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Habsburg Monarchy

Index Habsburg Monarchy

The Habsburg Monarchy (Habsburgermonarchie) or Empire is an unofficial appellation among historians for the countries and provinces that were ruled by the junior Austrian branch of the House of Habsburg between 1521 and 1780 and then by the successor branch of Habsburg-Lorraine until 1918. [1]

3519 relations: A.E.I.O.U., A6 (Croatia), Aaron the Tyrant, , Abaza Siyavuş Pasha II, Abstentionism, Act of Guarantee, Act on the Institute of National Remembrance, Ada Kaleh, Ada Međica, Adam Bajalics von Bajahaza, Adam František Kollár, Adam Jerzy Czartoryski, Adam Zrinski, Adam, Count of Schwarzenberg, Adamów, Łuków County, Administrative divisions of Romania, Administrative divisions of Yugoslavia, Adolf Herz, Adolf Hitler, Adolf Lang, Adoption of the Gregorian calendar, Adriatic Sea, Ahdname of Milodraž, Ahmed I, Ahmed III, Ailing Dojčin, Akademisches Gymnasium Innsbruck, Akiva Eger, Alajos Degré, Alajos Hauszmann, Alan Sked, Albanian Pashaliks, Albanians of Romania, Albé, Albert Conti, Albert Gyulay, Albert I of Belgium, Albert Pessler, Albert Popper, Albertinian Line, Albrecht von Wallenstein, Albrechtice (Karviná District), Aleksandrowice, Bielsko-Biała, Aleksej Jelačić, Aleksinac, Alessandro Verri, Alexander Colyn, Alexander Kircher, Alexander Mavrocordatos, ..., Alexander Mourouzis, Alexander Strausz, Alexander Ypsilantis, Alexander Ypsilantis (1725–1805), Alexandra Francis Rzewuska, Alexandre-Pierre de Mackensie-Douglas, baron de Kildin, Alexandru Bogdan-Pitești, Alexandru Dobra, Alexei Petrovich, Tsarevich of Russia, Alexis of Russia, Alfred Redl, Alfred von Domaszewski, Allgemeine Bauzeitung, Alois von Gavasini, Alps, Alsace, Alsdorf, Altmann & Kühne, Altrei, Alvise Contarini, Alvise Contarini (diplomat), Amédée Emmanuel François Laharpe, Amédée Willot, Amcazade Köprülü Hüseyin Pasha, András Gáspár (general), András Hadik, André Joseph Boussart, Andrea Gioannetti, Andrea Pozzo, Andreas Balzar, Andreas Hofer, Andreas Karaczay, Andreas O'Reilly von Ballinlough, Andreas Perlach, Andrei Șaguna, Andrei Mocioni, Andrei Mureșanu, Andrei Rosenberg, Andrej Sládkovič, Andrey Matveyev, Andrija Ljudevit Adamić, Andriy Bachynskyi, Andronikos Kantakouzenos (1553–1601), Angelus Silesius, Anglo-Austrian Alliance, Anna Maria Franziska of Saxe-Lauenburg, Anna Maria of Liechtenstein, Anna Maria von Eggenberg, née Brandenburg-Bayreuth, Anschluss, Antal Kagerbauer, Ante Starčević, Anthimos Gazis, Anthimus II of Constantinople, Anthony Janszoon van Salee, Anthony Petrushevych, Anti-Croat sentiment, Anti-Romanyism, Anti-Serbian sentiment, Antin Anhelovych, Antoine Barnave, Antoine Morlot, Antoinette Saint-Huberty, Anton Csorich, Anton Edler von Gapp, Anton Egon, Prince of Fürstenberg-Heiligenberg, Anton Ferdinand Mittrowsky, Anton Günther, Anton Lipthay de Kisfalud, Anton Martin Slomšek, Anton Schübirz von Chobinin, Anton Sztáray, Anton Tomaž Linhart, Anton von Elsnitz, Anton von Zach, Antonije Znorić, Antonio de Benavides, Antonio Ricardos, Antonio Salieri, Antoniotto Botta Adorno, Antun Dalmatin, Antun Vramec, Apatin, Apothecaries' system, Apple strudel, April 19, April 1937, April 1938, Arabacı Ali Pasha, Arad, Romania, Archbishopric of Belgrade and Karlovci, Archbishopric of Salzburg, Archdiocese of Arad, Archdiocese of Râmnic, Archduchess Anna of Austria, Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria (1738–1789), Archduchy of Austria, Archduke, Archduke Alexander Leopold of Austria, Archduke Anton Victor of Austria, Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, Archduke Leo Karl of Austria, Archduke Rainer of Austria (1895–1930), Ardud, Areas annexed by Nazi Germany, Armand Gensonné, Armand Louis de Gontaut, Armand von Nordmann, Armenians of Romania, Army of Condé, Army of Sambre and Meuse, Army of the Czech Republic, Army of the Danube, Army of the North (France), Army of the Rhine and Moselle, Arnold Paole, Aron Pumnul, Arriach, Arsenije III Čarnojević, Arsenije IV Jovanović Šakabenta, Arsenije Sečujac, Artaria, Arthur Arz von Straußenburg, Arthur Chichester, 1st Baron Chichester, Ascona, Atanasie Rednic, Atanasije I, Atanasije II Gavrilović, Atanasije Stojković, Attems, Auerbach (Jewish family), August 1, August 17, August 3, August Šenoa, August Neidhardt von Gneisenau, August Witkowski, Austria, Austria (disambiguation), Austria in the time of National Socialism, Austria-Hungary, Austria–Croatia relations, Austria–Czech Republic relations, Austria–Poland relations, Austria–Prussia rivalry, Austria–Serbia relations, Austrian, Austrian Circle, Austrian colonial policy, Austrian colonization of Nicobar Islands, Austrian Democratic Union, Austrian East India Company, Austrian Empire, Austrian German, Austrian heraldry, Austrian literature, Austrian Littoral, Austrian Netherlands, Austrian nobility, Austrian occupation of Spiš and Podhale, Austrian Partition, Austrian Riviera, Austrian Silesia, Austrian–Hungarian War (1477–88), Austrians, Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867, Austro-Hungarian gulden, Austro-Slavism, Austro-Turkish War (1663–64), Austro-Turkish War (1716–1718), Austro-Turkish War (1788–1791), Autonomist Association, Avraam Benaroya, Avram Miletić, Avram Mrazović, Ádám Récsey, Ányos Jedlik, Étienne François, duc de Choiseul, Étienne Marie Antoine Champion de Nansouty, Úpice, Ústí nad Labem, Čačak, Čabraď Castle, Čedomilj Mijatović, Česká Lípa, České Budějovice, Český Brod, Čoka, Črnomelj, Čurug, Đorđe Branković (count), Đurđevac, Ļaudona, Łańcut, Łagów, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, Łaziska Górne, Łazy, Łazy, Bielsko County, Łączka, Silesian Voivodeship, Łąka, Silesian Voivodeship, Łęczna, Łęki, Oświęcim County, Łukasz Baraniecki, Łukasz Gołębiowski, Łuków County, Řeka, Řepiště, Ścinawa, Środa Śląska, Świętoszówka, Świdnica, Świdnik, Świebodzin, Şehzade Mahmud (son of Mehmed III), Šabac, Šajkaši, Šajkaška, Šćepan Mali, Šempeter pri Gorici, Šenov, Šibenik, Šid, Šluknov, Špindlerův Mlýn, Šternberk, Šumbark, Żarnowiec, Silesian Voivodeship, Żywiec, Žabalj, Žermanice, Židlochovice, Žitište, Životice (Havířov), Žužemberk, Županja, Bač Fortress, Bač, Serbia, Bačka, Bačka Palanka, Bačko Gradište, Baška (Frýdek-Místek District), Bażanowice, Babelsberg, Babice, Oświęcim County, Bad Bleiberg, Bad Kreuznach, Bad Sankt Leonhard im Lavanttal, Bait and bleed, Baja, Hungary, Bajo Pivljanin, Bajrakli Mosque, Belgrade, Balilla, Balog de Manko Bük, Ban (title), Ban of Croatia, Banat, Banat Bulgarians, Banat Military Frontier, Banat of Temeswar, Banat Republic, Banatska Topola, Banatski Brestovac, Banatsko Novo Selo, Bankipur (Bengal), Baranya (region), Baranya County (former), Barthélemy Catherine Joubert, Barthélemy Louis Joseph Schérer, Bartholomeus Strobel, Bartovice, Bassano 1796 Campaign Order of Battle, Battle of Aldenhoven (1793), Battle of Aldenhoven (1794), Battle of Altenkirchen, Battle of Amberg, Battle of Ampfing (1800), Battle of Amsteg, Battle of Amstetten, Battle of Arcole, Battle of Arlon (1793), Battle of Banja Luka, Battle of Bassano, Battle of Biberach (1796), Battle of Biberach (1800), Battle of Biskupice, Battle of Bitonto, Battle of Blenheim, Battle of Borghetto, Battle of Brașov, Battle of Breslau (1757), Battle of Brest (1592), Battle of Burkersdorf, Battle of Caesar's Camp, Battle of Caldiero (1796), Battle of Caldiero (1805), Battle of Calliano, Battle of Campo Santo, Battle of Cassano (1705), Battle of Cassano (1799), Battle of Castiglione, Battle of Cecora (1620), Battle of Cenei, Battle of Chotusitz, Battle of Clausen, Battle of Courtrai (1794), Battle of Culloden, Battle of Denain, Battle of Dettingen, Battle of Diersheim (1797), Battle of Domstadtl, Battle of Emmendingen, Battle of Engen, Battle of Epierre, Battle of Erbach, Battle of Erquelinnes, Battle of Ettlingen, Battle of Feldkirch, Battle of Fleurus (1794), Battle of Focșani, Battle of Fombio, Battle of Freiberg, Battle of Friedberg (Bavaria), Battle of Froeschwiller (1793), Battle of Günzburg, Battle of Genola, Battle of Giurgiu, Battle of Gosselies, Battle of Grandreng, Battle of Grocka, Battle of Guastalla, Battle of Guruslău, Battle of Haguenau (1793), Battle of Handschuhsheim, Battle of Hastenbeck, Battle of Höchst (1795), Battle of Höchstädt (1800), Battle of Hochkirch, Battle of Hohenfriedberg, Battle of Hohenlinden, Battle of Hoyerswerda, Battle of Jemappes, Battle of Kaiserslautern (1794), Battle of Karánsebes, Battle of Köbölkút, Battle of Kehl (1796), Battle of Keresztes, Battle of Kesselsdorf, Battle of Kircheib, Battle of Klis (1596), Battle of Kolín, Battle of Koroncó, Battle of Kunersdorf, Battle of Lambusart, Battle of Landeshut (1760), Battle of Lauffeld, Battle of Le Cateau (1794), Battle of Leobersdorf, Battle of Leuthen, Battle of Limburg (1796), Battle of Linth River, Battle of Lobositz, Battle of Lodi, Battle of Lonato, Battle of Magnano, Battle of Mainz, Battle of Malplaquet, Battle of Mannheim (1799), Battle of Marengo, Battle of Maudach, Battle of Maxen, Battle of Meissen, Battle of Messkirch, Battle of Millesimo, Battle of Mirăslău, Battle of Modena (1799), Battle of Mohács, Battle of Mohács (1687), Battle of Mollwitz, Battle of Mondovì, Battle of Montebello (1800), Battle of Montenotte, Battle of Mouscron, Battle of Moys, Battle of Nagysalló, Battle of Neerwinden (1793), Battle of Neresheim, Battle of Neuburg (1800), Battle of Neuwied (1797), Battle of Novi (1799), Battle of Oberwald, Battle of Oldendorf, Battle of Ostrach, Battle of Pákozd, Battle of Párkány, Battle of Peterswalde, Battle of Petrovaradin, Battle of Pfeddersheim (1795), Battle of Piacenza, Battle of Pozzolo, Battle of Prague (1648), Battle of Prague (1757), Battle of Radzymin (1809), Battle of Raismes (1793), Battle of Rastatt (1796), Battle of Reichenberg, Battle of Rivoli, Battle of Rocoux, Battle of Rossbach, Battle of Rovereto, Battle of Rymnik, Battle of Saint Gotthard (1664), Battle of Saint Gotthard (1705), Battle of San Pietro, Battle of Saorgio, Battle of Saorgio (1793), Battle of Sassello, Battle of Schellenberg, Battle of Schleiz, Battle of Schliengen, Battle of Schwechat, Battle of Schwyz, Battle of Sisak, Battle of Slunj, Battle of Smolenice, Battle of Soor, Battle of Sorel, Battle of Sprimont, Battle of Stockach (1799), Battle of Stockach (1800), Battle of Szina, Battle of Tagliamento, Battle of Tarcal, Battle of Tarvis (1797), Battle of the Vosges, Battle of Torgau, Battle of Toulon (1744), Battle of Tourcoing, Battle of Tournay (1792), Battle of Trebbia (1799), Battle of Turnhout (1789), Battle of Ulaş, Battle of Valmy, Battle of Valvasone (1797), Battle of Verona (1799), Battle of Vienna, Battle of Villaviciosa, Battle of Voltri, Battle of Wattignies, Battle of Würzburg, Battle of Wetzlar (1796), Battle of Winterthur, Battle of Zenta, Battle of Zorndorf, Battle of Zsibó, Battle of Zusmarshausen, Battle of Zvolen (1703), Battles of the Seven Years' War, Battonya, Bavarian uprising of 1705–06, Bács-Bodrog