carchemish to the Babylonians. The dynasty to which rulers of this name belonged collapsed after losing the Battle of Pelusium to Cambyses II, and included Necho II. For 10 points, give this name shared by three rulers of the 26th Dynasty, including one whose rule ended with the Persian occupation of Egypt. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 "stanford housewrite" // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 29 went dead. -- 22:33, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The speaker of a poem remembers these objects when “in a vacant or pensive mood” while enjoying the “bliss of solitude” on a couch. These objects “out-did the sparkling waves in glee” in the presence of a man to whom they provide “jocund company.” These objects, which are as “continuous as the stars that shine and twinkle on the Milky Way,” toss “their heads in a sprightly dance.” The speaker sees these objects “fluttering and dancing in the breeze” in a poem by the author of The Prelude. For 10 points, name these yellow flowers that serve as the primary subject of William Wordsworth’s “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud.” | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 ACF Fall // rd: Gettysburg A + Queen's A + Colorado A | |
| tossup 30 went dead. -- 22:33, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Two women in this novel complain about sexual inequality in a library that categorizes male authorsbefore female authors. A main character in this novel sleeps with a prostitute who quotes Bergsonand Hegel. In this novel, a character sticks a steak knife through the chest of a man who is trying tomake a flute out of the souls of animals that he paralyzes and (*) decapitates. An incident in it, in whichseveral students suddenly collapse on top of a hill during a field trip, grants the ability to speak to cats toNakata. The protagonist of this work has an alter ego named Crow and hides in a library managed by Oshimaand Ms. Saeki. For 10 points name this novel by Haruki Murakami about a fifteen-year-old who nameshimself after a famous Czech author. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 PADAWAN // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 31 went dead. -- 22:33, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The most direct treatment of this condition can lead to a non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema that presents similarly to ARDS and is called TRALI [“trolley”]. In susceptible individuals, this symptom can be caused by a virus with a single-stranded DNA genome that also causes a childhood exanthem in a “slapped-cheek” distribution. Its opposite can be caused by a para·neoplastic syndrome of renal cell carcinoma. Autoimmune diseases cause this general symptom because (*) hepcidin is an acute phase reactant and thus elevated in chronic immune stimulation, which is called “[this symptom] of chronic disease.” Mutations in spectrin can lead to a hereditary form of this condition called spherocytosis. High MCV and hypersegmented neutrophils are present in a form of it usually due to B12 or folate deficiency, and B12 deficiency is the culprit of its “pernicious” form. For 10 points, name this general condition most commonly caused by a lack of iron. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 Chicago Open // rd: 6 Hang + Sorice | |
| tossup 32 went dead. -- 22:33, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One disorder of this process is caused by mutations in a protein ordinarily stored in Weibel-Palade bodies. Antiphospholipid antibodies cause the aberrant activation of this process. Several components of this process contain Kringle domains, and is aberrantly activated in DIC. One method of assaying this process relies on mixing kaolin or silica with a sample stored in oxalate. Tissue factor activates one arm of the (*) cascade responsible for this process, most of whose factors are serine proteases that activate each other. This process, whose pathways include the kallikrein-dependent, intrinsic, and extrinsic pathways, is responsible for crosslinking a fibrin mesh. This process uses factors like prothrombin and thrombin. For 10 points, name this process which prevents people from bleeding to death through wounds. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 Penn Bowl // rd: Tiebreakers | |
| tossup 33 went dead. -- 22:33, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: These substances have a compressibility factor of 1, and each of their particles has an average kinetic energy of "three-halves k T." The Sackur-Tetrode equation gives the entropy of a monatomic one of these substances, which undergo completely elastic collisions and have no intermolecular attractions between particles. Two additional parameters allow the Van der Waals equation to more closely model real systems than these substances' namesake equation, which is a combination of Gay-Lussac's, Charles', and Boyle's laws. For 10 points, name these hypothetical substances whose namesake law states that "P V equals n R T." | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Prison Bowl // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 34 went dead. -- 22:33, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This metal is found in a mineral containing three atoms of sodium and six atoms of fluorine per formula unit. A chloride of this element is used as a catalyst in the Friedel-Crafts reaction. An oxide of this metal, (*) corundum, is used as an abrasive due to its hardness of 9.0 on the Mohs scale. The main source of this metal is bauxite, which is refined in the Bayer process to produce a pure oxide of this metal. This metal is then smelt through the Hall-Héroult process, which industrially uses electrolysis in a molten salt bath. For 10 points, name this silvery white metal with atomic number 13 and symbol Al. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 Prison Bowl X // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 35 went dead. -- 22:34, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Two answers required. Historical attempts to differentiate these groups include the married film producers Leila Roosevelt and Armand Denis making a documentary suggesting that one of these groups descended from “Hamitic invaders.” Political scientists Christian Davenport and Allan Stam described an attempt in the 1920s and 1930s to distinguish these groups, issue identity cards, and justify the decision to create a power structure that privileged the minority group, all based on phrenology. The supposedly lighter skin and greater height of members of one of these groups, which Europeans interpreted as meaning they were descended from ancient Egyptians, were likely the result of their protein-rich diet from cattle herding. RTLM broadcast the message “cut down the tall trees” after Juvenal Habyarimana died in a plane crash, precipitating genocide between, for 10 points, what two dominant ethnicities of Rwanda? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 ACF Nationals // rd: 1 - Editors | |
| tossup 36 went dead. -- 22:34, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Fighting began at this battle when the Sixth Army clashed with the IV Reserve Corps at the Ourcq River. Alexander von Kluck disobeyed orders during this battle by charging straight into Charles Lanrezac’s division. This battle was preceded by a withdrawal from Mons, known as the Great Retreat. After this battle, both sides attempted to utilize their respective enemy’s northern flank in the (*) “Race to the Sea.” Joseph Galleani ordered taxi drivers to ferry soldiers to and from this battle. For 10 points, name this battle which stopped the Schlieffen Plan from succeeding. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 RMBCT // rd: 14 | |
| tossup 37 went dead. -- 22:34, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One of these particles is emitted when a vacancy in an atom is filled in the Auger effect, and these particles were scattered off a nickel target to demonstrate their wave behavior in the Davisson-Germer experiment. These particles scatter photons in the Compton effect, and one experiment reached equilibrium between buoyant and gravitational forces on oil drops to measure the charge of these particles, an experiment conducted by Robert Millikan. This particle was discovered through a cathode ray experiment by J.J. Thomson, and its antiparticle is the positron. For 10 points, name this particle that orbits the nucleus with a negative charge. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Maggie Walker GSAC // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 38 went dead. -- 22:34, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: An emotional scene in this novel occurs when the protagonist mis-cuts a plug of tobacco, which causes her to be scolded by her husband. She talks back, and he hits her and refuses to talk to her. After that man dies, the woman leaves for Florida with a man who entertained her with checker games. At one point in this novel, the protagonist spends time "on de muck," picking beans. One character in this novel is infected with rabies by a dog, which causes him to attempt to shoot his wife. That wife was first married to Logan Killicks, who takes her from her home with Nanny, but later weds Tea Cake. For 10 points, identify this novel about Janie Stark, written by Zora Neale Hurston. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2008 ACF Regionals // rd: Illinois A | |
| tossup 39 went dead. -- 22:34, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This element’s fusion is the first step in the alpha process, and runaway fusion of this element and oxygen causes Type Ia (“one a”) supernovae when the mass exceeds the Chandrasekhar limit. Black dwarfs are made primarily of this element in a (*) crystallized form. This element, along with oxygen and nitrogen, acts as a catalyst for one type of hydrogen fusion in stars. In stars, this element is first created in the triple-alpha cycle, in which three helium-4 nuclei combine to form the nucleus of this element. White dwarfs are primarily made of, for 10 points, what element that usually has atomic mass of 12 and forms allotropes of graphite and diamonds? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 Prison Bowl X // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 40 went dead. -- 22:34, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The acceleration named for this person can take place when particles repeatedly cross the shock front caused by a supernova. The type of gas named for this person exerts pressure even at absolute zero. This person and Paul Dirac worked out the statistical distribution of particles that obey the Pauli Exclusion Principle, which is why such particles are named for this person. Those particles, which have non-integer spins, are contrasted with particles named for Satyendra Nath Bose. Name this Italian American who created Chicago Pile-1 in 1942, the first man-made nuclear chain reaction. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 NTSS // rd: 14 | |
| tossup 41 went dead. -- 22:34, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This nation's southern borderlands were the subject of the Log Revolution, which sought to isolate the town of Knin. In 1991, a man from this nation, Stjepan Mesic, was appointed nominal head of a country from which this nation was trying to secede. The Vukovar massacre occurred in this nation during its war for independence, which began shortly after a contested soccer match involving its Dinamo side and included Slobodan Milosevic's attack on its Dalmatian coastal city of Dubrovnik. For 10 points, name this Balkan nation with capital at Zagreb. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Collegiate Novice // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 42 went dead. -- 22:34, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This emperor produced Sixteen Maxims summarizing the core tenets of Confucianism in his “Sacred Edict.” In the final years of his reign, he had to arrest his eldest son, Prince Yinreng, who was a notorious pedophile. At the Battle of Jao Modo, he personally defeated the Dzungars (zun-gars) under Galdan Khan. This emperor often traveled in disguise as a commoner while touring southern China. During the regency of Oboi, he ordered the evacuation of Guangdong in the Great Clearance as part of his campaign against Koxinga (koh-SHIN-gah). His reign witnessed an uprising led by Wu Sangui (sahn-gway) known as the Revolt of the Three Feudatories. Wan Sitong edited most of the Míng Shǐ during the reign of this emperor, who sponsored a massive namesake dictionary. For 10 points, name this predecessor of the Yongzheng (yong-jeng) Emperor, who was the longest-reigning member of the Qing dynasty. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 ACF Nationals // rd: 21 - Oklahoma + Michigan B | |
| tossup 43 went dead. -- 22:34, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Mouse models that may be used to study this disease include Q175 and R6/2 (“R 6 slash 2”). Austedo is a deuterated derivative of a drug used to treat this disease. Populations around Lake Maracaibo have an abnormally high rate of this disease. This disease shows caudate and putamen atrophy on MRI, and the mutated protein in this disease is SUMOylated by Rhes. The first FDA-approved treatment for this disease is believed to act through VMAT2 inhibition and is called (*) tetrabenazine. This disease occurs with increasing frequency in successive generations in a process known as anticipation. This disease is classified as “full penetrance” if there are more than 40 CAG repeats, which cause excess glutamine in a polyQ region of the protein Htt. For 10 points, name this autosomal dominant genetic disease that causes its namesake jerky movements, called chorea. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 IMSAnity 5 // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 44 went dead. -- 22:34, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The protagonist of this novel gives sticks to a statue of Jesus and later smashes the statue when it does nothing with them. The mother of this novel's protagonist dies shortly after witnessing a man using a horse's head as bait while trying to fish for eels. Before becoming an engraver of gravestones in Dusseldorf, this novel's protagonist leads a gang called "The Dusters." The protagonist of this novel writes his (*) memoirs from an asylum after he finds a bloody finger in the field and confesses to Sister Dorothea's murder. This novel centers on a character who can shatter glass with his voice, and it is the first part of its author's "Danzig Trilogy." For 10 points, name this novel in which Oskar Matzerath refuses to grow up, written by Gunter Grass. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 PACE NSC // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 45 went dead. -- 22:34, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This nation’s missionary work was praised in Pius XII’s encyclical Saeculo exeunte, issued after it had signed the Concordat of 1940 with the Vatican. This European country’s prison camp at Tarrafal was run by the PIDE police. This country’s 1974 Eurovision entry “And After the Farewell,” was used as a signal for a coup by the (*) Armed Forces Movement. In its “Colonial War,” this country lost its colonies of Goa and Angola. The Carnation Revolution in this country overthrew Marcelo Caetano, the successor of a man who declared an Estado Novo. For 10 points, name this country formerly ruled by Antonio Salazar, an Iberian nation. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 HFT XI // rd: Finals 1 | |
| tossup 46 went dead. -- 22:34, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A useful "carrier" for this compound in some reactions is its adduct with two molecules of triphenylphosphine oxide. Red chemiluminescence can be indicative of this compound acting as a reducing agent. This compound and sulfuric acid comprise the etching agent in a piranha bath. In the gas phase, this compound belongs to the C2 point group as it adopts a gauche conformation whose geometry is often described as "open book". Raney nickel or palladium are used to regenerate a tricyclic aromatic molecule which catalyzes the production of this compound. A mixture of this compound and iron salts that is used to treat wastewater is Fenton's reagent. This compound is produced by the anthraquinone process and it is degraded by catalase. For 10 points, name this compound used to bleach hair whose formula is H2O2. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 NASAT // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 47 went dead. -- 22:34, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This quantity grows linearly in a system with zero energy density according to the Milne model. The energy density of a radiation-dominated universe is inversely proportional to the fourth power of this quantity, while vacuum energy density is entirely independent of it. This quantity is squared and multiplied by the spatial components of a homogeneous and isotropic but time-dependent metric whose parameter k determines the sign of the curvature of space. The time evolution of this quantity is governed by the (*) Friedmann equations, from which one can extract Hubble's constant as the logarithmic time derivative of this quantity. It increases monotonically in time, and it goes to zero at a point in the Robertson-Walker metric that we now interpret as the Big Bang. For 10 points, identify this cosmological quantity, symbolized a, which is a measure of the relative size of the universe. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 George Oppen // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 48 went dead. -- 22:34, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Three brothers who ruled this polity had the awesome nicknames "Achilles," "Irontooth," and "the Alchemist." The Treaty of Eltville ended a civil war in this polity that pitted the pretender "False Waldemar" against Louis I of the Wittelsbach dynasty. This polity's founder won a succession war after the death of the Hevelli prince Pribislav-Henry and made a red eagle its heraldic symbol. That member of the House of Ascania created this polity out of the Northern March and was named Albert the Bear. This polity gained control of Ravensberg and Cleves-Mark in the Treaty of Xanten under a ruler whose daughter Maria Eleonora married Gustavus Adolphus. That margrave of this polity, John Sigismund, was the grandfather of Frederick William the Great Elector. 10 points, name this polity in present-day northeastern Germany that formed a personal union with the Duchy of Prussia during the 17th century. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 ACF Nationals // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 49 went dead. -- 22:34, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This ethnic group's culture is celebrated in the largest street festival in Europe, a three-day carnival in earlyAugust. The Scarman Report blamed "Operation Swamp" for targeting these people with disproportionate use ofthe "sus law." In 1981, a misunderstanding over the treatment of Michael Bailey catalyzed a riot among thiscommunity that Margaret (*) Thatcher claimed "nothing" could justify. The beginning of the migration of thisethnic group is usually marked by the arrival of the Empire Windrush. "Jungle" and "dancehall" music werepopularized by this ethnic minority, which fought police in the Brixton riots. For 10 points, name this racialminority in the UK from the West Indies. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 VCU Open // rd: 11 | |
| tossup 50 went dead. -- 22:34, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The second chapter of this book illustrates how nobody is safe from unforeseen calamity by recounting how the HolyTeacher Yixing was banished for hitting on the consort Yang Guifei. One section of this book describes an artificial islandwhose building stones were inscribed with holy texts, built by a man who dies from an illness so severe that his body boilswater. This book's opening paragraph mentions the colorful sala flowers portending that the prosperous will decline andthe Gion Shoja bells signaling the impermanence of all things. This book's description of a mysterious fire that torched theImperial Palace was related in the earlier "An (*) Account of My Hut." Its thirteenth and final chapter, an "Initiates' Book,"describes how the Empress Kenreimon'in joins a Buddhist convent after her infant son drowns at the Battle of Dan-no-ura. For 10points, name this account of the Gempei War between the Taira and Minamoto clans, a national epic of Japan. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Minnesota Open // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 51 went dead. -- 22:35, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: 16. Particles with behavior between that of bosons and fermions called anyons (any-ons) can only exist in systems with limited values for this quantity. Systems with differing values for this quantity may be treated equivalently through compactification. Hermann Weyl's treatment of the anthropic principle notes that Maxwell's treatment of electromagnetism would not hold if the universe had a different value for this quantity. Attempts to solve the hierarchy problem often increase this value to account for the (*) graviton. This quantity equals 11 in M-theory. This value for a brane is one larger than that of a string. In Minkowski space, this quantity is 4 due to treating space and time as a continuum. For 10 points, name this quantity, which is typically treated as 3 for space. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 PACE NSC // rd: 23 - Finals 2 | |
| tossup 52 went dead. -- 22:35, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This quantity for conductive electrons in a metal is equal to one third pi squared times the density of states at the Fermi level times t times the square of k sub b. The Equipartition Principle predicts that each degree of freedom contributes 1/2 R to the molar version of this quantity for an ideal gas, though this is only valid at high temperatures. This is the change in internal energy over the change in temperature. At low temperatures, the corresponding values are 3/2 R for a monoatomic gas and 5/2 R for a diatomic gas. When performing an experiment in a bomb calorimeter, it is important to know this value for the calorimeter. For 10 points, name this constant that when multiplied by the amount of heat applied to a system at constant volume gives the change in temperature. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 ACF Regionals // rd: Yale B + Bellarmine | |
| tossup 53 went dead. -- 22:35, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A poem written in this language contrasts the “golden hair” of Margarete [“mar-guh-RET-uh”] with the “ashen hair” of Shulamith, and begins by describing the “black milk of daybreak we drink at nightfall.” A collection written in this language includes a poem inspired by Picasso’s Family of Saltimbanques, and another that declares “beauty is nothing but the beginning of terror.” Paul Celan’s “Death Fugue” was written in this language, as was a poem that ends “You must change your life.” An Italian castle inspired a set of 10 mystical poems in this language that opens “Who, if I cried out, would hear me among the Angelic Orders?” For 10 points, what language was used for the Duino Elegies by Austrian poet Rainer Maria Rilke? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 ACF Fall // rd: Editors 1 | |
| tossup 54 went dead. -- 22:35, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: They’re not aromatic, but halogenating these molecules with the aid of ultraviolet light proceeds through a free radical mechanism. The orientation of substituents in these molecules can be visualized, two carbons at a time, using Newman projections. The number of hydrogen atoms in the linear and branched forms of these molecules is two plus twice the number of (*) carbon atoms in the molecule, meaning their degree of unsaturation is zero. Cyclohexane and ethane are examples of, for ten points, what hydrocarbons which possess only carbon-carbon single bonds, unlike alkenes and alkynes? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 LIST (Ladue Invitational Spring Tournament) VI // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 55 went dead. -- 22:35, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The second ruler of this name had his palace expanded by court architect Raimondo D'Aronco and handled two uprisings at Sasun, as documented by Reverend Cyrus Hamlin. According to legend, the first ruler of this name took a girl named Aimée du Buc de Rivéry as his consort after she was captured by pirates - she then took the name Nakshidil and introduced French customs to his court. During the year that ruler of this name ascended to power, his army was decimated at the Battle of Kozluca and he had to consent to the Treaty of Kuchuk Kainarji. The second ruler of this name moved his seat of government to Yildiz Palace. The Dashnak Association attempted to assassinate that ruler with a bomb-loaded carriage. That ruler of this name set up an absolute monarchy, bringing an end to the First Constitutional Era and the Tanzimat reforms. That ruler was bestowed a nickname by William Gladstone in reaction to his policies in Armenia. For 10 points, give this name of an Ottoman ruler called the "Red Sultan," who was deposed in 1909 through the effort of the Young Turks. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 ACF Nationals // rd: 14 | |
| tossup 56 went dead. -- 22:35, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Prior to this battle, the Hornet and Enterprise were sent on a surprise bombing mission, leaving them out of the US fleet. The other side in this battle wished to secure the island of Tulagi and its harbor. On May 7, the first major day of battle, the Kikuzuki and the Shoho were both destroyed, and the next day the Shokaku was forced to retreat. The Yorktown escaped major damage from the Japanese attack, but the Lexington was destroyed. For 10 points, name this battle fought over control of Port Moresby, a 1942 naval battle that notably featured no ship-to-ship combat, fought in a namesake body of water that is home to the Great Barrier Reef. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2008 ACF Fall // rd: ACF Fall 2008 - Yale A + Michigan.doc | |
| tossup 57 went dead. -- 22:35, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: During this man's reign, Archbishop Alphege was taken hostage during an invasion. This monarch issued the Edicts of Enham and Bath to promote nationwide fasting. His ascendance to the throne was aided by Elfrida's murder of his half-brother, and this king's reign was characterized by turbulence with a certain group, culminating in the St. Brice's Day Massacre. After this man's death and the short reign of his son Edmund Ironsides, the throne would not return to the kingdom of Wessex until Edward the Confessor in 1042. For 10 points, name this Anglo-Saxon king whose unfortunate nickname signified that he was poorly counseled, not unprepared. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 Penn Bowl // rd: Yale B.doc | |
| tossup 58 went dead. -- 22:35, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A painter in this play praises unfinished paintings, especially Michelangelo's Virgin and Child with the Angels. In this play's most romantic gesture, a man kisses his wife all over her face, saying "I bless thee: temporo·mandibular joint, I bless thee: buccal artery and nerve," and so forth. A character in this play hires the morally upstanding Elizabeth as a wet nurse because Elizabeth's child has recently died, and because she believes morality travels through milk. Aside from the final scene, in which Mrs. (*) Givings and her husband make naked snow angels and have sex outside, this play is entirely set in a living room and an adjoining operating theater. For 10 points, name this comedy about the treatment of hysteria in the Victorian era, written by Sarah Ruhl. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 Scattergories // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 59 went dead. -- 22:35, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: After one of these events, William Thomas Turner was investigated by the Board of Trade for not “zig-zagging.” Robert Lansing took his highest office in the aftermath of one of these events. The Marconi radio company received a massive publicity boost for its role in a (*) 1912 one of these events. Robert Ballard is best-known for exploring the sites of these events. William Jennings Bryan resigned after one of these events that hastened America’s entry into WWI, since British propagandists claimed that the Germans’ U-20 had targeted a completely civilian vessel. For 10 points, name this type of disaster that befell the Lusitania and the Titanic. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 BHSAT // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 60 went dead. -- 22:35, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Operation Flipper was a disastrous attempt to raid the headquarters of this man, who personally directed the use of 80-millimeter anti-aircraft guns against tanks during the Battle of Arras. In this man's final military post, he set up a large array of wooden posts to prevent glider landings, known as his "asparagus." Operation Crusader lifted this man's siege of Tobruk. This man was forced to evade a line of land mines and barbed wire stretching to the Qattara Depression, which he called "devil's gardens," resulting in his defeat by Bernard Montgomery. After his implication in the July Plot to assassinate Hitler, this man committed suicide to remain a hero for his service at Kasserine Pass and El Alamein. For 10 points, name this Nazi commander of the Afrika Korps, nicknamed "Desert Fox." | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 ACF Regionals // rd: Penn B + HS contributors + Editors 2 | |
| tossup 61 went dead. -- 22:35, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: An simple-to-use small signal model for these elements is the piecewise linear model. Although it is normally treated as equal to one, the exponential term in an equation for these elements has an emission coefficient or ideality factor multiplying the thermal voltage. Smoothing capacitors are most commonly used by inserting them in parallel with one of these elements in a half-wave rectifier. These nonlinear elements have a "knee" point in their I-V curves at around 0.7 volts, beyond which the current rapidly increases to infinity. These elements are represented as a sideways triangle with a vertical line at its tip. For 10 points, name these circuit elements that permit current flow in only one direction. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 NASAT // rd: 15 | |
| tossup 62 went dead. -- 22:36, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The historian Paulus Orosius accredited this people's takeover of his province with the restoration of its former vitality. One scholar under this people's rule collected much of the knowledge of antiquity in his Etymologiae. They suffered a major defeat at on Easter Sunday at Pollentia and shortly thereafter were also repulsed at Verona. Leander converted one king of this people, Reccared, from Arianism to Catholicism. Clovis expelled these people from Toulouse at the Battle of Touille and their most famous ruler frequently clashed with magister militum, Stilicho. Tariq al-Ziyad, who had led a force of Berbers from Morocco, defeated their last king, Roderick at Guadelete in 712, effectively ending their hegemony in Spain..Ruled by men like Theoderic the Great, for 10 points, name these people, who sacked Rome under Alaric. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Penn Bowl // rd: Virginia | |
| tossup 63 went dead. -- 22:36, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One character in this work discusses devotion with Emily in telling how one of his ancestors is stitched in the Bayeux Tapestry. The imaginary Mr. Lies appears to one character in this work during a hallucination set in Antarctica, while the story of the 1906 San Francisco earthquake is retold to Belize in another part of it. The ghost of Ethel Rosenberg haunts the Mormon lawyer protagonist of this work, who had offered a post in the Justice Department to Joe Pitt, who turns it down but is left by his wife Harper. Louis leaves his AIDS-ridden partner Prior Walter at the end of the work, which stars Roy Cohn. "Millennium Approaches" and "Perestroika" are the two parts of, for 10 points, which play, subtitled "A Gay Fantasia on National Themes" and written by Tony Kushner? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 ACF Winter // rd: ACF Winter 2010 - Carleton + Sandy Huang + WUSTL.pdf | |
| tossup 64 went dead. -- 22:36, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The CASPEr experiment will try to detect axions via measurement of this type of effect. Considering an object undergoing Fermi-Walker transport is useful to derive the Bargmann-Michel- Telegdi equation for one type of this effect. Successive Lorentz boosts create an effect partially named for Wigner which, when applied sequentially yields this effect. Gravity (*) Probe B observed the geodetic effect, a type of this effect also named for Lense and Thirring. The equinoxes undergo this movement on a 26,000 year cycle. Newtonian predictions erred by 43 arcseconds per century in their value for this effect in the perihelion of Mercury's orbit. For 10 points, name this effect, coming in varieties named for Thomas and Larmor, which causes the axis of a top or gyroscope to wobble. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 WAO // rd: Editors 2 | |
| tossup 65 went dead. -- 22:36, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One minister under this man was later killed for plotting against Papa Doc Duvalier, and his nation was sanctioned after a car bombing in Caracas wounded, but did not kill, Romulo Betancourt. He also ordered the killings of the Mirabal Sisters, and the failure of general Pupo Roman to act following this man's death allowed Johnny Abbes Garcia to catch and punish most of his assassins. He ordered the Parsley Massacre and negotiated a treaty with Cordell Hull. For 10 points, name this dictator of the Dominican Republic who was assassinated in 1961 who received significant US support as a result of his stance against Communism. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Prison Bowl // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 66 went dead. -- 22:36, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: 1. A writer used this language to describe the debilitating illness afflicting him as "mattress-grave," and wrote Almansor, which contains the line "They that begin by burning books will end by burning people." A poem in this language asks "Will the despotism of the earthly never cease?"; the author of that poem wrote a novel in which the title character, Henry, search outs a blue flower. This language was used to write Hymns to the (*) Night, a collection by Novalis. It was also used by a different 19th-century poet for a poem about a golden-haired creature who leads sailors to their death. A poem known as "The Lorelei" was written by Heinrich Heine, who employed, for 10 points, what language used by Weimar classicists? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 PACE NSC // rd: 17 | |
| tossup 67 went dead. -- 22:36, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This object belongs to a boy named Kenneth in the unpublished short story, "The Ocean Full ofBowling Balls." One character throws an essay on this object in the trash because it was on the wrongsubject, leading to a fight between him and his roommate. Jane Gallagher is the only non-family member tohave seen this object, which is covered by poems written in green ink. This object belonged to aleft-handed boy who died on July 18, 1946 of leukemia. That night, his brother, who now treasures thisobject, broke all the windows in the garage. For 10 points, name this object kept by Holden Caulfield andwhich was presumably used by his brother Allie to catch fly balls | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 NASAT // rd: 15 | |
| tossup 68 went dead. -- 22:36, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one scene in this novel, the narrator claims that the "greatest weight [he has] on [his] conscience" comes from when he breathed on a cocoon to get a butterfly to emerge and was horrified when it emerged with crumpled wings and died in his palm. The narrator of this novel has a dream in which his friend's arm detaches and floats over to grip him with an icy grasp, presaging that friend's death from pneumonia. While reading Dante, the narrator of this novel sees the title character staring at him from behind a glass door, after which he announces his plans to travel to (*) Crete. In this novel, the narrator works on his manuscript on the Buddha as the title character manages a lignite mine and seduces Madame Hortense with his cimbalom. For 10 points, name this novel by Nikos Kazantzakis. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 EMT // rd: 14 | |
| tossup 69 went dead. -- 22:36, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one novel in this language, a man who suffers from "white-ache" falls back in love with his wife at a lake where all animals are frozen in time. People who speak this language are characterized as "the nice middle class" in a short piece about the name of the author of One Day I Will Write About This Place. In a novel in this language, the non-Pentecostal Voice of Truth radio broadcast runs propaganda and the protagonist relishes the deaths of Settler Williams and John Boy. In another novel written in this language, the protagonist fails an interview at the queue-plagued Eldares Construction Company, and an inflating leader whose advisors have artificially enlarged body parts attempts to obtain Global Bank funding for his Babel-like project Marching to Heaven. This language's use for oral storytelling is contrasted with the institutionalization brought by English in Decolonizing the Mind. For 10 points, name this language used to write Wizard of the Crow by Ngugi wa Thiong'o. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 Chicago Open // rd: 15 | |
| tossup 70 went dead. -- 22:36, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This person was finally defeated after a boxing-in campaign of ditch-digging and wall-building trapped this person inBruttium, where the decisive Battle of the Siler River was fought. Despite an early setback near Mount Garganus, thisperson defeated the inept Publicola and Clodianus. In one battle, this tactician instructed troops to climb down the side ofa mountain with ropes made from vines, thus ambushing the enemy commander Glaber. Alongside (*) Crixus andOenomaus, this Thracian led an army that was thwarted when Cilician pirates reneged on their agreement to take two thousandmen to Sicily. This person led a revolt that was put down by Crassus, a victory for which Pompey stole all the credit. For 10points, name this leader of the Third Servile War, a former gladiator whose followers were crucified along the Appian Way. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Minnesota Open // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 71 went dead. -- 22:36, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One man of this name was put to death along with the poet Lentulus Gaeticulus after conspiring to assassinate his brother-in-law. That man was married to Drusilla, the sister of the man who eventually had him killed, Caligula. Another man of this name made an unsuccessful assassination attempt in 30 BCE, becoming the first man to try to murder an Emperor when he failed to kill Augustus. The most famous man of this name served as consul in 46 BCE before becoming pontifex maximus and, after the battle of Mutina, he joined with Mark Antony to march on Rome. FTP, name these Romans, the last of whom later assisted Octavian against Pompey as the third member of the Second Triumvirate. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2006 ACF Regionals // rd: Chicago B - Harvard B.doc | |
| tossup 72 went dead. -- 22:36, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Food is transported through these organisms by means of the leptome, which consists of cells surrounded by water-conducting hydroid cells. The largest organism of this type is the Dawsonia superba which can grow to 20 inches tall, unusual for these organisms because they only grow when hydrated. They aren't ferns, but these organisms rely on spores rather than flowers to reproduce. They are classified, along with liverworts and hornworts, into a division of plants that lack vascular systems. For 10 points, name these small plants which often grow in clumps on tree bark and rocks and are classified as bryophytes. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 Prison Bowl // rd: 15 | |
