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Terms in this set (18)
Race (Omi & Winant)
conception, representation, or signification of identity referring to different types of human bodies; includes perceived corporeal and phenotypic markers of difference and meaning and social practices ascribed to differences
Characteristics of Race
1. strategic
2. does ideological and political work
3. has played unique role information and historical development of U.S
2. does ideological and political work
3. has played unique role information and historical development of U.S
Race making/Racialization
extension of racial meaning to previously racially unclassified relationship, social practice or group
Assimilating "New Immigrants" from Europe
1. similarity in language used in debate over new and contemporary immigrants
2. fear of immigrants from S&E europe
3. Race suicide drew lines b/w asia, whites, and areas b/w european groups
4. all european immigrants NOT simply white
2. fear of immigrants from S&E europe
3. Race suicide drew lines b/w asia, whites, and areas b/w european groups
4. all european immigrants NOT simply white
Characteristics of 19th Century Immigration
1820-1860: 5 million immigrants arrive in U.S
Irish Immigration rates
1830's: 44% of all immigrants
1840's: 50%
7% of all population by end of civil war
1840's: 50%
7% of all population by end of civil war
Peaks of Immigration by Race
German and Irish: 1840
North&West Europe: Pre 1880
Southern&Eastern Europe: 1880-1920
North&West Europe: Pre 1880
Southern&Eastern Europe: 1880-1920
Caucasian-Ness
1. New Immigrants from S&E were "inbetween" peoples
2. existed b/w nonwhiteness and full inclusion as whites
2. existed b/w nonwhiteness and full inclusion as whites
Chinese Exclusion Act (1882)
restricts all chinese laborers, bars chinese naturalization
Immigration Act of 1882
immigration regulation made a federal responsibility; barred individuals likely to become public charges
1924 Johnson-Reed Act
1. limited easter hemisphere immigration; 154k/yr
2. 1890 census used to determine quotas
3. created visas; screening occurred by consuls abroad
4. created border patrol
5. no limit to western hemisphere immigration
2. 1890 census used to determine quotas
3. created visas; screening occurred by consuls abroad
4. created border patrol
5. no limit to western hemisphere immigration
Quotas established under Johnson-reed Act
83% N&W europe
15% S&E europe
2% rest of world
created Asiatic Barred Zone; ineligible for citizenship
15% S&E europe
2% rest of world
created Asiatic Barred Zone; ineligible for citizenship
How did "New European Immigrants" achieved Full Whiteness Inclusion
1. varied; not in linear steps
2. WWI and WWII
3. 1924l end of immigration
4. coercion and americanization
5. social policies from U.S gov't
6. distanced themselves from Blacks
2. WWI and WWII
3. 1924l end of immigration
4. coercion and americanization
5. social policies from U.S gov't
6. distanced themselves from Blacks
Symbolic Ethnicity
nostalgic allegiance to culture of immigrant generation or that of country; love for price in tradition that is felt without having to be incorporated into daily behavior
1. must be visible and clear to 3rd gen ethnics
2. must be easily expressed without interference in other aspects of life
1. must be visible and clear to 3rd gen ethnics
2. must be easily expressed without interference in other aspects of life
1965 Law: Hart-Cellar Act
1. replaced quotas with uniform limit per country
2. passed alongside civil rights legislation
Principles: family reunification, employment, refugees
2. passed alongside civil rights legislation
Principles: family reunification, employment, refugees