County, Bärweiler, Béla Gerster, Béla von Kehrling, Bündner Wirren, Büren an der Aare, Băile Herculane, Bąków, Silesian Voivodeship, Błażowa, Bładnice, Březí (Břeclav District), Bečej, Beška, Bežanija, Bežigrad Grammar School, Becherbach bei Kirn, Bedřich Smetana, Begaljica, Bela Crkva, Banat, Belarus, Belgium in the long nineteenth century, Belgium in World War I, Belgrade, Beli Manastir, Belz, Belz Voivodeship, Benedetto Erba Odescalchi, Benedikt Kuripečič, Benedikt Schack, Benedikt Vinković, Bengal Subah, Benjamin Wolf Löw, Benkovac, Benno Straucher, Beočin, Berezhany, Bernardo Bobić, Bernau Castle, Bernhard Adler, Bestwina, Bezdan, Biała (Vistula), Biagio Bernardo Caboga, Bibrka, Biebelsheim, Biecz County, Bielany, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, Bielowicko, Bielsko-Biała, Bienwald, Bieruń, Biharia, Biliavyntsi, Billrothhaus, Biserica Neagră, Bitburg-Prüm, Bjelovar, Bjelovar-Križevci County, Black, Black Legend, Blessed Bronisława Chapel, Blockade of Porto Bello, Bobrek, Cieszyn, Bobrowniki, Lublin Voivodeship, Bocanovice, Boguchwała, Boguszowice Stare, Bohemia, Bohorodchany, Bohumín, Bojszowy, Bolesław Masłowski, Borek Strzeliński, Borovička, Borshchiv, Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County, Borynia, Jastrzębie-Zdrój, Bosanska Krajina, Boskovice, Bosniaks, Bosniaks of Montenegro, Bosniaks of Serbia, Bozoklu Mustafa Pasha, Brač, Brabant Revolution, Bran, Brașov, Branković family (Military Frontier), Bratislava, Brenna, Poland, Brera Astronomical Observatory, Brody, Bronów, Silesian Voivodeship, Broszkowice, Broumov, Brovari, Brukenthal National Museum, Brunswick Manifesto, Bruntál, Brussels, Bruzovice, Bryndza, Brzeźce, Brzeg, Brzeszcze, Brzezówka, Silesian Voivodeship, Brzezie, Racibórz, Brzezinka, Brzozów, Buchach, Bucharest, Budapest, Budišov nad Budišovkou, Budva, Budweiser Budvar Brewery, Bujaków, Bielsko County, Bukovina, Bukovina Germans, Bukowina, Nisko County, Bulgaria, Bulgarian Greek Catholic Church, Bulgarian Millet, Bulowice, Bunić, Croatia, Bunzl, Burgenland, Burkhard Christoph von Münnich, Busk Land, Busk, Ukraine, Butaul, Bystřice (Frýdek-Místek District), Bystra, Bielsko County, Bystrzyca Kłodzka, Bytom, Bzie, Cadastral community, Café Central, Cambrai, Camillo Caetani, Campaigns of 1796 in the French Revolutionary Wars, Campaigns of 1800 in the French Revolutionary Wars, Capital punishment in Germany, Capital punishment in Slovakia, Capital punishment in the Czech Republic, Capitulations of the Ottoman Empire, Cappuccino, Capriva del Friuli, Capture of Belgrade (1739), Capture of Porrentruy, Caraș-Severin County, Carl Borivoj Presl, Carl Ferdinand Cori, Carl Franz Anton Ritter von Schreibers, Carl Heinrich Edmund von Berg, Carl Ritter von Ghega, Carmelite Church, Przemyśl, Carnival, Carpathian Ruthenia, Cartography of Ukraine, Casasola, Italy, Castello di Milazzo, Castiglione 1796 Campaign Order of Battle, Cathedral of Hajdúdorog, Cathedral of Saint Demetrius, Craiova, Catherine of Nassau-Dillenburg, Catherine the Great, Catholic Church in Romania, Catholic Slavs, Catholicisation, Causes of the Polish–Soviet War, Cave del Predil, Câmpulung Moldovenesc, Celali rebellions, Central Europe, Central European Defence Cooperation, Central Powers, Central Serbia, Cetin Castle, Cetingrad, Chancellor of Austria, Chancellor of Germany, Charge (heraldry), Charles Alexandre de Calonne, Charles Eugène de Croÿ, Charles François Dumouriez, Charles Hofmann, Charles III of Spain, Charles Ingrao, Charles Louis Huguet, marquis de Sémonville, Charles of Austria, Bishop of Wroclaw, Charles University, Charles V, Duke of Lorraine, Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, Charles VII, Holy Roman Emperor, Charles VIII of France, Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, Charles-Alexandre de Hénin-Liétard d'Alsace, Charles-Joseph, 7th Prince of Ligne, Château Royal de Collioure, Chřibská, Chełm Land, Chełmek, Chernivtsi, Chernivtsi Oblast, Chervonohrad, Chevalier d'Éon, Chief Justice of Hungary, Chiprovtsi uprising, Chiusaforte, Chmielnik, Chorzów Batory, Chotěbuz, Chrastava, Christianity in the 16th century, Christianity in the 17th century, Christoph Schönborn, Chropaczów, Chrudim, Chrzanów, Church of the Holy Virgin, Zemun, Chybie, Cieszanów, Cincar-Janko, Cincar-Marko, Circle troops, Cisalpine Republic, Cisleithanian legislative election, 1848, Cisownica, Cisrhenian Republic, Ciutadella de Roses, Civilization V, Civilization V: Gods & Kings, Clam-Gallas Palace, Clam-Martinic, Clan Hannay, Clara Katharina Pollaczek, Classical Age of the Ottoman Empire, Clement Mary Hofbauer, Clisura Dunării, Cloudesley Shovell, Cluj-Napoca, Coalition forces of the Napoleonic Wars, Coat of arms of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, Coat of arms of Hungary, Coat of arms of Moravia, Coat of arms of Prague, Coat of arms of Triballia, Colonial empire, Colonialism, Column of the Goddess, Compendium ferculorum, albo Zebranie potraw, Concerning the Jews, Confederation, Conservative Party (Hungary), Constantin Brâncoveanu, Constantin Cantemir, Constantine Mavrocordatos, Constitution of 3 May 1791, Constitution of Belarus, Constitution of Croatia, Constitution of Lithuania, Coronation Cathedral, Alba Iulia, Coronini, Corpus separatum (Fiume), Cortina d'Ampezzo, Corvée, Cossacks, Count István Széchenyi (Friedrich von Amerling), Count Karl Ludwig von Ficquelmont, Count of the Székelys, Countess Ferdinande Henriette of Stolberg-Gedern, Counties of Croatia, County of Gorizia, County of Kladsko, County of Tyrol, Coup of 18 Brumaire, Craiova, Craiovești, Cretan War (1645–1669), Crișana, Croat Muslims, Croatia, Croatia in union with Hungary, Croatia proper, Croatia–Serbia border dispute, Croatia–Serbia relations, Croatia–Slovenia border disputes, Croatian Australians, Croatian Confraternity Bokelj Navy 809., Croatian Littoral, Croatian Military Frontier, Croatian National Theatre Ivan pl. Zajc in Rijeka, Croatian wine, Croatian–Hungarian Settlement, Croatian–Ottoman wars, Croatian–Slovene Peasant Revolt, Croats (military unit), Croats of Slovenia, Cronenberg, Rhineland-Palatinate, Crossbow (TV series), Crown land, Crvenka, Crypto-protestantism, Csongrád County (former), Cugir, Cultural depictions of Edward I of England, Culture of Austria, Curse of Turan, Cyprian Kinner, Cyril Lucaris, Czaniec, Czarków, Pszczyna County, Czech Americans, Czech lands, Czech Republic, Czech Silesia, Czech–Slovak languages, Czuchów, Czerwionka-Leszczyny, Czudec, D21 road (Croatia), Dačice, Dagobert Sigmund von Wurmser, Damaschin Bojincă, Damat Ali-Paša's Turbeh, Damat Ibrahim Pasha, Daniel Mécsery, Daniel Sennert, Danish Auxiliary Corps in Habsburg service 1701–1709, Dankowice, Silesian Voivodeship, Dano-Swedish War (1658–60), Danube, Danube Swabians, Danube–Tisa–Danube Canal, Danubian Principalities, Darda, Croatia, Darkov, David Gestetner, Davydivka, Dévots, Döttingen, Aargau, Dąbrowice, Opole Voivodeship, Dębica, Dębieńsko, Dębowiec, Cieszyn County, Dębowiec, Podkarpackie Voivodeship, Dětřichov nad Bystřicí, Dětmarovice, Deklaratorija (1779), Deli-Marko, Deluge (history), Demographic history of Belgrade, Demographic history of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Demographic history of Croatian Baranja, Demographic history of Vojvodina, Demographics of Austria, Demographics of Croatia, Demographics of Hungary, Demographics of Lithuania, Denmark, Denmark–Netherlands relations, Denmark–Sweden relations, Despotovo, Devín Castle, Devecser, Dictionarium quatuor linguarum, Diet of Augsburg, Diet of Hungary, Diicul Buicescul, Dimitar Stanchov, Dimitrije Davidović, Dimitrije Ovčarević, Dinu Nicodin, Dionisije Novaković, Diploma Leopoldinum, Diplomacy (game), Diplomatic Academy of Vienna, District of Potisje, District of Velika Kikinda, Dobříš, Dobczyce, Doberdò del Lago, Dobratice, Dobrá (Frýdek-Místek District), Dobrinci, Dobrodzień, Dobromyl, Doksy, Dolní Žukov, Dolní Bludovice, Dolní Datyně, Dolní Domaslavice, Dolní Líštná, Dolní Lomná, Dolní Lutyně, Dolní Marklovice, Dolní Podluží, Dolní Suchá, Dolní Tošanovice, Dolní Věstonice, Doly (Karviná), Domašov nad Bystřicí, Domažlice, Domenico Lovisato, Domitian of Carantania, Donji Lapac, Donji Petrovci, Dorćol, Doroslovo, Dorothea Christina of Aichelberg, Dositej Obradović, Doubrava (Karviná District), Drašković family, Dragoman, Dragoslavele, Drang nach Osten, Dreissiger, Drogomyśl, Drohiczyn, Dubá, Dubravka (drama), Dubrovnik, Duchcov, Duchy of Austria, Duchy of Brabant, Duchy of Brzeg, Duchy of Bukovina, Duchy of Bytom, Duchy of Carinthia, Duchy of Carniola, Duchy of Głogów, Duchy of Legnica, Duchy of Luxemburg, Duchy of Mantua, Duchy of Milan, Duchy of Modena and Reggio, Duchy of Nysa, Duchy of Oświęcim, Duchy of Silesia, Duchy of Styria, Duchy of Teschen, Duchy of Troppau, Duchy of Württemberg, Duchy of Zator, Duke Ferdinand Frederick Augustus of Württemberg, Dusack, Dutch Revolt, Dvůr Králové nad Labem, Dvorce (Bruntál District), Dynów, Dzięgielów, Dzierżoniów, Early clashes in the Rhine campaign of 1796, Early history of Switzerland, Early modern Europe, Early modern period, Early Modern Romania, East-Central Europe, Ebringen, Economic history of the Netherlands (1500–1815), Economy of the Habsburg Monarchy, Economy of the Netherlands from 1500–1700, Edict of toleration, Edirne event, Eduard Nepomuk Kozič, Eduard Taaffe, 11th Viscount Taaffe, Edward Wortley Montagu (diplomat), Egerland, Eggenberg family, Eisenstadt, Election in Cetin, Electorate of Baden, Elizabeth Báthory, Elmas Mehmed Pasha, Eltz Manor, Emanuilo Janković, Embassy of Austria, London, Emeric Thököly, Emil Vojnović, Emminger Reform, Emperor, Emperor of Austria, Empire: Total War, Engelbert II of Nassau, Entomologia Carniolica, Eparchy of Marča, Eparchy of Osječko polje and Baranja, Eparchy of Slavonia, Eparchy of Srem, Erdődy, Ernest, Duke of Austria, Ernst Gideon von Laudon, Ernst Rüdiger von Starhemberg, Espiritu Santo, Esterházy, Eugène-Guillaume Argenteau, Europe, European wars of religion, Eustahija Arsić, Eustratie Dabija, Eva Faschaunerin, Evangelical Church of Czech Brethren, Șiria, Ștefan Cantacuzino, Ștefan IX Tomșa, Faculty of Law, University of Zagreb, Fall of the Republic of Venice, Farkas Bolyai, Farkas Kovacsóczy, Féilim Ó Néill, Fürstenbund, Füssen, Febronianism, February 1937, February 9, Federal Chancellery (Austria), Feldkirch, Vorarlberg, Felice Salimbeni, Felix Ivo Leicher, Ferdinand Augustin Hallerstein, Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor, Ferdinand II of Aragon, Ferdinand Johann von Morzin, Ferdinand Konščak, Ferdinand, 5th Prince Kinsky of Wchinitz and Tettau, Ferdinánd Pálffy, Ferdo Livadić, Ferenc Deák, Ferenc Kölcsey, Ferenc Pfaff, Ferhad Pasha Sokolović, Ferlach, Fidelis of Sigmaringen, Field marshal, Filip Šimetin Šegvić, Filippo Maria Visconti (bishop), First Battle of Dego, First Battle of Komárom (1849), First Battle of Marengo (1799), First Battle of Wissembourg (1793), 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A.E.I.O.U.