| tossup 73 went dead. -- 22:36, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One obscure pathway that results in the reagents used to form this class of chemicals opens with a Pinacol rearrangement of deoxyxyluose; a better-understood pathway that results in an unequal yield of those reagents is the mevalonate pathway. These chemicals form when protic attack resulting from abstraction of OPP groups yields DMAPP radicals, which then combine with one another and with (*)Â isopentyl diphosphate and undergo stereospecific deprotination, thus forming open-chain varieties of these polymers. Pyrolysis of these compounds led Otto Wallach to posit a rule regarding their structure that is sometimes called the C5 rule but more often named for their monomer. For 10 points, name this family of polymers characterized as built from 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene, a unit of five carbons and eight hydrogens also known as isoprene. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 Chicago Open // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 74 went dead. -- 22:37, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A character in this book describes how “I incline to Cain’s heresy… I let my brother go to the devil in his own way.” A “Sawbones” in this novel who is “as emotional as a bagpipe” turns “sick and white with the desire to kill” another character in this novel. In a “full statement” at the end of this novel, one of the central characters describes how Poole was unable to find any salt in London and mourns the last time he “can think his own thoughts or see his own face (now how sadly altered!) in the glass.” Richard Enfield goes on frequent walks with Gabriel Utterson in this book, during which he tells of a man who was more like a juggernaut than a person. For 10 points, name this novel by Robert Louis Stevenson about a scientist who creates a potion which turns him into a monstrous alter-ego. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 NASAT // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 75 went dead. -- 22:37, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One work by this author is a sequence of poems including Ecce Homo, Peace in War, and several named for body parts of Jesus on the cross including Crown, Forehead, and Eyes. Joaquin Monegro arranges for the title character to paint the portrait of Helena and feels that he has been betrayed when they become lovers in one novel, and Lazaro assists the title character in his spiritual work in another narrated by Angela Carballino. In one novel, this man depicts himself asserting his dominance over the protagonist as his creator and shows the piano teacher Eugenia abuse the helpless Augusto Perez. FTP, name this Spanish author of The Christ of Velazquez, Abel Sanchez, Saint | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 Tyrone Slothrop Literature Singles // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 76 went dead. -- 22:37, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The graduates of one school for these people supposedly used a technique called "reverse egg flow" that gave men visions of their death while having sex. The most famous of these people has been inaccurately claimed to have been killed with burning oil in a naval battle in the Inland Sea. The construction of "nightingale floors" that "chirp" when stepped on was a means of countering these people. After copying an enemy lantern design, a group of these people infiltrated and burned (*) Sawayama Castle. The Kōga and Iga clans were the most famous and prolific in producing these people, represented by Mochizuki Chiyome and Hattori Hanzō, respectively. For 10 points, name these covert operatives of feudal Japan, often depicted in the West as super soldiers in black or teenage mutant turtles. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 FRENCH // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 77 went dead. -- 22:37, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: After Margaret Nicholson tried to stab this man, he responded, “this poor creature is mad; do not hurt her. She has not hurt me.” This king blocked the passage of the East India Bill, which would have nationalized the East India Company. After this king passed the Papists Act, protestors dubbed him “King Mob” during the Gordon Riots. Due to his (*) porphyria, this king’s son presided over the Regency. This king issued the Proclamation of 1763, forbidding all western expansion past the Appalachians, and refused to read the Olive Branch Petition. For 10 points, name this Hanoverian king who ruled the United Kingdom during the American Revolution. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2020 CALISTO // rd: 11 | |
| tossup 78 went dead. -- 22:37, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Trevor Bryce traced the origin of a class of these people’s priestesses to their roles as midwives, explaining their name hasawas, meaning “she at birth.” The archaeologist W. G. Hamilton discovered one of these people’s cities, whose south entrance is flanked by two sphinxes. 64 of these peoples’ gods are carved in procession in reliefs from Chamber A of the rock sanctuary at Yazilikaya. These people ruled an empire from a city that had been cursed by (*) Anitta, a ruler from Kussara who had razed that city in 1700 BC. A ruler of these people who ended the Amorite dynasty of Babylon was succeeded by a man who codified the rules of succession in the Edict of Telepinu. An empire ruled by these people achieved its territorial zenith under Suppiluliuma I (“SUP-il-oo-lee-OO-mah the first”). The world’s oldest peace treaty is recorded on tablets found in these peoples’ capital, Hattusa. For 10 points, name these people who fought the Battle of Kadesh against Ramesses II. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2020 Terrapin // rd: 15 (Finals 2) | |
| tossup 79 went dead. -- 22:37, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A king by this name came to power by publicly executing the previous ruler nicknamed “son of the water carrier,” or Bacha-e Saqaw (bah-chah-ee SAH-kow), but after four years of rule he was shot and killed at a high school graduation ceremony by the rebel Abdul Khaliq in 1933. A much earlier ruler of this name required his subjects to wear a hat with four peaks named for him, and won an early victory as army chief at the Battle of Damghan, and then built a city named for himself after destroying the Hotaki Dynasty. That ruler of this name developed a Sunni school known as Ja’farism and fought a two-year war against the Lezgins in Dagestan after they killed and desecrated the corpse of his brother Ebrahim. That ruler of this name, who gouged out the eyes of his eldest son Reza Qoli Mirza, won the Battle of Karnal, after which he plundered the Red Fort. For 10 points, give the name of this Shah who ruled Iran after the Safavid Dynasty and captured the Mughal Dynasty’s Peacock Throne. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 ACF Nationals // rd: 20 - NYU + Johns Hopkins B | |
| tossup 80 went dead. -- 22:37, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: These men lived in the Quirinal Palace, and some consider Linus to be the first of these. One holder of this position moved its headquarters to Avignon, and another fought Henry IV in the Investiture Controversy. The son of one of these is discussed in The Prince, while another formed the League of Cambrai, was known as "the Warrior [This]", and had his tomb (*) designed by Michelangelo. Held by Rodrigo Borgia and Julius II, name this position currently held by Benedict XVI, the head of the Catholic Church. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 SCOP Novice // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 81 went dead. -- 22:37, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A poem inspired by a visit to this present-day country notes that “maps can really point to places / Where life is evil now,” to substantiate its opening claim that “Here war is simple like a monument.” After visiting this country in 1934, Langston Hughes urged it to “Crush the enemies of land and bread and freedom,” in a poem beseeching it to “Roar!” A set of “sonnets from” this country were extracted the travel book Journey to a War, co-written by Christopher (*) Isherwood and W.H. Auden. A poet developed the “ideogrammic method” of composition while consulting notes on the prosody of this country written by art historian Ernest Fenollosa, allowing him to translate a poem urging its addressee to “please let me know beforehand” so that the speaker can “come out to meet you, / As far as Cho-fu-sa.” For 10 points, Ezra Pound’s volume Cathay contains translations by poets from what country, such as Li Po? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 It's Lit // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 82 went dead. -- 22:37, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Methods for designing these devices include the Woodward-Lawson method, Orchard method, andSchelkunoff polynomial method. A former bible of these devices was written by John Kraus, whointroduced the helical and corner-reflector types of them. An important phenomenon that leads to powerloss in these devices is polarization mismatch. Effective area and directivity are two characteristics of thesedevices, whose important design parameters include the far-field pattern. The simplest example of thesedevices usually has its ends capacitively loaded to create a uniform current distribution; that simplestexample of these devices is the Hertzian dipole. These devices provide a transition between a guided waveand a free-space wave. For 10 points, identify these devices used to radiate and receive radio waves. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 VCU Open // rd: 15 | |
| tossup 83 went dead. -- 22:37, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Two answers required. A 12-day prison takeover in one of these countries began when inmates from the other country revolted, and was resolved by the negotiation of Weldon Kennedy. A mass exodus of citizens from one of these countries to the other began when a bus was intentionally crashed through a Peruvian embassy. One of these nations formed the secret army Operation 40 using exiles from the other nation. After one of these nations shot down two planes belonging to the group Brothers to the Rescue, the other retaliated with the Helms-Burton Act. In a Pulitzer Prize-winning photo, an agent from one of these countries points a submachine gun at a screaming child hiding in a closet. An ambassador to the UN from one of these nations demanded an answer from Valerian Zorin regarding existence of nuclear missiles in the other nation. One of these nations declared an embargo against the other after dictator Fulgencio Batista was overthrown. For 10 points, name these two countries, whose leaders Barack Obama and Raul Castro have recently worked to improve relations. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 ACF Nationals // rd: Berkeley A | |
| tossup 84 went dead. -- 22:37, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In the last act of this play, one of its characters appears clean-shaven and well-dressed for the first time, but can’t choke out any coherent words. A character in this play is repeatedly surprised that people know what the fried bread she made is, and serves up cornflakes for breakfast until she runs out. In an interrogation in this play, another character is asked “is the number 846 necessary or possible?” and answers “both!” A character “knows” that she was the “belle of the ball” at the title event of this play, which Petey skipped to play chess, but which Goldberg and McCann were glad to attend. For 10 points, name this play in which Meg gives Stanley Webber a drum before the title celebration, by Harold Pinter. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 NASAT // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 85 went dead. -- 22:37, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man called on the Southern Hemisphere to create “one, two, many Vietnams” in his Message to the Tricontinental. This man promoted “el Hombre Nuevo” as a way of breaking with outdated ideals of individualism. He is the subject of Alberto Korba’s (*) Guerillo Heroico. After leading armed revolution in the DRC he was eventually captured and shot by CIA hitmen in Bolivia. He had his first encounter with the poor on a motorcycle trip throughout South America. For 10 points, name this Argentine-born, beret-wearing co-leader of the Cuban Revolution. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 GSAC XXIII // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 86 went dead. -- 22:38, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In a novel set in this country, a refugee camp is left by Kainene to get supplies for her sister Olanna. In a play set here, the servant Joseph hates to look at the costumes at a costume ball. In this home of Half of a Yellow Sun author Chimamanda Adichie, a "praise-singer" talks to a local leader whose son commits ritual suicide despite colonial officer Simon Pilkings' efforts. The play Death and the King's Horseman is set in this country, as is a novel featuring the evangelist Mr. Brown, a failed yam harvest, and two boys killed in Umuofia by Okonkwo. For 10 points, name this home of Wole Soyinka, the African country where Chinua Achebe wrote Things Fall Apart. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 BHSAT // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 87 went dead. -- 22:38, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Kenneth Westhues said this event was caused by "workplace mobbing" and disputed the conclusions of the Massengill Report. For his heroic actions in this event, Liviu Librescu was posthumously honored by Romania. It was carried out by the author of the plays Mr. Brownstone and Richard McBeef. For failing to promptly notify people about the beginning of this event, an institution was fined thousands under the Clery Act, a fine overturned in 2012 but partially reinstated by Arne Duncan. NBC News was criticized for airing the DVD manifesto this event's perpetrator sent to them. It was carried out by a mentally ill senior named Seung-Hui Cho. For 10 points, 32 people were killed in what 2007 mass shooting at an university in Blacksburg? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 NASAT // rd: 18 | |
| tossup 88 went dead. -- 22:38, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One unsolved problem in finding the number of these shapes is named for Kobon Fujimura. This shape is commonly used to represent the first iteration of a Koch snowflake or a Sierpinski gasket. The sequence of numbers named for this shape is generated by adding consecutive natural numbers. The area of one of these shapes can be computed using Heron's formula, and its side lengths and angle measures can be found using the Law of Sines or Law of Cosines. Two of these can be proved to be similar by showing that two corresponding angles are congruent. Name these shapes whose interior angles add up to 180 degrees and which have three vertices. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 NTSS // rd: 14 | |
| tossup 89 went dead. -- 22:38, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: To solve integral equations, Fredholm generalized this function to operators of the form of the identity plus a trace-class operator. Because one is a regular value of this function, the Special Linear Group is a manifold. Solutions to a differential equation are linearly independent if there is a nonzero value for one of these functions called the Wronskian (“RON-skee-in”). For large inputs, this alternating (*) multilinear map can be computed using the Laplace expansion theorem, which requires finding cofactors and minors. Eigenvalues are computed by setting this function of the matrix “A minus lambda I” equal to zero and solving for lambda. A matrix A is singular if and only if this function of A is zero. For 10 points, name this quantity often expressed as “ad minus bc” for a two-by-two matrix. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 Early Fall Tournament (EFT) // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 90 went dead. -- 22:38, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One city with this name is the seat of Hampden County and contained an armory attacked by Shays' Rebellion. Wisconsin has five places with this name. The one of these north of Branson is the home of Missouri State University. A state capital with this name was the site where (*) Barack Obama announced his presidential campaign and also contains a home of Abraham Lincoln. For 10 points—give this name in common to the capital of Illinois and the TV setting of The Simpsons. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 Philly Cheesteak // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 91 went dead. -- 22:38, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This character is introduced in the chapter "Father and Son," which has a fake epigraph stating "E sara mia colpa, Se cosi e?" While examining a piece of torn paper on a lectern, this character finds the words "The First Step" on one side, but is shocked to read about the execution of a man whose name is an anagram of his own on the other. In Strasbourg, this man receives a letter from his fiancé stating "All is lost!", which causes him to return home and hire a gunsmith to make a pair of pistols. Initially, this character gets a tutoring job for knowing the entire Biblein Latin by heart, but later gets kicked out of a school in Besançon for being a Jansenist. This character's lover, inspired by her martyred ancestor Boniface, kisses his severed head, and builds a marmoreal shrine for him. This worker for the Marquis de la Mole is guillotined for shooting Madame de Renal. For 10 points, name this tragic hero of The Red and the Black. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 ACF Nationals // rd: Georgia Tech | |
| tossup 92 went dead. -- 22:38, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This king and Malcolm III signed the Treaty of Abernathy, which declared Scotland as a fief to his kingdom. This husband of Matilda of Flanders destroyed much of Yorkshire in a campaign against Edgar Atheling, and began another campaign with a landing at Pevensey. Lands destroyed by this king’s (*) Harrying of the North appear in the survey of properties this king compiled into his Domesday Book. This king defeated a force of housecarls in the last battle of a campaign that began after the death of Edward the Confessor. For 10 points, name this Norman, who defeated Harold Godwinson at the Battle of Hastings to take the English throne in 1066. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 LOGIC // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 93 went dead. -- 22:38, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man defeated the Danish at the Battle of Køge and referred to his troops as “scum of the earth” after they broke rank to loot the retreating French army at the Battle of Vitoria. After a publisher blackmailed this man over the memoirs of Harriette Wilson, he said, (*) “Publish and be damned!” The Catholic Emancipation Act was passed while he was Prime Minister, and this man collaborated with Gebhard von Blucher’s forces to defeat Marshal Ney and end a “Hundred Days” that had begun with an escape from Elba. For 10 points, name this military commander and politician who defeated Napoleon Bonaparte at the Battle of Waterloo. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 HFT XI // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 94 went dead. -- 22:38, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One participant in this event visited the boardinghouse of Mary Surratt, the first American woman executed. Aman was saved by his jaw splint from being stabbed to death by Lewis Powell while this event occurred. One of itsperpetrators uttered "useless, useless" before he was shot in a burning barn at Garrett's Farm. That man shouted"Sic semper tyrannis" while carrying out this action during a performance of Our American Cousin at Ford's Theatre.For 10 points, what event carried out by John Wilkes Booth led to the death of the sixteenth U.S. president? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Collegiate Novice // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 95 went dead. -- 22:38, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: During this war, Alexander Smyth led a campaign which was abandoned after the battle of Frenchman’s Creek, and one battle during this war inspired a song set to the tune of “To Anacreon in Heaven.” The aforementioned campaign featured the defeat of Stephen Van Rensselaer and death of Isaac Brock at the Battle of Queenston (*) Heights. One commander in this war sent the message, “we have met the enemy and they are ours” after winning the Battle of Lake Erie. One battle in this war was fought after this war was resolved in the treaty of Ghent. For 10 points, name this war between Great Britain and the US that began in its namesake year. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 FACTS // rd: Ed 3 | |
| tossup 96 went dead. -- 22:38, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The cryogenic version of this technique avoids crystallization while maintaining the true structure of the specimen. One variant of this technique uses uranyl acetate to produce negative stains, while another variant makes use of sputter-coating with gold. Ernst Ruska first developed this technique, and his brother Helmut was the first to visualize (*) bacteriophages using this technique. The two most common variants of this technique are the scanning and transmission types. For 10 points, name this type of microscopy that uses a beam of the title particles rather than light to closely visualize smaller-than-cellular substances. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 HFT X // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 97 went dead. -- 22:39, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One derivation of this relation named for Robertson uses expectation values of Hermitian operators. Mandelshtam and Tamm derived a corollary of this statement which multiplies the variance of time with the variance of energy, a term which is greater than or equal to the reduced Planck constant over 2. According to this law, electrons of known velocity passing through a slit would result in a probability distribution rather than a single position as classical mechanics predicts. For 10 points, name this quantum principle which asserts the impossibility of perfect measurement of both a particle's position and its momentum. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Prison Bowl // rd: 11 | |
| tossup 98 went dead. -- 22:39, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: An author with this surname wrote a poem that states “Monody shall not wake the mariner” and also wrote a long poem with sections such as “Powhatan’s Daughter.” In a story by an author with this surname, the drunkard Scratchy Wilson spares Jack Potter because he’s no longer a bachelor. In another story by that author, the correspondent crawls onto a beach only to find Billie the oiler dead. A protagonist created by an author with this surname (*) travels with the “tattered man” and, with Wilson and Jim Conklin, prepares for battle in its first scene. For 10 points, give this surname of the author of “The Open Boat” and The Red Badge of Courage. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 Maryland Fall // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 99 went dead. -- 22:39, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Wrangling over who would get this position was the subject of the presidential quote "Clear it with Sidney," referring to union leader Sidney Hillman. The so-called "Second Missouri Compromise" led to the successful replacement of a man in this position, replacing a person who gave the "Century of the Common Man" speech with a protégé of Boss Tom Pendergast. A Texan known as "Cactus Jack" claimed this post was (*) "not worth a bucket of warm piss." After serving as Speaker of the House, John Nance Garner took this position in 1933, while Henry Wallace held it from 1941 to 1945 when he was replaced after the 1944 election. For 10 points, name this position held by Harry Truman during the fourth term of Franklin Roosevelt. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 MUT // rd: 15 | |
| tossup 100 went dead. -- 22:39, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: McDougall et al. developed a global algorithm to estimate this quantity's "absolute" form, which is used with the TEOS-10 standard. It's not refractive index, but handheld devices for measuring this quantity are often calibrated using a specific gravity reference value of 1.0264. Gradients in temperature and this quantity drive the Meridional Overturning Circulation. This quantity's "practical" form has a typical value of thirty-five and is defined as the ratio of the (*) conductivity of a given sample to that of a reference solution of potassium chloride. This quantity increases dramatically when traveling from the tidal limit of a river to the mouth of an estuary. For 10 points, identify this quantity that remains constant along isohaline lines and measures the concentration of dissolved ions in seawater. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 "stanford housewrite" // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 101 went dead. -- 22:39, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This quantity can be calculated for water with the Arden Buck equation, which is a recent improvement over the Goff-Gratch equation. Thermogravimetry can be used to calculate this value for solids, and it is related to the molar volume, surface tension, and droplet radius in the Kelvin equation. Another equation relates two values of this quantity to the enthalpy of vaporization and temperature, and is named for Clausius and Clayperon, while this value is modified by mole fractions of species in solution in Raoult's Law. For 10 points, name this measure of a liquid's tendency to evaporate, which, when it exceeds atmospheric pressure, results in boiling. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2008 ACF Regionals // rd: Yale A | |
| tossup 102 went dead. -- 22:39, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The protagonist of this work is mistaken for Nathoo and adopted by Messua and her husband. This work and its same-named "Second" version were written while the author lived in Vermont. Each episode in this collection is followed by a poem or song, such as "Darzee's Chant" and "The Law for the Wolves." In order to save a boy named Teddy, a character in this collection kills Nag and Nagaina, two cobras. "Toomai of the Elephants" and "Kaa's Hunting" are two stories in this collection. For 10 points, name this collection of stories also including "Rikki-Tikki-Tavi" and several tales about Mowgli, written by Rudyard Kipling. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Brookwood Invitational Scholars Bowl // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 103 went dead. -- 22:39, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One of these objects titles a story whose narrator remembers the phrase "the best place to hide a leaf is in a forest" while seeking to rid himself of one that had been acquired from a Scotsman "on the outskirts of Bikanir." A fictional one of these things is the subject of the story "The Approach to Al'Mutasim." A month's pension and a blackletter Wycliffe Bible are traded for one of these things by a man who becomes obsessed with it. Another story describes highly sought-after ones called the (*) Vindications, as well as Purifiers who destroy many of them. Examples of these things in that story include Axaxaxas mlö and The Combed Thunderclap, which are among the millions of them stored in hexagonal rooms. For 10 points, name these objects, the contents of "The Library of Babel." | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 PACE NSC // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 104 went dead. -- 22:39, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This author wrote a work in which the Duke and Duchess of Falvertoon are getting divorced but go on strike during the proceedings, and also wrote of a bachelor who was able to quiet a group of children by explaining how Bertha, a "horribly good" girl, was devoured by a wolf. This author of "The Unkindest Blow" and "The Storyteller" wrote about two rivals stuck under a (*) tree who end a feud by becoming friends before seeing a pack of wolves. The title character kills Mrs. de Ropp and is worshipped by Conradin in a work about a pole-cat ferret by this author who also wrote a work in which Mr. Sappleton and his dog are thought to be ghosts by Mr. Nuttel who then runs away. For 10 points, name this author of "The Interlopers," "Sredni Vashtar," and "The Open Window." | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Penn-ance // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 105 went dead. -- 22:39, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Materials of this type made from carbon reflect only 0.3 percent of radiation in the infrared spectrum making them useful solar heat collectors and superfluid helium-3 is often suspended within this type of substance in order to create anisotropic superfluids. A variety of this substance made from alumina are being used to capture cosmic debris in NASA's Stardust experiment. This material was first created in 1931 by(*) Samuel Kestler by increasing temperature and dropping pressure to evacuate fluids in a process called supercritical drying. The porous structure of this substance makes it a powerful desiccant and it holds the record for having the greatest amount of thermal insulation of any known material. It is often referred to as solid smoke. For 10 points, identify this type of material, a suspension consisting of a solid containing more than ninety percent air by volume. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Illinois Open // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 106 went dead. -- 22:39, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This author wrote a novel in which the actress Charlie helps Martin Kurtz track down a Palestinian terrorist named Khalil. In another novel by this author, Liz is brought to testify at a tribunal on the pretext that she is being invited to a special meeting of the Communist Party. In that novel, Alec Leamas unwittingly helps take down Fiedler, thinking he is actually helping to take down Mundt, and allows himself to be shot instead of jumping over the Berlin Wall. Peter Guillam appears in that novel, as well as this in author's so-called Karla Trilogy. Another of this author's recurring characters, who works for an organization called "the Circus," is George Smiley. For 10 points, name this author of espionage novels like Tinker, Tailor, Soldier, Spy and The Spy Who Came in from the Cold. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 ACF Regionals // rd: Michigan State - Waterloo A | |
| tossup 107 went dead. -- 22:39, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One speaker in this poem commands "O plunge your hands in water, plunge them in up to the wrist; stare, stare in the basin and wonder what you've missed." Its narrator describes the crowds he encounters as "fields of harvest wheat." The twelfth of this poem's fifteen quatrains invokes a nursery rhyme locale where "beggars raffle the banknotes and the Giant is enchanting to Jack." One speaker discusses a time when "the ocean is folded and hung up to dry and the seven stars go squawking like geese about the sky." This poem, which ends by noting that "the deep river ran on," takes the form of a dialogue between a man and the (*) "clock in the city," which begin to whirr and chime as he speaks. The narrator of this poem hears a lover declare "I'll love you, dear, I'll love you till China and Africa meet" after doing the title action "down Bristol Street." For 10 points, name this poem by W.H. Auden with an ambulatory narrator. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 Gorilla Lit // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 108 went dead. -- 22:40, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In the introduction to this poem, the author writes that it is set in a land with “ten miles of fertile ground” that were “inclosed within a wall.” In a psychoanalytic reading of this poem, Robert Graves suggests that the author wrote this poem as a “serene refuge” to separate himself from a “woman wailing for her demon-lover.” This poem’s speaker asks “Could I revive within me / Her symphony and song?” after having a vision of an (*) “Abyssinian maid” and the dulcimer that “she played.” This poem, which describes a “sunless sea” and measureless “caverns,” is incomplete due to the “Person from Porlock.” It begins with the title character in a “stately pleasure-dome” in Xanadu. For 10 points, name this poem titled for an Emperor of China by Samuel Taylor Coleridge. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Early Fall Tournament (EFT) // rd: Packet 07 | |
| tossup 109 went dead. -- 22:40, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Two members of this profession killed the taxi driver David Wilkie by dropping a 46-pound block of concrete on his head. Mark Ashton's LGBT alliance organized a benefit concert for members of this profession. Ernest Bevin lends his name to a group of young men conscripted to work in this profession during World War II. Members of this profession protested after (*) Edward Heath's Conservative government implemented the "Three-Day Week." Neil Kinnock's father was one of many members of this profession who worked in Welsh cities like Tredegar. The NUM led several strikes of these workers, including a year-long one led by Arthur Scargill against the Margaret Thatcher government. For 10 points, name this profession responsible for extracting a major fossil fuel. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 MLK // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 110 went dead. -- 22:40, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This modern-day country is thought to be the home of a real-life tribe called the Blemmyes, who frequently allied with the Nobadae to attack the Romans. Several queens with the title kandake ruled in what is now this country, which contains the site of Kerma and what was the capital of King Piye. This country, whose site of Old Dongola was the capital of the Makurian kingdom, contains the ruins of Napata and (*) Meroe. This modern-day country takes its name from an Arabic term meaning "Land of the Blacks." Rulers of a kingdom based in what is now this country established the 25th dynasty; that kingdom eventually fell to the invasion of neighboring Axum. For 10 points, name this modern-day country, home to the Nubian kingdom that controlled the fork of the Blue and White Nile. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 Penn Bowl // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 111 went dead. -- 22:40, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One leader of this country allegedly hid in a bathroom at the UN to avoid shaking Bill Clinton's hand. The international organization CENTO dissolved after this country's withdrawal. The US-funded People's Mujahideen are a leftist militant group active mostly in this country. The USS Vincennes shot down an airliner from this country in 1988 and this country was the target of Operation (*) Ajax. The newspaper Al-Shiraa is best known for exposing covert US arms sales to this country. Operation Eagle Claw targeted this country, and Oliver North was put on trial for facilitating arms shipments to this country. This country's decision to release 52 prisoners en masse on the day of Reagan's inauguration has been the subject of conspiracy theories. For 10 points, name this country that held American citizens in a US embassy for over a year in its "hostage crisis." | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 Spartan Housewrite // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 112 went dead. -- 22:40, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This provision was divided into a “prefatory” and thus ancillary section and an “operative” section according to Antonin Scalia, and its application is limited only to “law-abiding, responsible citizens” according to John Paul Stevens, who argued from the word “well-regulated” in its first clause. This provision was incorporated against the states in McDonald v. Chicago, a year after the ruling in DC v. Heller that this amendment guaranteed an individual right. For 10 points, name this Constitutional amendment which prevents infringement of the “right of the people to keep and bear arms.” | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 BHSAT // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 113 went dead. -- 22:40, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: At one point in this novel, a would-be highwayman with an unloaded pistol botches his first robbery, but the victim gives him two guineas anyway. Its protagonist beats up Ensign Northerton shortly after listening to the life story of the Man of the Hill. A character in this novel is interrupted while reading Thomas Southerne’s The Fatal Marriage by Lord Fellamar, who attempts to ravish her as part of a scheme arranged by Lady Bellaston. Its protagonist refuses to reveal that (*) Black George was with him when he shot a partridge, an offense that resulted in a beating from Mr. Thwackum, who like the tutor Square favors the protagonist’s rival Master Blifil. For 10 points, name this novel in which the title ward of Squire Allworthy eventually marries Sophia Western, a work of Henry Fielding. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 MUT // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 114 went dead. -- 22:40, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: . An odd mapping of this construct to Euclidean n-space maps a pair of points to the same point by the Borsuk-Ulam theorem. Even-dimensional ones have no non-vanishing continuous tangent vector field. The Möbius transformation is a stereographic projection from the plane to this construct and back. This shape is packed optimally in twenty-four dimensions by the Leech lattice and in three dimensions by a (*) hexagonal-close packed lattice. The sum of the angles of a triangle on one of these is greater than 180 degrees, and the variables theta, phi, and r represent the coordinate system named for them. For 10 points, name these figures whose volume is four thirds pi times radius cubed. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Penn-ance // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 115 went dead. -- 22:40, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This property can be induced by spiral spin ordering in magnetically frustrated materials. The eponymous Burns temperature along with nanoclusters and a neutral matrix are seen in the relaxor type of materials with this property. Materials with this property are often classified as either hydrogen-bonded or double oxides. The sensitivity of this property to strain is explained by Landau-Devonshire theory for (*) poled bulk materials. The hysteresis associated with this property can be measured via a Sawyer-Tower circuit. Non-volatile RAM named after this can be made with a thin film of PZT, or lead zirconate titanate, a perovskite with this property. All materials with this property are both piezoelectric and pyroelectric, and the first discovered material with this property was Rochelle salt. For 10 points, name this property not seen above the Curie point and possessed by materials whose electric polarization is reversed by an electric field. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Chicago Open // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 116 went dead. -- 22:40, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A version of this play adds an argument with a nurse over the dog Puff and a woman who sits knitting sweaters throughout the play before going to her room to kill herself. Upon entering, a character in this play gives a speech beginning "My countrymen, the ship of state is safe." In this play, a sentry describes seeing a mysterious whirlwind, and then catching sight of the (*) protagonist after the dust settles. In both this play and the update of it written by Jean Anouilh ("ah-NOO-ee") during the Vichy regime, Haemon stabs himself after finding the hanging body of the protagonist in a cavelike tomb. In this play, Ismene's sister violates the orders of Creon by performing burial rites for Polyneices. For 10 points, name this Sophocles play titled for the daughter of Oedipus. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 Terrapin // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 117 went dead. -- 22:40, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In this author's first Pulitzer Prize-winning work, the Generalissimo orders the execution of Corporal Zsettslani ("SET-slah-nee"). His second Pulitzer-winning novel revolves around Lucius Priest, a resident of Yoknapatawpha ("YOCK-NAH-puh-TAH-fuh") County. This author wrote novels about Thomas Sutpen and about the death of Addie Bundren. For 10 points, name this American author of Absalom! Absalom!, As I Lay Dying, and The Sound and the Fury. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 Collaborative MS Tournament // rd: CMST_Round04.pdf | |
| tossup 118 went dead. -- 22:41, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man’s birth was predicted by a left-handed seer wearing a shirt decorated with shells. Nine witches stole from this man’s garden so that they would have an excuse to kill him for abusing old ladies, but supported him instead after he offered them any food they wanted. This man is hated by his father’s wife Sassouma Berete, causing him to go into exile. This man was lame as a child, but finally stood after using a cane of a thick iron rod, which his weight bent into a bow. This man’s mother Sogolon was an extremely ugly woman who had previously lived as a (*) buffalo. He defeated an enemy by shooting him with a white cock’s spur. This “lion child” defeated the sorcerer Soumaoro Kante and founded a kingdom whose rulers were called mansa. For 10 points, name this legendary hero based on the historical founder of the Mali empire. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 Penn Bowl // rd: Finals 2 | |
| tossup 119 went dead. -- 22:41, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Pencil and paper ready. This number times π is the volume of a solid formedby rotating the area between the curve y = 1 , the y-axis and the lines y = 1x ́∞1and y = 2 about the y-axis. This number is equal to dx. This number 2 √ 1 x3times 5 is equal to the derivative at x = 1 of x + x. This number is equal to 4 −1 the determinant of the inverse matrix of −2 1 . The inverse hyperboliccosine of twice this number is zero, and sin π is equal to this number. For ten 6points, identify this number, equal to the probability of rolling an odd number on a single regular die. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 Math Monstrosity // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 120 went dead. -- 22:41, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man ended the Kalmar War with the Treaty of Knared, and he outgunned enemy tercio formations in one battle, defeating the Count of Tilly. He signed the Treaty of Stolbovo with Michael Romanov, and Gustav Horn and John Banér took command of his army after his death. Axel Oxenstierna became regent after this victor of the Battle of Breitenfeld was killed during a cavalry charge at the Battle of Lutzen. For 10 points, name this "Lion of the North," a Swedish King who invaded Germany during the Thirty Years War. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Maggie Walker GSAC // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 121 went dead. -- 22:41, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one action during this conflict, Charles Hamilton captured eleven men and shot five of them in a ditch near the town of Marais des Cygnes. One player in this conflict rescued two of his sons at the Battle of Black Jack and built a series of barricades after the shooting of Charles Dow led to the Wakarusa War and the death of Thomas Barber. Governor John Geary attempted to end this conflict, which earlier saw the construction of Camp Sacket to hold antagonists like former governor Charles Robinson prisoner. The Wyandotte Constitution was passed three years after the sack of Lawrence, which prompted a massacre in Pottawatomie. Disagreement over the Lecompton Constitution sparked this conflict, which was engaged by Border Ruffians from Missouri and the followers of John Brown. For 10 points, name this extended period of antebellum violence in a Midwestern state. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 VCU Open (Saturday) // rd: The Finals 1.doc | |
| tossup 122 went dead. -- 22:41, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A member of this minority group, economist Ilham Tohti, was imprisoned in 2014 on charges of separatism. Following a 2009 clash between members of this minority group and police, the city of Kashgar was turned into a Special Economic Zone. November 2018 reports indicated that the homes of these people were being occupied in the “Pair Up and Become (*) Family” program. These people live in a region they call East Turkestan. Since 2014, as many as one million of them have been relocated to internment camps throughout the Xinjiang Autonomous Region. For 10 points, give the religion of the persecuted Uighur minority in China. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 BHSAT // rd: 12 | |
| tossup 123 went dead. -- 22:41, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In a folk custom from this city called “bitchy Lucia,” a man would cross-dress, wear blackface, and dance while a crowd screamed obscenities at him. Louis the Great of Hungary failed in an attempt to claim this city after his army was struck by the Black Death. A revolt led by Masaniello led to the declaration of a republic in this city in 1647. Gian Rinaldo Montaldeschi was executed for revealing a plan by Cardinal Mazarin and Queen Christina of Sweden to gain the throne of this city. A dynastic crisis in this city began after the death of Ferrante, the illegitimate son of Alfonso V of Aragon. The Battle of Fornovo took place during a campaign whose goal was taking this city, launched by Charles VIII of France in 1494. For 10 points, name this city that served as the capital of the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 NASAT // rd: 19 | |
| tossup 124 went dead. -- 22:41, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man patronized the photographer Edward S. Curtis but refused to be publicly photographed due to his severe rosacea. Several of this man's associates blamed his death on the pressure of testifying before the Pujo committee. This man was accused of profiteering on the sale of rifles to the Union Army in the Hall Carbine Affair. This man refused to supply additional funds to Tesla's Wardenclyffe tower, leading to the tower being mothballed. The Northern Securities case broke up a railway conglomerate formed by this man, E. H. Harriman and James J. Hill. This man formed the first billion dollar corporation, U.S. Steel, after buying out Andrew Carnegie. For 10 points, name this American financier who helped to overcome the Panic of 1907, the namesake of a major investment bank that merged with Chase. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 NASAT // rd: 17 | |
| tossup 125 went dead. -- 22:41, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One transformation between two related encodings of this type of data multiplies the cube root of a ratio of inputs by 116 and then subtracts 16. They are contained in McAdam ellipses. Values of this are interpolated by means of I values in the Gouraud algorithm. One way to encode these is CIE XYZ, Ways of expressing them are often visualized through cubes, cones, and (*) circles. When reproducing these, one of their components is changed through gamma correction. They are encoded through three bytes written as a six digit hexadecimal representation in applications like web-pages. Encodings of this can be additive or subtractive and the two most common encodings are HSV and RGB. For 10 points, name this type of data, examples of which include celadon, cyan, and purple. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Missiles of October // rd: Finals 1 | |
| tossup 126 went dead. -- 22:41, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Bioleaching of iron and copper with Thiobacillus results in the production of metal ions and this substance. In electrowinning of copper, the electrodes are placed in a solution of this substance. Reaction of this substance with sodium or potassium chloride is used to produce hydrogen chloride in the Mannheim process. This substance is added to phosphate containing rocks in the (*) “wet method” of phosphoric acid production. The lead chamber process for producing this substance was superseded by a process using a vanadium oxide catalyst, called the contact process. This substance is the electrolyte in lead-acid batteries. Oil of vitriol is, for 10 points, an old name of what strong acid, the most produced industrial chemical, with formula H2SO4? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 WAO II // rd: 16 | |
| tossup 127 went dead. -- 22:41, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This woman complains that her "proportioned, spiritless poems" are published "away in brutish London, for a hollow crown" in a 52-stanza sequence that tells her "Simon will listen while you read a song." This author's major work contains a section discussing the "four monarchies," and a poem that begins by noting "all may judge" the "errors" of the title "ill-formed (*) offspring of my feeble brain." This poet, the subject of an "Homage" by John Berryman, wrote "If ever two were one, then surely we" in a poem addressed to her "dear and loving husband." For 10 points, name this 17th-century poet who wrote "Verses upon the Burning of our House" and the book The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 PACE NSC // rd: 11 | |
| tossup 128 went dead. -- 22:41, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One character in this work reveals that he used to walk around with rubber balls in his hands and horse chestnuts and crab apples in his cheeks because he wanted apple cheeks, while another character in this work retorts, "I'd rather have peanut brittle crumbs on my face than flies in my eyes" after assuring another character that he didn't see flies in his eyes. In addition to Orr, Havermeyer, and Appleby, one character in this work is informed of a promotion while playing basketball and later jumps out of his office window to avoid talking to a character who received a medal naked and who asks, "where are the Snowdens of yesteryear?" For 10 points, name this work about Major Major Major, Doc Daneeka, Chief White Halfoat, and Yossarian, a novel by Joseph Heller. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 Chipola Lit + Fine Arts // rd: 5.doc | |
| tossup 129 went dead. -- 22:42, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In the penultimate section of "Stalking the Billion-Footed Beast," Tom Wolfe cites an anecdote in which this writer discovers that a horse used by miners has lived in the mines its whole life. This writer called for novelists to test, and not assert, their personal sentiments in an essay that applies Claude Bernard's theoriesof physiology to literature. He calls his enemies "mere entities, agents of harm to society" in a work that dares his opponents to try him in court, followed by the statement "I am waiting." This author of The ExperimentalNovel praised a leader for securing an alliance with (*) Russia and planning the 1900 World's Fair in a work thatwas published by the newspaper L'Aurore. That work by this author was addressed to Félix Faure and contrasts the guilt of Ferdinand Esterhazy with the innocence of a man who was sent to Devil's Island. For 10 points, name this French author who charged the government with anti-Semitism in the Dreyfus affair in his article J'accuse…! | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 "stanford housewrite" // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 130 went dead. -- 22:42, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: G. Harrold Carswell’s Supreme Court nomination was sabotaged when a Nebraska senator of this ethnicity claimed that “mediocre judges… and people” like him were entitled to representation on the court. Members of this ethnicity frequently settled in industrial suburbs like Hamtramck (“ham-TRAM-ick”), Michigan, and Parma, Ohio. A probably-intersex Revolutionary War hero of this ethnicity died leading a cavalry charge at the Battle of (*) Savannah and names a holiday celebrated mostly in Chicago. Many people of this ethnicity flocked to the United States after the January Uprising. With Irish and Italian-Americans, people of this ethnicity constituted the majority of so-called “white ethnics” who largely switched from the Democratic to the Republican Party in the 1970s. For 10 points, give this ethnicity of Tadeusz Kościuszko (“ta-DAY-oosh kosh-CHOOSH-ko”) and Casimir Pulaski. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 Early Fall Tournament (EFT) // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 131 went dead. -- 22:42, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Journalist John Dinges survived this initiative, which he claimed "brought terrorism to three continents" in a 2003 book. The murder of Hugo Banzer set back this initiative, which began two years after the Villa Grimaldi complex opened for use in interrogations. A disclosed diplomatic cable from Robert E. White revealed that this plan made use of a tele-communications channel built by the United States. In Washington, DC, a far-flung part of its "Phase III" targeted Orlando Letelier, a particular nuisance to the DINA agency led by School of the Americas alum Manuel Contreras. This campaign expanded into the "Dirty War" in Jorge Videla's Argentina. For 10 points, name this covert operation in which dictators ring-led by Agusto Pinochet suppressed and killed South American leftists. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 ACF Regionals // rd: Bellarmine HS + Columbia A + Louisiana-Lafayette | |
| tossup 132 went dead. -- 22:42, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Zaslo discovered antimicrobial peptides called magainins in this organism, which enable them to close wounds withoutinfection or inflflammation. Experiments in which this organism's eye was excised, rotated 180 degrees, and then placed back in,resulting in it chasing food sources in exactly the wrong direction, led Roger Sperry to propose the chemoafinity hypothesis.P.D. Nieuwkoop used an animal cap assay to determine that cells in the vegetal hemisphere of this organism induced the formationof the mesoderm, leading to the discovery shortly thereaftfter of the TGF-beta family. This organism's females ovulatedwithin hours of being injected with hCG-rich urine, leading Lancelot Hogben to develop his pregnancy test. This organism'sutility is limited by its long generation time and pseudotetraploidy, which is why the tropicalis species is sometimes used instead.This animal is attractive to researchers because of its large embryos. For 10 points, name this popular developmentalmodel organism, a frog. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 ACF Nationals // rd: Michigan | |
| tossup 133 went dead. -- 22:42, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A singer who was prevented from performing in this country wrote the song “Special Train to Pankow” criticizing the decision. This country attempted to solve its systemic coffee shortage by financing the Vietnamese coffee industry in the 1980s. Many senior officials in this country lived on an elliptical street named for Vladimir Mayakovsky. Women who were formerly citizens of this country have launched legal actions over the use of drugs such as Jenapharm’s Oral-Turinabol as part of its State Plan 14.25. Many children in this country joined the Thälmann Pioneers before graduating to the FDJ. SED member Manfred Ewald organised state-sponsored doping in this country at the SV Dynamo sports club where it was often overseen by the Stasi. For 10 points, name this country that erected the Berlin Wall. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 NASAT // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 134 went dead. -- 22:42, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In organophosphorus chemistry, a series of values known as the Kabachnik parameters can be used to calculate this quantity. A form of this quantity can be calculated from the effective charge squared divided by the covalent radius, while another form is the average of the energies of the valence electrons of an atom. Differences in it cause trifluoroacetic acid to be much more acidic than acetic acid due to an inductive effect. It was predicted to be the average of ionization energy and electron affinity by Mulliken. Fluorine possesses the highest value of it at 3.98. For 10 points, name this ability of an atom to attract electrons. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 ACF Fall // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 135 went dead. -- 22:42, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one novella by this author, a female character is advised by her friends to stain her sheets with Mercurochrome on her wedding night so her husband will think she is a virgin. That woman, Angela Vicario, reveals to her brothers that Santiago Nasar deflowered her. In another of this author’s novels, a Sanskrit manuscript reveals that the last member of a familial line is “being eaten by (*) ants.” This author created the character Melquiades [mel-kai-uh-dees], who introduces novelties such as ice to the village of Macondo in this man’s most famous novel. For 10 points, name this Colombian author of Chronicle of a Death Foretold and One Hundred Years of Solitude. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 LOGIC // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 136 went dead. -- 22:42, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The ruling in this court case is called to be overruled in the lone dissent in Coppage v. Kansas. A dissent in this case cited the need for "a plain, palpable invasion of rights" to justify the "power of the courts to review legislative action." Henry Weismann argued for the defendant in this case, which overturned the earlier ruling of Holden v. Hardy and upheld the result of Allgeyer v. Louisiana. A dissent in this case cites "Sunday laws and usury laws" as examples of accepted state action that contradicts this case's ruling, which was delivered by Rufus (*) Peckham. West Coast Hotel v. Parrish ended a period of pro-employer judicial decisions known as this case's "era." A dissent from this case states that "the Fourteenth Amendment does not enact Mr. Herbert Spencer's Social Statics" and was written by Justice Holmes. For 10 points, name this 1905 Supreme Court case that overturned a law limiting the working hours of bakers in New York. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 WAO // rd: Duke | |
| tossup 137 went dead. -- 22:42, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Among the byproducts of this process are MSG and the artificial butter flavoring diacetyl [die-uh-SEE-tul]. Eduard Büchner received the 1907 Nobel Prize for extracting the enzymes that perform this process, which regenerates the two NAD+ molecules needed to sustain glycolysis. Commercially important genera that perform this process include Saccharomyces and Lactobacillus, and the Pasteur effect explains how oxygen inhibits this process. There are lactic acid and alcohol pathways for what anaerobic process used to make foods like yogurt, sauerkraut, and wine? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 NTSS // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 138 went dead. -- 22:42, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In this novel’s first chapter, a woman gives birth in “The Paulownia Court” to a character who later marries a girl named after the wisteria flower. After a character in this novel reads a poem that ends, “May lavender, the hue of the troth, be as fast,” another character marries the daughter of the Minister of the Left. The title character of this novel is often addressed with the epithet (*) “Shining.” The death of this novel’s title character is implied by a blank chapter titled “Vanished Into the Clouds.” Lady Aoi (ah-OH-ee) is one of the many romantic partners of this novel’s title prince. For 10 points, name this 11th century novel by Lady Murasaki Shikibu. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2020 CALISTO // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 139 went dead. -- 22:42, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This quantity is the denominator in the formula for reluctance, and this quantity can be calculated by taking a line integral of the magnetic vector potential. The line integral of the electric field around a closed loop is equal to the negative change in this quantity with respect to time according to Faraday's law of induction. According to Gauss's law for magnetism, this quantity is equal to zero for a closed surface, and this quantity is equal to the dot product of magnetic field and area. Measured in webers, For 10 points, name this measure of the strength of the magnetic field through a surface. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 Maggie Walker GSAC // rd: Finals 2 | |
| tossup 140 went dead. -- 22:42, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Trapped molecules are ubiquitinated by a namesake quality control complex bound to these structures. Toeprinting and a namesake profiling assay often arrest these organelles with cycloheximide. Macrolides and aminoglycosides (uh-MEE-no-GLY-kuh-sydes) inhibit these organelles, which have an exit tunnel in which nascent-chain compaction occurs. eIF's are responsible for recruiting the parts of this organelle to the Kozak consensus sequence, and the signal recognition particle targets their products to translocons in the ER. In eukaryotes, they contain a 40S and 60S subunit, and also have A, P, and E sites that tRNA cycle through during translation of an mRNA. For 10 points, name these organelles that synthesize proteins. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 NASAT // rd: 15 | |
| tossup 141 went dead. -- 22:43, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This author contributed a volume on The Birds to the BFI Film Classics line of books about films. Shedubs Russell Brand an "epicene roué" in a 2012 column which criticizes "manic cyborg cheerleader" KatyPerry and Taylor Swift for being uninteresting feminist role models. She put together a poetry anthologywith her own commentary entitled Break, Blow, Burn. In her major work, this author claims that"Patriarchy, routinely blamed for everything, produced the birth control pill, which did more to freecontemporary women than feminism itself," and that Egypt was the only society which properly unitedmale reason with the female connection to the "chthonic." For 10 points, name this author who examined"Art and Decadence From Nefertiti to Emily Dickinson" in her treatise Sexual Personae. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 VCU Open // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 142 went dead. -- 22:43, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In a novel by this author, Abe Loeb and Sweetiepie Li visit a lagoon on their yacht, the Gloria Pickford. He satirized Nazi Germany in a play in which Dr. Galen cures a disease which only affects people over 45. In one of his novels, the creation of a revolutionary form of energy has the unintended side effect of producing a spiritual substance called the "absolute." This author of The White Disease wrote a novel in which G. H. Bondy exploits the title animals, which are discovered by Captain van Toch. In his most famous play, Helena meets with Fabry and Dr. Gall as a representative of the League of Humanity and advocates freeing the title beings, who eventually rise up and kill all the humans except Alquist. For 10 points, name this Czech author who wrote War with the Newts and coined the word "robot" in his play R.U.R. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Michigan Fall Tournament // rd: Editors8 | |
| tossup 143 went dead. -- 22:43, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: 4. This man claims that he saw, at a Christmas Eve mass, a blue-skinned six-foot-eight “half bull, half man” that had violets growing out of its eyelids. After describing how his commission for a large flag resulted in a banner emblazoned with a “Tibetan swastika” that horrified everyone who saw it, this man tells the story of three friends who pretended to bury him alive on Halloween in Montauk. He details his obsession with The Little Prince and spiritual quests to the Sahara, Tibet, India, and Findhorn after recounting how Jerzy Grotowski invited him to Poland to preside over a “beehive.” This man frequently mentions his wife, (*) Chiquita, and claims that modern life forces people to live in an “insane dream world” in a film that ends with his interlocutor taking a cab back to his apartment to discuss the conversation with Deborah Eisenberg. For 10 points, what theater director does Wallace Shawn dine with in a film titled “My Dinner with” this man? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Chicago Open Trash // rd: 11 | |
| tossup 144 went dead. -- 22:43, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: An underlying mechanism for one type of this process is modeled by the Bateson-Dobzhansky-Muller model. The most important model organism for this process is the three-spined stickleback. That mechanism is increased by "reinforcement", or the Wallace effect. Ernst Mayr proposed another type of this process after mapping the ranges of birds in New Guinea. Gould and Eldredge built on Mayr's theory when proposing that this process occurred during short periods in punctuated equilibrium. The two most common examples of this process result from reduction in gene flow or geographic isolation and are sympatric and allopatric. For 10 points, identify this process by which new species arise. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Michigan Fall Tournament // rd: Editors9 | |
| tossup 145 went dead. -- 22:43, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The quantization of this quantity was first demonstrated by the Little-Parks effect, andAbrikosov vortices are sometimes named for the fact that they contain a quantum of this quantity.The inverse of the quantum of this quantity is equal to the Josephson constant. This quantity is equalto the line integral of the vector potential around a boundary. Type II superconductors have theability to pin lines of this quantity. The negative time derivative of this quantity is equal to theinduced (*) emf according to Faraday's Law, and this quantity can be given as the dot product of themagnetic field with the surface area. For 10 points, name this quantity which gives the amount of magneticfield passing through a given area. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 PACE NSC // rd: 22 | |
| tossup 146 went dead. -- 22:43, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This compound is often used to selectively protect syn 1,2-diols in carbohydrate chemistry. This compound reacts with two equivalents of phenol to form the polycarbonate precursor bisphenol A. Chaim Weizmann [“KHA-eem VYTES-mon”] developed a process for producing (*) butanol, ethanol, and this compound by fermentation of carbohydrates. This is the preferred solvent for the Jones oxidation. The reaction of molecular oxygen with isopropyl benzene generates phenol and this compound in the Hock process. This compound and dry ice are combined to make a bath at negative-78 degrees Celsius. It is frequently used to clean glassware. For 10 points, name this simplest ketone often used in nail polish remover. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 SMT // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 147 went dead. -- 22:43, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This author wrote a satirical pamphlet from the point of view of a Church of England official, asking for complete suppression of Non-Conformists in The Shortest Way with the Dissenters. The title character of one of his novels accidentally marries her own half-brother in Virginia, after being released from Newgate Prison for being pregnant. The protagonist of another of his novels founds a plantation in Brazil, after escaping from a Moor who enslaved him. That character, based on Alexander Selkirk, is shipwrecked in a later journey, which sees him rescue a native from cannibals, whom he dubs Friday. For 10 points, name this author of Moll Flanders and Robinson Crusoe. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 BHSAT // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 148 went dead. -- 22:43, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Ferdinand I of this region defeated Bermudo III of another region, merging those two regions together. A ruler dubbed "the Cruel" from this region engaged in a conflict with his neighbor called the War of the Two Peters. Alfonso VIII hailed from here; he was the victorious commander at Las Navas de Tolosa, which led to the downfall of this region's Kingdom of Toledo. This was the home region of the mother of Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, Joanna the Mad. This region was united with Aragon when its queen married Ferdinand II. For 10 points, name this historical region that today is paired with La Mancha or Leon (lay-OWN), the home of Isabella. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2008 MUT // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 149 went dead. -- 22:43, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One variety of this mineral is named for DeWitt Clinton, and is an example of the "brittle" variety of this mineral. The soft phengite is a component of schist, while another variety, isinglass, is found in old wooden stoves. Interference patterns can help to detect another example of this mineral, as a characteristic "bird's eye" extinction pattern is produced. In addition to (*) muscovite, another member of this class of phylosilicates contains a significant amount of argon to be used for radioactive dating. These minerals are frequently used for electrical and thermal insulation due to their high dielectric strength. Biotite and lepidolite are additional examples of, FTP, what class of shiny aluminum silicates known for exhibiting perfect basal cleavage? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 ANGST // rd: Ottawa Britney | |
| tossup 150 went dead. -- 22:43, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Several reforms to this system were suggested by the Romanow commission, including asking Infoway to create a database. Certain provisions of this system were challenged in the Chaoulli case, and so-called P3 institutions are only partially within this system. Emmett Matthew Hall chaired two commissions responsible for developing and reforming it. A smaller version of this program was launched by Woodrow Lloyd after Baron Taylor negotiated the end of a strike; that program was developed by (*) Tommy Douglas. This program was launched when the HIDS act was extended by the government of Lester Pearson, who wanted it available to people "irrespective of their ability to pay". For 10 points, name this single-payer system which runs facilities like the Ottawa Hospital. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Penn-ance // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 151 went dead. -- 22:43, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The radiation emitted by the gaseous form of this element penetrates gas clouds at 1420 megahertz and has a characteristic 21cm wavelength. The Fischer-Tropp process entails converting a mixture of carbon monoxide and this element into usable energy. The stretches of bonds of carbon and this element show up at 2850 to 2950 in infrared spectra. When this element acquires a negative charge, it can be used to reduce carbonyl groups and carboxylic acids. This element is often produced when zinc is combined with hydrochloric acid. Some isotopes of this element include tritium and deuterium. For 10 points, name the first element on the periodic table. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 ACF Fall // rd: UCSD and Berkeley.doc | |
| tossup 152 went dead. -- 22:43, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Hadamard introduced the "narrow sense" of this principle, and Kirchoff used an obliquity factor to eliminate its retrogressive implications. It only holds for an odd number of spatial dimensions, as this allows for higher order terms to vanish in the polar wave equation. It was modified to include superposition, which allowed it to explain diffraction, by Fresnel, and its namesake showed how it explained Snell's Law. For 10 points, name this principle that says every point on a propagating wavefront produces secondary wavelets which comprise the envelope of the wave, named for the Dutch physicist whose eponymous probe split from the Cassini to land on Titan in 2004. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2008 ACF Regionals // rd: Irvine | |
| tossup 153 went dead. -- 22:44, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The sudden transition between two different mechanisms of this process is illustrated on the Nakiyama curve and is sometimes called this namesake process' "crisis." The entropy of this process is equal to approximately ten point five times the ideal gas constant according to Trouton's (TROW-tonz) rule. One device used to affect this chemical process contains a motor that rotates a flask containing the sample; that apparatus is used for (*) solvent removal. Nucleation during this process can cause a rapid expulsion of substance out of the tube in a process called bumping, which can be prevented by porous granules called chips. The temperature at which this occurs is elevated by the addition of solute in a colligative property. For 10 points, name this process in which a liquid changes into a gas. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 Penn Bowl // rd: 12 | |
| tossup 154 went dead. -- 22:44, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: These people were targeted in the Myall Creek Massacre and Battle of Pinjarra, and they participated in the 1946 Pilbara strike. These people traded land for blankets, sugar, apples, and other items in Batman's treaty. National Sorry Day was created for these people after the publication of the report Bringing Them Home. That report documented a policy of taking children of these people and bringing them up in white culture. An apology for their (*) "Stolen Generations" was given in a Kevin Rudd speech about these people. For 10 points, name these indigenous peoples of Australia. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 BHSAT // rd: Round 10 | |
| tossup 155 went dead. -- 22:44, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The major account of this man's deeds is paraphrased in the so-called "Short Report" and includes an episode in which a Muslim woman from Hornachos prophesied doom for many explorers, but great wealth for those that survive. In 1544, this man was arrested in Asuncion and brought to Seville in chains, where he was tried and sentenced to exile in present day Oran, Algeria. This man, who often imitated scenes of the Bible out of piety, was regarded as a (*) medicine man when he started curing many Indians through prayer and herbs. An account of this man's deeds and travels are preserved in his namesake La Relacion, and he was the treasurer of the Narvaez expedition, which included a voyage from Florida to Galveston Island. For 10 points, identify this explorer and conquistador who explored the American South and Mexico during the early 16th century. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Chicago Open // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 156 went dead. -- 22:44, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Construction began in 312 BC, when the Roman army was being soundly defeated by the Samnites during the Second Samnite War. Named after a Roman censor who was noted for his public works projects, it was built with a swell in the middle to allow water to run off the sides, and it had ditches on both sides to collect the water. The emperor Trajan would later build the Via Traiana in order to reach Brindisi by a shorter route. For 10 points, identify this queen of the long roads leading to Brindisi from the Roman coliseum. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 Fall Kickoff Tournament // rd: FKT Editor 3.rtf | |
| tossup 157 went dead. -- 22:44, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Three year's during this monarch's rule were known as the Liberal Triennium during which a military coup led by Colonel Rafael Riego ran his nation. This monarch's reactionary policies resulted in the last ten years of his reign being known as "the ominous decade," and he rescinded the Constitution of 1812 after the aforementioned Triennium was overthrown by French intervention following the Congress of Verona. This ruler's absence during a French occupation led him to be known as "the desired," and he assumed his throne after forcing the abdication of his father and the dismissal of his rival Manuel de Godoy during the Revolt of Aranjuez. This man's marriage to Maria Cristina of the Two Sicilies and the subsequent birth of his daughter Isabella led him to promulgate his predecessor Charles IV's unpublished revocation of the Salic law in an 1830 Pragmatic Sanction. That resulted in Isabella being crowned queen upon this man's 1833 death against the wishes of his brother. For ten points, identify this king of Spain from 1814 until 1833, whose death touched off the First Carlist War. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 Chicago Open // rd: 2010 - Chicago Open - Round 13 - Speculative Hipsters.doc | |
| tossup 158 went dead. -- 22:44, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Research by Michael Worobey et al. in 2004 conclusively debunked a theory of the creation of this entity that had previously been discredited by the Wistar committee. In the 1999 book The River, Edward Hooper expounded on a theory about the creation of this entity first published in a 1992 Rolling Stone article written by Tom Curtis. The scientist who developed a “rule” that attempted to explain altruism, W. D. Hamilton, died from an ulcer after contracting malaria while investigating the theory that this entity had been accidentally created by a team led by Hilary Koprowski. A KGB propaganda campaign, which was channeled through a report written by Jakob Segal, held that this entity was created in the 1970s at Fort Detrick in Maryland. Another debunked theory claims that it was accidentally created during work on the oral polio vaccine in the Congo. The “bushmeat theory” is still considered a plausible origin theory of, for 10 points, what virus that causes AIDS? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 ACF Nationals // rd: 3 - Editors | |
| tossup 159 went dead. -- 22:44, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Arturo Zychlinsky’s group reported that patients with lupus-induced nephritis are unable to degrade these structures. Volker Brinkmann, whose 2004 Science paper first reported these structures, established the convention of using phorbol myristate acetate to generate them and the viability dye Sytox Green to visualize them. The enzyme Pad4 must citrullinate proteins such as H1 and H2A before these structures can form. These structures name a form of cell (*) death that comes in a “suicidal” type mediated by reactive oxygen species, or a “vital” type in which chemotactic functions are retained. Streptococcus pneumoniae expresses a surface endonuclease allowing them to escape from these structures. These structures are made up of azurophilic granule-derived enzymes such as elastase, which complex to decondensed chromatin and DNA. For 10 points, name these fibers that neutrophils release to ensnare pathogens. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Chicago Open // rd: Finals 1 | |
| tossup 160 went dead. -- 22:44, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: 8. Lee, Osheroff, and Richardson hypothesized that the properties of an isotope of an element in this group were due to fermions forming Cooper pairs. One of these elements forms a Rollin film that exhibits the fountain effect at low temperatures. An element’s abbreviated (*) electron configuration puts the chemical symbol of the last preceding member of this group in square brackets. Neil Bartlett discovered that another one of these elements could form a compound with platinum and six fluorine atoms despite this group’s unreactivity. For ten points, name this group of elements which have full valence electron shells and include helium and xenon. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 LIST III // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 161 went dead. -- 22:44, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: During the Civil War, one incident in this state saw Bennett H. Young lead Confederate raiders into a small village to rob banks. That incident, the St. Albans Raid, was the northernmost land action of the Civil War. One founder of this state wrote the anti religious polemic Reason: The Only Oracle of Man. That founder fought in the Revolutionary War, but was captured by British General (*) Guy Carleton at the Battle of Longue-Pointe. This state is not New York, but has a holiday commemorating John Stark and Seth Warner's 1777 defeat of John Burgoyne at the Battle of Bennington. It served as an independent republic in the 1780's and was the first state outside the original 13 colonies to join the Union. For 10 points, name this New England state, the home of the man who seized Fort Ticonderoga, Ethan Allen. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 Minnesota Open // rd: Round 06 - Michigan.doc | |
| tossup 162 went dead. -- 22:44, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A pioneering handbook of these devices was created, in part, by the humorful Igor Karassik; in theintroduction to that handbook, W. C. Krutzch and Paul Cooper divide them into two types: displacementand dynamic. Graphs that depict the performance of one device of this type typically include severaldifferent impeller sizes and an NPSH and system curve, from which one can determine the best efficiencypoints. That type of this device is used for forced circulation, has a power that can be calculated as flowrate times specific weight times head over its namesake efficiency, and is the centrifugal type. Another typeof these devices has a coefficient of performance given by the heat transfer from the high-temperaturereservoir over the heat transfer difference between the high- and low-temperature reservoirs; that type ofthis device can be thought of as the opposite of a refrigerator. For 10 points, identify this type of device thatmoves a fluid. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 VCU Open // rd: 2013 | |
| tossup 163 went dead. -- 22:44, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Specific name required. One paper written by this man makes reference to a time-stamp mechanism developed by Haber and Stornetta. That paper was one of several documents analyzed by Joshua Davis for the New Yorker. In 2014, some guy named Jeffrey claimed that he'd sell the contents of this man's gmx.com e-mail address for $12,000. This man (*) transferred ownership of some of his creations to Gavin Andersen. A paper he wrote described how "as long as a majority of CPU power is controlled by nodes that are not cooperating to attack the network, they'll generate the longest chain and outpace attackers". Leah McGrath Goodman claimed to have identified this person in a cover story for the re-launch of the print edition of Newsweek. Nathaniel Popper's book Digital Gold contains a denial from Nick Szabo that he's this person. This person is supposedly a 40-something Japanese man. For 10 points, give this pseudonym of the inventor of bitcoin. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 We Have Never Been Modern // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 164 went dead. -- 22:45, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: According to a legend told by the losers in this conflict, they had a female warrior named Zarcamodonia, who killed 18 enemy soldiers by her own hand, using only roasting spits and stones. The losers sent a delegation to Constantinople to try to forge an alliance with Selim II, but he refused. For his service in this conflict, the writer Garcilaso de la Vega received a military promotion. One side's leader, Aben Humeya, was strangled to death in a coup by his subordinate Diego Alguacil. It ended after the decisive Battle of Galera, which resulted in the Alpujarras region being retaken by the army of Don John of Austria. This conflict was sparked by a decree calling for the namesake people to abandon their dress and submit to education by Catholic priests. FTP, name this 1568 uprising in Granada against Phillip II, named for the term given to converted Muslims in Spain. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Chicago Open // rd: Petereson | |