"A.E.I.O.U." was a symbolic device personally used by Habsburg emperor Frederick III (1415–1493), who had a fondness for mythical formulae.

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A6 (Croatia)

The A6 motorway (Autocesta A6) is a motorway in Croatia spanning.

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Aaron the Tyrant

Aaron the Tyrant (Aron Tiranul) or Aron Vodă ("Aron the Voivode"), sometimes credited as Aron Emanoil or Emanuel Aaron (Aaron Waida, Aaron Vaivoda, Arvan or Zalim; before 1560 – May 1597), was twice the Prince of Moldavia: between September 1591 and June 1592, and October 1592 to May 3 or 4, 1595.

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Aš (Asch) is a town of Cheb District in the Karlovy Vary Region of the Czech Republic.

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Abaza Siyavuş Pasha II

Abaza Siyavuş Pasha (died 23 February 1688) was a short term grand vizier of the Ottoman Empire who held the post during one of the most chaotic periods of the empire.

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Abstentionism

Abstentionism is standing for election to a deliberative assembly while refusing to take up any seats won or otherwise participate in the assembly's business.

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Act of Guarantee

The Act of Guarantee (Dutch: Akte van Garantie) of the hereditary stadtholderate was a document from 1788, in which the seven provinces of the States General and the representative of Drenthe declared, amongst other things, that the admiralty and captain-generalship were hereditary, and together with the hereditary stadtholderate would henceforth be an integrated part of the constitution of the Dutch Republic.

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Act on the Institute of National Remembrance

The Act on the Institute of National Remembrance – Commission for the Prosecution of Crimes against the Polish Nation ("Ustawy o Instytucie Pamięci Narodowej - Komisji Ścigania Zbrodni przeciwko Narodowi Polskiemu") is a 1998 Polish law that created the Institute of National Remembrance.

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Ada Kaleh

Ada Kaleh (from Adakale meaning "Island Fortress", Újorsova or Ada Kaleh, Serbian and Bulgarian: Адакале / Adakale) was a small island on the Danube in what is modern Romania, populated mostly by Turks of Romania, that was submerged during the construction of the Iron Gates hydroelectric plant in 1970.

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Ada Međica

Ada Međica (Ада Међица) is an island and an urban neighborhood of Belgrade, the capital of Serbia.

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Adam Bajalics von Bajahaza

Adam Bajalics von Bajaháza, also Adam Bajalić von Bajaházy or Adam Bayalitsch, (1734 – 5 June 1800) entered Austrian military service and fought against Prussia, Ottoman Turkey, and France.

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Adam František Kollár

Adam František Kollár de Keresztén (Adam Franz Kollar von Keresztén, kereszténi Kollár Ádám Ferenc; 1718–1783) was a Slovak jurist, Imperial-Royal Court Councilor and Chief Imperial-Royal Librarian, a member of Natio Hungarica in the Kingdom of Hungary, a historian, ethnologist, an influential advocate of Empress Maria Theresa's Enlightened and centralist policies.

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Adam Jerzy Czartoryski

Prince Adam Jerzy Czartoryski (Аdomas Jurgis Čartoriskis, also known as Adam George Czartoryski in English; 14 January 177015 July 1861) was a Polish nobleman, statesman and author.

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Adam Zrinski

Adam Zrinski (Zrínyi Ádám) (Vienna, December 24, 1662 – Slankamen, August 19, 1691) was a Croatian count and officer in Habsburg Monarchy army service, a member of the Zrinski noble family.

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Adam, Count of Schwarzenberg

Adam Graf von Schwar(t)zenberg (26 August 1583 – 14 March 1641) was a German official who advised George William, Elector of Brandenburg, during the Thirty Years' War and served as the Master of the ''Johanniterorden'', the Bailiwick of Brandenburg of the Order of Saint John (1625−41).

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Adamów, Łuków County

Adamów is a village in Łuków County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland.

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Administrative divisions of Romania

Romania's administration is relatively centralized and administrative subdivisions are therefore fairly simplified.

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Administrative divisions of Yugoslavia

Yugoslavia had various administrative divisions in different time periods.

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Adolf Herz

Adolf Herz (1862–1947 in Lucerne), an Austrian Mechanical Engineer was born in 1862 in Nový Jičín (Neutitschein), Moravia, now part of the Czech Republic, as son of a well-to-do brewery owner.

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Adolf Hitler

Adolf Hitler (20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was a German politician, demagogue, and revolutionary, who was the leader of the Nazi Party (Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei; NSDAP), Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945 and Führer ("Leader") of Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945.

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Adolf Lang

Adolf Láng (born Adolf Lang; 15 June 1848 – 2 May 1913), was a Hungarian-German architect, one of the main representatives of the historicist style during the late 1900s.

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Adoption of the Gregorian calendar

The adoption of the Gregorian Calendar was an event in the modern history of most nations and societies, marking a change from their traditional (or old style) dating system to the modern (or new style) dating system that is widely used around the world today.

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Adriatic Sea

The Adriatic Sea is a body of water separating the Italian Peninsula from the Balkan peninsula.

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Ahdname of Milodraž

The Ahdname of Milodraž (Milodraška ahdnama/Милодрашка ахднама), also called the Ahdname of Fojnica (Фојничка ахднама/Fojnička ahdnama), was the ahdname issued on 28 May 1463 (or 1464) by the Ottoman sultan Mehmed the Conqueror to Bosnian Franciscans, represented by Anđeo Zvizdović.

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Ahmed I

Ahmed I (احمد اول; I.; 18 April 1590 – 22 November 1617) was the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1603 until his death in 1617.

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Ahmed III

Ahmed III (Ottoman Turkish: احمد ثالث, Aḥmed-i sālis) (30/31 December 16731 July 1736) was Sultan of the Ottoman Empire and a son of Sultan Mehmed IV (r. 1648–87).

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Ailing Dojčin

Ailing Dojčin (Болани Дојчин or Bolani Dojčin, Bulgarian and Macedonian: Болен Дојчин, Bolen Dojčin) is a hero of South Slavic epic poetry, atypical for being depicted as an ill person.

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Akademisches Gymnasium Innsbruck

The Akademisches Gymnasium Innsbruck is a grammar school, or Gymnasium in Innsbruck, Tyrol, founded in 1562 by the Jesuits in the course of the counter-reformation.

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Akiva Eger

Rabbi Akiva Eger (also spelled as Akiva Eiger), or Akiva Güns, עקיבא אייגער, (Eisenstadt, 1761Poznań, 1837) was an outstanding Talmudic scholar, influential halakhic decisor and foremost leader of European Jewry during the early 19th century.

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Alajos Degré

Alajos Degré (Lippa, Hungary (today in Romania), January 6, 1819 – Budapest, November 1, 1896) was Hungarian lawyer, legal historian, author and one of the key figures of the Hungarian Revolution of 1848.

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Alajos Hauszmann

Alajos Hauszmann (born as Alois Hausmann, June 9, 1847 – July 31, 1926) was an Austro-Hungarian architect, professor, and member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences.

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Alan Sked

Alan Sked (born 22 August 1947) is a British academic and politician.

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Albanian Pashaliks

The Albanian Pashaliks (Pashallëqet shqiptare) were three Ottoman pashaliks ruled by Albanian pashas from about 1760 to 1831 and covering roughly the territory of modern Albania, Kosovo, and Northwestern Greece.

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Albanians of Romania

The Albanians (Shqiptarë in Albanian, Albanezi in Romanian) are an ethnic minority in Romania.

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Albé

Albé (Erlenbach) is a commune in the Bas Rhin département in Alsace in north-eastern France.

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Albert Conti

Albert De Conti Cadassamare (29 January 1887 Gorizia – 18 January 1967 Hollywood, California, USA), professionally billed as Albert Conti was an Austrian-Hungarian-born Italian-American film actor.

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Albert Gyulay

Count Albert Gyulay de Marosnémethi et Nádaska or Albert Gyulai von Máros-Németh und Nádaska, born 12 September 1766 – died 27 April 1835, a Hungarian, joined the army of Habsburg Austria and fought against Ottoman Turkey.

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Albert I of Belgium

Albert I (8 April 1875 – 17 February 1934) reigned as the third King of the Belgians from 1909 to 1934.

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Albert Pessler

Albert Pessler (Alberto Pesler; Albrecht Pessler) (1590-1629) was 17th-century provost of Patriarchate of Aquileia.

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Albert Popper

Albert Popper (Vojtěch Popper; Hebrew name: Abraham; 1808 – 3 September 1889) was a mayor of Vimperk (Winterberg) and doctor for the House of Schwarzenberg.

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Albertinian Line

The Albertinian line was a line of the Habsburg dynasty, begun by Duke Albert III of Austria, who, after death of his elder brother Rudolf IV, divided the Habsburg hereditary lands with his brother Leopold III by the 1379 Treaty of Neuberg.

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Albrecht von Wallenstein

Albrecht Wenzel Eusebius von Wallenstein (Albrecht Václav Eusebius z Valdštejna; 24 September 158325 February 1634),Schiller, Friedrich.

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Albrechtice (Karviná District)

Albrechtice (Polish:, Albersdorf) is a large village in Karviná District, Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic.

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Aleksandrowice, Bielsko-Biała

Aleksandrowice (Alexanderfeld) is a osiedle (district) of Bielsko-Biała, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland.

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Aleksej Jelačić

Aleksej Jelačić (Алексей Елачич; Алексеј Јелачић, also sometimes written Aleksije; January 10, 1892 – October 24, 1941) was a Serbian historian.

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Aleksinac

Aleksinac (Алексинац) is a town and municipality located in the Nišava District of the southern Serbia.

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Alessandro Verri

Alessandro Verri (9 November 1741 – 23 September 1816) was an Italian author.

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Alexander Colyn

Alexander Colyn (also spelt Colin or Colins; 1527/2917 August 1612) was a Flemish sculptor.

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Alexander Kircher

Alexander Kircher (Trieste, 26 February 1867 – 16 September 1939, Berlin) was an Austrian-German marine and landscape painter and illustrator.

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Alexander Mavrocordatos

Alexander Mavrocordatos (Ἀλέξανδρος Μαυροκορδάτος; 163623 December 1709) was a member of the Greek Mavrocordatos family, a doctor of philosophy and medicine of the University of Bologna, and dragoman to Sultan Mehmed IV in 1673 — notably employed in negotiations with the Habsburg Monarchy during the Great Turkish War.

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Alexander Mourouzis

Alexander Mourouzis (Αλέξανδρος Μουρούζης; Alexandru Moruzi; died 1816) was a Grand Dragoman of the Ottoman Empire who served as Prince of Moldavia and Prince of Wallachia.

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Alexander Strausz

Alexander Strausz (1829–1905) was a Hungarian-born American brewer, cartographer, architect, mining engineer, industrialist and school superintendent.

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Alexander Ypsilantis

Alexander Ypsilantis, Ypsilanti, or Alexandros Ypsilantis (Αλέξανδρος Υψηλάντης Alexandros Yipsilantis; Alexandru Ipsilanti; Александр Константинович Ипсиланти Aleksandr Konstantinovich Ipsilanti; 12 December 179231 January 1828), was a member of a prominent Phanariot Greek family, a prince of the Danubian Principalities, a senior officer of the Imperial Russian cavalry during the Napoleonic Wars, and a leader of the Filiki Eteria, a secret organization that coordinated the beginning of the Greek War of Independence against the Ottoman Empire.

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Alexander Ypsilantis (1725–1805)

Alexander Ypsilantis (Αλέξανδρος Υψηλάντης Alexandros Ypsilantis, Alexandru Ipsilanti; 1725–1805) was a Greek Voivode (Prince) of Wallachia from 1775 to 1782, and again from 1796 to 1797, and also Voivode (Prince) of Moldavia from 1786 to 1788.

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Alexandra Francis Rzewuska

Aleksandra Franciszka Lubomirska (nicknamed Rosalie by her father) (Kiev, 1788 – 11 January 1865 in Warsaw) was a Polish aristocrat, artist and writer from the Lubomirski family.

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Alexandre-Pierre de Mackensie-Douglas, baron de Kildin

Alexandre-Pierre de Mackensie-Douglas or Mackenzie-Douglas, baron de Kildin (1713-1765) was a Jacobite in French service.

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Alexandru Bogdan-Pitești

Alexandru Bogdan-Pitești (born Alexandru Bogdan, also known as Ion Doican, Ion Duican and Al. Dodan; June 13, 1870 – May 12, 1922) was a Romanian Symbolist poet, essayist, and art and literary critic, who was also known as a journalist and left-wing political agitator.

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Alexandru Dobra

Alexandru Dobra (15 February 1794 – 13 April 1870) was a Romanian Greek Catholic hierarch.

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Alexei Petrovich, Tsarevich of Russia

Alexei Petrovich Romanov (28 February 1690 – 7 July 1718) was a Russian Tsarevich.

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Alexis of Russia

Aleksey Mikhailovich (p; –) was the tsar of Russia from 12 July 1645 until his death, 29 January 1676.

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Alfred Redl

Alfred Redl (14 March 1864 – 25 May 1913) was a Ukrainian military officer who rose to head the Evidenzbureau, the counter-intelligence wing of the Austro-Hungarian Army General Staff.

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Alfred von Domaszewski

Alfred von Domaszewski (October 30, 1856 – March 25, 1927) was an Austrian historian born in Timișoara in the Habsburg Monarchy.

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Allgemeine Bauzeitung

The Allgemeine Bauzeitung was founded in 1836 by the architect Ludwig Förster and was the most important architectural publication of the Austrian monarchy.

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Alois von Gavasini

Alois Graf von Gavasini (1762 – 28 November 1834) led a combat brigade in the armies of Habsburg Austria and the Austrian Empire during a remarkable number of battles in the French Revolutionary Wars and Napoleonic Wars.

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Alps

The Alps (Alpes; Alpen; Alpi; Alps; Alpe) are the highest and most extensive mountain range system that lies entirely in Europe,The Caucasus Mountains are higher, and the Urals longer, but both lie partly in Asia.

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Alsace

Alsace (Alsatian: ’s Elsass; German: Elsass; Alsatia) is a cultural and historical region in eastern France, on the west bank of the upper Rhine next to Germany and Switzerland.

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Alsdorf

Alsdorf is a municipality in the district of Aachen, in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

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Altmann & Kühne

Altmann & Kühne is a confiserie and chocolaterie in Vienna, Austria, established in 1928.