| tossup 165 went dead. -- 22:45, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The oxidoreductase PDIA3 and the heterodimer TAP1/TAP2 are responsible for loading these complexes via an endoplasmic reticulum pathway. Natural killer cells recognise and are activated by a lack of these complexes on viruses, a phenomenon known as ‘missing-self’. In humans, the gene complex encoding these (*) cell-surface proteins resides on a stretch within chromosome 6p21, and is known as HLA. For 10 points, name this protein complex that presents antigens to T cells, found in class I and class II forms. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Cambridge Open // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 166 went dead. -- 22:45, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This politician objected to the Mexican War by giving his Spot Resolutions. This leader gave the "HouseDivided" speech, and he engaged in a series of debates with Stephen (*) Douglas during the 1858 Senateelection. The Emancipation Proclamation was signed by this president, who was shot in Ford's Theatre by JohnWilkes Booth. For 10 points, name this president who served during the Civil War. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Collaborative MS Tournament // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 167 went dead. -- 22:45, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In this novel, a character tells a story about a doctor's housekeeper who accidentally cooks a human brain specimen for dinner, believing it to be a cow's brain. At the beginning of this novel, the protagonist meets his friend Julio Aracil and they attend a lecture together. Despite quickly becoming disenchanted with medical school, the protagonist becomes a doctor in the remote town of Alcolea and laters returns to his native Madrid to work as a doctor of hygiene. The narrative of this novel is interrupted by a lengthy philosophical dialogue in which the protagonist defends idealism against the pragmatism of his uncle, Dr. Iturrioz. The protagonist, who ends up marrying Lulú, is named Andrés Hurtado. For 10 points, name this novel by PÃo Baroja whose English title references the Book of Genesis. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 WELD // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 168 went dead. -- 22:45, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man learned one of his hobbies from the Belgian diplomat Andre de Staercke, and he commercialized that passion on advice from Keith Urbahn, his former chief of staff, into a product that starts users as a Sandhurst Cadet. This man was the CEO of HDTV pioneer General Instrument when that company went public in 1993 and later headed Gilead Sciences. This man does his work in an office that contains a scrap from (*) American Airlines Flight 77 on his standing desk. This entrepreneur stated, "I was the beta-tester, is that what you call it?" when describing the dictaphone "snowflakes" he sent to the development team on his app, Churchill Solitaire. I've read countless shitty business books which repeat this man's taxonomy of unknowns. For 10 points, name this former Secretary of Defense who supervised the US invasion of Iraq. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 A Culture of Improvement // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 169 went dead. -- 22:45, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Due to their stronger bond energy to carbon, this phenomenon is weaker in deuterium-labeled and tritium-labeled compounds, which in turn lowers its kinetic isotope effect. This phenomenon describes the additional stability that results when a neighboring carbon atom is replaced with silicon. The negative form of this phenomenon is most commonly observed in carbon–fluorine and carbon–oxygen (*) bonds. This phenomenon explains why the alpha-epimer of glucose is more prevalent and why tertiary carbocations are more stable. This phenomenon provides an explanation for why the staggered conformation of ethane is more stable than its eclipsed conformation. For 10 points, name this phenomenon in which the electrons of a sigma bond interact with a partially filled pi orbital. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Sun God Invitational // rd: 13 | |
| tossup 170 went dead. -- 22:45, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A failed parley before this battle devolved into a Benny Hill-esque attempt to retrieve a bucket of mud placed on a messenger’s head. In one account, this battle’s outcome was assured when a looter accidentally dropped a camel-load of weaponry on Rostam Farrokhzād’s head in a sandstorm. This battle ended with a surprise charge the day after the winning side neutralized the opposing elephants by blinding them and cutting off their trunks. The deliberately staggered arrival to this battle of veterans of (*) Yarmouk lent a key moral boost to the winning side of this battle, which ended an attempt to recover territory lost after the battles of the Chains, the River, Walaja, and ’Ullais. The losers of this battle would be fully conquered after the battle of Nahavand. For 10 points, name this decisive battle of the Muslim conquest of Mesopotamia and which crippled the Sassanid Empire. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: WORLDSTAR // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 171 went dead. -- 22:45, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One character in this novel bribes a driver with two cigarettes to bring him to a house where he finds two geese, which he kills, eats, and uses as pillow fluff. In one scene from this novel, one character attempts to cure the bedwetting of Tjaden by making him share a bed with Kindervater, who is also a bedwetter. The main character feels uncomfortable during a pub conversation with his father and knifes a typesetter, Gérard Duval, after which he slowly watches him die. One boy in this novel gives his prized foresting boots to his friends when they visit him in his hospital room. Characters in this novel include a (*) training officer named Corporal Himmelstoss and the protagonist's best friend, who is nicknamed Kat. The title of the work is the only phrase given by the German army report for the otherwise unremarkable date when Paul Bäumer dies.  For 10 points, name this 1929 novel set during World War One by Erich Maria Remarque. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 ANGST // rd: Lisgar | |
| tossup 172 went dead. -- 22:45, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: When deriving the symplectic condition for a canonical transformation, this operation applied to a column matrix M, containing n generalized coordinates and n generalized momenta, is set equal to the product of a two n-by-two n block matrix times the partial of the Hamiltonian with respect to M. This operation is applied to the generating function in a canonical transformation. Adding this operation applied to an arbitrary function of the generalized coordinates to a Lagrangian gives another valid Lagrangian that yields the same equations of motion. This operation is applied to the generalized coordinates and momenta on the left side of Hamilton's equations. It is also applied to the derivative of the Lagrangian with respect to the generalized velocity in the Euler-Lagrange equation. Applying this operation to action gives the Lagrangian. For 10 points, name this operation often indicated by putting a single dot over a variable, which can be applied to position to give velocity. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 ACF Nationals // rd: Editors 5 | |
| tossup 173 went dead. -- 22:45, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This newspaper was sued by Alabama public safety officer Louis B. Sullivan. Its long-time publisher, Arthur Ochs Sulzberger, died in 2012. It won one of its 108 Pulitzer prizes for printing The Pentagon Papers. One nickname of this newspaper is "the Old (*) Gray Lady." "All the News That's Fit to Print" is the motto of, for 10 points, what daily newspaper published in the "Big Apple"? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Collaborative MS Tournament // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 174 went dead. -- 22:45, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: During this crusade, its leader received an embassy under the command of his friend Fakhr-ad-Din, and sent back a series of questions on geometry and number theory, which that leader's counterpart gave to his scholars to answer. This crusade's leader forcibly took over John of Ibelin's control of Cyprus, leading to the War of the Lombards. Prior to this crusade, its leader repeatedly obtained postponements from Honorius III, despite having taken the cross during his coronation. That leader of this crusade would later take the cross again from Ugolino of Ostia, with whom he would clash when the latter became pope. While this crusade was getting underway, the death of al-Mu'azzzam, (*) the governor of Damascus, prompted French crusaders to fortify the island of Qal'at al-Bahr. This was the first crusade to be carried out without papal support, since its leader had been excommunicated by Gregory IX for his constant delays. This crusade mostly passed without any actual battles, as its leader, Frederick II, negotiated with al-Malik, the Sultan's nephew, for possession of Jerusalem. For 10 points, name this crusade which both preceded and followed crusades focusing on Damietta. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 Chicago Open // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 175 went dead. -- 22:45, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: . It's not a naval battle in the Pacific, but this event resulted in decorations being issued to the crew of the soon-to-be-decommissioned USS Preserver. Boy Scout Troop 514 sponsored an American flag that amazingly survived this event. A speech given in the wake of this event stated "We've grown used to wonders in this century" and that those who (*) died in it had tried to "touch the face of God." It caused the failure of the Spartan 203 Mission. Donald Kutyna received leaked information while investigating this event, which resulted in a televised demonstration of how rubber behaves in cold temperatures. Blow holes in asbestos-filled putty was identified as a risk factor for this event by the Rogers Commission. For 10 points, name this 1986 disaster in which an American space shuttle exploded. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 Listory // rd: Tiebreakers | |
| tossup 176 went dead. -- 22:45, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Using Danishefsky's dienes with these compounds in thermal Diels-Alder reactions results in the predominant trans product and a non-concerted mechanism. Nagata came up with a method to purify mixtures of these substances by adding DBU to 1,2,3 - trimethylbenzene. An impractical way to make these compounds is by pyrolytic dehydration or dehalogenation. Sarcosine forms a bridge over them in one reaction. Usually produced by the Hufmann-Kratschmer method, these participants in the Prato reaction can follow isolated pentagon rules and can have a few of their bonds broken to introduce small molecules via the open cage method. Consisting of tube, ellipsoid, and sphere shaped compounds, for 10 points, name these carbon molecules, including C60, which is called the buckyball. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 MAGNI // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 177 went dead. -- 22:45, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Eloy Burga's return to this nation sparked conflict with the Pizarro-Rubia casta, partially caused by the discontent Antero Aspillaga, who was cast down by the Partido Civil in favor of Guillermo Billinghurst. Billinghurst was in turn overthrown by the coup of Manuel Prado and Oscar Benavides, and major political parties in this nation's history include the AP of Fernando Belaunde Terry and Victor Raul Haya de la Torre's APRA. This nation was home to the La Cantuta Massacre under a leader who also instituted anti-terrorist policies against the followers of a man calling himself President Gonzalo. For 10 points, name this country, home to the human rights abuses of both the Shining Path and Alberto Fujimori. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 Sun n Fun // rd: Round by Shantanu Jha and Chris Ray.docx | |
| tossup 178 went dead. -- 22:46, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Artemisinin and praziquantel treat conditions caused by these types of organisms. The mafia hypothesis describes the behavior of one type of them, and abdominal swelling accompanies schistosomiasis, a disease caused by one of them. Trypanosomiasis, or sleeping sickness, is caused by a (*) protozoan example of these organisms. Their “brood” type manipulates other organisms into raising their young. The Plasmodium genus of these organisms can cause malaria, and their examples include flukes and tapeworms. For 10 points, name this type of organism that benefits at the expense of a host. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 GSAC XXV // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 179 went dead. -- 22:46, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: After being refused a position in this organization, George Gorham controversially appealed to the Privy Council. A speech by Benjamin Hoadly sparked another controversy within this organization, known as the Bangorian Controversy. The Prebendaries' Plot tried to oust a leader of this organization. Some members of this organization started the (*) nonjuring schism by refusing to swear oaths of allegiance. The Millenary Petition complained about some of this organization's practices, leading to a meeting between members of this organization and the king at Hampton Court Palace. Martin Marprelate wrote pamphlets attacking members of this organization. In 1645, the head of this church, William Laud, was executed. For 10 points, name this church founded by Henry VIII. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 MLK // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 180 went dead. -- 22:46, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Just after this battle concluded, a six foot tall female baker with six fingers on each hand supposedly killed eight soldiers trying to hide out in her bakery. A group of two hundred unmarried nobles comprised a left vanguard in this battle called the Lovers' Flank, while the less-effective right wing was dubbed the Honeysuckle Flank. The victorious general at this battle, who became known as the Saint Constable, inscribed the name of the Blessed Virgin Mary on his sword. His monarch also honored Mary in the wake of this victory by building the Monastery of Batalha, and two years later, he married (*) Philippa of Lancaster after being aided by English longbowmen in this contest. This battle saw the general Nuno Alvares Pereira rout the forces of John of Castile, paving the way for ascent of the Aviz Dynasty. For 10 points, name this 1385 victory for John I of Portugal. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 Chicago Open History // rd: Tiebreakers | |
| tossup 181 went dead. -- 22:46, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In this novel, a character says that he plans to "expunge" his notes and sketches from "the memory of man," leading a character named Webster to ask not to be drawn in his notebook. At one point in this novel, a group of characters use their own urine to produce makeshift gunpowder to fend off their pursuers, and those characters later use a ferry operation as a cover to rob travellers trying to cross the Colorado River. Its protagonist escapes from that operation with Tobin and Toadvine, and is presumably killed in an outhouse at this novel's end by a seven-foot-tall, hairless pedophile who earlier rode with him as part of the Glanton Gang. For 10 points, name this novel featuring the Kid and Judge Holden, a work about scalp hunting on the US-Mexico border by Cormac McCarthy. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 ACF Regionals // rd: Harvard - Florida A - Louisville A | |
| tossup 182 went dead. -- 22:46, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In On Modesty, Tertullian ironically gives Pope Calixtus I this title for issuing an edict that removed the repentance needed for adultery. This title's holder held the secespita and the Lex Domitia allowed the people to elect the members of the group that elected one of their own to hold this title. It was first established by Numa Pompilius and the Lex Ogulnia increased that group to 9. This title's holder oversaw the flamines, lived in the Domus Publica, and was forbidden to leave Italy, though (*) Julius Caesar ignored that prohibition. Gratian was the last emperor to hold this title and the popes eventually assumed this former imperial title. People holding this position were responsible for regulating the calendar, maintaining pax decorum or peace of the gods, and watching over the Vestal Virgins. For 10 points, name this head of the Roman state religion. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Missiles of October // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 183 went dead. -- 22:46, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Some equations named for this scientist and Archibald Hill describe binding equilibria in formation of molecular complexes in biological systems, while a formula named for him and Knudsen describes gas flow through a cylindrical tube. His name is given to certain films built up through deposition of his namesake monolayers onto a solid substrate and produced by a trough named for him and Blodgett. An equation named for him relates fraction of coverage of molecules on a solid surface to amount of solute absorbed at a given concentration; this is known as his isotherm, or his adsorption equation. A law named for him and Child governs space-charge-limited flow of electron current, and is known as the Three-Halves Power Law. FTP, name this physicist whose name also adorns the ► electrostatic waves in a weakly magnetized plasma, and a certain probe used to measure plasma characteristics. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 The Experiment II // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 184 went dead. -- 22:46, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A character in this play angrily demands a clock to strike ten before saying that "Betwixt thy begging and my meditation. / I am not in the giving vein today." It's not part of the Henriad, but discussion of the claim that "succeeding ages have re-edified" a place begun by Julius Caesar precedes an aside in this play which asserts that "So wise, so young, they say, do never live long." The line "Off with his head! So much for" a character in this play was added in a rewriting by (*) Colley Cibber. Ghosts of the title character of this play's victims command him to "despair and die." The speaker of a soliloquy in this play resolves that "since I cannot prove a lover...I am determined to prove a villain." The title character of this play's last lines before being slain by Richmond is "A horse! A horse! My kingdom for a horse!" For 10 points, name this Shakespeare play that begins with Gloucester declaiming "Now is the winter of our discontent made glorious summer by this son of York." | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 WAO // rd: Sarma/Horton and Swift/Newcombe and Ankit et al | |
| tossup 185 went dead. -- 22:46, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: If using immersion lithography, one can realistically have values for this quantity that are greater than 1, in which case you might prefix it with "hyper-". In optical lithography, the resolution is inversely 3 proportional to this quantity while the depth of focus is inversely proportional to its square. The V number can be simplified to this quantity times core diameter times pi over wavelength. For an optical fiber, this quantity is the square root of the difference between the squared (*) indices of refraction for 6 the core and cladding. In general, it's equal to the index of refraction times the sine of half the cone angle ofthe lens. For 10 points, name this quantity that measures the ability of a lens to collect light. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 Claude Shannon Memorial Tournament // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 186 went dead. -- 22:46, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In this work, Aunt Alexandra lives at the Landing before moving in with the narrator, who she always calls Jean Louise. That narrator finds gum and pennies hidden in a tree. In this novel, Tom Robinson's rape trial causes (*) Bob Ewell to attack Jem and Scout, who are saved by Boo Radley. This work depicts race relations in Maycomb, Alabama, and concerns the lawyer Atticus Finch. For 10 points, name this work by Harper Lee. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 SCOP Novice // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 187 went dead. -- 22:46, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One branch of physics named for two of these entities describes single and double resolved processes which result in the formation of a vector meson. Their differential cross section is proportional to the square of the fine structure constant, and is given by the Klein-Nishina formula. Pair production describes their interaction with a (*) nucleus, creating a positron and an electron. The wavelength of one of these particles decreases in an effect named for the winner of the 1927 Nobel Prize in Physics, and is caused by their collision with electrons. For 10 points, identify these particles whose energy is decreased in Compton scattering, the quanta of light. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 RAVE // rd: Replacements and Tiebreakers | |
| tossup 188 went dead. -- 22:46, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A character in this novel becomes a vegetarian and begins wearing a diaper after travelling as a beggar in India. While searching her house for walking mummies, a woman in this novel discovers nude pictures of servants in her husband's secret photo studio. In this novel, a former patron of the Red Lantern brothel receives three human fingers in the mail, which parallel the three fingers he had once (*) cut off Pedro Tercero's hand. This novel's first and last sentence is "Barrabas came to us by sea." Near the end of this novel, the prostitute Transito Soto secures the release of the revolutionary Alba. In this novel, the death of her green-haired woman leads the owner of Tres Marias to marry her sister, the clairvoyant Clara del Valle. For 10 points, name this novel about the Trueba family by Isabelle Allende | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 STIMPY // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 189 went dead. -- 22:46, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man was the first to prove that rainfall was a result of changes in temperature, and he also proposed that discoloration of the vitreous humor was the cause of color blindness. This man noted that oxygen only combined with a certain amount of nitrous oxide or twice that amount, but no intermediate amount, discovering the Law of Multiple Proportions. This pioneer of atomic theory designed the "billiard ball" model of the atom as an indivisible, indestructible unit of matter. For 10 points, name this English chemist whose namesake law states that the total pressure of non-reactive gases is equal to the sum of individual partial pressures. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Prison Bowl // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 190 went dead. -- 22:46, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A work predating Bram Stoker’s Dracula by 26 years describes a vampire who has this trait, Carmilla. A character who displays this trait clings to a picture of a European knight, who turns out to be Joan of Arc. This trait is exhibited by Randolph and Joel in Other Voices, Other Rooms. The poem (*) “Phainetai Moi” describes this trait in its poet, who was known as “the tenth muse.” De Profundis was written as a philosophical work for Lord Alfred Douglass during time one possessor of this trait spent in Reading Gaol. For ten points, name this trait exhibited by Yukio Mishima, Truman Capote, Sappho, and Oscar Wilde. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Montgomery Blair Academic Tournament (MBAT) // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 191 went dead. -- 22:46, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The protagonist of this novel is scarred by the image of a woman cutting hairs off of an ugly birthmark on her breast, which he saw at age eight. That protagonist feels that he has "known a woman for the first time" when he sleeps with a woman twenty years his senior, but later rejects her, causing her to kill herself with an overdose of sleeping pills. The protagonist of this novel falls in love with (*) Fumiko after she smashes the Shino bowl that had belonged to her mother, Mrs. Ota, who used to be the mistress of the protagonist's father. Another of his father's mistresses, Kurimoto, tries to entrap Kikuji Mitani in a marriage to Yukiko by inviting them to a tea ceremony. For 10 points, name this Yasunari Kawabata novel titled after the decorations on Yukiko's dress, which are said to cure disease. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Missiles of October // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 192 went dead. -- 22:47, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One leader of this government resigned after his son-in-law was accused of stealing Legion of Honor decorations. Another leader of this government died while having sex with Marguerite Steinheil. The Trial of the Thirty involved breaches of the speech-restricting Villainous Laws passed by it. The 16 May Crisis marked the decline of the Royalist faction of this government in favor of the Opportunist Republicans. Its survival was threatened by a general nicknamed "Revenge", Georges (*) Boulanger. Jules Ferry promoted Laïcité in education during it. During this government, which was led at different times by Felix Faure and Patrice MacMahon, Ferdinand Esterhazy was acquitted of espionage charges and a scapegoat was sent to Devil's Island due to anti-semitic sentiment. For 10 points, the Dreyfus Affair occurred during what French republic that was replaced by Vichy France? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Penn-ance // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 193 went dead. -- 22:47, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: An anonymous poet from this country wrote of a cat, "His whole instinct is to hunt, / Mine to free the meaning pent." A medieval tale from this country concerns a king who is cursed with madness by a bishop, then begins to levitate and lives among the trees like a bird. "Pangur Bán" is a poem from this country, whose other early literature includes a poem about Sweeney, who visits places like (*) Swim-Two-Birds. A modern poet from this country wrote of his brother being buried in "A four-foot box, a foot for every year" and concludes "Between my finger and my thumb / The squat pen rests. / I'll dig with it" in poems from his Death of a Naturalist. For 10 points, name this home country of Seamus Heaney and the Book of Armagh, which contains the Confession of St. Patrick. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 PACE NSC // rd: Finals 1 | |
| tossup 194 went dead. -- 22:47, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One technique in the nonlinear branch of this field uses a so-called sliding-mode. Solving the algebraic Riccati equation is tantamount to solving the infinite horizon LQR problem in this field. That solution arises from solving the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation with linear dynamics, and arises in the “optimal” type of this field. Classical techniques of performance analysis in this field include the (*) Nyquist criterion, and the Ziegler-Nichols tuning rules can choose gains for the proportion-integral-derivative feedback devices used in this field. For 10 points, name this field which designs systems to make plants achieve a desired output. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 WAO II // rd: 15 | |
| tossup 195 went dead. -- 22:47, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This character declares that women 'Down from the waist...are centaurs" and "let copulation thrive!" In Act Five, this character tells onlookers "Had I your tongues and eyes, I'd use them so / That heaven's vault should crack." This character is told he'd "make a good fool" after guessing why "the seven stars are no more than seven." He yells things like "Look, look a (*) mouse!" and "Blow, winds, and crack your cheeks!" This title character rips off his clothes in a storm and enters "fantastically dressed with wild flowers" after going insane. For 10 points, name this character who banishes Cordelia and divides his kingdom amongst his daughters Regan and Goneril, in a Shakespeare tragedy. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 BHSAT // rd: Round 5 | |
| tossup 196 went dead. -- 22:47, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: 18. During an incident on this island, wounded soldiers ate lettuce while whispering “run, rabbit, run” as a form of dissent. Ken G. Hall won an Academy Award for his film about military action on this island, which he sourced from newsreels taken by Damien Parer. Sydney Rowell and Arthur Allen were dismissed during a campaign on this island conducted by the Maroubra Force. The Dobodura base on this island was used to scramble planes to defend from aerial assaults in Operation I-Go. Soldiers on one side of a campaign on this island were assisted by natives called the (*) “Fuzzy-Wuzzy Angels.” Control of this island’s Owen Stanley Range was contested during the Kokoda Track Campaign, which, like the Battle of the Coral Sea, sought to prevent Japanese control of Port Moresby. For 10 points, name this island also known as Papua. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Historature // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 197 went dead. -- 22:47, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Paul Foot falsely alleged that the murder of anti-nuclear activist Hilda Murrell had been part of a coverup about this event. During a phone-in television show, a leader involved in this event was questioned about it by a geography teacher named Diana Gould. Michael Heseltine's efforts to conceal the facts of this event prompted Clive Ponting to leak documents about it to Tam Dalyell, who believed that this action had been carried out to undermine a (*) peace plan proposed by Peruvian president Fernando Terry. This action was supposedly carried out because Sandy Woodward's task force was threatened by the presence of exocet missiles in the Total Exclusion Zone. After this event, the Sun ran the headline "Gotcha!" For 10 points, name this controversial attack which destroyed an Argentine naval cruiser early in the Falklands War. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 SHEIKH // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 198 went dead. -- 22:47, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This character's golden hair reminds another character of wheat fields. He is told, "It is only with the heart that one can see rightly; what is essential is invisible to the eye" by a character that he "tames". This character jumps off a wall and is bitten by a snake because he's concerned about his muzzle-less sheep. This enthusiast of sunsets and enemy of all things baobab tells stories about a lamp-lighter and a star-collector, advancing his premise that grown-ups are very strange. The narrator encounters this rose-obsessed character after his plane crashes in the Sahara Desert. For 10 points, name this alien from asteroid B-612 in a novella by Antoine de Saint-Exupery. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Brookwood Invitational Scholars Bowl // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 199 went dead. -- 22:47, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: An obscure newspaper called the Patriot spread this idea, which sparked a craze for ubhejane (OOB-heh-jah-nay). Zackie Achmat organized red-shirted protesters against this idea. Matthias Rath, who pro ted from this idea by selling to Khayelitsha residents, was sued by the TAC. The Washington Post leaked a world leader's letter to Bill Clinton espousing this belief that approvingly cited Peter Duesberg. In East Germany, a report by Jakob Segal involving sheep in Fort Detrick, Maryland endorsed this belief; Segal testi ed to further a joint KGB-Stasi plot to spread it. When confronted on this belief on-air, a politician nicknamed "Dr. Beetroot" snapped, "I am not Manto to you." The Durban Declaration denounced this belief, whose acceptance by the Mbeki government from 2000 to 2005 may have killed up to 300,000 South Africans. For 10 points, identify this pseudoscienti c belief which questions the viral origin of a sexually-transmitted immune de ciency syndrome. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 ACF Nationals // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 200 went dead. -- 22:47, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In a poem by this author, the speaker addresses the title heavenly body and begs it to “say something” before it responds, “I burn.” Besides “Choose Something Like a Star,” this author wrote another poem in which he recounts how “one luminary clock against the sky / Proclaimed the time was neither wrong nor right.” In another poem (*) by this author of “Acquainted With the Night,” the speaker announces that he has “promises to keep” before noting that he has “miles to go before I sleep.” For 10 points, name this American poet of “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening.” | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 HFT XIII // rd: Round 11 | |
| tossup 201 went dead. -- 22:47, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This entity's presence in a two-dimensional conductor creates Landau levels in the quantum hall effect. The Lorentz force on a particle is given by charge times velocity cross this entity, which is equal to the curl of the vector potential. They are expelled from superconductors in the Meissner effect, and Faraday's law of induction describes how a changing one produces an electrical current. They are formed when an electrical current passes through a solenoid, and Gauss showed that the divergence of these entities is zero unless monopoles exist. For 10 points, name this entity most commonly associated with objects with north and south poles. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Maggie Walker GSAC // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 202 went dead. -- 22:47, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A vain leader of this people died after drawing his bow to kill a charging dagger-wielder, only to feel his foot slip, making the arrow misfire. These non-Buyid people cut up existing estates to pay their soldiers using the iqta system. One of these people's appointees, Zengi, split off to form his own emirate. After these people won at Dandanaqan, they took the area around Khorasan from the Ghaznavids. Their treasury was raided in the wake of their loss at Dorylaeum. One offshoot of this dynastic group was the Sultanate of Rum. These people were united by Toghrul after branching off from the Oghuz. The Byzantine emperor Romanus Diogenes lost to their leader Alp Arslan at Manzikert in 1071. For 10 points, name these people who were rebelled against by Osman, a Sunni dynasty of Turks. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 MAGNI // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 203 went dead. -- 22:47, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In the book The Angel, it is alleged that this leader ordered for a submarine to torpedo the RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 while it was travelling to Haifa for the twenty-fifth anniversary of Israel's creation. This leader proclaimed the establishment of the African Union in his hometown of Sirte. This leader proposed the idea of Jamahiriya, or the "state of the masses." This former leader was protected by an all- (*) female bodyguard unit called the Amazonian Guard, and he outlined his political philosophy in The Green Book. He came to power after overthrowing King Idris I, and he gave a hero's welcome to Mohammed al-Megrahi, a perpetrator of the Lockerbie bombing. For 10 points, name this former military dictator of Libya. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 EMT // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 204 went dead. -- 22:48, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The most efficient classical method of performing this operation is selecting a pair of small-degreepolynomials over the rationals with a common integer root in the General Number Field Sieve. Amethod of doing this which finds a cycle in a pseudo-random sequence is Pollard's rho algorithm.Shor developed a polynomial-time algorithm for doing this on a (*) quantum computer. The ability toperform this function quickly for large inputs would defeat RSA encryption. A simple method ofperforming this operation is trial division, and this problem is somewhat more difficult than primalitytesting. For 10 points, identify this operation which decomposes a number into the product of powers ofprimes. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 PACE NSC // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 205 went dead. -- 22:48, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: An experimental city in this country is said to belong to “humanity as a whole”, yet has less than 2,500 residents. That city, the Roger Anger-designed Auroville, has a large golden sphere at its center. Another monument in this country depicts a symbolically enlarged pinky and thumb with a single line across the palm, called the (*) Open Hand Monument. More famous examples of monuments in this country include a collection of nineteen astronomical instruments, called Jantar Mantar, and the Golden Temple at Amritsar. For 10 points, name this country home to Shah Jahan’s marble mausoleum, the Taj Mahal. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 FACTS // rd: Ed 3 | |
| tossup 206 went dead. -- 22:48, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Those in the presence of a holder of this office were expected to perform the submission ritual of madegdeg, in which they removed their shawl, tied it around their waist, and bowed. Holders of this office were assisted by an official called the "Mouth of the King." One holder of this office imprisoned the diplomat Hormuzd Rassam, resulting in his country being the target of a British expedition led by Robert Napier and forcing that holder of this office to commit suicide. Holders of this office are traditionally crowned at the Church of Our Lady Mary of Zion. Zewditu I was the last woman to hold this title, having deposed Iyasu V. Another holder of this office signed the disputed Treaty of Wuchale. This office lost most of its authority during the Era of the Princes, and the emblem of this office features a tricolor flag being held by a lion, the "Lion of Judah." For 10 points, name this royal title last held by Haile Selassie. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 ACF Nationals // rd: BerkeleyRice | |
| tossup 207 went dead. -- 22:48, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The protagonist of this novel reads Gone with the Wind to his friend who is recuperating from burns in the hospital. Another character, Two-Bit, is a shoplifting specialist who gives his prized switchblade to another member of their group. The protagonist befriends Cherry Valance, who belongs to a rival group at the high school, and her boyfriend Bob was killed in self-defense by Johnny, leading to a climactic rumble in this novel. Featuring Dally and Soda Pop, FTP what is this young adult novel in which Johnny urges Ponyboy to "stay gold," written by S.E. Hinton? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Delta Burke // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 208 went dead. -- 22:48, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: John Trudell was called the “Voice” of this place, while LaNada Means and Stella Leach helped him restore the reputation of a movement in this place following the death of 13-year old Yvonne Oakes. A group led by Allen Cottier attempted to pay 47 cents per acre for this location in response to the Treaty of Fort Laramie, as it had been declared ‘surplus federal property.’ Un-Thanksgiving Day is held in this location, where a two-year (*) occupation by the IOAT helped inspire the American Indian Movement to seize the Mayflower II in 1970. A resident of this place published Diseases of Canaries despite being incarcerated in Leavenworth, and was known as the “Birdman.” Frank Morris and Clarence and John Anglin escaped from this place in 1962 on an unsteady raft. For 10 points, name this prison that was home to Al Capone, an island outside of San Francisco. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 Penn Bowl // rd: 12 | |
| tossup 209 went dead. -- 22:48, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Ribosome subunits pass through pores in this structure's namesake envelope and are produced in onepart of it. In one kind of cloning, this organelle is transferred into an egg that lacks one. The presence ofthis organelle distinguishes eukaryotes from prokaryotes. This organelle divides in two during mitosisbecause DNA is found here. For 10 points, name this information processing area of the cell. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Collaborative MS Tournament // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 210 went dead. -- 22:48, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A recent research study showed that active children who played in areas with a high concentration of this gas were three times more likely to develop respiratory illnesses later on in life. Sunlight can directly react with air pollutants to produce this gas, especially during the summer months when temperatures are high. Discovered by Christian Schonbein, this gas is toxic and explosive even in small quantities and is known for its distinctive odour. It can be produced by the cold discharge method and is measured in (*) Dobson units. When combined with zinc in acetic acid, it can also be used to cleave alkenes into ketones and aldehydes. Its strong oxidative power makes it an excellent disinfectant. FTP, name this light blue gas, depleted by chlorofluorocarbons, which plays an important role in absorbing ultraviolet light in the stratosphere. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 ANGST // rd: Finals 2 | |
| tossup 211 went dead. -- 22:48, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This novel’s opening paragraph notes that “we’ve got to live, no matter how many skies have fallen” after stating that “ours is essentially a tragic age, so we refuse to take it tragically.” This novel emphasizes the class divide between its main setting and the nearby town of Tevershall. Philip Larkin’s poem “Annus Mirabilis” mentions this novel just before mentioning “the Beatles’ first LP.” This novel’s protagonist visits (*) Venice with her sister Hilda, allowing her to claim that she had a love affair there. In this novel, Clifford’s paralysis from the waist down contributes to Constance’s decision to have an affair with Oliver Mellors. For 10 points, an obscenity trial against Penguin Books resulted from the publication of what D. H. Lawrence novel? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Early Fall Tournament (EFT) // rd: Packet 13 (Finals 1) | |
| tossup 212 went dead. -- 22:48, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In a process named for Arlon Hunt, this compound is used to expel alcohol in resorcinol-formaldehyde and tetra-ethyl-ortho-silicate mixtures, which are used to form aerogels. "Ambidextrous" surfactants developed by Keith Johnston are block-copolymers that have a hydrophilic block as well as a block that stabilizes the interface with this compound. Hagiwara et al. pioneered the use of this compound as a solvent for precipitation polymerization reactions using gamma-irradiation or AIBN as initiators. Uranium enrichment via the Silex process, and cutaneous lesion removal and resurfacing, both employ lasers in which molecules of this compound undergo population inversion. Its IR spectrum has an antisymmetric stretch at 2345 wavenumbers. It is used as a solvent for dry cleaning and for extracting caffeine in its supercritical form. For 10 points, name this compound that undergoes deposition to form dry ice. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 Chicago Open // rd: 16 | |