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Altrei

Altrei (Anterivo) is a comune (municipality) in South Tyrol in northern Italy.

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Alvise Contarini

Alvise Contarini (24 October 1601 – 15 January 1684) was the 106th Doge of Venice, reigning from his election on 26 August 1676 until his death seven and a half years later.

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Alvise Contarini (diplomat)

Alvise Contarini (April 23, 1597 — March 11, 1651) was a patrician and diplomat of the Republic of Venice.

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Amédée Emmanuel François Laharpe

Amédée Emmanuel François Laharpe (1754 – 8 May 1796) fought in the armies of the First French Republic during the French Revolutionary Wars, led a division in Italy under Napoleon Bonaparte, and died after being hit by friendly fire.

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Amédée Willot

Amédée Willot (31 August 1755 – 17 December 1823) held several military commands during the French Revolutionary Wars but his association with Jean-Charles Pichegru led to his exile from France in 1797.

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Amcazade Köprülü Hüseyin Pasha

Amcazade Köprülü Hüseyin Pasha ("Köprülü Hüseyin Pasha the Nephew"; in Hysein Pashë Kypriljoti) (1644–1702) of the Köprülü family, was the grand vizier of the Ottoman Empire under Mustafa II from September 1697 until September 1702.

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András Gáspár (general)

András Gáspár (23 November 1804 – 5 August 1884) was a Hungarian General who fought in the Hungarian War of Independence of 1848–1849.

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András Hadik

Count András Hadik de Futak (Andreas Reichsgraf Hadik von Futak; futaki Hadik András gróf; Andrej Hadík; October 16, 1710 – March 12, 1790) was a Hungarian nobleman and Field MarshalDarrell Berg (editor): The Correspondence of Christian Gottfried Krause: A Music Lover in the Age Sensibility, Ashgate Publishing Ltd, 2009 of the Habsburg Army.

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André Joseph Boussart

André Joseph Boussart or André Joseph Boussard (13 November 1758 – 11 August 1813) was a French soldier and general.

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Andrea Gioannetti

Andrea Gioannetti (1722–1800) was an Italian Roman Catholic bishop and cardinal.

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Andrea Pozzo

Andrea Pozzo (Latinized version: Andreas Puteus; 30 November 1642 – 31 August 1709) was an Italian Jesuit brother, Baroque painter and architect, decorator, stage designer, and art theoretician.

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Andreas Balzar

Andreas Balzar, nicknamed Balzar of Flammersfeld (Balzar von Flammersfeld), full name Andreas Ludwig Balzar (1769–1797) was a German robber.

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Andreas Hofer

Andreas Hofer (November 22, 1767 – February 20, 1810) was a Tyrolean innkeeper and drover, who in 1809 became the leader of the Tyrolean Rebellion against the revolutionary Napoleonic invasion during the War of the Fifth Coalition.

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Andreas Karaczay

Andreas Karaczay de Vályeszáka or Andreas Karaiczay de Wallje Szaka or András Karacsaj de Válje-Szaka (30 November 1744 – 22 March 1808) served in the Austrian army beginning in the Seven Years' War.

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Andreas O'Reilly von Ballinlough

Andreas Graf O'Reilly von Ballinlough (3 August 1742 – 5 July 1832) was an Irish-Austrian soldier and military commander of Irish origin.

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Andreas Perlach

Andreas Perlach, also known as Andreas Perlacher and Andreas Perlachius ex Wittschein Stiriensis, (1490–1551) was born in Svečina, in the Habsburg empire (now in Slovenia).

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Andrei Șaguna

Andrei Șaguna (20 January 1809, Miskolc, Hungary – 28 June 1873, Nagyszeben, Hungary) was a Metropolitan bishop of the Romanian Orthodox Church in Transylvania, and one of the Romanian community political leaders in the Habsburg Monarchy, especially active during the 1848 Revolution.

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Andrei Mocioni

Andrei Mocioni de Foen (also spelled Andrea de Mocioni or Andreiu Mocionĭ, last name also Mocsonyi, Mocsoni, Mocionyi or Mocsony; Andreas Mocioni de Foen or Andreas von Mocsonyi, fényi Mocsonyi András; June 27, 1812 – April 23/May 5, 1880) was an Austrian and Hungarian jurist, politician, and informal leader of the ethnic Romanian community, one of the founding members of the Romanian Academy.

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Andrei Mureșanu

Andrei Mureșanu (November 16, 1816 in Bistrița – October 12, 1863 in Brașov) was a Romanian poet and revolutionary of Transylvania (then in the Habsburg Monarchy).

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Andrei Rosenberg

Diederich Arend von Rosenberg or Andrei Grigoryevich Rosenberg (1739–1813) was an Imperial Russian general who led troops against Ottoman Turkey, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and Republican France.

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Andrej Sládkovič

Andrej Sládkovič (born as Andrej Braxatoris, pseudonyms Andrej Braxatoris-Sládkovič, Andrej Sládkovič, Ondřej Krasislav Sládkovič, 31 March 1820, in Krupina (Korpona) – 20 April 1872, in Radvaň near Banská Bystrica) was a Slovak poet, critic, publicist and translator.

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Andrey Matveyev

Count Andrey Artamonovich Matveev (Андрей Артамонович Матвеев) (1666–1728) was a Russian statesman of the Petrine epoch best remembered as one of the first Russian ambassadors and Peter the Great's agent in London and the Hague.

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Andrija Ljudevit Adamić

Andrea Lodovico Adamich (Andrija Ljudevit Adamić) (29 November 1766 – 31 October 1828) was an Italian-Austrian trader from the City of Fiume, builder, supporter of economical and cultural development.

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Andriy Bachynskyi

Andriy Bachynskyi (Андрій Бачинський; 11 November 1732 – 19 November 1809) was a Ruthenian Greek Catholic hierarch.

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Andronikos Kantakouzenos (1553–1601)

Andronikos Kantakouzenos (Ανδρόνικος Καντακουζηνός; Andronicus Cantacuzenus; Andronic or Andronie Cantacuzino; 1553 – late 1601), also known as Mihaloğlu Derviş, was an Ottoman Greek entrepreneur and political figure, primarily active in Wallachia and Moldavia.

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Angelus Silesius

Angelus Silesius (9 July 1677), born Johann Scheffler and also known as Johann Angelus Silesius, was a German Catholic priest and physician, known as a mystic and religious poet.

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Anglo-Austrian Alliance

The Anglo-Austrian Alliance connected the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Habsburg Monarchy during the first half of the 18th century.

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Anna Maria Franziska of Saxe-Lauenburg

Anna Maria Franziska of Saxe-Lauenburg (13 June 1672 – 15 October 1741) was the legal Duchess of Saxe-Lauenburg in the eyes of the Holy Roman Emperor, the overlord of Saxe-Lauenburg, from 1689 until 1728; however, because her distant cousin George William, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, conquered the duchy by force in 1689, she exercised no control over the territory, instead living in her manors in Bohemia.

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Anna Maria of Liechtenstein

Anna Maria Antonie of Liechtenstein (11 September 1699 in Vienna – 20 January 1753 in Vienna), was a princess consort of Liechtenstein; married 19 April 1718 to her cousin prince Joseph Wenzel I, Prince of Liechtenstein.

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Anna Maria von Eggenberg, née Brandenburg-Bayreuth

Anna Maria Princess of Eggenberg, née Brandenburg-Bayreuth (born 30 December 1609 in Bayreuth; died 8 May 1680 in Ödenburg) was a Margravine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth and, by marriage Johann Anton I von Eggenberg, a Fürstin (princess) of Eggenberg.

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Anschluss

Anschluss ('joining') refers to the annexation of Austria into Nazi Germany on 12 March 1938.

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Antal Kagerbauer

Antal Kagerbauer (born as Anton Kagerbauer, 5 July 1814 in Abrudbánya – 8 October 1872 in Torda) was a Transylvanian Hungarian-German architect who worked in Cluj during the mid-nineteenth century.

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Ante Starčević

Ante Starčević (23 May 1823 – 28 February 1896), was a Croatian politician and writer.

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Anthimos Gazis

Anthimos Gazis or Gazes (Ἄνθιμος Γαζῆς, born Anastasios Gazalis, Ἀναστάσιος Γαζαλῆς; 1758 24 June 1828) was a Greek scholar, revolutionary and politician.

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Anthimus II of Constantinople

Anthimus II (Άνθιμος Β΄) was Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople for a few months in 1623.

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Anthony Janszoon van Salee

Anthony Janszoon van Salee (1607–1676) was an original settler of and prominent landholder, merchant, and creditor in New Netherlands.

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Anthony Petrushevych

Anthony Petrushevych (January 18, 1821 – September 23, 1913) (Петруше́вич Анто́ній Степа́нович) was a Ukrainian and Polish historian, linguist, researcher of the history of Galicia, a priest of the UGCC.

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Anti-Croat sentiment

Anti-Croat sentiment (Croatophobia or Anti-Croatism) is discrimination or prejudice towards Croats as an ethnic group, and towards Croatia as a country.

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Anti-Romanyism

Anti-Romanyism (also Antigypsyism, Antiziganism, Romaphobia or anti-Romani sentiment) is the hostility, prejudice, discrimination or racism specifically directed at Romani people (Roma, Sinti, Iberian Kale, Welsh Kale, Finnish Kale and Romanichal).

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Anti-Serbian sentiment

Anti-Serbian sentiment or Anti-Serb sentiment (антисрпска осећања / antisrpska osećanja) and also Anti-Serbism (антисрбизам / antisrbizam) or Anti-Serbdom (антисрпство / antisrpstvo) or Serbophobia (србофобија / srbofobija) is negative feeling in general towards Serbs as an ethnic group.

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Antin Anhelovych

Antin Anhelovych (Антін Ангелович, Antoni Angełłowicz; 14 April 1756 – 9 August 1814) was the first Metropolitan Archbishop of the re-built Metropolitan of Lviv from 1808 until his death in 1814.

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Antoine Barnave

Antoine Pierre Joseph Marie Barnave (22 October 176129 November 1793) was a French politician, and, together with Honoré Mirabeau, one of the most influential orators of the early part of the French Revolution.

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Antoine Morlot

Antoine Morlot (5 May 1766 – 23 March 1809) was a French division commander during the French Revolutionary Wars and Napoleonic Wars.

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Antoinette Saint-Huberty

Anne-Antoinette-Cécile Clavel, better known by her stage name Madame Saint-Huberty or Saint-Huberti (Strasbourg, 15 December 1756 - 22 July 1812, Barnes, London) was a celebrated French operatic soprano whose career extended from c.1774 until 1790.