| tossup 213 went dead. -- 22:48, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The very strong CAG promoter contains the start of a gene encoding this protein in chickens. This 43-kilodalton protein and GAPDH are the most common loading controls for Western blots. This protein is stained red by phalloidin, and is regulated by the Rho GTPase family. Two critical concentrations of this protein determine if it polymerizes at the (*) barbed end, the pointed end, or both. At the cellular leading edge, it forms lamellipodia, and it can also bundle together to make stress fibers. A form this protein labelled F is formed by ATP hydrolysis and makes up a smaller component of the cytoskeleton than microtubules. For 10 points, name this protein found in microfilaments and separates myosin bands in sarcomeres. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 PACE NSC // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 214 went dead. -- 22:49, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This quantity is determined to be non-zero by an accelerating reference frame through a vacuum in the Unruh effect. This quantity for electrons following a certain probability distribution is multiplied by the number density and the Boltzmann constant to find the plasma pressure. This quantity can be measured on the (*) Rankine scale, and changes in it for air cause mirages. This quantity for an enclosed gas is directly proportional to pressure, according to Gay-Lussac’s law, and it is multiplied by the number of moles and a constant symbolized R on one side of the ideal gas law. For 10 points, name this quantity that can be measured on the Kelvin scale. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Prison Bowl XI // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 215 went dead. -- 22:49, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Two characters in this novel carry on their affair in a creaky bed above an invalid teenage girl, whose horrified reactions the author records with gusto. A character in this novel known as the Morgado spitefully denounces people who share the title character's profession. This novel's title character meets Carlota's husband, a dwarf with bloodshot eyes, while looking for an inn in which to raise a child. In this novel, the author of The District's Voice is excommunicated when he reveals his fiancée's premarital involvement with the novel's title character. This novel's protagonist meets and impregnates Amélia (*) Caminha after being transferred to Lisbon despite his job as a clergyman. For 10 points, name this realist novel about a horny priest by José Maria Eça de Queiroz. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 Gorilla Lit // rd: 0 | |
| tossup 216 went dead. -- 22:49, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One character in this work has a packet of matches inscribed with the words, "These Matches Were Stolen from Bob and Edie Burwick's House." Reading the word "happy" later causes this work's narrator to slam a diary shut. That diary in this work relates a story about a Buddhist master who states that a dead cat is the most valuable thing because no one can put a price on it, leading the diarist to answer a question about his future plans by saying that he would like to be a dead cat. The narrator is mistaken for Dickie Braganza by Mrs. (*) Silsburn, and forms a bond with a tiny man in a top hat, who turns out to be the deaf-mute uncle of the father of the bride, at a wedding that the narrator attends after receiving a letter from his sister Boo-Boo. Taking its title from a Sappho line that Buddy finds written on his bathroom mirror, for 10 points, name this novella by J. D. Salinger about Seymour Glass' wedding. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 Chicago Open // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 217 went dead. -- 22:49, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Only females of the species Papilio polytes (pah-PILL-ee-oh PAWL-ih-teez) exhibit polymorphism of this behavior, which is controlled by a "supergene" named doublesex. From the perspective of the signal-receiver, one form of this strategy increases the effective population size of prey. Hammer orchids of the genus Drakea are examples of plants pollinated by pseudocopulation, which use this strategy to attract pollinators. Harmless (*) snakes can look red- and black-banded due to this phenomenon. Palatable species exhibit a honest warning signal, such as aposematism, when engaging in the Batesian form of this strategy. For 10 points, name this adaptive strategy in which a species resembles a model species, such as between viceroys and monarch butterflies. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 PACE NSC // rd: 19 - TB1 | |
| tossup 218 went dead. -- 22:49, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In a children's book titled The Toadstool, one of these people quickly escapes from a doctor's office. These people were presented with a black neckerchief and brown leather knot to symbolize full membership in an organization abbreviated JM. The "Saxon Greeting" was a gymnastic routine frequently practiced by these people. In 1943, thousands of these people were recruited to work at flak batteries.These people followed by a slogan known as the "3 Ks," and were enrolled in a large organization abbreviated BDM, whose (*) "Faith and Beauty" section offered several vocational courses for them. These people especially were warned not to engage in Rassenschande, or "racial defilement." Although only 3,700 of them were employed as concentration camp guards, Nazi exploitation films abound with their sadistic sexual behavior with Jewish inmates. For 10 points, name these people in Nazi Germany who were expected to stay at home to raise perfect Aryan children | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 George Oppen // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 219 went dead. -- 22:49, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This character recalls how he found another's lost gold locket in some moss during a picnic at Shadow Pond. This character imagines the sentence "We never got away—how should you?" written on every stone in his family's graveyard. In the first chapter, this character watches a woman in a cherry scarf dancing through the window of a church basement, then drives her home. A cat walking on the (*) table ends an intimate supper that this character has with his love interest after another woman goes to Bettsbridge for the night to see a doctor. This character steers for the "big elm" in a failed suicide attempt after his wife Zeena tries to send Mattie Silver away. For 10 points, name this resident of Starkfield, a sled crash victim who titles a novel by Edith Wharton. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 PACE NSC // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 220 went dead. -- 22:49, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One ruler of this historical country went on a "Grand Embassy" to the west to learn shipbuilding andmilitary training. That same ruler instituted a beard tax on boyars. Another of its rulers created aparliament called the Duma and issued the October Manifesto. Peter the Great and Nicholas II were rulersof, for 10 points, what empire where a 1917 revolution toppled the government in Moscow? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Collaborative MS Tournament // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 221 went dead. -- 22:49, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Colonel Richard Dodge wrote that people who exploited this resource were "fearless as a Bayard" and "unsavory as a skunk." The inhabitants of Metis camps called "hivernants" acquired this resource, which was the traditional surface used for historical paintings called "winter counts." The Mooar brothers were responsible for technical innovation in the use of this resource, whose industrial exploitation was made possible by the advance of the Kansas Pacific Railroad. The Head-smashed-in site in southwest Alberta was a traditional location for the (*) killing of these animals, which are depicted being hunted with "bow and lance" in George Catlin's 1832 painting set on the "upper Missouri." For 10 points, the Transcontinental Railroad divided the "northern herd" and "southern herd" of what bovines that once roamed free on the Great Plains? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 Chicago Open History // rd: 13 | |
| tossup 222 went dead. -- 22:49, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In this work, a ship's crew is cursed after they kill cattle belonging to Helios in an effort to get past a whirlpool, and Laertes's daughter-in-law repeatedly weaves and unravels a burial shroud. (*) Penelope is reunited with her husband in this epic poem after he gets past Scylla, Charybdis, and sirens to return to Ithaca. For ten points, name this epic poem by Homer in which a namesake king returns home after the Trojan War. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 SCOP MS 6 // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 223 went dead. -- 22:49, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This process was responsible for making the universe opaque before the era of reionization, and during large-scale structure formation this process is responsible for balancing out accretion heating in a namesake form of cooling. In a scintillator, this process is responsible for cutting off the spectrum just past the double- and single-escape peaks. Around 218 GHz in the spectrum of the CMB, a form of this effect is responsible for boosting the energy of the CMB (*) photons; that inverse form of that effect is name for Sunayev and Zeldovich. In the high-frequency limit, the shift due to this process is equal to quantity one minus cosine theta times h over mc, and this process typically occurs when gamma rays pass through matter. For 10 points, name this effect in which high energy photons lose energy when colliding with an electron. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Penn-ance // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 224 went dead. -- 22:49, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One character in this play constantly and mistakenly uses the phrase "vice versa" and refers to bad things as "derogatory". Another character in this play argues that national labels don't mean anything because we're just an accidental gathering of molecules and atoms. An orator delivers political speeches in the background of this play's second act, which is set in a tavern frequented by the prostitute Rosie. One character in this play burned the letter informing her husband of the (*) rank he has been awarded. In this play's final act, the protagonist wanders towards a window while hallucinating, but is pushed out the way by Bessie Burgess, who is shot by British soldiers, who mistake her for a sniper. In spite of the pregnancy of his wife Nora, Jack Clitheroe decides to fight as a commandant in the Easter Rising in this play. For 10 points, name this play by Sean O'Casey, titled for the symbols on the flag of the Irish Citizen Army. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 RILKE // rd: 0 | |
| tossup 225 went dead. -- 22:50, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One of Maxwell's equations describes how this physical quantity produces a magnetic field. A diode allows it to flow in only one direction. It equals (*) voltage over resistance according to Ohm's law, and comes in alternating and direct types. For 10 points, name this quantity whose units are amperes, and which measures the rate of charge flowing in a circuit. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Collaborative MS Tournament // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 226 went dead. -- 22:50, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man met with Army Secretary Robert Stevens in what would be called the "Chicken Luncheon." He was heavily criticized for his defense of the SS soldiers accused of perpetrating the Malmedy massacre. This man was later investigated by the Watkins Committee, and he was earlier rebuked by the Tydings Committee. This politician's downfall came after he was notably criticized by attorney Joseph Welch. In 1950, this man gave a speech in Wheeling, West Virginia, where he claimed to have an infamous list. For 10 points, name this Wisconsin Senator whose name is synonymous with the 1950's "witch-hunting" of Communists in the government. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 T-Party // rd: Yale + Michigan - T Party 2010.doc | |
| tossup 227 went dead. -- 22:50, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This author wrote a novel in which a fifteen-year-old boy becomes the captain of the Pilgrim after the entire crew is killed on a whale hunt. Another of his nautical novels is narrated by Jeorling, who is returning to America from the Kerguelen Islands aboard the Halbrane. That novel is a sort of sequel to Poe's Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym. In a sequel to one of his own works, Cyrus (*) Smith and four other Americans are stranded on an island which turns out to be the hideout of a man whose real name is Prince Dakkar. This author of The Sphinx of the Ice Fields and The Mysterious Island also wrote a novel in which a message from Arne Saknussemm is discovered by Axel and Otto Lidenbrock, telling them to descend into an Icelandic glacier. For 10 points, name this pioneer of science fiction who wrote Journey to the Center of the Earth. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 QUARK // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 228 went dead. -- 22:50, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Timur claimed descent from this figure by asserting that one of his descendents turned into beam of light and impregnated Alan Qo'a, an ancestress of Genghis Khan. He is identified with the epithet "God's Favor Upon His Face", and his secret burial place is thought to be in either Najaf or the Blue Mosque in Mazar-e-Sharif. He gained the nickname "Lion of God" after commanding at the Battle of Khaybar, where he wielded the forked sword Zulfiqar. This man, whose position was the subject of the controversial hadith of the pond of Khumm, was assassinated by the Kharijites at Kufa, thus ending the first Fitna. He became the father of Hussein and Hassan by his first wife, Fatimah. For 10 points, identify this son-in-law of Muhammad, who Sunnis consider the fourth rightly-guided Caliph and Shias consider the first Imam. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 ACF Regionals // rd: Rice A + Columbia A | |
| tossup 229 went dead. -- 22:50, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A state visit to this country by the Shah of Iran saw protests end in violence when a protester was shot by police outside of an opera house. This nation's Grand Coalition government passed the Emergency Acts despite opposition by the Free Democratic Party. An article revealing the sub-par performance of this country's military in a NATO exercise resulted in the arrest of a prominent magazine's editor-in-chief during a 1962 "Affair." A leader of this country (*) resigned after Günter Guillaume, a high-ranking government aide, was discovered to be a Stasi (SHTAH-zee) agent; that leader of this country attempted to normalize relations with a neighboring state through the policy of Ostpolitik. For 10 points, name this country whose chancellors included Konrad Adenauer and Willy Brandt. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 PACE NSC // rd: 25 - Replacements | |
| tossup 230 went dead. -- 22:50, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: 21. A rose bush in this novel is said to have sprung up under the footsteps of Anne Hutchinson. One character in this novel pelts the title object with wildflowers and later tries to wash a kiss off her forehead. Mistress Hibbins invites another character to a witches’ gathering, and a different character sees a meteor while standing on a scaffold after his daughter asks him to stand with her the following noon. (*) Roger Chillingworth attempts to stop Arthur Dimmesdale from confessing to fathering Pearl at the end of this novel. For ten points, name this novel written by Nathaniel Hawthorne in which Hester Prynne is required to wear the title “A.” | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 LIST III // rd: 14 | |
| tossup 231 went dead. -- 22:50, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In 2003, this city's NK department store was the site of the assasination of a foreign affairs minister. This city was the site of an event that included a man wandering around a bank vault singing "Killing Me Softly," the Norrmalmstorg robbery. In order to root out supporters of Sten (*) Sture the Younger, people in this city on an enemies list made by Archbishop Trolle were killed on the orders of the foreign king Christian II. Shortly after a screening of the comedy The Mozart Brothers in this city, an unknown assassin possibly working for the South African government shot prime minister Olaf Palme in 1986. For 10 points, name this site of a 1520 "bloodbath" and of a bank hostage crisis that inspired the term for a namesake "syndrome." | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 PACE NSC // rd: 24 | |
| tossup 232 went dead. -- 22:50, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One poem by this man laments being turned into an ass by "The little boy" who "Turn'd Io to a cow, Narcissus to a flower" in order "to show his might and power", and the title character of another declares "This heat of hope, or cold of fear / My foolish heart could never bear". In addition to The Metamorphosis and The Careless Lover, another poem by this man relates how "good old BenÂ…Bid them remember how he had purg'd the stage / Of errors, that had lasted many an age" at a meeting where "There was Lucan's translator too" and "Apollo himself was at it, they say". Another poem concludes "This cannot take her / If of herself she will not love / Nothing can make her / The devil take her". The author of A Session of the Poets, FTP, name this poet who wrote the plays Brennoralt, The Goblins, and Aglaura, which contains the song "Why so pale and wan, fond lover?", a noted Cavalier. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 Tyrone Slothrop Literature Singles // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 233 went dead. -- 22:50, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: 21. This disorder results from the repeated activation of the nucleus accumbens by the ventral tegmental area. Due to neuroplasticity, this condition can cause the decreased activity of inhibitory neurons and can result in increased tolerance since it alters the (*) reward pathway. This condition can be treated by drugs like naltrexone and methadone. Individuals with this condition experience withdrawal symptoms after they can no longer use dopamine-stimulating chemicals like amphetamines and nicotine. For ten points, identify this condition which results when individuals become dependent on pleasure-inducing substances like drugs. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 LIST IV // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 234 went dead. -- 22:50, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A drawing of this event shows one participant shouting "EXTINGUISH THE LIGHTS!" while daintily impalingRichard Smithers with a sword. Conversations about this event were overheard at the Horse and Groom. The trial ofRichard Carlile led Jamaican-born William Davidson and other Spenceans to become involved in this event, whichsaw a fake ad run in the New Times by turncoat George Edwards. Lord Sidmouth's head was to have been paradedaround on a stick and then mounted on Westminster Bridge after this event, which targeted a fabricated dinner atLord Harrowby's house. Arthur Thistlewood planned this event in response to the Six Acts. For 10 points, name thisfoiled 1820 plot that sought to slaughter Liverpool's cabinet, named for its conspirators' meeting spot in London. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 ACF Regionals // rd: Duke A + UCF A + Northwestern | |
| tossup 235 went dead. -- 22:50, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In this year, three people were killed on the South Carolina State campus during the Orangeburg massacre. In this year, the speech "I've Been to the Mountaintop" was given during the Memphis sanitation strike. In this year, activists chanted "The whole world is watching" at a convention that occurred five months after Eugene McCarthy placed second in the New Hampshire primary. In this year, the USS Pueblo was captured by North Korea, and the Tet Offensive in South Vietnam occurred. In this year, Bobby Kennedy and Martin Luther King Jr. were both assassinated. For 10 points, name this year in which Richard Nixon was first elected President of the United States. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Delta Burke // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 236 went dead. -- 22:51, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This poet wrote the line “A heap of dust alone remains of thee, 'Tis all thou art, and all the proud shall be!” in "Elegy to the Memory of an Unfortunate Lady." In another work by this poet, the title characters are caught in a secret love affair and one of them wishes for “the eternal sunshine of a spotless mind.” This author notes that “A little learning is a dangerous thing” and “To err is human, to forgive divine” in “An Essay on Criticism.” The sylphs try to prevent the Baron from cutting off a lock of Belinda’s hair in another of this man’s works. For 10 points, name this author of “Eloisa to Abelard” and The Rape of the Lock. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 Prison Bowl VIII // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 237 went dead. -- 22:51, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One novel by this author contains a sequence wherein Arafa tunnels under the walls of a mansion, only to kill an old servant. In that work by this author, Hamida's pimp cuts her face with a broken glass. In a religiously allegorical tale by this author, the protagonist is a god-like figure whose sons are Gabal, Rifa'a, and Qasim. In that work, the Satanic Idris tempts the title figures. In another of this man's works, he traces the lives of Yasin and Kamal, two bureaucrats, whose sister Aisha goes mad. That work follows three generations of al-Sayyid Ahmad's merchant family from 1919 to 1945. This author of Children of Gebalawi wrote Sugar Street, Palace of Desire, and Palace Walk. For 10 points, name this author of the Cairo Trilogy. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Illinois Fall Tournament // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 238 went dead. -- 22:51, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One of these proteins deficient in patients with LAD1 pairs with another one used as a common histological marker for microglia to form the complement receptor macrophage-1 antigen. Osteopontin and bone sialoprotein are two of the five SIBLING proteins that bind to these proteins. Rap1 is a member of the Ras GTPase family that activates these proteins. Some of these proteins recognize and bind an LDV sequence, but more of them recognize an RGD motif. These proteins can engage in "inside-out" signaling, and participate in (*) heterophilic interactions, similar to selectins but unlike cadherins. These proteins act as transmembrane adhesion proteins for focal adhesions and hemidesmosomes. For 10 points, name these proteins that play a key role in cell adhesion by linking the cytoskeleton to the extracellular matrix. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 MLK // rd: 13 | |
| tossup 239 went dead. -- 22:51, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Two rival companies in this industry allegedly backed the two sides of the 1930s Chaco War. Charles Pratt was an early founder of a company in this industry, which was responsible for the 1979 Ixtoc disaster. Thomas J. Walsh led an investigation into this industry that implicated Edward Doheny, and Operation Ajax was launched by the U.S. in response to the (*) nationalization of this industry in one country. A scandal in this industry involved the leasing of the Elk Hills; that incident was the Teapot Dome Scandal. Muckraker Ida Tarbell attacked the business practices of one company in--for 10 points--what industry over which John D. Rockefeller once held a monopoly? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 FACTS // rd: Ed 2 | |
| tossup 240 went dead. -- 22:51, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The lower-case version of this symbol can denote the ratio of heat capacity at constant pressure to that at constant temperature, the adiabatic index, while its upper-case version can denote a Christofel symbol or a namesake probability distribution governed by the parameters k and theta. It represents a photon in a Feynman diagram, as well as the quotient of measured time over proper time in relativity equations, the Lorentz factor, and the nuclear emission that results from an annihilation. For 10 points, name this Greek letter that names a function which is a generalization of the factorial and a ray that has a wavelength shorter than x-rays. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2008 ACF Regionals // rd: Columbia and Temple | |
| tossup 241 went dead. -- 22:51, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: At the end of this novel, a man dies and then “lay there, collapsed like a pile of rocks.” In this novel, a man approaches Ana in her room at night claiming that he wants to apologize for murdering her father, but instead he rapes her. A woman in this novel tells the nurse Justina “I only believe in hell” shortly before dying. Gabriel García Márquez claimed that he was only able to finish writing One Hundred Years of Solitude after reading this novel. A man in this novel declares that he will “cross [his] arms” and let his town “die of hunger” after the death of Susana San Juan. In this novel, the narrator talks to Damiana Cisneros, Eduviges Dyada, and the mule-driver Abundio before realizing that they are all ghosts. For 10 points, name this novel in which Juan Preciado travels to Comala to meet his father, a work by Juan Rulfo. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 NASAT // rd: 06 | |
| tossup 242 went dead. -- 22:51, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one of this author’s poems, a couple dancing to a country-and-western band leads the speaker to reminisce “America—your stupidity. I could almost love you again.” This author spent forty years working on a book-length poem which repeats the italicized phrase “walking on walking” and is named for a Chinese scroll painting. A book by this author of “I Went into the Maverick Bar” and Mountains and Rivers Without End ends with the manifesto “Four Changes,” and includes a poem pledging allegiance to the (*) soil of the title ecosystem “with joyful interpenetration for all.” A character based on this author prophecies a coming “rucksack revolution,” and climbs the Matterhorn along with Ray Smith. This author spent years living in Japan studying Zen Buddhism, and was the model for Japhy Ryder in The Dharma Bums. For 10 points, identify this Beat generation poet who used a Native American name for North America to title his collection Turtle Island. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 Chicago Open // rd: 9 Asher + Liu | |
| tossup 243 went dead. -- 22:51, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one short story by this author, a man reads what he thinks are love letters between two dogs, and eventually believes himself to be King of Spain. Dostoyevsky once said that "we all come out from underneath" an item created by this author in a story featuring the Person of Consequence, who does not help a government clerk. This author of "Diary of a Madman" wrote a story in which the barber Yakovlevich finds the title body part in his bread, as well as a story in which Akaky Akakievich has his title garment stolen. For 10 points, name this Russian author of "Diary of a Madman," "The Nose" and "The Overcoat." | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 ACF Fall // rd: Dorman A | |
| tossup 244 went dead. -- 22:51, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Phillip Guo's first project in "The PhD Grind" involves Klee, a program used for this task. Lithium is a Python utility that implements the delta version of this task. EJ Gauss analogized an algorithm for accomplishing this task to finding an animal in Alaska in his "Wolf Fence Algorithm" which git has implemented as bisect. Explaining your (*) methodology to an inanimate object like a rubber duck can expedite this process. Dump files are analyzed in utilities like gdb to assist in this task which uses break statements and print statements to try to triangulate the target issues. Performing this task is especially hard when dealing with issues that don't always appear in phenomenon named after Heisenberg. For 10 points name this process, first performed by Grace Hopper when she removed a moth from the Mark II computer. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 WAO // rd: Editors 3 | |
| tossup 245 went dead. -- 22:51, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This adjective describes a “stream” where the speaker wishes to “remain on a broad flat rock / And to cast a fishing-line forever!” in a poem by Wang Wei (“wong way”). Samuel Taylor Coleridge’s “Dejection: An Ode” mentions a “light” described by this adjective “that lingers in the west.” Along with gold, this color describes a youthful speaker who is “carefree, famous among the barns” and “easy in the mercy of his means.” The speaker repeats this color in the poem (*) “Sleepwalking Romance” by Federico Garcia Lorca, stating “[this adjective] how I want you [this adjective].” In Dylan Thomas’s poem “Fern Hill,” the speaker says that “time held me [this color] and dying.” A beheading contest involving a warrior of this color was described by the Pearl Poet. For 10 points, name this color that identifies a knight fought by Sir Gawain. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Sun God Invitational // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 246 went dead. -- 22:51, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The National Health Service's first public inquiry into how a hospital was run occurred following this thing happening in the 1980s at Stanley Royd Hospital. In that same decade, followers of cult leader Bhagwan Shree Rajneesh intentionally caused this to happen in order to keep rural Oregonians from voting in a local election. The cause of this thing was first observed by Karl Eberth in the lymph nodes of a person who had died from typhoid. The four-inch law governing (*) turtle sales was passed to prevent this disease from spreading. Stewart Parnell was sentenced to 28 years in prison for knowingly shipping a product contaminated with this disease while serving as the owner for the Peanut Corporation of America. The bacterium that causes this disease often spreads through feces. For 10 points, name this type of food poisoning commonly contracted from badly prepared poultry and eggs. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 A Culture of Improvement // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 247 went dead. -- 22:51, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The mid-mesozoic types of these organisms lived in a mutualistic relationship with Kallgrammatid Lacewings. A type of these organisms is used to produce an illegal dietary supplement, ephedrine. There are four non-extinct phyla of these organism, which include (*) Gnetophyta and Cycadophyta. Another of these phyla only contains only one living species: when the seeds of that species decay, they smell like rancid butter. That species is the biloba. These organisms were the first seed plants. The name of this clade comes from the Greek for “naked seed.” For ten points, name these plants which produce needle-like leaves and cones and are contrasted with angiosperms. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Montgomery Blair Academic Tournament (MBAT) // rd: 12 | |
| tossup 248 went dead. -- 22:51, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This writer described seeing a monk selling popular religious tracts to an old peasant but refusing to sell a vernacular copy of the Gospels. In the same text, this writer claimed that the hypocrisy of current society exceeds the hypocrisy of the Pharisees because people today allow themselves to be protected by armed policemen. A red thistle which lost its beauty when plucked is compared to a Muslim (*) freedom fighter in a story by this writer. This author created a character who regains his faith after a lightning storm threatens his family and a peasant named Fyodor talks to him. Another character created by this author argues with her lover Vronsky and then throws herself under a train. For 10 points, name this author of The Kingdom of God is Within You, Hadji Murad, and Anna Karenina. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 RAPTURE // rd: Round 3 | |
| tossup 249 went dead. -- 22:51, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Types of these structures include “cirque” and “tidewater,” the latter of which are a type that terminate into the sea. On Mars, deposits from these structures can be found at many Martian volcanoes. These structures grow at accumulation zones (*) and shrink in ablation zones through a process known as calving. The specific term for the sedimentation left behind by these structures is “moraine,” and “terminal moraines” mark the maximum advance of these entities. For 10 points, name these dense bodies of moving ice. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 RMBCT // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 250 went dead. -- 22:52, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The protein mutated in Friedrich's Ataxia, frataxin, localizes to this organelle. This organelle is stained by a series of rosamine derivatives sold by Invitrogen, named [this organelle]-"tracker". Antibodies to proteins within it are present in 95% of primary billiary cirrhosis cases. Another dye that localizes here is nonyl acridine orange, which stains a bicyclic phospholipid called cardiolipin. The glycerol phosphate and malate-aspartate shuttles move reducing equivalents into it, and with the aid of the (*) carnitine shuttle it carries out beta-oxidation. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 THUNDER II // rd: THUNDER Round 3.doc | |
| tossup 251 went dead. -- 22:52, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One character in this collection recalls how he accepted his sudden paralysis and uses his eyes to ask whether anyone is in his store, and another character in this collection orders a listener to despise him after relating the story of how he got the crescent-shaped scar on his face. One story in this collection ends as a drop of water rolls down the face of the protagonist before he is killed by a volley from a firing squad, and another describes a character that borrows a Latin dictionary and effortlessly reads the Historia Naturalis after falling from his horse and becoming a cripple. One character in this collection walks into a wall of fire to discover that he cannot burn, and another character in this collection is driven by the approach of Captain Madden to shoot and kill the sinologist Stephen Albert. FTP, name this short story collection including The Form of the Sword, The Circular Ruins, and The Garden of Forking Paths, a work of Jorge Luis Borges. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 Tyrone Slothrop Literature Singles // rd: Finals | |
| tossup 252 went dead. -- 22:52, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The surface of these cells contains a receptor called ZP3, which is part of a glycoprotein layer on these cells called the zona pellucida. These cells are produced in a process which also generates several polar bodies. The corpus luteum forms after these cells develop. The production of these cells ceases after (*) follicles become insensitive to follicle stimulating hormone, which causes menopause. These cells travel down the Fallopian tube from the ovaries to the uterus, which occurs during the process of ovulation. The female gamete is--for 10 points--what cells, which can become fertilized by sperm? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 LOGIC // rd: 12 | |
| tossup 253 went dead. -- 22:52, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Van Deemter's equation for this process accounts for Eddy-diffusion and mass transfer, and the Kovats index describes the time taken for one form of this process. Another form of this process uses high pressures to improve performance. The extent of the solvent front is used to calculate the retardation factor in the thin-layer form of this technique. Often performed in a silica-packed column, it involves mobile and stationary phases. A common demonstration of it involves using filter paper strips to separate pigments. For 10 points, name this group of techniques for separating mixtures. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Prison Bowl // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 254 went dead. -- 22:52, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This property and persistence are possessed by the data structures in Clojure ("closure"). The opposite of this property in Haskell can be implemented with the State monad, ST monad, and I·O·Ref. Using an object with this property means that no defensive copies are needed. A class that has only accessor methods has this property and, thus, requires that a constructor be called to create a new object. Examples of classes with this property include Java's primitive wrapper classes and String class, as well as Python's tuples (TUH-pulls). Objects with this property are useful because they are intrinsically thread-safe and, in C and C++ ("c plus plus"), can be declared using the keyword "const." For 10 points, what property is possessed by objects that cannot have their states changed a er they are created, in contrast to mutable objects? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 ACF Regionals // rd: I | |
| tossup 255 went dead. -- 22:52, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This author’s writings loosely inspired a film in which the engineer Maboul faces off against the “Giant of the Snows.” A film based on this non-British writer’s books includes a shot of woman’s faces peering out of the stars of the (+) Big Dipper, and The Conquest of the Pole was inspired by this man’s books. Members of the Institute of Incoherent Geography ride a train off a mountain and into the mouth of a gaping sun in a film based on this man’s writings. A film based on this author’s writings opens with several men in comical wizard-like hats arguing, and ends with Selenites pursuing the protagonists as a capsule-like vehicle falls off a cliff into the ocean. This author’s work inspired a shot of a (*) spaceship landing in the eye of an anthropomorphized astronomical entity in a 1902 film, and his writings heavily inspired George Méliès’s early silent films The Impossible Voyage and A Trip to the Moon. For 10 points, name this French science-fiction writer. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: FILM // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 256 went dead. -- 22:52, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The 28th stanza of this poem begins with a litany of interrupted phrases like "but how shall IÂ…" and "reach me aÂ…" This poem describes how "Hope had grown grey hairs, Hope had mourning on" during the central event. The speaker of the first section of this poem says "I am soft sift in an hourglass" and addresses God, saying "Thou has bound bones and veins in me, fastened me flesh." The second section of this poem begins with the words of Death, who says "Some find me a sword; some the flange and the rail; flame, fang, or flood." One character in this poem calls out "O Christ, Christ, come quickly." Another character is "pitched to his death at a blow" when he "stir[s] from the rigging to save the wild woman-kind below." This poem describes how the title ship "on Saturday sailed from Bremen, American-outward-bound." For 10 points, name this poem by Gerard Manley Hopkins about the death of five Franciscan nuns. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 WELD // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 257 went dead. -- 22:52, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Polydore Vergil suggested that this man’s father was an organ-maker at the University of Oxford. The Swiss mercenary Martin Schwartz was hired to to raise an army for this man by Margaret of Burgundy. John de la Pole, the Earl of Lincoln, sailed to Dublin to attend this figure’s coronation, which was arranged by the (*) Earl of Kildare. After forces supporting this person were defeated at the Battle of Stoke Field, he was employed as a spit-turner in the royal kitchens. For 10 points, name this pretender during the reign of Henry VII who was spared execution, unlike Perkin Warbeck. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Cambridge Open // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 258 went dead. -- 22:52, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The flgB ["f-l-g-b"] operon controls transcription of the distal rod protein of its blepharoplast, and fliF proteins aggregate into the MS ring of this structure. The secretion system referred to as T3SS uses a simpler version of one component of this organelle. Nexin links the components of these organelles together, preventing them from being dissolved, while its shaft passes through four rings, rather than two, in Gram-negative bacteria. In eukaryotes their motion results from the alternating movements of two sets of dynein arms, while those of prokaryotes are screw-shaped and rotate. The defining external feature of sperm cells, these are, for 10 points, what long structures in eukaryotes that whip back and forward to allow for movement? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 ACF Winter // rd: Harvard | |