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Anton Csorich

Anton Csorich (Antun Čorić; 1795–1864) was a Croatian nobleman and general in the Habsburg Monarchy imperial army service.

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Anton Edler von Gapp

Anton Edler von Gapp (March 24, 1778 – April 1, 1862) was an Austrian lawyer, professor of law and in 1821 the Rector of Olomouc Lyceum.

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Anton Egon, Prince of Fürstenberg-Heiligenberg

Anton Egon (23 April 1656 – 10 October 1716), a member of the Swabian House of Fürstenberg, was Imperial Prince and Princely Landgrave of Fürstenberg-Heiligenberg from 1674 until his death.

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Anton Ferdinand Mittrowsky

Anton Ferdinand Count Mittrowsky von Mittrowitz und Nemyšl, or Anton Mittrovsky, (1745 - 30 September 1809) served in the Austrian army for many years.

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Anton Günther

Anton Günther (17 November 1783, Lindenau, Bohemia (now part of Cvikov, Czech Republic) – 24 February 1863, Vienna) was an Austrian Roman Catholic philosopher whose work was condemned by the church as heretical tritheism.

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Anton Lipthay de Kisfalud

Anton Lipthay de Kisfalud (1745 – 17 February 1800), also Anton Liptai or Anton Liptay, served in the Austrian army, attained general officer rank, and fought in several battles against the French army of Napoleon Bonaparte during the French Revolutionary Wars.

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Anton Martin Slomšek

Blessed Anton Martin Slomšek (26 November 1800 – 24 September 1862) was a Slovene Roman Catholic prelate who served as the Bishop of Lavant from 1846 until his death.

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Anton Schübirz von Chobinin

Anton Schübirz or Anton Schubirz von Chobinin (21 December 1748 – 11 June 1801) fought for Habsburg Austria against Ottoman Turkey and the French First Republic.

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Anton Sztáray

Anton Sztáray de Nagy-Mihály (Nagymihályi Sztáray Antal, 1732 or 1740, Kassa, Hungary, Habsburg Empire – 23 January 1808, Graz, Styria, Austrian Empire) was a Hungarian count in the Habsburg military during Austria's Wars with the Ottoman Empire, the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars.

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Anton Tomaž Linhart

Anton Tomaž Linhart (11 December 1756 – 14/15 July 1795) was a Carniolan playwright and historian, best known as the author of the first comedy and theatrical play in general in Slovene, Županova Micka (Micka, the Mayor's Daughter).

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Anton von Elsnitz

Franz Anton Freiherr von Elsnitz (born 28 September 1742 in Vienna; died 31 December 1825 in Maria Enzersdorf) was an Austrian cavalry soldier and commander during the War of the Bavarian Succession, Austro-Turkish War (1787–91), and French Revolutionary Wars.

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Anton von Zach

Anton Freiherr von Zach (IPA) (14 June 1747 – 22 November 1826) was an Austrian General with Hungarian ancestors, who enlisted in the army of Habsburg Austria and fought against the First French Republic.

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Antonije Znorić

Antonije Znorić (Антоније Знорић; 1689–d. September 21, 1695) was a military officer (colonel) of the Habsburg army and the commander of the Serbian Militia during the Great Turkish War.

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Antonio de Benavides

Antonio Benavides Bazán y Molina (December 8, 1678 – January 9, 1762) was a Lieutenant General in the Spanish Army who held administrative positions in the Americas as Royal Governor of Spanish Florida (1718–1734), Governor of Veracruz (1734–1745), Governor and Captain General of Yucatán province (1745 – 1750), as well as Governor of Manila in the Philippines (September 1750 – ?).

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Antonio Ricardos

Antonio Ricardos Carrillo de Albornoz (1727, Barbastro – 13 March 1794) was a Spanish general.

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Antonio Salieri

Antonio Salieri (18 August 17507 May 1825) was an Italian classical composer, conductor, and teacher.

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Antoniotto Botta Adorno

Antoniotto Botta Adorno. Antoniotto Botta Adorno, also Anton Otto Marchese Botta d'Adorno (Castelletto di Branduzzo, 1688 - Torre d'Isola, December 29, 1774) was a high officer of the Habsburg Monarchy and a plenipotentiary of the Austrian Netherlands.

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Antun Dalmatin

Antun Aleksandrović Dalmatin (Antonius Dalmata ab Alexandro) was 16th century translator and publisher of Protestant liturgical books.

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Antun Vramec

Antun (or Anton, also spelled Antol) Vramec (1538–1587/8) was a priest and writer who wrote the first historical book in the Croatian language.

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Apatin

Apatin (Апатин) is a town and municipality located in the West Bačka District of the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia.

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Apothecaries' system

The apothecaries' system or apothecaries' weights and measures is a historical system of mass and volume units that were used by physicians and apothecaries for medical recipes, and also sometimes by scientists.

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Apple strudel

Apple strudel (Apfelstrudel; štrúdl) is a traditional Viennese strudel, a popular pastry in Austria and in many countries in Europe that once belonged to the Austro-Hungarian Empire (1867–1918).

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April 19

No description.

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April 1937

The following events occurred in April 1937.

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April 1938

The following events occurred in April 1938.

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Arabacı Ali Pasha

Arabacı Ali Pasha (also known as Bahadırzade Ali Pasha; 1620–1693) was a short-term Ottoman grand vizier from 1691 to 1692.

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Arad, Romania

Arad (Arad; Арад/Arad) is the capital city of Arad County, historically situated in the region of Crișana, and having recently extended on the left bank of the Mureș river, in Banat region of western Romania.

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Archbishopric of Belgrade and Karlovci

Archbishopric of Belgrade and Karlovci (Архиепископија београдско-карловачка) is the central or patriarchal eparchy of the Serbian Orthodox Church, with seat in Belgrade, Serbia.

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Archbishopric of Salzburg

The Prince-Archbishopric of Salzburg (Fürsterzbistum Salzburg) was an ecclesiastical principality and state of the Holy Roman Empire.

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Archdiocese of Arad

The Archdiocese or Archbishopric of Arad (Arhiepiscopia Aradului), formerly the Bishopric of Arad (Episcopia Aradului, Арадска епархија) is an episcopal see of the Romanian Orthodox Church, under the administration of the Metropolis of Banat, with jurisdiction over Arad County in Romania.

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Archdiocese of Râmnic

The Archdiocese of Râmnic (Arhiepiscopia Râmnicului) is a Romanian Orthodox archdiocese based in Râmnicu Vâlcea (or Râmnic), Romania, in the historic region of Oltenia, and covering Vâlcea County.

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Archduchess Anna of Austria

Anna of Austria (7 July 1528 – 16 October 1590), a member of the Imperial House of Habsburg, was Duchess of Bavaria from 1550 until 1579, by her marriage with Duke Albert V.

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Archduchess Maria Anna of Austria (1738–1789)

Archduchess Maria Anna Josepha Antonia of Austria (6 October 1738 – 19 November 1789) was the second child of Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor, and Maria Theresa, Queen of Hungary and Bohemia.

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Archduchy of Austria

The Archduchy of Austria (Erzherzogtum Österreich) was a major principality of the Holy Roman Empire and the nucleus of the Habsburg Monarchy.

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Archduke

Archduke (feminine: Archduchess; German: Erzherzog, feminine form: Erzherzogin) was the title borne from 1358 by the Habsburg rulers of the Archduchy of Austria, and later by all senior members of that dynasty.

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Archduke Alexander Leopold of Austria

Archduke Alexander Leopold of Austria (Alexander Leopold Johann Joseph; Sándor Lipót; 14 August 1772 – 12 July 1795) was Palatine of Hungary, appointed during the reign of his father, Holy Roman Emperor Leopold II, and serving into the reign of his elder brother, Holy Roman Emperor Francis II.

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Archduke Anton Victor of Austria

Anton Victor, Viceroy of Lombardy-Venetia (full German name: Anton Viktor Joseph Johann Raimund von Österreich, 31 August 1779 – 2 April 1835) was an Archduke of Austria and a Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights.

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Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria

Franz Ferdinand Carl Ludwig Joseph Maria (18 December 1863 – 28 June 1914) was an Archduke of Austria-Este, Austro-Hungarian and Royal Prince of Hungary and of Bohemia and, from 1896 until his death, heir presumptive to the Austro-Hungarian throne.

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Archduke Leo Karl of Austria

Leo Karl Maria Cyril-Methodius Habsburg-Lorraine, Archduke of Austria (5 July 1893, Pula, Austria-Hungary – 28 April 1939, Bestwina, Poland) was the fifth child and the second son of Archduke Charles Stephen of Austria and Archduchess Maria Theresia, Princess of Tuscany.

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Archduke Rainer of Austria (1895–1930)

Archduke Rainer of Austria Rainer, Erzherzog von Österreich-Toskana; (21 November 1895 – 25 May 1930) was a member of the House of Habsburg-Lorraine, a member of the Tuscan branch of the Imperial House of Habsburg, an Archduke of Austria and Prince of Tuscany by birth.

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Ardud

Ardud (Erdőd, Hungarian pronunciation:; Erdeed) is a town situated in Satu Mare County, Transylvania, Romania.

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Areas annexed by Nazi Germany

There were many areas annexed by Nazi Germany both immediately before and throughout the course of World War II.

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Armand Gensonné

Armand Gensonné (10 August 175831 October 1793) was a French politician.

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Armand Louis de Gontaut

Armand Louis de Gontaut, Duc de Lauzun, later duc de Biron, and usually referred to by historians of the French Revolution simply as Biron (13 April 174731 December 1793) was a French soldier and politician, known for the part he played in the American War of Independence and the French Revolutionary Wars.

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Armand von Nordmann

Joseph-Armand Ritter von Nordmann (31 August 1759 – 6 July 1809), was a French officer in the French Royal Army.

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Armenians of Romania

Armenians have been present in what is now Romania and Moldova for over a millennium, and have been an important presence as traders since the 14th century.

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Army of Condé

The Army of Condé (Armée de Condé) was a French field army during the French Revolutionary Wars.

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Army of Sambre and Meuse

The Army of Sambre and Meuse (Armée de Sambre-et-Meuse) was one of the armies of the French Revolution.