| tossup 259 went dead. -- 22:52, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The U.S. Naval Observatory is the official residence for holders of this office, which Spiro Agnew resigned when he was charged with tax fraud. This post was vacant during the administrations of John Tyler and Millard Fillmore, who both became (*) President after they held this post. Ties in the U.S. Senate are broken by, for 10 points, what executive branch post recently held by Dick Cheney? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Collaborative MS Tournament // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 260 went dead. -- 22:52, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This locale traded copper and beads with Werowocomoco. One of its leaders held a gun to the head of its enemy Opechancanough, who raided this place twice. It was originally built with wooden walls as a triangular fort while Christopher Newport was captain of the Susan Constant. Baron de la Warr arrived at this place after its “starving time.” Strict rationing and tobacco growth helped save this settlement at the behest of John Rolfe. For 10 points, name this colony which fought the Powhatans and was settled by English colonists such as John Smith in what’s now Virginia in 1607. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 BHSAT // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 261 went dead. -- 22:52, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Publisher William Hone and architect James Bevans helped publicize the case of an American Marine named James Norris whose intestines burst while in this place. A fictional man from this place is sought by a woman named Maudlin and asks the listener for "Any food, any feeding". Edward Wakefield repeatedly visited this place when preparing an 1815 report on how it should be reformed. The Monro family long controlled this home of (*) Tom, of ballad fame. After 1770, gawkers had to receive permission from its governor to visit. It was founded in 1247 by Simon FitzMary. The final scene in Hogarth's A Rake's Progress is set here. This place lost its monopoly after the founding of St. Luke's Hospital in 1751. For 10 points, name this onetime mental institution, whose name is synonymous with chaos. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 A Culture of Improvement // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 262 went dead. -- 22:53, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A critical event in this work occurs when a bike crash causes the protagonist's large forehead to match up with Sonny's forcep-hollows. One character in this novel glimpses his wife through a perforated sheet; their daughter forces herself to love her husband part-by-part, and their daughter in turn sings through another perforated sheet for modesty. Aadam is the son of Parvati-the-witch and the antagonist of this novel, who was switched with the telepathic protagonist at birth, thus fulfilling a prophecy of "knees and a nose". For 10 points, name this novel featuring Shiva, Saleem Sinai, and others born with magical powers during the partition of India, written by Salman Rushdie. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Prison Bowl // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 263 went dead. -- 22:53, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One literary character with this profession was a "Total Demoralizator" in Annexia before meeting William Lee; that character's name is Benway in the novel Naked Lunch. The character Daneeka is a member of this profession and finally utilizes his skills after Snowden's death in Catch-22. Another character is the only practitioner of this job in fictional Wheatsylvania, North Dakota, where his wife Leora's family lives. FTP, Sinclair Lewis's character Martin Arrowsmith is a member of what profession, in which he tries to treat an epidemic of plague on the island of St. Hubert? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 Delta Burke // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 264 went dead. -- 22:53, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man introduced dot notation to indicate derivatives, which are used in a method named for him to recursively find roots of a function. He generalized the binomial theorem to all real exponents. Simultaneously with Gottfried (*) Leibniz [LIBE-nits], he invented calculus, whose principles are outlined in his Principia Mathematica. For 10 points, name this English mathematician, whose mathematical insights led him to develop his three laws of motion. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 SCOP MS 5 // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 265 went dead. -- 22:53, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This poet observed "Yet happy they whom Grief doth bless, / That weep the more, and see the less" in a poemthat was written as a response to Richard Crashaw's "The Weeper." This author of "Eyes and Tears" addresses a manby noting "But thou, the war's and fortune's son, / March indefatigably on" and likening him to "A Caesar he erelong to Gaul, / To Italy an Hannibal." He told the story of Isabel Thwaites in a poem about Thomas Fairfax'scountry home, Appleton House. In another poem by him, the speaker notes "the grave's a fine and private place / butnone, I think, do there embrace," and describes hearing "Time's wingèd chariot hurrying near." For 10 points, namethis English metaphysical poet of "An Horatian Ode Upon Cromwell's Return from Ireland" and "To His CoyMistress." | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 ACF Regionals // rd: UTK A + Ilinois A + Princeton | |
| tossup 266 went dead. -- 22:53, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: An oft-pregnant character in this novel, Clara, describes how her son Arthur likes to roll up balls of his own shit and hide them around her house. A graduate student in this novel nicknamed Fish argues that modern art symbolizes copulation instead of birth while explaining his thesis "Malthus and the Creative Metaphor." The protagonist of this novel works at Seymour Surveys, and lives with Ainsley Tewce, who seduces Leonard Slank in order to become pregnant. The protagonist sleeps with another graduate student, Duncan, after escaping from a party thrown by her fiancee, Peter Wollander. This novel's final section shifts back from third person to first person after the protagonist bakes a cake shaped like herself, ending her increasing aversion to various types of food. For 10 points, name this book about ► Marian McAlpin's inability to eat food that reminds her of the human body, the debut novel of Margaret Atwood. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 Gaddis II // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 267 went dead. -- 22:53, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Nine years after it was quashed, affiliates of its fomenters captured Hua during the Eight Trigrams Uprising. Several years before it, Wang Lun led a precursor to this revolt. Internal strife during it stemmed from the massive corruption of the Qianlong Emperor's favorite, Heshen, whose ouster at the hands of the Jiaqing Emperor helped put this rebellion down. The agitators of this uprising believed in the coming of the Maitreya and led a secret organization. It was centered in mountains between Hubei, Shaanxi, and Sichuan provinces. For 10 points, name this uprising against the Qing Dynasty, a rebellion that occurred from 1796 to 1804 and is named for a Buddhist society. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 ACF Nationals // rd: MN A Chicago B - Final.docx | |
| tossup 268 went dead. -- 22:53, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One theorem named for this figure states that any smooth conformal mapping on R3 is a composition of inversion, inversion, translation, orthogonal transformation, and similarities. He showed that every irrational algebraic number is within a distance of c divided by q to the n of some rational number p over q, a result which was improved to Roth's theorem. One method partly named for him finds constants lambda such that the negative d dx of p of x times dy dx plus q of x times y equals lambda times w of x times y has a solution by finding a series of orthogonal eigenfunctions; that method is commonly applied to the (*) wave equation in one dimension. One theorem named for him has the fundamental theorem of algebra as a corollary and state that every bounded entire function must be constant. For 10 points, name this mathematician who proved the existence of transcendental numbers and who names a method of solving a particular type of second-order differential equation with Sturm. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Minnesota Open // rd: Editors 3 | |
| tossup 269 went dead. -- 22:53, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A membrane associated with this organelle is implicated in ALS, and the CoRR hypothesis explains one unique feature of these organelles. The intestinal parasite Giardia lamblia lacks these organelles, while para-basalids possess hydro-genosomes in their absence. The Baffle model attempted to explain the organization of this organelle's (*) inner membrane, which actually fold into cristae. Like the chloroplast, this organelle possesses and independent genome, and it is the location of oxidative phosphorylation. For 10 points, name this organelle that synthesizes most of the cell’s ATP, colloquially known as the “powerhouse of the cell.” | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 HFT XII // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 270 went dead. -- 22:53, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This king projected his naval power by hiring the pirate Dicaearchus, a mercenary known for building altars to Lawlessness and Impiety whenever he attacked a city. This king made a strategic blunder in intervening against the pirate Scerdilaidas to restore the turf of his preferred pirate, Demetrius of Pharos. Harassment by the Aetolian League led this king to restore his alliance with the Achaean League, led by his possible gay lover, Aratus of Sicyon. This signatory of the Peace of (*) Phoenice took the throne after the death of Antigonus Doson, his regent when he was a child. After his defeat, a Roman general went to the Isthmian Games to issue a proclamation of "freedom" for the Greeks. This king provoked Rome's ire by forming an alliance with Hannibal in the middle of the Second Punic War, and ultimately fell to Roman arms under Titus Quinctius Flamininus. For 10 points, name this Antigonid king of Macedon defeated by Roman armies at the Battle of Cynoscephalae. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Chicago Open // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 271 went dead. -- 22:54, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One commonly used method for determining the age of these bodies relies on measuring the abundance of lithium and beryllium within them. By comparing photographic plates of one of these bodies taken at different times, Adriaan van Maanen was able to measure proper motion within that body. These bodies are classified under a scheme developed by Robert Trumpler. One alternate name for these bodies is due to the fact that they are often located in or near (*) galactic planes. These bodies are not found in elliptical galaxies, since there is very little star formation there. Examples of these objects include the Praesepe, the Hyades, and the Pleiades. For 10 points, name these low-density groups of relatively young stars. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Western Invitational Tournament // rd: Louisville B + Chicago A + Imperial A | |
| tossup 272 went dead. -- 22:54, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: 8. An essay titled partially after this author that analyzes the dichotomy between the grotesque and carnivalesque in literature was written by Mikhail Bakhtin. After Friar John and one of this author’s characters defeat Lord Picrochole, the former establishes an institution whose motto is “Do What Thou Wilt,” called The Abbey of (*) Theleme. In this author’s most famous novel, a character who knows 63 ways of making money and 214 ways of spending it, named Panurge, accompanies the two title giants. For 10 points, name this French author of Gargantua and Pantagruel. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 BASK // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 273 went dead. -- 22:54, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A parameter used to calculate the strength of this interaction is represented by the letter zeta, and typically has units of cm-1. Intersystem crossing is more likely in heavy atoms because of the greater strength of this interaction. The term in the Hamiltonian representing this phenomenon contains a term proportional to Z effective over radius cubed. This non-vibrational interaction allows in the appearance of weak bands that correspond to (*) spin-forbidden transitions. A factor of ½ appears in the Hamiltonian for this phenomenon due to Thomas precession. This phenomenon is responsible for the splitting of the sodium D line. The fine structure corrections consist of terms for relativity, the Darwin term, and this interaction. This phenomenon results in a 2J+1 degeneracy, and depending on the mass of the atom, consists of either J-J coupling, or Russell-Saunders coupling between the quantum numbers L and S. For 10 points, name this phenomenon in which electrons interact with their motion around the nucleus. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 (This) Tournament is a Crime // rd: Finals 2 | |
| tossup 274 went dead. -- 22:54, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This was the surname of a man who headed a namesake commission in 1919 to investigate the mistreatment of Jews in Poland. That man with this last name resigned an ambassadorship in protest of the Armenian genocide and was the grandfather of Barbara Tuchman. Another man with this surname was replaced in his most notable position in 2009 by Cyrus Vance Jr. A politician with this last name had such assistants as Andrew Cuomo and Eliot Spitzer and was in charge of such cases as the Central Park Jogger. Another man with this surname called for a namesake plan urging that postwar Germany be ruthlessly partitioned into separate, agrarian states. That man with this surname led the Treasury Department during the Bretton Woods Conference. For 10 points, give this surname held by longtime New York District Attorney Robert and FDR's Treasury Secretary Henry. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Minnesota Open // rd: Editors 6 | |
| tossup 275 went dead. -- 22:54, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One observer of these creatures claims to be from Whirly Wood, Connecticut, and that characterlikes to chew candles and eat the olives from her mother's martinis. Another observer of thesecreatures calls a fellow elevator passenger a "sneak" for looking at his feet. These creatures are firstseen from atop a rubber float after "two snobs" snub a wave. These creatures (*) swim into holes,where they eat as many as seventy-eight pieces of fruit and die after growing too fat to get back out. Afterseeing these creatures, one character goes back to the hotel room where his wife Muriel is sleeping andshoots himself. For 10 points, name these creatures seen by Sybil Carpenter and Seymour Glass in a shortstory by J.D. Salinger about a "Perfect Day for" them. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 PACE NSC // rd: 25 | |
| tossup 276 went dead. -- 22:54, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Less notable aspects of this document include clauses that men can't be imprisoned because of a female claim unless it's in regards to the death of her husband, and that no town or person could be forced to build a bridge. This document also made it legal for Jews to practice usury, since they were not Christians, they could not be excommunicated for charging interest on loans. This document is perhaps more well known for the implementation of the concepts of habeas corpus and the establishment of a twenty-five baron council to keep the king in check. For 10 points, name this document that greatly curtailed the power of King John, written in 1215. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 MUT // rd: MUT II - Maryland.doc | |
| tossup 277 went dead. -- 22:54, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A naive “grade school” algorithm with this complexity was improved by Karatsuba using divide and conquer. If all the elements are partitioned on one side of the pivot every time, quicksort has this complexity. This function of n is about the number of edges in a (*) complete graph with n vertices. Selection and insertion sort both have this worst-case complexity, and big-O of [read slowly] “n log n plus two n plus n squared” approximates to this complexity. If both have n iterations, nesting a for-loop inside another for-loop takes this many iterations total. For 10 points, give this function of n that gives the number of entries in a matrix that has both n rows and n columns. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 HFT XI // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 278 went dead. -- 22:54, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: An attempt to avoid the expropriation of property belonging to these people by selling it into a "secret trust" for $1 was ruled an improper evasion of the Edmunds-Tucker Act. The legitimacy of these people's children was addressed in Cope v. Cope, and the swearing of an oath against being one of these people as a prerequisite to vote was upheld in Davis v. Beason. Members of this group,including George Smith and Daniel Wells, engineered a test case of the (*) 1862 Morrill Act, which led the Supreme Court to declare that "Laws are made for the government of actions, and while they cannot interfere with mere religious belief and opinions, they may with practices." For 10 points, name these people at the center of the 1879 Reynolds v. U.S. case, one of many cases allowing the federal government to look askance at their practice of polygamy. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 College History Bowl // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 279 went dead. -- 22:54, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One poem from this collection begins "What should I be but a prophet and a liar, whose mother was a leprechaun, whose father was a friar?" That poem, "The Singing-Woman from the Wood's Edge," joins ones entitled "Macdougal Street," "The Unexplorer," and "Portrait by a Neighbor." This 23-poem collection ends with four sonnets, the last of which declares "I shall forget you presently." In other lines, the poet muses "And if I loved you Wednesday, Well what is that to you? I do not love you Thursday" and "Safe upon the solid rock the ugly houses stand: Come and see my shining palace built upon the sand," but more famous is the opening ►line "My candle burns at both ends; it will not last the night." FTP, name this early collection by Edna St. Vincent Millay. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2007 The Experiment // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 280 went dead. -- 22:54, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A ruler of this kingdom was advised by John Young and Isaac Davis, who taught him how to use weapons found on the Fair American. A ruler of this kingdom issued a decree allowing noncombatants to "lie down to sleep by the roadside" without threat of injury. This kingdom was governed by the kapu law code. The Law of the Splintered Paddle originated in this kingdom. In 1893, Lorrin Thurston and Sanford Dole were among those who overthrew this kingdom's final monarch. It was eventually annexed by the United States under William McKinley. For 10 points, name this kingdom that was led by Liliuokalani and Kamehameha from Honolulu. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 ACF Fall // rd: VA Tech A and Kentucky B and Case Western Reserve | |
| tossup 281 went dead. -- 22:54, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One form of this phenomenon involves tying cyclotron frequencies to degenerate Landau levels, and is performed on gallium arsenide interfaces, although it was recently discovered in room-temperature graphene. A class of low-impulse spacecraft ion thrusters are based on and named for this phenomenon. A filling factor for a type of this phenomenon multiplies a standardized resistance. That factor was found to take on rational values, which earned Klaus von Klitzing the Nobel Prize. The inverse of the carrier density is proportional to this effect's namesake coefficient. For 10 points, name this physical effect, the voltage difference across a conductor in a magnetic field. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 Prison Bowl // rd: 15 | |
| tossup 282 went dead. -- 22:55, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This character looks like his great uncle, who sent a substitute to the Civil War and started a family hardware business. In his “younger and more vulnerable years,” he was told not to criticize people who may not have had his advantages. He has a love affair with the golfer (*) Jordan Baker and went to a funeral with Henry Gatz. The second cousin once removed of Daisy Buchanan, for 10 points, identify this narrator of The Great Gatsby. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 SCOP MS 5 // rd: Replacements | |
| tossup 283 went dead. -- 22:55, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: 14. During the Civil War. the battles of Westport and Wilson’s Creek occurred in this state. John C. Fremont married the daughter of a senator from this state, whose opposition to paper money earned him the nickname “Old Bullion” and was named Thomas Hart Benton. In the Election of 1860, this was the only state won by (*) Stephen Douglas in its entirety. In Dred Scott v. Sandford, the Supreme Court struck down a law that established a line at 36°30′, this state’s southern border, above which slavery was illegal. For ten points, name this state which was admitted to the Union with Maine in an 1820 compromise named after it. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 LIST IV // rd: 15 | |
| tossup 284 went dead. -- 22:55, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One important figure in this conflict later led an expedition to drive Yaqub Beg out of Xinjiang. The lijin tax was instituted during this conflict. A massacre during it occurred when minister of state Yang Xiuqing attempted to seize power. Zuo Zongtang and Li Hongzhang were among those to lead local armies during it. This rebellion began among the Hakka people, and it at first advocated the segregation of men and women and the abolishment of private property. The Hunan Army was raised to put down this rebellion and was led by Zeng Guofan. It originated with the God Worshippers' Society, and this rebellion's leader, Hong Xiuquan, claimed to be the brother of Jesus. For 10 points, name this mid-nineteenth century Chinese rebellion that attempted to establish a "Heavenly Kingdom." | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 ACF Winter // rd: ACF Winter 2010 - Chicago A + LASA.pdf | |
| tossup 285 went dead. -- 22:55, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The protagonist of this work wins a picture contest involving red and blue boxes by presenting a work he painted while exiled at Suma. In a chapter in this novel titled “Broom Tree,” several men meet on a rainy night and discuss the various types of women. After an orphan with the (*) same name as this novel’s author dies, the protagonist of this novel undergoes a depression and is implied to die in the blank chapter “Vanished Into the Clouds.” This novel’s title character has an affair with Lady Fujitsubo despite being married to the courtesan Lady Aoi. For 10 points, name this potentially first novel in the world, a Heian-era work by Lady Murasaki. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 HFT X // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 286 went dead. -- 22:55, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A collection of travel essays by a thinker from this country criticizes Catholic priests for trying to trick the poor into conversion with charity and uses the example of a cuckolded husband named Bibri in a brutal critique of Parisian society. A thinker applied Husserl's phenomenology to philosophical questions from this country in Appearance and Sense. A writer from this country who used the "anthill of humanity" as a metaphor for materialism belonged to a group of nationalists who promoted an ideology called "from the soil." The essay collections (*) Winter Notes on Summer Impressions and A Writer's Diary are by a thinker from this country, where nationalists endorsed an official monarchist ideology developed in the 1820s that was based on principles of Nationality, Autocracy, and Orthodoxy. For 10 points, name this country whose Slavophiles included the author of The Possessed, Fyodor Dostoevsky. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 Naveed Bork Memorial Tournament // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 287 went dead. -- 22:55, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Before this battle, Callimachus casted a deciding vote in favor of attack. This battle occurred after the fall of Eretria, an ally of the winning army, whose forces included a thousand troops from Plataea. This battle saw the winning side's flanks push through to encircle the stronger troops in the center, led by the victorious commander, Miltiades. In legend, its victors sent a courier named Pheidippides to report the victory in Athens. For 10 points, name this battle that ended the invasion of Greece by Darius I of Persia, and gave its name to a modern-day twenty-six-mile race. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 ACF Novice // rd: Early Autumn Collegiate Novice - Packet 10.pdf | |
| tossup 288 went dead. -- 22:55, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One enzyme in this process known as acontinase is involved in a rehydration reaction after a dehydration one. Ubiquinone is degraded in one step by a protein using a FADH2 cofactor, and fumarate is formed in the only membrane-bound step of this process. This process takes place in the mitochondrial matrix after pyruvate decarboxylation forms acetyl coenzyme A, and it produces NADH. For 10 points, name this metabolic pathway that is followed by the electron transport chain, an anaerobic process central to cellular respiration. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Maggie Walker GSAC // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 289 went dead. -- 22:55, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: To atone for his violent rise to power over his siblings, this ruler married his son to his nephew's daughter, Salima Begum, and his daughters to his nephews, Sipihr Shikoh and Izid Bakhsh. Policy changes implemented by this ruler include the banning of the printing of the kalima on coins and discontinuation of the practice of jharokha darshan. This ruler's ascent to power was completed with his victory at the battle of (*) Samugarh. This ruler exercised his religious intolerance by reinstating his empire's jizya tax and executing Tegh Bahadur for refusing to convert from Sikhism to Islam. The chief military rival of the Marathan ruler Shivaji, for 10 points, name this predecessor of Bahadur Shah I and successor to Shah Jahan who ruled the Mughal Empire during its greatest extent. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 SUBMIT // rd: Illinois A, Alabama, Yale B | |
| tossup 290 went dead. -- 22:55, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This general offered to pardon Friedrich Staps after Staps attempted to assassinate this general, but Staps refused, claiming that “To kill you would not have been a crime, but a duty!” That failed assassination attempt on this general followed a campaign in which this general was defeated while attempting to cross the Danube in the Battle of Aspern-Essling, then defeated (*) Archduke Charles at the Battle of Wagram. This monarch set up the Confederation of the Rhine, which was acknowledged by Alexander I of Russia in the Treaties of Tilsit. This monarch had earlier defeated an alliance of Alexander I of Russia and Francis I of Austria during the War of the Third Coalition. For 10 points, name this French emperor who won the Battle of Austerlitz. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 Terrapin // rd: 09 | |
| tossup 291 went dead. -- 22:55, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: According to Pliny, a scholar from Alexandria named Sosigenes was consulted for this reform, but other sources state that it was proposed by Aristarchus of Samos. This reform eliminated the need for an entity called "Mercedonius," which was introduced by Numa Pompilius to allow for intercalation. This reform affected a system that was often visualized on public markers called fasti, and which followed the "nundinal cycle." The occurrence of (*) kalends or nones within Sextilis and Januarius was not changed by this reform, which was introduced in 45 BC. This reform was once believed to have introduced "Undecember" and "Duodecember" as extra months. For 10 points. name this timekeeping reform named for a Roman dictator, which was replaced in the modern era by a "Gregorian" system. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 PACE NSC // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 292 went dead. -- 22:55, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In plasmas, E + v cross B equals zero is often called the MHD version of this law and implies the flux-freezing theorem. This equations proportionality constant in the Drude model is number density times charge squared times mean free time over mass. A metal-semiconductor junction with zero or negative Schottky barrier height forms a contact named for its adherence to this law. At large forward biases, the Shockley equation stops being accurate and diodes will have a linear I-V curve as described by this law. A simple generalization of it sets current density equal to the electric field times conductivity. For AC circuits, it replaces one quantity with impedance. For ten points, name this law which states that the current times resistance equals the voltage. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 DEES // rd: Virginia B | |
| tossup 293 went dead. -- 22:56, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One character in this novel gives free haircuts at a mission after being abandoned by his wife, who poisoned his dog before leaving, while another character in this novel, Sandra, is found dead with parts of her face gnawed off by dogs. Another character nostalgically recalls her time as a singer at the saloon where Oscar Reo tends bar, the Gilded Cage. The protagonist of this novel is seduced by a married woman who once wandered outside wearing only a hat, (*) Katrina Daugherty, and he travels for a time with the Vassar-educated former pianist Helen Archer. The protagonist of this novel had gone into self-imposed exile after using his baseball-throwing skills to kill Howard Allen, a scab trolley conductor, by throwing a rock. The central character of this novel accidentally dropped and killed Gerald, his infant son. For 10 points, name this novel that sees Francis Phelan encounter ghosts, the third in the Albany Series by William Kennedy. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 Chicago Open // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 294 went dead. -- 22:56, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This practice was documented by a Greek diplomat named Emanuel Timoni, and John Fewster played a role in the development of this practice. Six prisoners were released from Newgate prison after they survived Charles Maitland's experiments with this practice. An expedition led by Francisco Balmis brought this practice to the Americas, and Lady Montagu introduced it to Europe from the Ottoman empire. A (*) child named James Phipps was the first object of this practice in England; that instance of this practice was carried out by a man who had observed the blisters on the hands of Sarah Nelmes, a milkmaid. For 10 points, name this practice pioneered by Edward Jenner which protected recipients against a certain disease. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 SUBMIT // rd: Editors 2 | |
| tossup 295 went dead. -- 22:56, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Mostafa Tolba's article on this agreement discusses the importance of a preceding meeting in Leesburg, which established a document with eighteen sets of brackets within the second article. Article Ten of this agreement outlines the benefits from an organization known as the GEF, while another portion of this agreement describes the formation of an Executive Committee consisting of seven fully developed countries and seven Article Five countries that would distribute the Multilateral Fund. This treaty was signed in the wake of the research of Mario Molina, and its wording was largely derived from a similar agreement in Vienna in 1985. The Beijing Amendment was a modification to this treaty in 1999, whose main sections call for the phasing out of HCFCs and CFCs. For 10 points, name this 1989 treaty whose signatories sought to cut the depletion of the Ozone Layer, named for a city in Canada. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Illinois Open // rd: 15 | |
| tossup 296 went dead. -- 22:56, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This organism's genome acquired a virulence factor from the 933W prophage. One product of thisorganism, which is named for a different bacterium, is a toxin whose A subunit cleaves the 28Sribosomal RNA and whose B subunit binds to globo-tri-aosyl-ceramide. Children infected by thisorganism can suffer from a form of kidney failure similar to TTP called hemolytic-uremic syndrome.Unusually for its species, it fails the Sereny invasion test, it cannot grow in 0.15% bile salts, and it doesnot ferment (*) sorbitol. It's not Shigella, but this organism has the ability to produce shiga-like toxin.For 10 points, name this infectious gram-negative bacterium, which has the serotype O157:H7, istransmitted by undercooked hamburgers, and causes bloody diarrhea. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 VCU Closed // rd: Columbia A & Ottawa | |
| tossup 297 went dead. -- 22:56, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The history of these objects is a major interest of the anthropologist Regula Tschumi, who has claimed that Ataa Oko was the first to experiment with the abebuu adekai style of these objects. The creation of these religious objects is the subject of the documentary Paa Joe and the Lion. Workshops that specialize in creating these objects include one founded by Kane (*) Kwei, whose grandson Eric Adjetey Anang continues the family business. Many people order custom versions of these objects shaped like aspects of their professional lives in a religious tradition from Ghana. For 10 points, go ahead and put the “fun” in “funeral” by identifying these objects in which a human body is typically buried. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 RAPTURE // rd: Round 3 | |
| tossup 298 went dead. -- 22:56, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One of these items made of metal with movable parts was found in the Moon Pyramid at Moche, Peru. The Sinhalese had 19 distinct examples of these items, which were associated with sickness demons. One of these items found in Monte Alban formed of 25 pieces of jade is associated with the Zapotec bat god. Another of these items made of jade was found in Pacal the Great’s sarcophagus. One of these items made from a single hammered gold sheet was found at Mycenae by Heinrich Schliemann, but is unlikely to actually represent Agamemnon. For 10 points, what elaborate items in Mesoamerican civilisations often depicted the facial features of the dead? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2020 Oxford Online // rd: 13 | |
| tossup 299 went dead. -- 22:56, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: When the differential acceleration due to a force described by this adjective is greater than the gravitational binding acceleration, this type of “stripping” will occur. For a natural satellite, the so-called equation of a force described by this adjective is two times big G times mass of the primary body times radius of the satellite, all over distance cubed. The Roche limit is the nearest a satellite can get to its primary body without being (*) ripped asunder by this type of force. This force distorts a satellite's shape into a prolate spheroid and causes Io's spectacular volcanism. For Earth, the moon's contribution to this type of force is approximately twice that of the Sun's contribution. For 10 points, name this type of force that causes a namesake periodic rise and fall of sea level on Earth. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 MUT // rd: 13 | |
| tossup 300 went dead. -- 22:56, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Erik Jarvik reclassified these organisms as members of the less-complex holocephalians after examining the premaxillary bones of their skull roofs. The male members of the Lepidosiren genus of these animals develop vascularized filaments in their pelvic appendages so that they provide oxygen to their eggs. The Protopterus, but not the Neoceratodus, type of these sarcopterygians engages in estivation by creating a cocoon of mucus and burying itself in mud. The "marbled" African type of these animals has the largest known animal genome, while the South American type of these so-called "living fossils" possess two of the namesake structures, which it uses in place of gills during certain times of the year. For 10 points, name these most primitive living fish, which are able to sustain themselves by consuming oxygen from air. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 ACF Nationals // rd: 18 | |
| tossup 301 went dead. -- 22:56, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This nation lost American support and gained Soviet support during a war that began with an invasion by its eastern neighbor and led to the downfall of Mengistu Haile Mariam’s government. This country’s final monarch appealed to the League of Nations after it was invaded by a European power that this nation had earlier defeated at the Battle of (*) Adwa under Menelik II. The Derg regime governed this country after the fall of its Solomonic Dynasty. In 1936, this country was invaded by Benito Mussolini’s Italy, forcing its monarch Haile Selassie into exile. For 10 points, name this African country with capital at Addis Ababa. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 LOGIC // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 302 went dead. -- 22:56, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In this play, a henpecked husband admits that the has been practicing the same flute sonata for five years, shortly before his wife orders him to button up his coat, because it's cold. After hearing the country's capital city praised, one character in this play recalls a man who ran a travelling children's ballet company but sold the children to pay his debts. The main female character in this play faints after watching through a window as the man she loves falls off his horse and breaks his arm. At the end of Act 3 of this play, that character starts a rumors that the protagonist has gone (*) mad, which other people then attribute to a gunshot wound or reading Voltaire. The colonel Skalozub is hungry for promotion in this play, in which Famusov's daughter is falsely courted by his secretary Molchalin, who doesn't really love her. For 10 points, Sofia Pavlovna rejects her childhood sweetheart, the idealistic Chatskii, in what satirical verse drama by Alexander Griobyedov? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 Chicago Open // rd: 13 | |
| tossup 303 went dead. -- 22:56, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Workers of this resource engaged in the Battle of Orgreave, and the Colorado National Guard killed two dozen workers of this resource in the Ludlow massacre. The Ruhr region has traditionally worked this resource, and a series of Italian revolutionary societies named the (*) Carbonari were composed of workers in this resource. Along with steel, this resource names a precursor to the European Union, and Teddy Roosevelt helped end a 1902 strike in this resource. Children called “breaker boys” were frequently used to gather this resource in the Industrial Revolution. For 10 points, name this resource whose workers are prone to miner’s lung. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 HFT X // rd: 12 | |
| tossup 304 went dead. -- 22:56, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A Frenchman named Pascal Payet has performed this type of action several times using the same type of vehicle. Monopoly sets with a red dot over the “Free Parking” space and structures named for “Tom,” “Dick,” and “Harry” have been used for this action. Benito Mussolini achieved this type of action through the (*) Gran Sasso Raid, and American POWs performed a “Great” one of these during World War II. Two people who tried to perform this action in 1962 using a makeshift raft are presumed to have drowned in San Francisco Bay. For 10 points, name this action by which one might illegally leave Alcatraz. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 HFT XII // rd: 12 | |
| tossup 305 went dead. -- 22:56, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This author wrote a short story that is only six paragraphs long, and which begins with the sentence: “I am losing my interest in human beings; in the significance of their lives and their actions.” One of this author’s protagonists gets into an argument with her father, a former colonel in the Confederate army, over her unwillingness to attend her sister’s wedding. In a story by this author of “The Night Came Slowly,” the protagonist mutters the words “free, free, free!” after hearing that her husband has died in a railroad accident, but then dies of a heart attack when that husband returns alive. This author of “The Story of an Hour” wrote a novella whose protagonist considers having an affair with Robert Lebrun while vacationing on Grand Isle in Louisiana. For 10 points, Edna Pontellier’s identity as a woman rather than just as a wife or mother is kindled in what author’s novella The Awakening? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 ACF Regionals // rd: Packet M (Columbia A, Wesleyan, and Chicago A) | |
| tossup 306 went dead. -- 22:57, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Whittaker functions can be used to solve the Schrödinger equation for this scientist’s namesake potential. As alkali metals are immersed in water, their valence electrons are solvated, causing the atoms to violently separate in an explosion named for this scientist. To enable fusion to occur at temperatures below 10-to-the-tenth kelvins, quantum tunneling is used to surpass this scientist’s “barrier.” Collections of particles governed by this scientist’s law cannot be (*) stationary by Earnshaw’s theorem. The constant 8.99 times 10-to-the-ninth newton meters-squared per [his namesake unit]-squared appears in this scientist’s law, which multiplies the magnitude of two charges and is divided by their distance squared. For 10 points, what physicist is the namesake of the SI unit of charge? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 Early Fall Tournament (EFT) // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 307 went dead. -- 22:57, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This compound, when dissolved in carbon tetrachloride, is used in Mason et al.'s technique to isolate disaturated phos-phatidyl-choline from broncho-alveolar lavage samples. This compound's bipyridine derivative reacts preferentially with thymine when exposed to DNA and can be used to probe tryptophan residues in proteins. When complexed with meth-enamine, this compound attains a slight polarity and is a safer alternative for staining lipid organelles in tissue fixation. Sodium per-iodate regenerates this compound in a reaction in which this compound cleaves alkenes in a manner similar to ozonolysis. In another reaction using this compound, the stereochemistry is controlled by chiral quinine ligands and uses this compound, regenerated by NMO, to convert alkenes into 1,2 diols. This compound is found in the Lemieux-Johnson reagent, and is used in the Upjohn and Sharpless dihydroxylation reactions. For 10 points, name this reagent that contains the densest element in a +8 oxidation state. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 Chicago Open // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 308 went dead. -- 22:57, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Before using this thing, a woman repeats the cry "Wise!" despite her husband's insistence it is "foolish". After the final time it is used, a man opens a door to reveal "a quiet and deserted road". This thing was created by "a very holy man... to show that fate ruled people's lives" and its first owner ended up killing himself. It is thrown onto the fire by Sergeant-Major Morris, who obtained it while abroad in India. This item is last being used to prevent the presumably horribly mutilated Herbert from entering his parents' home. This thing is responsible for Mr. and Mrs. White earning 200 pounds but only through the workplace death of their son. For 10 points, name this title object of a W. W. Jacobs story which grants three wishes, albeit in horrible ways. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 NASAT // rd: 13 | |
| tossup 309 went dead. -- 22:57, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one of this author’s plays, a character who didn’t fix a chimney is tortured by “helpers and servants” and closes his doors to “younger people.” A 2017 Broadway play by Lucas Hnath was a sequel to one of this man’s plays whose protagonist has the first “serious conversation” in eight years. One of this writer’s characters dances the tarantella to prevent her husband from finding a letter from (*) Krogstad. This man wrote the play The Master Builder, and Dr. Rank declares his love for one of his characters who chooses to leave her husband Torvald. For 10 points, name this Norwegian playwright who created Nora Helmer in A Doll’s House. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 HFT XII // rd: 12 | |
| tossup 310 went dead. -- 22:57, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Clement Marot translated six works by this author to curry favor in Francis I‟s court. The first French collection modeled on this author‟s works are a cycle of 449 dizains that comprise the emblem book Délie. Troilus states "If it‟s not love, then what is it that I feel?" in the first English translation of one of this author‟s works. In 1501, Pietro Bembo published an Aldine version of this author‟s works, and chose not to use the title of Rerum Vulgarium Fragmenta for them. A2002 translation of this author made by Anthony Kline includes a poem stating "the clearest knowledge of how the world‟s delight is a brief dream" after opening "You who hear the sound, in scattered rhymes." Fourteen years before he was crowned Rome‟s poet laureate, this author wrote a collection that idealized the love of a woman whom he met in Avignon. For 10 points, name this author who wrote a collection of 366 poems about Laura de Noves, titled Il Canzoniere. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 ACF Nationals // rd: MIT A | |
| tossup 311 went dead. -- 22:57, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Transversions are types of this change, as is the creation of a stop codon too early in the "nonsense" examples. Sickle-cell anemia results from the point type of this phenomenon. These events may be (*) beneficial or deleterious, and if a number of nucleotides not divisible by 3 is inserted or deleted, that is the "frameshift" type of this event. Radiation is a common cause of this event that may lead to cancer. For 10 points, name these events that damage DNA. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 SCOP Novice // rd: Replacements | |
| tossup 312 went dead. -- 22:57, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A vanishing configurational entropy associated an ideal form of this material was explored by Kauzmann. An isostatic network is ideal for the formation of this material, whose properties can be predicted with rigidity theory. A polymer transitions from a state described by this term to a soft, rubbery material at a transition temperature named for this material. Cooling the surface of this material faster than its interior produces it in a (*) “tempered” form. Adding boron trioxide greatly lowers this material's coefficient of thermal expansion. The process of vitrification transforms a substance into this material, which is most commonly made of silicon dioxide and contains trace amounts of soda lime. For 10 points, name this non-crystalline amorphous solid that is transparent and is used in windows. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 MUT // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 313 went dead. -- 22:57, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Cabral and Leedom proposed a method for visualizing these mathematical objects called LIC, which assigns values to pixels using a convolution kernel. These objects and their components can be visualized using a quiver plot. Ugly animation flips result when one tries to visualize two of these objects in R3 that are both orthogonal to each other and non-zero at every point, due to a result called the hairy ball theorem. By traversing particles through a specific type of these objects, one can generate a (*) streamline and visualize a flow. If one of these objects is irrotational, then it is also conservative, meaning it is defined by the gradient of a function. Forces such as gravity are represented using, for 10 points, what constructs in which every point in space has a magnitude and direction? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 Early Fall Tournament (EFT) // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 314 went dead. -- 22:58, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Lewis Sheridan Leary, a veteran of the Oberlin-Wellington Rescue, was killed at this site. The United Daughters of the Confederacy erected a controversial monument to a "faithful slave" named Heyward Shepherd who was killed at this location. Dixon S. Miles died unsuccessfully trying to prevent this hard-to-defend town from falling to Stonewall Jackson in September 1862. The historically black (*) Stoner College is located here. An attack on this town was put down when the attackers were trapped in an engine room by Colonel Robert E. Lee on October 18, 1859. That attack was led by a man trying to obtain arms from this site to spark a slave revolt. For 10 points, name this town at the eastern tip of modern-day West Virginia where a federal arsenal was raided by John Brown. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 PACE NSC // rd: 12 | |
| tossup 315 went dead. -- 22:58, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One of these concepts was applied to geodesic curvature by Hertz, but started as an application of least- squares to Z, or the "constraint," and was derived by Gauss. In quantum mechanics, one of these ideas centering on the T-matrix is used to derive the Lippman-Schwinger equation. Another of these ideas was derived by conceiving of Newton's second law in terms of an "inertial force," and is based on a vanishing "virtual work" for reversible displacements. That one of these ideas is named for (*) D'Alembert. Noting the similarities between two of these concepts in mechanics and optics is the basis of the path integral formulation. The use of these concepts is contrasted with, but mathematically equivalent to, Newtonian vectorial mechanics. One of these concepts can be used to derive the Euler-Lagrange equations by assuming that a given motion minimizes the action. For 10 points, name these constraints on the equations of motion, which can be derived using their namesake "calculus." | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 VICO // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 316 went dead. -- 22:58, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The failure of the Convention of Pardo led to this conflict, and during it, George Anson led a fleet of eight ships which circumnavigated the globe and attacked enemy shipping along the way. One battle in this conflict saw four thousand soldiers and six ships under the command of Blas de Lezo defeat an invasion force of almost two hundred ships commanded by Admiral Vernon, the disastrous Battle of Cartagena de Indias. The early stages of this war are highlighted by the capture of the Panamanian city of Porto Bello, and at the Battle of Bloody Marsh during it, James Oglethorpe defended Georgia from an attack which originated in Florida. This conflict was fought over the Asiento, a contract dealing with the control of the slave trade, and it led to the fall of Robert Walpole's government. For 10 points, name this early phase of the War of the Austrian Succession, a conflict between England and Spain named after a certain British captain's severed appendage. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 THUNDER // rd: THUNDER Round 3 - Final.doc | |
| tossup 317 went dead. -- 22:58, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The hypho type of boranes with a zero net charge have this many more hydrogens than borons. For an anti-aromatic molecule, this is the second smallest number of pi electrons possible in the conjugated system. The most common form of sulfur in nature has this number of atoms in the shape of a ring. This number of hydrogens is found in each molecule of butene and propane. The element with this atomic number has an allotrope called ozone. For 10 points, name this number of valence electrons that most main-group elements desire, according to the octet rule. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 Delta Burke // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 318 went dead. -- 22:58, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The ISDS provision in this document was illustrated in an op-ed using the example of a French company suing Egypt. This document extends the TRIPS agreement, especially in regard to pharmaceuticals, and it formed as an extension of the P4 agreement. (*) “Fast track” legislation most recently passed in reference to this document, and Trump accused Clinton of calling it the “gold standard.” China was notably excluded from this agreement, and its most controversial points include its copyright provisions and heavy slashing of tariffs. For 10 points, name this massive trade agreement between twelve countries circling the namesake ocean. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 HFT XI // rd: Finals 2 | |
| tossup 319 went dead. -- 22:58, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: For a q-ary code, the terms in denominator of the sphere packing bound are these numbers timea function of q. The nth Catalan number is calculated by multiplying one over n plus one times one ofthese numbers. The number of trials times the success rate time the failure rate is the variance for a(*) distribution that uses and shares a name with these numbers. The sum of all of these numbers when therow index is held constant is 2 to the n. These numbers make up the entries in Pascal's triangle and can bederived from a different function by dividing by k factorial. For 10 points, name these numbers that give nchoose k and are used in their namesake expansion of the powers of a size two polynomial. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 PACE NSC // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 320 went dead. -- 22:58, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This author collected various ghost stories in his work Present at a Hanging. This author wrote about Burt Lassister finding out his house has been burned down a year ago despite having visited it the day before in one story, while another story details a robot killing its owner after being defeated at chess. In addition to "Three and One are One" and "Moxon's Master," he also wrote a story in which an Alabaman planter rushes home before the reader is informed that "Peyton Farquhar was dead." For 10 points, name this American author of "An Occurrence of Owl Creek Bridge" and The Devil's Dictionary. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 PACE NSC // rd: PACE NSC 2009 - Round 19.doc | |
| tossup 321 went dead. -- 22:58, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In the beginning scenes of this novel, one character defies his father by standing below his window through the night. The protagonist has a dream in which he finds his lover’s songbird dead in a cage, and the son he later has with that lover steals a raft and sails away. A ferryman in this novel, (*) Vasudeva, instructs the title character to “listen to the river” after he does not find satisfaction with the wandering Samanas and parts ways with his best friend, Govinda. For ten points, name this novel that follows a man’s journey to enlightenment by Herman Hesse. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 LIST (Ladue Invitational Spring Tournament) VI // rd: 12 | |
| tossup 322 went dead. -- 22:58, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Internal energy is minimized when this quantity and entropy are both kept constant, and work done by an ideal gas in an isothermal process is proportional to the difference in the log of this state function. This quantity is “corrected” by minus a constant b times the “number of (*) moles” in the van der Waals equation. Avogadro discovered gases with an equal value of this quantity have an equal number of particles, and this quantity is proportional to temperature by Charles’s Law. Boyle’s law says this quantity is inversely proportional to pressure. For 10 points, name this quantity measured for example by cubic meters. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 HFT XII // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 323 went dead. -- 22:58, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In a poem referencing this poem, people visit this poem's author and appeal to him: "you wrote wewere heroes once, sir. Please, write we are starving now." That poem by Rudyard Kipling is about the"Last of" the title group of this poem. The subjects of this poem were "storm'd at with shot and shell, /While horse and hero fell," with the survivors returning "thro' the Jaws of Death / Back from the mouthof Hell". Though "someone had blundered," it is not for this poem's characters "to reason why"because "Theirs but to do and die." For 10 points, the fateful offensive of 600 cavalrymen at Balaclavawas immortalized in what poem by Alfred Lord Tennyson? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 ACF Fall // rd: Ohio State Distance + Louisville A + Tulane A + Clemson A | |
| tossup 324 went dead. -- 22:59, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A number x such that the floor function of the quantity "x to the power of 3 to the power of n" has this property for all integer values of n must exist, according to Mills' theorem. A method for producing these numbers which involves removing numbers of the form "i plus j plus two times i times j" and then doubling and adding one to the remaining numbers is named for Sundaram. The AKS algorithm can verify this property in polynomial time. A test named for (*) Miller and Rabin can be used to determine if a number is one of these things. Newsworthy examples of a process to find these numbers have been performed by GIMPS, a "Great Internet Search" for these numbers. The Sieve of Eratosthenes can be used to find these numbers. For 10 points, identify these numbers divisible only by themselves and 1. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 Spartan Housewrite // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 325 went dead. -- 22:59, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: John Sanford and Edward Wolf refitted an air rifle with tungsten particles to effect this process in onion cells The chances of this practice occurring are boosted in a laboratory technique in which calcium chloride is added to the sample. pBR322 and species in the pUC series are often used to measure the efficiency of this process, which is reported in cfu per microgram. Cells undergoing this process turn into the namesake colors in the blue-white screen. The Avery-MacLeod-McCarty experiment identified the agent that was responsible for modulating this process in rough and heat-killed smooth species in (*) Griffith's experiment. Only species that possess competence may undergo this process, which is induced by discharging hundreds of volts across a cell membrane in electroporation. A variant of this process performed with DNA in eukaryotic cells is called transfection. For 10 points, name this form of horizontal gene transfer in which a cell incorporates outside genetic material, contrasted with transduction and conjugation | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 George Oppen // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 326 went dead. -- 22:59, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Two equivalents of this compound form a ligand found in a rubidium complex that switches from D3 (“D-three”) to C2 (“C-two”) symmetry upon excitation. Two units of this molecule are coupled and then methylated to synthesize the herbicide and ROS generator paraquat. A di·carboxyl·ated derivative of this molecule makes up a significant portion of the mass of bacterial spores. A derivatized form of this compound removes a hydrogen from a carboxylic acid before it reacts with DCC in the Steglich esterification. That derivative of this compound contains a di·methyl·amino group substituted at the four position. Multiple equivalents of this compound are found in the terpy and bipy (“bippy”) ligands. A chlorochromate salt of this compound can be used to partially oxidize primary alcohols to aldehydes. This compound and methanol are the primary compounds added to “denature” alcohol. For 10 points, name this aromatic compound consisting of a six-membered ring with a nitrogen hetero·atom. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 ACF Nationals // rd: 12 - Editors | |
| tossup 327 went dead. -- 22:59, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This author wrote that “I shall shoot you clean and fair / With meat and bread, a gourd of wine / A bunch of breasts from either arm, and that / Lone question - do you… know… / What it is all about?” in a poem depicting a wartime interaction between a “Civilian and Soldier.” The speaker of a poem by this author pleads “Madam… wouldn’t you rather / See for yourself?” after being asked several permutations of the all-caps question “ARE YOU DARK? OR VERY LIGHT?” by a potential landlady. This author wrote a volume of protest poems titled A Big (*) Airplane Crashed Into the Earth during a nearly two-year stint of imprisonment during which he scribbled a memoir on toilet paper and was unable to attend the Accra production of his play in which a “Dance of the Lost Traveller” is performed for a photographer who assembles a picture book from images of a village in which Lakunle and Baroka vie for the hand of Sidi. For 10 points, name this Nigerian author of “Telephone Conversation” and plays such as The Lion and the Jewel. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 It's Lit // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 328 went dead. -- 22:59, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one poem by this author "the green lizard, and the golden snake, like unimprisoned flames," who "out of theirtrance awake," are used to describe the passing of the seasons during which "grief returns with the revolving year."This author states that "some yet live, treading the thorny road, / Which leads, through toil and hate, to Fame'sserene abode" in a poem that calls for the "most musical of mourners" to "weep again!" That poem by him describesa dead man's soul that "like a star, / beacons from the abode where the Eternal are." He described "The hand thatmock'd" and "the heart that fed" in a poem whose speaker encounters an inscription that reads "Look on my works,ye mighty, and despair!" For 10 points, name this English Romantic poet of "Adonäis" and "Ozymandias" | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 ACF Regionals // rd: Berkeley A + Columbia B + South Carolina A + McMaster A | |
| tossup 329 went dead. -- 22:59, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A character with this profession corrects the lyrics of a song about Granuaile while speaking with a Ragged Man, and is assisted by men simply called X and B. In a play, Mairtin helps dig up a grave while watched by his brother, a character with this profession who drowns himself in the lake where bags of bones are sunk by Mick Dowd. Sympathies for Jimmy Walsh cause a character to turn down a hundred-pound reward in a play about a man in this profession. Tom Hanlon, a member of this profession, possesses Oona’s locket in A (*) Skull in Connemara. A character with this profession mails a cash box which turns out to be a black box filled with omnium. In later novel, a character with this profession takes the protagonist to an underground chamber where cigarettes doesn’t burn down and time stands still, titled “Eternity.” That novel titled for this profession follows a scholar of de Selby’s who murders Mathers with his friend Divney. For 10 points, name this profession which titles a Flann O’Brien novel about a “third” one. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Chicago Open // rd: 09 Mirkin and Humphrey | |
| tossup 330 went dead. -- 22:59, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This poet advises a woman to "put as little trust as possible in tomorrow." This man also composed a work to be performed at games celebrating the end of the century. This author of the Carmen Saeculare also celebrated the defeat of an unnamed Cleopatra in a work that begins "nunc est bibendum." In another work, this man asserts that plays should be written in five acts and that continuity errors can be made by any skill level of poets. This man also coined the phrase "carpe diem" as well as "dulce et decorum est pro patria mori." For 10 points, name this author of Ars Poetica and several books of his namesake odes. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 ACF Fall // rd: Georgia Tech A.doc | |
| tossup 331 went dead. -- 22:59, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Presaging Pygmalion, the hero of this novel turns a beggar into a society woman, though his friendsreact with horror. The title character scams women into telling secrets to (*) Cadwallader Crabtree,who pretends to be a fortune teller, and is imprisoned after writing a satire against Steady Steerwell.Ultimately all ends well when the hero marries Emilia Gauntlet. For 10 points— name this novel by TobiasSmollett. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2008 FICHTE // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 332 went dead. -- 22:59, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man wrote the opinion invalidating grandfather clauses in Guinn v U.S. He became only the second currently serving Supreme Court justice to be promoted to Chief Justice. Best known for developing the "Rule of Reason" to interpret the Sherman Antitrust Act, he was replaced as Chief Justice by the President who appointed him, William Howard Taft. For 10 points, name this Chief Justice during almost the entirety of the 1910's. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Cheyne American History // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 333 went dead. -- 22:59, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One of his last works was an adventure novel about George Cranleigh's love for the title character, who is a daughter of a prince from the Caucasus. This author of Dariel also created a character who becomes famous for his unnatural ability to float around with the wind, Sir Thomas Upmore. His anonymously published novel Clara Vaughan was mistakenly attributed to Mary Elizabeth Braddon. Most famously, he wrote a novel set in Exmoor during the time of the Monmouth Rebellion. That novel features a family of robbers who live in a valley, and the title character is believed to be a member of that family, until it is discovered she is actually a member of the Dugal family. The narrator of that novel, John Ridd, meets Judge Jeffreys and falls in love with the title character. For 10 points, name this author of sensation novels like Lorna Doone. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 WELD // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 334 went dead. -- 22:59, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one work by this author, the central character counts that he farts three hundred and fifteen times in a single nineteen-hour span. In that work by this man, a woman reveals that she was going to put down her dog, thus saving from a mob the man who ran the dog over with his bicycle. One novel by him seems to have at least two shifting narrators, who may be the same person, as suggested by the sentence "if I am (*) Mahood, I am Worm too." The narrator of another of his novels has a curved stick that he uses to pull things towards his bed, and tells the story of a boy called Sapo, but, finding the name absurd, changes it to Macmann when the character becomes a man. In a work by this author of The Unnameable, Father Ambrose assures that the son of an extremely fastidious detective, Jacques Moran, did not skip church. For 10 points, name this author of Malone Dies and Molloy. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 Cane Ridge Revival // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 335 went dead. -- 23:0, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In the build-up to this battle, James Neill was chosen as the site's garrison leader, while Green Jameson set up cannon to defend against artillery. Governor Henry Smith ordered William Travis to this site, where the lieutenant colonel would end up leading the regulars, with the volunteers led by Jim Bowie. Name this battle that took place ten years before the Mexican-American War, fought at a fortification in San Antonio, Texas. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 Masonic // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 336 went dead. -- 23:0, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Six equivalents of a compound containing this element and chlorine are used to convert an aldehyde toan E-alkene in the Takai olefination. E.J. Corey and Bill Suggs discovered a pyridinium salt reagent inwhich this element is bound to oxygen and chlorine. This metal's trioxide is combined with acetone andsulfuric acid in a reagent which is used to convert primary alcohols to carboxylic acids. This metal, whichis used in organic chemistry as part of the PCC and Jones reagents, imparts a red color to corundum. For10 points, name this metal which is named for its ability to change the color of many metal compounds. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 ACF Fall // rd: DCC C + UGA + Brown A | |
| tossup 337 went dead. -- 23:0, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The losing side at this battle fled back to their beached ships, with which they had recently raided Naxos, Karystos, and Eretria; the winners were assisted by a thousand Plataeans. According to Herodotus, the losers' campaign was a response to the Ionian revolt, and Sparta refused to help at this battle despite a request from the herald Pheidippides. At it, Miltiades and Callimachus won out over generals of Darius I. For 10 points, name this victory for the Greeks over Persia in 490 BC, after which an Athenian herald announcing the victory allegedly ran 26 miles. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 BHSAT // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 338 went dead. -- 23:0, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Although not primarily known as an economist, this man wrote such works as Cartesian Economics, Wealth, Virtual Wealth and Debt, and Money Versus Man. A work that is more closely associated with the field this man worked in is called The Interpretation of Radium, and helped motivate H.G. Wells to write The World Set Free. While at McGill University in Montreal, he collaborated with Ernest Rutherford on radioactive processes, and he worked with William Ramsay University College in London on the properties and actions of radium and helium. This man has namesake sexlet, as well as namesake circles. For 10 points, name this winner of the 1921 Nobel in Chemistry, a British chemist who discovered isotopes | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 VCU Open // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 339 went dead. -- 23:0, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The innovation of using sarbatus in these places is attributed to a man named Shukalletuda. The mysterious item “slave girl buttock” appears on an inventory of one of these places belonging to Merodach-Baladan. That tablet is housed in the British Museum, which is also home to a relief of Ashurbanipal and his wife reclining in one of these places with the severed head of Tuemman. Erra-imitti’s efforts to avert his death by making a worker in one of these places king failed when he choked on porridge, leading that worker, Enlil-bani, to rule for 23 years. Aqqi the (*) water-carrier supposedly trained the future king Sargon to work in one of these places. Quintus Curtius Rufus described 60-foot tall trees that adorned one of these places that Strabo claims made use of screw pumps. According to legend, that one of these places was built for Amytis of Media because she missed the greenery of her homeland. For 10 points, name this sort of place ubiquitous in Sumerian cities and texts, a collection of which built by Nebuchadnezzar II were one of the Seven Wonders of the World. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Chicago Open // rd: Finals 1 | |
| tossup 340 went dead. -- 23:0, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This poem's second section begins with the speaker recalling how "from air to air, like an empty net Iwent between the streets and atmosphere, arriving and departing." That section later warns, "You'll notreturn from the bottom of the rocks." This poem addresses Cristobal Miranda at the beginning of its eighthsection, "The Earth's Name Is Juan," and it opens with "A Lamp on Earth." The speaker urges the listenerto "speak through my words and through my blood" and to "arise to birth with me, my brother," in itssection, "The Heights of Macchu Picchu." For 10 points, name this book-length poem by Pablo Neruda. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 NASAT // rd: 16 | |
| tossup 341 went dead. -- 23:0, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Description acceptableAccording to rumor, the sugar dispensed to inhabitants of these places was adulterated with pieces of blue glass containing deadly poison. E. D. Sargent organized the teaching of English in these places, starting at Norval's Pont, which was widely considered a "well-run" example of these locations. Dr. James Kay wrote that opposition to these places was led by "sexless busybodies with nothing better to do than decry everything and everybody." The ship Avondale Castle was used as a temporary prison to contain (*) Emily Hobhouse, who wished to raise awareness about the spread of diseases like scarlet fever and measles in these locations. A group of six women called the Fawcett committee investigated conditions in these locations, which Lord Kitchener called "the most effective method of limiting the endurance of the Guerillas." For 10 points, identify these compounds where Afrikaans-speaking civilians were held until the signing of a 1902 peace treaty. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 Chicago Open History // rd: 13 | |
| tossup 342 went dead. -- 23:0, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This ruler married the daughter of Emperor Seleucus I, and one important source on him is the Indica of Megasthenes, who was appointed as an ambassador in this man’s court. This ruler was taught by Chanakya, who may have authored the Arthashastra. According to Plutarch, this man met Alexander the Great after being exiled for trying to overthrow Magadhan rule, but, after Alexander died, he ended Greek rule in northwest India. By the third century BCE, he had conquered most of the Indian subcontinent, which had chiefly been occupied by the Nanda Empire. For 10 points, name this founder of the Mauryan Empire and grandfather of Ashoka the Great. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 Prison Bowl VIII // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 343 went dead. -- 23:0, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: 9. In a poem, this character’s monologue anticipates an audience’s possible criticism of him before describing the “conjurer’s profession” of writing. This character compares God to a freshwater fish attempting to escape to salt water; he also argues there is no afterlife because God “doth His worst in this our life.” An essay about this character, who speaks last in Auden’s “The Sea and the Mirror,” compares “lettered” and “unlettered” cultures; that essay by Stephen Greenblatt is (*) “Learning to Curse.” This character, who eats food that he calls “scamels,” demands to be called X in a post-colonialist play by Aime Cesaire. In the play he first appears in, this character enters the service of Stephano and Trinculo, and is the son of a sorceress who worships Setebos. For 10 points, name this son of Sycorax and slave of Prospero in Shakespeare’s The Tempest. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Historature // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 344 went dead. -- 23:0, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: With “the shriek of babies being ground beneath blue-hot rollers,” a character in this story politely says: “Hate. Let me tell you how much I’ve come to hate you since I began to live.” This story invokes the mythical Hvergelmir, roc, and Hurakan to describe a massive bird that creates hurricanes when it flaps its wings. The antagonist of this story repeats the phrases “I think, therefore I am” and “Cogito ergo sum,” which are presented in the form of (*) punchcode tape messages. At the ice cavern where they all journey in search of canned food, the narrator of this story uses Benny biting the flesh off Gorrister’s face as a distraction to stab both of them with icicles, killing them after 109 years of them being kept alive as torture. The narrator utters the title line of this story after he is consequently mutated into a “great soft jelly thing” as punishment by the sadistic supercomputer AM. For 10 points, name this horrific post-apocalyptic science fiction story by Harlan Ellison. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 Chicago Open // rd: 05 Nguyen and Ebner | |
| tossup 345 went dead. -- 23:0, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Access to one of these machines at Brookhaven enabled James Cronin and Val Fitch to discover CP violation. The proposal to build one of these near Waxahachie [WAWK-sah-HATCH-ee], Texas was canceled in 1993. Rolf Widerøe and Ernest Lawrence designed versions of these devices using magnets. Many modern ones are (*) circular and the largest examples, such as the one used to detect the Higgs Boson, have diameters measured in kilometers. For 10 points—give the term for these devices that propel particles to near the speed of light. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 Philly Cheesteak // rd: 11 | |
| tossup 346 went dead. -- 23:0, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This politician’s name is often prefixed with the honorific “Daw.” This politician first emerged as a national figure during the 8888 Uprising, during which she addressed half a million people from Shwedagon Pagoda. Provisions of a 2008 constitution that bars spouses and parents of foreigners from serving as president prevented this (*) woman from taking that office; she instead serves as State Counsellor and leads the National League for Democracy. She has been criticized for refusing to discuss her country’s treatment of Rohingya Muslims. For 10 points, name this 1991 Nobel Peace Prize laureate from Myanmar who spent 15 years under house arrest. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 BHSAT // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 347 went dead. -- 23:0, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Most serious scholars point to this man's letter to the Bank of Saint George as evidence for the standard account of his geographic origins. Delno West and August King first translated into English a book by this man in which he predicted the release of Mount Zion from the infidels and asserted that the Orinoco had been one of the rivers of Eden; that collaboration with Gaspar Gorriti was entitled the Book of Prophecies. After becoming dissatisfied with the vast numbers of slaves he sent to Europe, this man's patrons ordered Francisco de Bobadilla to replace him in one administrative post, though he retained the title (*) almirantazgo. This subject of the Capitulations of Santa Fe is perhaps better known as the first governor of Hispaniola. For 10 points, name this "Admiral of the Ocean Sea," a Genoese explorer who led four voyages to the New World. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 Chicago Open History // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 348 went dead. -- 23:0, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This dynasty established the standard form of the Three Departments and Six Ministries system, and it promulgated the equal-field system of farming. Its first emperor built the new capital Daxing [“dah-shing”] on the site of Chang’an, and its second emperor rebuilt Luoyang. This dynasty’s government inspired the Taika Reforms. This dynasty collapsed following a failed war with Goguryeo. This dynasty began the construction of the (*) Grand Canal. It took power under Wen Di in 581, unifying China for the first time in nearly 400 years, after the fall of the Han dynasty. For 10 points, name this three-emperor dynasty that was succeeded by the Tang. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 BHSAT // rd: 12 | |
| tossup 349 went dead. -- 23:1, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: During this century, Valerian the Elder was captured at the Battle of Edessa. Severus Alexander was assassinated during this century, and some of the emperors during it included the co-ruling Pupienus and Balbinus as well as the Gordians. A (*) “Crisis” of this century ended with the rise of an emperor who issued the Edict of Maximum Prices and split the empire into a tetrarchy; that emperor near the end of this century was Diocletian. This century began a little under 200 years after the death of Augustus, and it began 276 years before the canonical Fall of Rome. For 10 points, give this century that began about 200 years after the birth of Christ. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 HFT XII // rd: Finals 1 | |
| tossup 350 went dead. -- 23:1, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Male birds have two chromosomes denoted by this letter. In statistics, the number ofstandard deviations separating a value from the mean is denoted by this letter's "score." Ini,j,k vector notation, the k component indicates movement in this (*) direction, which alsonames the axis that differentiates cylindrical coordinates from polar coordinates. The set of integersis often denoted by, for 10 points, what Arabic letter that forms the third coordinate of an orderedtriple? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 SCOP Novice // rd: R | |
| tossup 351 went dead. -- 23:1, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This organization provided funding for Robert Ballard's discovery of the remains of JFK'sPT-109. T. Y. Rothenburg studied this organization in Presenting America to the World, exploring indetail its relationship with nudity. Early heads of this organization included Gilbert HoveyGrosvenor. Employees of this organization pioneered adding red shirts to scenes to make them morephotogenic. This organization presents medals named for two of its presidents, (*) Alexander GrahamBell and Gardiner Greene Hubbard. This organization is best known for a publication that featured a SteveMcCurry picture of a young Sharbat Gula with green eyes in a photo titled "Afghan Girl". For 10 points,name this organization which publishes a popular yellow-framed magazine. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 College History Bowl // rd: 4 | |
| tossup 352 went dead. -- 23:1, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The main naval engagement in this conflict was fought near the island of Russaro and saw one side nearly lose a cruiser due to coastal bombardment; the other side deployed its ships in harbor as an anti-aircraft measure. One battle in this war saw one side lose many members of its engineering corps after unsuccessfully attempting to build a pontoon bridge over a namesake river, while another site of intense fighting saw one side utilize the Munasuo Swamp to break through before encircling their opponents by gaining control of Lahde. Those clashes at Taipale and Summa are not as well known as the Battle of Raate Road, where one side used a decisive ambush; that was part of the larger Battle of Suomussalmi. It ended with the Moscow Peace Treaty and saw combat along the Mannerheim Line. For 10 points, name this conflict fought during a namesake season between Finland and the U.S.S.R. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 VCU Open (Saturday) // rd: Round 7.doc | |