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Army of the Czech Republic

The Army of the Czech Republic (Armáda České republiky, AČR), also known as the Czech Army or Czech Armed Forces, is the military service responsible for the defence of the Czech Republic in compliance with international obligations and treaties on collective defence.

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Army of the Danube

The Army of the Danube (Armée du Danube) was a field army of the French Directory in the 1799 southwestern campaign in the Upper Danube valley.

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Army of the North (France)

The Army of the North or Armée du Nord is a name given to several historical units of the French Army.

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Army of the Rhine and Moselle

The Army of the Rhine and Moselle (Armée de Rhin-et-Moselle) was one of the field units of the French Revolutionary Army.

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Arnold Paole

Arnold Paole (Arnont Paule in the original documents; an early German rendition of a Serbian name or nickname, perhaps Арнаут Павле, Arnaut Pavle; died c. 1726) was a Serbian hajduk who was believed to have become a vampire after his death, initiating an epidemic of supposed vampirism that killed at least 16 people in his native village of Meduegna (also rendered as Metwett; likely a German rendition of Serbian "Medveđa)", located at the West Morava river in Trstenik, Serbia.

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Aron Pumnul

Aron Pumnul (27 November 1818 – 12 January O.S. (24 January N.S.) 1866) was a Romanian philologist and teacher as well as a national and revolutionary activist in Transylvania and later in Bukovina (then in the Habsburg Monarchy).

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Arriach

Arriach (Arjoh) is a municipality in the district of Villach-Land in the Austrian state of Carinthia.

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Arsenije III Čarnojević

Arsenije III Čarnojević (Арсеније III Чарнојевић, 1633 – 27 October 1706) was the Archbishop of Peć and Serbian Patriarch from 1674 to his death in 1706.

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Arsenije IV Jovanović Šakabenta

Arsenije IV Jovanović Šakabenta (Арсеније IV Јовановић Шакабента,; 1698 – 18 January 1748) was the Archbishop of Peć and Serbian Patriarch from 1725 to 1737 and Head of the Serbian Orthodox Church in Habsburg Monarchy from 1737 to his death in 1748.

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Arsenije Sečujac

Arsenije Sečujac (Арсеније Сечујац, Arsenius Seczujacz; 1720 – 13 January 1814) was a Habsburg general who earned the rank of major general at the very end of his military career and was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Military Order of Maria Theresa, the highest Monarchy decoration, in 1762.

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Artaria

Artaria & Co. was one of the most important music publishing firms of the late 18th and 19th century.

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Arthur Arz von Straußenburg

Generaloberst Arthur Freiherr Arz von Straußenburg (16 June 1857 – 1 July 1935) was an Austro-Hungarian Colonel General and last Chief of the General Staff of the Austro-Hungarian Army.

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Arthur Chichester, 1st Baron Chichester

Arthur Chichester, 1st Baron Chichester of Belfast (May 1563 – 19 February 1625), (known between 1596 and 1613 as Sir Arthur Chichester), of Carrickfergus in Ireland, was an English administrator and soldier who served as Lord Deputy of Ireland from 1605 to 1616.

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Ascona

Ascona Ascona is a municipality in the district of Locarno in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland.

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Atanasie Rednic

Atanasie Rednic (1722–1772) was Bishop of Făgăraş and Primate of the Romanian Greek Catholic Church from 1765 to his death in 1772.

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Atanasije I

Atanasije I (Атанасије I) was the Archbishop of Peć and Serbian Patriarch, head of the Serbian Orthodox Church, from 1711 until 1712.

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Atanasije II Gavrilović

Atanasije II Gavrilović (Атанасије II Гавриловић; Skopje, late 17th century – Peć, 1752) was Archbishop of Peć and Serbian Patriarch from 1747 to 1752.

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Atanasije Stojković

Atanasije Stojković (1773-1832) was a Serbian, Austrian and Russian writer, pedagogue, scholar, physicist, mathematician and astronomer of Serb origin.

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Attems

The house of Attems is a noble Uradel family originating in the former March of Friuli.

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Auerbach (Jewish family)

The Jewish family Auerbach, Авербах (אוּרבּך) of the 16th to 19th century was a family of scholars, the progenitor of which was Moses Auerbach, born around 1462, court Jew to the bishop of Regensburg as of around 1497.

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August 1

No description.

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August 17

No description.

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August 3

No description.

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August Šenoa

August Šenoa (originally Schönoa; 14 November 1838 – 13 December 1881) was a Croatian novelist.

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August Neidhardt von Gneisenau

August Wilhelm Antonius Graf Neidhardt von Gneisenau (27 October 176023 August 1831) was a Prussian field marshal.

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August Witkowski

August Wiktor Witkowski (12 October 1854 - 12 January 1913), was a Polish physicist, professor and rector of Jagiellonian University in Kraków.

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Austria

Austria (Österreich), officially the Republic of Austria (Republik Österreich), is a federal republic and a landlocked country of over 8.8 million people in Central Europe.

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Austria (disambiguation)

Austria is a country.

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Austria in the time of National Socialism

Austria in the time of National Socialism describes the period of Austrian history from March 12, 1938 when Austria was annexed by Nazi Germany (the event is commonly known as Anschluss) until the end of World War II in 1945.

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Austria-Hungary

Austria-Hungary, often referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire or the Dual Monarchy in English-language sources, was a constitutional union of the Austrian Empire (the Kingdoms and Lands Represented in the Imperial Council, or Cisleithania) and the Kingdom of Hungary (Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen or Transleithania) that existed from 1867 to 1918, when it collapsed as a result of defeat in World War I. The union was a result of the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 and came into existence on 30 March 1867.

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Austria–Croatia relations

Austria–Croatia relations refer to the bilateral relationship between Croatia and Austria.

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Austria–Czech Republic relations

Austria – Czech Republic relations are the neighborly relations between Austria and the Czech Republic, two member states of the European Union.

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Austria–Poland relations

Austrian–Polish relations refer to the relationship between the Republic of Austria and the Republic of Poland.

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Austria–Prussia rivalry

Austria and Prussia had a long-standing conflict and rivalry for supremacy in Central Europe during the 18th and 19th centuries, termed Deutscher Dualismus (German dualism) in the German language area.

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Austria–Serbia relations

Austrian-Serbian relations are foreign relations between Austria and Serbia and their predecessor states.

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Austrian

Austrian may refer to.

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Austrian Circle

The Austrian Circle (Österreichischer Reichskreis) was an Imperial Circle of the Holy Roman Empire.

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Austrian colonial policy

From the 17th century through to the 19th century, the Habsburg Monarchy, Austrian Empire, and Austro-Hungarian Empire attempted to profit from colonial trade and to establish their own colonies abroad.

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Austrian colonization of Nicobar Islands

Austrian colonization of Nicobar Islands was a short-lived and unsuccessful attempt of Habsburg Monarchy to make Nicobar Islands (an island chain in the eastern Indian Ocean) their colony.

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Austrian Democratic Union

The Austrian Democratic Union (Österreichische Demokratische Union) was a grouping formed by Austrian exiles in Britain in August 1941 during the Second World War.

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Austrian East India Company

Austrian East India Company is a catchall term referring to a series of Austrian trading companies based in Ostend and Trieste.

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Austrian Empire

The Austrian Empire (Kaiserthum Oesterreich, modern spelling Kaisertum Österreich) was a Central European multinational great power from 1804 to 1919, created by proclamation out of the realms of the Habsburgs.

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Austrian German

Austrian German (Österreichisches Deutsch), Austrian Standard German, Standard Austrian German (Österreichisches Standarddeutsch) or Austrian High German (Österreichisches Hochdeutsch), is the variety of Standard German written and spoken in Austria.

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Austrian heraldry

Austrian heraldry is closely related to German heraldry, as Austria is a Germanophone country, but it also shows some particularities of its own, partly due to the mutual influence to and from the lands of the former Habsburg monarchy.

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Austrian literature

Austrian literature is the literature written in Austria, which is mostly, but not exclusively, written in the German language.

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Austrian Littoral

The Austrian Littoral (Österreichisches Küstenland, Litorale Austriaco, Avstrijsko primorje, Austrijsko primorje, Osztrák Partvidék) was a crown land (Kronland) of the Austrian Empire, established in 1849.

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Austrian Netherlands

The Austrian Netherlands (Oostenrijkse Nederlanden; Pays-Bas Autrichiens; Österreichische Niederlande; Belgium Austriacum) was the larger part of the Southern Netherlands between 1714 and 1797.

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Austrian nobility

The Austrian nobility (österreichischer Adel) is a status group that was officially abolished in 1919 after the fall of Austria-Hungary.

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Austrian occupation of Spiš and Podhale

Austrian occupation of Spiš and Podhale - the Austrian occupation of the Spiš lien from 1769 until 1772, when the occupied territory was formally annexed by the Habsburg Empire, part of the First Partition of Poland.

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Austrian Partition

The Austrian Partition (zabór austriacki) comprise the former territories of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth acquired by the Habsburg Monarchy during the Partitions of Poland in the late 18th century.

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Austrian Riviera

The Austrian Riviera (German Österreichische Riviera, Italian Riviera Austriaca, Slovene Avstrijska riviera, Croatian Austrijska rivijera) was a term used for advertising the seaside resorts on the Adriatic coast of the Austrian crown lands of Gorizia and Istria.

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Austrian Silesia

Austrian Silesia (Österreichisch-Schlesien (historically also Oesterreichisch-Schlesien, Oesterreichisch Schlesien, österreichisch Schlesien); Rakouské Slezsko; Śląsk Austriacki), officially the Duchy of Upper and Lower Silesia (Herzogtum Ober- und Niederschlesien (historically Herzogthum Ober- und Niederschlesien); Vévodství Horní a Dolní Slezsko), was an autonomous region of the Kingdom of Bohemia and the Austrian Empire, from 1867 a Cisleithanian crown land of Austria-Hungary.

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Austrian–Hungarian War (1477–88)

The Austrian–Hungarian War was a military conflict between the Kingdom of Hungary under Mathias Corvinus and the Habsburg Archduchy of Austria under Frederick V (also Holy Roman Emperor as Frederick III).

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Austrians

Austrians (Österreicher) are a Germanic nation and ethnic group, native to modern Austria and South Tyrol that share a common Austrian culture, Austrian descent and Austrian history.

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Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867

The Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 (Ausgleich, Kiegyezés) established the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary.