| tossup 353 went dead. -- 23:1, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One of these events led to an international incident when the fishing boat Lucky Dragon 5stumbled upon Operation Castle Bravo. Large swaths of the Tahitian capital of Papeete were burneddown in 1995 riots after Jacques Chirac announced an end to the moratorium on these. The VelaProgram was enacted to monitor them. A protest over one of these events at Moruroa led to thedeath of Fernando Pereira and the resignation of Charles Hernu, as French (*) commandoes sunk theGreenpeace flagship Rainbow Warrior. Two of these in 1998 led to increased tensions in the Kargil War.The first of these in India was termed Operation Smiling Buddha, and most in the U.S. occurred in Nevadaor the Bikini Atoll. For 10 points, name these events curtailed by "partial" and "comprehensive" bantreaties in 1963 and 1996. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 VCU Open // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 354 went dead. -- 23:1, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one poem in this collection, the speaker asks to be reminded of “those who are now examinate” and then to “gather the north flowers to complete the south.” The first of these poems remembers how a (*) Greek poet “had sung / Of the sweet years,” and they were disguised as translations of Bosnian poetry. The speaker of one poem in this collection asserts she will do an action “to the depth and breadth and height my soul can reach,” while in another poem she asks the addressee to “call me by my pet-name!” For 10 points, name this collection of poems that includes “How do I love thee? Let me count the ways,” by Elizabeth Barrett Browning. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 HFT XI // rd: Finals 1 | |
| tossup 355 went dead. -- 23:1, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Mau Mau veteran Ian Henderson was called the “butcher of” this country due to his long career as its director of state security which included resisting a mid-1990s uprising that helped force the National Action Charter of 2001. An athlete from this country was arrested and tortured for allegedly throwing Molotov cocktails at a police station, despite literally playing in a televised soccer match at the same time. Hakeem al-Araibi was nearly deported to this country while vacationing in Thailand, despite having been granted asylum by Australia. This country also jailed Sayed Adnan, who missed a penalty against New Zealand that could have qualified it for the (*) 2010 World Cup. Sheikh Salman, a native of this country, had his campaign for FIFA president derailed by this country’s “Bloody Thursday” crackdown on protestors in its Pearl Roundabout. For 10 points, name this island country ruled by the Khalifa family and connected by the King Fahd Causeway to Saudi Arabia, whose capital is Manama. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 Chicago Open // rd: 4 Bailey + Carson | |
| tossup 356 went dead. -- 23:1, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Each stanza of one of this man's early poems ends with the refrain "Through two points only one straight line can pass." His first work to be translated into English was the novel Not of This Time, Not of This Place. In a long autobiographical poem by this author, the speaker is an old man who reflects on his life, comparing it to the travels of Benjamin of Tudela. A poem which notes that "I wasn't one of the six million who died in the (*) Shoah" also contains a line which provides the title of his collection Open Closed Open, and his other collections in English include Exile at Home and a volume of selected poems translated by Ted Hughes. Some of poems refer to a friend of his who died in the Holocaust as "little Ruth." An early poem by him is named after Yehuda Ha-Levi, who shares his first name. For 10 points, name this 20th-century Israeli poet. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 Gorilla Lit // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 357 went dead. -- 23:1, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: An AFL-CIO convention resolution called this law “highly disruptive” and leaders of the Teamsters Union sent letters arguing that it would “shatter our hard earned benefits” to Harry Reid and Nancy Pelosi. One legal challenge to this law ended when the Supreme Court ruled 6-3 in King v. Burwell that its(*) federal subsidies clause is legal. For 10 points name this signature law that was erroneously claimed to include “Death Panels.” | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 WHAQ I // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 358 went dead. -- 23:1, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This group's creation was inspired by the book Stride Towards Freedom. A speech critical of Kennedy's planned civil rights bill was given during the March on Washington by its leader, John Lewis, who also oversaw the organization of the Mississippi Freedom Democratic Party for the 1964 Democratic Convention. Initially started in Greensboro, North Carolina, it was formally organized in a conference led by Ella Baker at Shaw University. After the Watts Riots, it began to reject civil rights legislation and was taken over by its militant branch. For 10 points, name this civil rights organization that supported "black power" under the leadership of Stokely Carmichael. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2008 ACF Fall // rd: ACF Fall 2008 - Cornell.doc | |
| tossup 359 went dead. -- 23:1, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: 12. The genus Condylostoma unusually does not use these sequences in its genome. In 2013, George Church's lab engineered a strain of E. coli that lacks the rarest example of these sequences, which is useful, since bioorthogonal chemistry often adds azide handles by suppressing one of them called amber. In most genes, these sequences are upstream of the poly-U tract but immediately downstream of the (*) C-terminus, and likely evolved to prevent frameshifting. Upon encountering these sequences at the A site, release factors hydrolyze the nascent polypeptide. When these sequences are accidentally introduced, nonsense mutations occur. In DNA, they are TAA, TAG, and TGA. For 10 points, name these triplets that signal to the ribosome that translation should end. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 PACE NSC // rd: 14 | |
| tossup 360 went dead. -- 23:1, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: In one work by this author, a drunken red-haired soldier tries to buy a monkey from an organ grinder before mistakenly making a date with a twelve-year-old girl who wants to be called "F. Jasmine" and go to Winter Hill, Alaska. In one work by this author, one character uses broken strings from various instruments to try to build a homemade violin, and an African-American doctor dying from tuberculosis delivers a Christmas speech about Karl Marx. She wrote a work in which John Henry West accompanies Frankie Addams as she tries to join her brother on his honeymoon. In a novel by this author of The Member of the Wedding, Dr. Copeland, Jake Blount, and a young tomboy named Mick Kelly are among those who confide in the deaf-mute John Singer. For 10 points, name this American author of The Heart is a Lonely Hunter. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 ACF Regionals // rd: LASA A + UVA B | |
| tossup 361 went dead. -- 23:1, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This novel’s protagonist rejects the crude affections of Nhorinha, and later rejects the purer attention of Otacilia, although he suggests that he married her after the main narrative. This novel ends with the posthumous discovery that Diadorim who struck up a friendship with the protagonist after helping him to cross the Sao Francisco river was a woman and begins with the single word sentence “Nonada.” This novel’s 1963 translation by Harriet De Onis has been criticized for simplifying this text which takes the form of a 600 page monologue without chapter breaks by a ranch (*) owner to a urban doctor. While fighting Ricardão, who with Hermogenes had overthrown his former employer Ramiro, the Jagunço, Riobaldo goes to a crossroads to make a faustian pact but expresses a fear that “we sell our souls, only there is no buyer.”. For 10 points, name this magnum opus of João Guimaeres Rosa. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: WORLDSTAR // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 362 went dead. -- 23:2, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A poem by this man references "Ode on a Grecian Urn" with "Libation and sacrifice" before going on to talk of an "Iron-hearted man-slaying" person "who would not live long". Another of his poems says how the Old Masters "never forget / That even the dreadful martyrdom must run its course." This poet of "The Shield of Achilles" wrote a poem set "in one of the dives / On Fifty-Second Street" where the narrator thinks of the "darkened lands of the earth" where "the unmentionable odour of death" lingers. Name this author of "The Age of Anxiety", "September 1, 1939", and "Musée des Beaux Arts" [moo-zay day boh-zart]. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 NTSS // rd: 15 | |
| tossup 363 went dead. -- 23:2, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One author with this first name collected Somali poetry and folktales in A Tree for Poverty. A historian with this first name wrote about "the week that changed the world" in Nixon in China, but is best known for a work about the Paris Peace Conference, which has been published under the titles Peacemakers and Paris 1919. One author with this first name set many of her novels in the fictional town of Manawaka, including a novel about Morag Gunn entitled The Diviners and a novel in which the nonagenarian Hagar Shipley looks back on her life from a nursing home, The Stone Angel. Another author with this first name wrote a novel about Iris Chase and one in which Marian McAlpin bakes a cake in the shape of a woman, as well as one set in a theocracy called the Republic of Gilead. For 10 points, give the shared first name of the Canadian authors MacMillan, Laurence, and Atwood. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 WELD // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 364 went dead. -- 23:2, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This character marries a "minor movingpicture magnate" in Hollywood and divorces him in Mexico five years later. This character washes her mouth out with soap after kissing Charlie; earlier, she wrestles with a brother for kissing "a dirty girl like Natalie." At her father's funeral, this character pays her brother a hundred dollars to see her daughter, whom she later attempts to send two hundred dollars a month. That brother notices her muddy drawers as she climbs a tree, and repeatedly remarks that this character "smells of trees." This character's favorite brother, for whom she names her daughter, thinks of her before committing suicide at Harvard. For 10 points, name this sister of Jason, Quentin, and Benjy Compson in William Faulkner's The Sound and the Fury. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 ACF Regionals // rd: Bellarmine HS + Columbia A + Louisiana-Lafayette | |
| tossup 365 went dead. -- 23:2, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This politician bought a vacation home in Roundstone, Ireland from Edward Downe, Jr., an insider trader whom he successfully lobbied Bill Clinton to pardon. Columnists Drew Pearson and Jack Anderson exposed how this man's father used campaign funds for personal expenses, resulting in a censure by the Senate in 1967. This man is the first namesake of a bill whose many provisions included the (*) Durbin Amendment, which placed limits on debit card fees. This Democrat finished 6th in the 2008 Iowa caucus. This man succeeded Dan Glickman to be the current head of the MPAA. This senator is the first namesake of a bill that repealed Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act exemptions and which established the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau. For 10 points, identify this former Connecticut senator who co-sponsored a Wall Street Reform bill with Barney Frank. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 We Have Never Been Modern // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 366 went dead. -- 23:2, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This character says "This is a torch song. Touch me and you'll burn" at the end of a Margaret Atwood poem in which she "does Countertop Dancing". This character "becomes a scold, haggard with virtue" after bearing "child on legitimate child" in a Rupert Brooke poem, and she is the subject of a 1954 feminist epic by H.D that places her "in Egypt". In another appearance, she is rescued by Phorkyas and taken to a man with whom she has a child named (*) Euphorion. In a Christopher Marlowe play, that man asks if this character has "the face that launched a thousand ships / and burnt the topless towers of Ilium". For 10 points, name this object of Faust's affection, a mythical woman whose kidnap by Paris sparked the Trojan War. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 MUT // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 367 went dead. -- 23:2, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This man wrote about a disturbed Marine psychiatrist in Twinkle, Twinkle, "Killer" Kane, which he later reworked as the novel and film The Ninth Configuration. He also wrote a comic spoof about a bumbling U-2 pilot who becomes a football coach in the Arab country Fawzia. Besides John Goldfarb, Please Come Home, he is best known for writing about Lankester Merrin and Damian Karras' attempts to heal young Regan MacNeil. FTP, name this author of The Exorcist. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2009 Minnesota Open Lit // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 368 went dead. -- 23:2, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Oxides of this element are used to widen blood vessels. Diazotrophs like rhizobia are organisms that "fix" this element, and are found in the roots of legumes. It is not hydrogen, but the positive end of an amino acid has a group—the (*) amine group—containing this element. This element is excreted from the body in urea. Ammonia consists of hydrogen and, for 10 points, what element with atomic number 7 and symbol N? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 SCOP Novice // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 369 went dead. -- 23:2, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This quantity is measured by an ISFET (“ISS-fet”) device, which is a modified MOSFET (“MOSS-fet”). The allowed values of this quantity in a solvent are restricted to a “discrimination window” due to the leveling effect. Carborane compounds can be quantified using a modified version of this measure named for Louis Plack Hammett. The value for this quantity at which a molecule carries no net electric charge is the isoelectric point. At the half-equivalence point of a titration curve, this quantity is equal to pKa. For 10 points, name this quantity that typically ranges from 0 to 14 and measures the acidity or basicity of a substance. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 ACF Fall // rd: Duke_B,_Rice_B,_Vanderbilt_B,_Wright_State | |
| tossup 370 went dead. -- 23:2, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Time-averaging this quantity and dividing by the speed of light yields the radiation pressure.Integrating this quantity over a volume gives the total energy (*) flow through that volume, and itsdirection is along the direction of wave propagation. For 10 points— identify this quantity which representsthe amount of energy in an electromagnetic wave and is given by the cross product of the electric andmagnetic fields. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2008 FICHTE // rd: 5 | |
| tossup 371 went dead. -- 23:2, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Inclusions of polyomaviruses such as BK and JC are found in a type of these cells often detected in urine, known as decoy cells. The diuretic amiloride is specific to a sodium channel expressed in these cells. The SCRIB complex localizes to the opposite end of these cells as the PAR and CRUMBS complexes. Reticular cells of this type in the thymus are crucial in preventing T cells from recognizing self proteins. These cells are (*) polarized into "apical" and "basolateral" domains. These cells are held together by the protein E-cadherin, whose loss triggers their transition into mesenchymal stem cells. These cells can freely contract and expand in "transitional" tissue, and form two or more layers in "stratified" tissue. These cells come in squamous, columnar, and cuboidal shapes. For 10 points, name these cells which constitute a basic animal tissue type that lines the cavities and surfaces of organs and blood vessels. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2017 (This) Tournament is a Crime // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 372 went dead. -- 23:2, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Description acceptable. During this conflict, Divico's failed embassy preceded his defeat at the Battle of Bibracte. Aulus Hirtius wrote part of a history of it. High tides and unfamiliarity with chariots hindered the attacking force in this conflict, which was led by a proconsul of Illyricum who lost the Battle of Gergovia. This conflict was precipitated by the Aedui being pushed out by the (*) Helvetii. It was ended after the Battle of Alesia. A set of "commentaries" on this war begins by stating that its namesake region is divided into three parts. For 10 points, name this war in which Julius Caesar fought Vercingetorix and the Celtic tribes of what is now France. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 BHSAT // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 373 went dead. -- 23:2, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One of his poems concerns a conversation between a boy and the moon, who asks the boy to leave her alone to dance. That is “Romance de la luna, luna”, from his collection, Gypsy Ballads. The title character of one play by this author desperately wants a baby by her husband Juan. The title widow of another play by him institutes an eight-year period of mourning over her house in Andalucía, leading the youngest of her five daughters, Adela, to commit suicide. For 10 points, name this Spanish poet and playwright, whose “rural trilogy” includes Yerma, Blood Wedding, and The House of Bernarda Alba. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 BHSAT // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 374 went dead. -- 23:3, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: He published a number of scientific papers on hydroids, and discovered several new species of Hydrozoa. He was named an honorary field marshal of the British army, and named a Knight of the Order of Garter, although these honors were revoked, then later restored. He became regent after his father Taisho became ill, and his death marked the start of the Heisei period. On becoming Emperor, he decided to call his regnal period the Showa era, meaning "peace and enlightenment," but this name was turned into a bad joke by events like the Mukden incident and the Second Sino-Japanese War, as well as the actions of his prime minister Hideki Tojo. This is, for 10 points, what Emperor of Japan during World War II? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2010 Princeton Buzzerfest // rd: Delaware.doc | |
| tossup 375 went dead. -- 23:3, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The set of these entities over a ring is denoted with an “x” in square brackets. These entities can arbitrarily approximate any continuous function according to the Weierstrass [VYE-ur-strahss] theorem. One of these objects is produced by taking the determinant of “lambda times the identity matrix, minus another matrix.” Most of these functions can’t be solved by (*) radicals, according to the Abel–Ruffini theorem. Factoring these functions can make finding their roots easier, and second-degree examples of them can be solved with the quadratic formula. For 10 points, name these functions of integer powers of a variable, such as “x squared plus five.” | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2018 BHSAT // rd: 9 | |
| tossup 376 went dead. -- 23:3, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The speaker of one poem in this collection describes himself as "the word without echoes, he who lost everything and he who had everything" after addressing "you who are silent," a white bee "drunk with honey" that buzzes in the speaker's soul. This collection contains a poem that includes the lines "The night is starry and the stars are blue and shiver in the distance" and "Love is so short, forgetting is so long." The speaker declares, "You look like a world lying in surrender" after noting the "white hills, white thighs" of the title thing in "Body of a Woman." The speaker of the last poem in this collection repeatedly exclaims "In you everything sank!" right after a poem beginning "Tonight I can write the saddest lines." For 10 points, name this early poetry collection by Pablo Neruda. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2015 ACF Regionals // rd: Louisiana Tech + RIT + Johns Hopkins A | |
| tossup 377 went dead. -- 23:3, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The novelist Ferdynand Goetel was forced into exile because he had been part of the first commission put together to investigate this event. This event was later investigated by the Burdenko Commission, which correctly noted that German equipment had been used. Rudolf von Gersdorff first discovered evidence of this event three years after it happened while serving as a German intelligence officer, leading to this event's first public mention in a propaganda speech of Joseph Goebbels. The Soviet Union claimed that this event involved workers from Smolensk who had been killed by the Nazis. In reality, they were largely military officers and intellectuals killed by the NKVD. For 10 points, name this 1940 massacre of 22,000 Polish civilians by the Soviet Union. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 ACF Nationals // rd: Editors2 | |
| tossup 378 went dead. -- 23:3, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One of this author's poems notes that the speaker has only an old Roman coin that he got from Mike Kanemitsu and a bolt-head from a Madrid packing case in his pockets. Another of his poems ends with the speaker drinking a glass of papaya juice and declaring that "Poems by Pierre Reverdy" is his heart in his pocket. The collection featuring those poems also contains a work in which this man exclaims "we love you get up" to the title character upon seeing a newspaper headline. In another poem in that collection, this man recalls hearing a woman who "whispered a song along the keyboards," causing "everyone and I" to stop breathing. This author of "Lana Turner Has Collapsed" and "The Day the Lady Died", which exemplify his concept of "Personism", wrote a poem in which he discourses on the color orange and tells of visiting Mike Goldberg to see his painting Sardines. For 10 points, name this author of "Why I Am Not a Painter", a member of the New York School who described his noontime perambulations in his Lunch Poems. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Minnesota Open // rd: Maryland A | |
| tossup 379 went dead. -- 23:3, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A future holder of this office placed the first rivet into the Statue of Liberty. The man who held this office under James Monroe unsuccessfully challenged DeWitt Clinton for the Governorship of New York. The man who held this executive branch office under Bill Clinton was appointed to head the Reinventing Government Commission. Another holder of this office was indicted for not reporting bribes as income to the IRS, and was forced to resign for tax evasion. Men who held this office in the 19th century include Daniel Tompkins and Garret A. Hobart. A recent holder of this office famously claimed he was not part of the Executive branch when dealing with an investigation into his advisor, "Scooter" Libby. For 10 points, name this office once held by Dick Cheney. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 ACF Nationals // rd: BerkeleyRice | |
| tossup 380 went dead. -- 23:3, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: The Ghaznavid dynasty, founded by Turkic military chieftains, ruled this region after they overthrew their prior patrons, the Persian Samavids, who had appointed Sebuktigin governor of Ghazna and thus ruler of this region. The battle of Dandanqan in 1040 was the decisive Ghaznavid defeat, thus rendering this region subject to the Seljuk Turks. Earlier, Abu Muslim, a dynast who ruled from Merv in this region, was a major force in the coalition that established the Abbasid Caliphate, but the second ruler of that family, Abu Jafar Al-Mansur, betrayed Abu Muslim and so established direct control over this region. This region's golden age came under the Timurids, who ruled from Herat until being overrun by Uzbek clans, which in turn lost this region to the founding Safavid Ismail Shah. For 10 points, name this region of contemporary northeastern Iran, western Afghanistan, and Turkmenistan, a late Zoroastrian stronghold and artistic and trading center in the 15th century. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 ACF Nationals // rd: 2011-ACFNationals-ChicagoAFinal.doc | |
| tossup 381 went dead. -- 23:3, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A servant in this novel is only permitted to communicate with his master through sign language. A former convict in this novel has a fleur-de-lis branded on her left shoulder. A scandal nearly breaks out in this novel after Queen Anne of Austria gives her diamond necklace to her lover. The antagonist of this novel convinces John Felton to free her and assassinate the Duke of(*) Buckingham. In this novel, Milady de Winter is executed by D’Artagnan. For 10 points, name this Alexandre Dumas novel about the title trio consisting of Athos, Porthos, and Aramis. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 WHAQ I // rd: 07 | |
| tossup 382 went dead. -- 23:3, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A character in this work is told "silflay hraka u embleer rah" [sill-fly hraa-kaa oo ehm-"blare" raakh], after being attacked by Kehaar. That character led Efrafa and faces down an ex-Owsla officer during an attack on the title location. In this novel, (*) Blackberry pioneers the use of buoyant wood to cross water after escaping the destruction of Sandleford Warren prophesied by Fiver. For 10 points, name this novel by Richard Adams, about the epic journey of some rabbits. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 SCOP Novice // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 383 went dead. -- 23:3, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One of these delivered in London blamed missionaries for creating the titular problem and distanced the speaker from Kipling's line "and check the flow of pride" in "White Man's Burden." Another of these orations opened by referencing Demosthenes' "Oration on the Crown" before describing "the greatest patron learning has ever had;" that example ended with an ominous suggestion that the audience must choose "between God and Baal." David Kawanakoa was invited to hear one of them denouncing the colonization of the Philippines, "The Paralyzing Influence of Imperialism," that was delivered in (*) Kansas City in 1900 shortly before the speaker was joined by Adlai E. Stevenson. The most famous of these orations describes "idle holders of idle capital" and declares that "we need an Andrew Jackson." That work ends with the statement that "you will not crucify mankind" on the title object, and famously championed of bimetallism. For 10 points, name these orations by a three-time Democratic Presidential candidate that include the famed "Cross of Gold." | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 BARGE // rd: Ohio State A | |
| tossup 384 went dead. -- 23:3, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A monoid with the cancellation property and this property can be embedded into a group via theGrothendieck construction. If two linear transformations are diagonalizable and have this property,then they share an eigenspace. Every finite division ring has this property, and a ring without thisproperty may have unequal left and right (*) ideals. Every simple group with this property has primeorder, and the smallest group without this property is the symmetric group S3. Every subgroup is normal forgroups with this property, which are known as abelian. For 10 points, identify this property that requires Aplus B equal B plus A for addition. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 PADAWAN // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 385 went dead. -- 23:4, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Organisms with this property uniquely express a di-glucosamine conjugated to six fatty acids and two phosphate groups, a compound called lipid A. Old phylogenetic trees defined Gracilicutes as organisms with this property and Firmicutes as organisms without it. Safranin is used to colorize organisms with this trait. Organisms with this property express lipopolysaccharide in the outer (*) membrane, which surrounds the periplasm. Aminoglycosides were developed to target these organisms since they are generally unaffected by beta-lactams. This trait corresponds to having a thin layer of peptidoglycan in the cell wall, so they won't retain iodine and crystal violet. For 10 points, name this property possessed by E. coli and other bacteria that don't turn purple after a certain stain. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 PACE NSC // rd: TB 2 | |
| tossup 386 went dead. -- 23:4, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This type of reaction occurs through the formation of an encounter complex which determines the pre-equilibrium rate for the total rate of this type of reaction. The Eigen-Wilkins mechanism describes an associative reaction of this type involving an ML6 complex. Aromatic compounds undergoing this type of reaction may form an intermediate Meisenheimer complex. A named reaction of this type adds an alkyl group from an alkyl halide aromatic compounds using a lewis acid. The Friedel Crafts reaction falls under this general class of reactions. One variant of this type of reaction is classified as first order if the leaving group is the rate-limiting step; that variant is second order if nucleophilic attack concerted. For 10 points, name this general class of reactions that EAS, SN1 and SN2 fall under where one group is replaced with another. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 NASAT // rd: 01 | |
| tossup 387 went dead. -- 23:4, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This pathogens' tropism is determined by the Trofile assay, and the four stem-loop structure of this pathogen's genome is called the psi packaging element. Lamivudine and nevirapine are used to treat infections by this pathogen. This pathogen's spike proteins are made up of gp120 and gp41. Like many lentiviruses, this virus has a protein coat made of p24. This virus enters host cells via (*) CCR5 and CD4. Zidovudine mitigates the spread of this virus by inhibiting its reverse transcriptase, and is also called AZT. This virus infects Helper T cells of the immune system. For 10 points, name this retrovirus that causes AIDS. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 MUT // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 388 went dead. -- 23:4, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One character in a play by this author reports being told to ‘piss off’ by a monk in Luton because he asked for a pair of shoes. This playwright’s authorised biographer Michael Billington argued that Sidcup acts as a ‘Kentish Eldorado’ in their works. In another play by this author, a woman refuses to ‘go the whole hog’ in a sexual encounter with Joey. A play by this author begins with Aston inviting the homeless Davies into his flat and later offering him the title job, while in another, a speaking tube delivers instructions to the hitmen Ben and Gus, who receive food through the title device. For 10 points, name this playwright who portrayed Ruth’s Homecoming and wrote The Caretaker, whose ‘comedies of menace’ also include The Dumb Waiter. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2020 Oxford Online // rd: 10 | |
| tossup 389 went dead. -- 23:4, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Some conspiracy theorists hold that a recent scandal marring this company was actually a ploy by Baba Ramdev to win market share for his locally-made "MSG-free" Atta alternative. This company's use of palm oil from rainforest plantations inspired a Greenpeace ad where one of its products is opened to reveal the finger of an orangutan. This company had to pull its popular Maggi noodles off of (*) Indian shelves after government tests showed they contained unacceptable amounts of lead. This company's founder got his start providing condensed milk for a neighbor in Vevey, and it's now the most valuable company in Europe. In the 70s, War on Want led a boycott of this company for "killing babies" by encouraging mothers to use infant formula. This company's ubiquitous line of instant coffee is sold in the US as Taster's Choice. For 10 points, name this chocolate company which manufactures Crunch bars. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 A Culture of Improvement // rd: 6 | |
| tossup 390 went dead. -- 23:4, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A character in this novel who is obsessed with capturing the "ignobly decent" fights his way through a house fire to retrieve the manuscript of his novel Mr Bailey, Grocer. Another character in this novel maintains a long-running grudge against Clement Fadge, who gives the protagonist his first break at The Current. Harold Biffen commits suicide in this novel after an encounter in which Mr. Whelpdale reveals his engagement to Dora, the protagonist's sister. That protagonist breaks his engagement with Marian Yule after her father Alfred goes blind, leaving her poor; later, the protagonist marries Amy, the widow of his artistically-uncompromising foil Edwin Reardon. For 10 points, name this novel about the literary journalist Jasper Milvain set in the19th-century home of hack writers in London, the most famous novel by George Gissing. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2016 ACF Nationals // rd: Columbia A and Columbia B | |
| tossup 391 went dead. -- 23:4, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: A paper by Wald claims that this quantity is the Noether charge associated with diffeomorphism invariance. One formula for this quantity has a term proportional to the natural logarithm of volume times mass and internal energy both raised to the three halves power. The fluctuation theorem governs this quantity's dynamics when at non-equilibrium conditions, and it's proportional to the area of the event horizon for black holes. The differential of internal energy equals P dV plus mu dN plus temperature times the differential of this quantity. This quantity is zero for a perfect crystal at absolute zero according to the third law of thermodynamics and it doesn't change in a reversible process. For 10 points, name this quantity which always increases according to the second law of thermodynamics. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 DEES // rd: Toronto-Waterloo-McMaster A | |
| tossup 392 went dead. -- 23:4, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One statement describing this process utilizes a constant with dimensions of length squared over time, and that law sets the time derivative of concentration proportional to the second derivative of concentration with respect to position. A third law describing it states that the rate at which this process occurs is inversely proportional to the square root of the molar mass, and an example of this process governed by Fick's and Graham's laws is the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane. Osmosis is a type of, For 10 points, what process in which particles move from regions of high concentration to those of low concentration? | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2012 Maggie Walker GSAC // rd: 2 | |
| tossup 393 went dead. -- 23:4, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Baker and Barfield recently discovered a new group of these organisms in the Iron Mountain Mine, a group they've dubbed ARMAN. One class of these organisms has a chloride channel that opens in response to light; that gene NpHR, is a component of "off" signals in optogenetics. Besides coding for a series of namesake rhodopsins and halorhodopisin, their cell walls consist of beta-1,3-linkages containing N-acetyltalosaminuronic acid and N-acetylglucosamine. One subgroup of them uses coenzyme M and methanofuran. Their membranes have unusual double-headed, highly branched lipids, which contain ether linkages. They were originally delineated in a phylogenetic study of ribosomal RNA by Carl Woese. Including methanogens, halophiles, and thermophiles, for 10 points, name this domain apart from bacteria and eukaryotes, which live in extreme environments. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Penn Bowl // rd: Finals 2 | |
| tossup 394 went dead. -- 23:4, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This author created a world containing emanations such as Enitharmon and Vala which was divided into parts like Tharmas and Urizen after the division of Albion. One of this author's poems asks if the title location "was builded here / Among these ($) dark Satanic Mills" and begins by asking "Did those feet in ancient times / Walk upon England's mountains green?" Another of this author's poems mentions how "thy life" is destroyed by "the dark secret love" of a (*) "invisible worm, / That flies in the night / In the howling storm." For ten points, identify this poet of "Jerusalem" and "The Sick Rose," whose Songs of Experience include "The Tyger." | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Schindler's Lit // rd: Tiebreakers | |
| tossup 395 went dead. -- 23:4, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: One principle associated with this amendment was upheld nationally in Weeks v. United States. This amendment was held not to apply formally to students in New Jersey v. TLO, and a guideline on "reasonable suspicion" was added in Terry v. Ohio. This amendment is described in the "fruit of the poisonous tree" metaphor, an extension of this amendment's exclusionary rule. This amendment was the subject of Mapp v. Ohio, and states that evidence acquired illegally is inadmissible. The constitutional right this amendment provides is limited if there is "probable cause." For 10 points, name this Bill of Rights Amendment which protects against illegal searches and seizures. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Brookwood Invitational Scholars Bowl // rd: 3 | |
| tossup 396 went dead. -- 23:4, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This book's first chapter praises the innovations of J.H. Lambert and William Playfair, and in an analysis of "Puzzles and Hierarchy," this book quotes Paul Valery to say that "Seeing is forgetting the name of the thing one sees." This work cites Robert Venturi's Complexity and Contradiction in Architecture to argue for the use of multifunctional elements, and this book points out that Chernoff faces can be used to depict "strangers," or points inconsistent with others in the neighborhood. This work's second chapter, on integrity, defines a "lie factor" as the ratio of the size of effect shown to the size of the effect computed, and this book famously extolls Charles Joseph Minard's time-series depiction of the size of Napoleon's army during the Russian campaign as possibly "the best statistical graphic ever drawn." Famously disdainful of "chartjunk," for 10 points, identify this seminal work on how to create charts and graphs, the most famous book of Edward Tufte. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2013 Arrabal // rd: 8 | |
| tossup 397 went dead. -- 23:4, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Japan's spacecraft Akatsuki was intended to study this astronomical object, which is home to pancake domes caused by volcanoes. This object is responsible for a dim glow known as the ashen light. Cassini discovered this planet's spurious moon Neith, and the spacecrafts Vega 1 and 2 studied it. This planet's continent-like feature of Ishtar Terra is home to the Maxwell Montes [MON-teez], which contains its highest point. This planet is home to clouds of sulfuric acid, and it is sometimes known as the morning star or evening star. This moon-less planet's high temperature is due to the greenhouse effect. For 10 points, name this second planet from the Sun. | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2011 Delta Burke // rd: 1 | |
| tossup 398 went dead. -- 23:5, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: . In one scene in this novel, a prison warder sadistically whips an insane prisoner who keeps asking "How, how, how are you?". One character in this novel is captured when another character, who agreed to meet him at The Black Cat club to warn him, gets absorbed in a game of roulette and fails to show up. This novel opens with a character preparing to stab a sleeping man through a mosquito net. That murderer's attempt to bomb the car of a political figure is accidentally thwarted by an antique dealer. In this novel, Baron (*) Clappique smuggles arms for the rebels, who resist a consortium led by Ferral, and whose own leaders include Hemmelrich and Katov. Chen Ta Erh tries to assassinate Chiang Kai-shek, while Kyo Gisors leads the Communist revolt in, for 10 points, what French novel fictionalizing the lead-up to the Chinese Civil War, by André Malraux?  | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2014 Gorilla Lit // rd: 7 | |
| tossup 399 went dead. -- 23:5, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: This mathematician wrote a treatise about a puzzle similar to tangrams whose name means “battle of the bones.” This man’s namesake property holds for the reals, as for any two real numbers x and y, there exists an integer n such that n times x is greater than y. This mathematician used a number system of “myriads” to calculate the amount of sand grains that could fit in the universe in “The Sand Reckoner.” This man approximated pi by inscribing a circle inside polygons of increasing number of sides, a technique known as the “method of exhaustion.” For 10 points, name this Greek mathematician from Syracuse who upon discovering his namesake principle shouted “Eureka!” | |
| -- Answer: Leonhard Euler (OY-lur) | |
| -- INFO: 2019 ACF Fall // rd: Florida_A,_Georgia_Tech_B,_Lawrence_A,_NYU_B | |
| tossup 400 went dead. -- 23:5, Sun Nov 15 2020 | |
| -- Text: Three nicotine molecules or three picolinic acid molecules are coordinated to this element in a series of compounds that enhance glucose tolerance. The first Fischer carbene was a complex containing this element bonded to four carbonyl groups, and that complex participates in the Dotz reaction. Six equivalents of a reagent in which this element is bonded to chloride are used in the Takai olefination. It’s not sulfur or oxygen, but reagents containing this element often have one of its (*) “esters” as an intermediate. A gentler alternative to one reagent containing this metal was developed by Corey and Suggs and cons |