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Austro-Hungarian gulden

The Gulden or forint (Gulden, forint, forinta/florin, zlatý) was the currency of the lands of the House of Habsburg between 1754 and 1892 (known as the Austrian Empire from 1804 to 1867 and the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy after 1867), when it was replaced by the Krone/korona as part of the introduction of the gold standard.

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Austro-Slavism

Austro-Slavism was a political concept and program aimed to solve problems of Slavic peoples in the Austrian Empire.

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Austro-Turkish War (1663–64)

The Austro-Turkish War (1663–1664) or fourth Austro-Turkish War was a short war between the Habsburg Monarchy and the Ottoman Empire.

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Austro-Turkish War (1716–1718)

The Austro-Turkish War was fought between Austria and the Ottoman Empire.

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Austro-Turkish War (1788–1791)

Austro-Turkish War, was fought in 1788–91 between the Habsburg Monarchy (Austria) and the Ottoman Empire, concurrently with the Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792).

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Autonomist Association

The Autonomist Association (Associazione Autonoma, Partito Autonomo.; Autonomna stranka, Autonomaška stranka) was a political party in Fiume, that existed continuously from 1896 to 1914.

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Avraam Benaroya

Avraam Eliezer Benaroya (אברהם בן-ארויה.; Аврам Бенароя; Αβραάμ Μπεναρόγια; Abrahán Eliezer Benarroya; Avram Benaroya; 1887 – 16 May 1979) was a Jewish socialist, member of the Bulgarian Social Democratic Workers' Party (Broad Socialists), later leader of the Socialist Workers' Federation in the Ottoman Empire.

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Avram Miletić

Avram Miletić (Аврам Милетић) (1755 – after 1826) was a merchant and writer of epic folk songs who is best known for writing the earliest collection of urban lyric poetry in Serbian language between 1778 and 1781.

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Avram Mrazović

Avram Mrazović (Serbian: Аврам Мразовић; 12 March 1756 in Sombor – 20 February 1826 in Sombor) was a Serbian writer, translator, pedagogue, aristocrat and Senator of the Free Royal City of Sombor, part of the Military Frontier of the Austro-Hungarian Empire.

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Ádám Récsey

Baron Ádám Récsey de Récse (récsei báró Récsey Ádám, Adam Retsey von Retse; 10 February 1775 – 26 October 1852) was a Hungarian general, joined the army of Habsburg Monarchy, and briefly a politician who was appointed illegally as the Prime Minister of Hungary by King Ferdinand V during the Revolution of 1848, serving in this capacity from 3 October to 7 October 1848.

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Ányos Jedlik

Ányos István Jedlik (Jedlik Ányos István; Štefan Anián Jedlík; in older texts and publications: Stephanus Anianus Jedlik; 11 January 1800 – 13 December 1895) was a Hungarian inventor, engineer, physicist, and Benedictine priest.

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Étienne François, duc de Choiseul

Étienne-François, Marquis de Stainville, 1er Duc de Choiseul (28 June 1719 – 8 May 1785) was a French military officer, diplomat and statesman.

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Étienne Marie Antoine Champion de Nansouty

Étienne-Marie-Antoine Champion, comte de Nansouty (30 May 1768 – 12 February 1815) was a French cavalry commander during the French Revolutionary Wars who rose to the rank of General of Division in 1803 and subsequently held important military commands during the Napoleonic Wars.

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Úpice

Úpice (Eipel) is a town in the Czech Republic.

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Ústí nad Labem

Ústí nad Labem, formerly known by its German name Aussig, is the 7th-most populous city of the Czech Republic.

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Čačak

Čačak (Чачак) is a city and the administrative center of the Moravica District in central Serbia.

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Čabraď Castle

Čabraď Castle (Čabradský hrad, Csábrág) is a castle ruin in Slovakia near the village of Čabradský Vrbovok, in the southeast of Krupina.

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Čedomilj Mijatović

Čedomilj Mijatović (or Chedomille Mijatovich, also spelled Mijatovitch, Miyatovich and Miyatovitch. His first name was often abbreviated in his publications to Chedo or Cheda, Чедомиљ Мијатовић, October 6/18, 1842 – May 14, 1932) was a Serbian statesman, economist, historian, writer, politician, diplomat and one of the leaders of the Progressive Party.

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Česká Lípa

Česká Lípa (Böhmisch-Leipa, לאיפא Laypa) is a city in the Czech Republic.

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České Budějovice

České Budějovice (Budweis or Böhmisch Budweis, Budovicium) is a statutory city in the Czech Republic.

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Český Brod

Český Brod (Böhmisch Brod) is a town in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic.

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Čoka

Čoka (Чока,; Csóka,; Tschoka; Čoka) is a town and municipality located in the North Banat District of the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia.

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Črnomelj

Črnomelj (in older sources also Černomelj, TschernemblLeksikon občin kraljestev in dežel zastopanih v državnem zboru, vol. 6: Kranjsko. 1906. Vienna: C. Kr. Dvorna in Državna Tiskarna, p. 4.) is a town in southeastern Slovenia.

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Čurug

Čurug is a village in the municipality of Žabalj, in the South Bačka District of Serbia.

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Đorđe Branković (count)

Đorđe Branković (Ђорђе Бранковић, Georgius Brankovich, Gheorghe Brancovici; 1645 – 19 December 1711) was a Transylvanian Serb diplomat, writer, and self-proclaimed descendant of the medieval Serbian Branković dynasty.

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Đurđevac

Đurđevac is a town and municipality in the Koprivnica-Križevci County in Croatia.

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Ļaudona

Ļaudona (Laudohn) is a village in the Vidzeme region of northeastern Latvia.

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Łańcut

Łańcut (Polish pronunciation:; Landshut, לאַנצוט-Lantzut), is a town in south-eastern Poland, with 18,004 inhabitants, as of 2 June 2009.

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Łagów, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship

Łagów is a town in Kielce County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland.

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Łaziska Górne

Łaziska Górne (German: Ober Lazisk, Silesian: Gůrne Łaziska) is a town in Silesia in southern Poland, near Katowice.

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Łazy

Łazy is a town in Zawiercie County, Silesian Voivodeship, Poland.

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Łazy, Bielsko County

Łazy is a village in Gmina Jasienica, Bielsko County, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland.

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Łączka, Silesian Voivodeship

Łączka is a village in Gmina Dębowiec, Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland.

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Łąka, Silesian Voivodeship

Łąka (German Lonkau) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Pszczyna, within Pszczyna County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland.

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Łęczna

Łęczna is a town in eastern Poland with 19,780 inhabitants (2014), situated in Lublin Voivodeship.

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Łęki, Oświęcim County

Łęki is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kęty, within Oświęcim County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland.

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Łukasz Baraniecki

Archbishop Łukasz Baraniecki (Лукаш Баранецький; Łukasz Baraniecki; 14 October 1798 – 30 June 1858) was a Roman Catholic prelate, who served as a Metropolitan Archbishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Lviv from 28 September 1849 until his death on 30 June 1858.

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Łukasz Gołębiowski

Łukasz Gołębiowski (1773–1849) was a Polish ethnographer, historian, translator and librarian.

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Łuków County

Łuków County (powiat łukowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lublin Voivodeship, eastern Poland.

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Řeka

(Polish:, Cieszyn Silesian) (literally a river) is a village in Frýdek-Místek District, Moravian-Silesian Region, Czech Republic.

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Řepiště

Řepiště (Rzepiszcze) is a village in Frýdek-Místek District, Moravian-Silesian Region, Czech Republic.

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Ścinawa

Ścinawa (Steinau an der Oder) is a town and municipality on the Oder river in the Lower Silesian region of Poland.

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Środa Śląska

Środa Śląska (Neumarkt in Schlesien) is a town in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland.

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Świętoszówka

Świętoszówka is a village in Gmina Jasienica, Bielsko County, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland.

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Świdnica

Świdnica (Schweidnitz; Svídnice) is a city in southwestern Poland in the region of Silesia.

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Świdnik

Świdnik is a municipality in eastern Poland with 40,186 inhabitants (2012), situated in the Lublin Voivodeship, southeast of the city of Lublin.

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Świebodzin

Świebodzin (Schwiebus) is a town in western Poland with 21,757 inhabitants (2004).

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Şehzade Mahmud (son of Mehmed III)

Şehzade Mahmud (شہزادہ محمود; died 7 June 1603) was an Ottoman prince, the son of Sultan Mehmed III and Halime Sultan.

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Šabac

Šabac (Serbian Cyrillic: Шабац) is a city located in the Mačva region of western Serbia.

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Šajkaši

Šajkaši (In sr, шајкаши, Tschaikisten) refers to the river flotilla troops guarding the Danube and Sava, and especially, the Port of Belgrade, against the Ottoman Empire from the 16th to the 19th century.

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Šajkaška

Šajkaška (Шајкашка) is a historical region in northern Serbia.

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Šćepan Mali

"Tsar" Šćepan Mali (Stephen the Little) (? - 22 September 1773) was the de facto ruler tsar of Montenegro from 1767 until his death in 1773.

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Šempeter pri Gorici

Šempeter pri Gorici (or; San Pietro di Gorizia) is a town and the administrative centre of the Municipality of Šempeter-Vrtojba in the Slovene Littoral region of Slovenia.

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Šenov

Šenov (Szonów; Schönhof) is a town in the Ostrava-City District, Moravian-Silesian Region, Czech Republic.

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Šibenik

Šibenik (Sebenico) is a historic city in Croatia, located in central Dalmatia where the river Krka flows into the Adriatic Sea.

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Šid

Šid (Шид) is a town and municipality located in the Srem District of the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia.

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Šluknov

Šluknov (Schluckenau) is the northernmost town of the Czech Republic in its Ústí nad Labem Region.

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Špindlerův Mlýn

Špindlerův Mlýn (Spindlermühle, formerly also Spindelmühle) is a town in the Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic.

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Šternberk

---- Šternberk ((Mährisch-)Sternberg) is a town in the Olomouc Region of the Czech Republic.

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Šumbark

(Polish:, Schumbarg) was a village in Karviná District, Moravian-Silesian Region, Czech Republic.

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Żarnowiec, Silesian Voivodeship

Żarnowiec is a village in Zawiercie County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland.

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Żywiec

Żywiec (Saybusch) is a town in south-central Poland with 32,242 inhabitants (as of November 2007).

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Žabalj

Žabalj is a town and municipality located in the South Bačka District of the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia.

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Žermanice

Žermanice is a village in Frýdek-Místek District, Moravian-Silesian Region, Czech Republic.

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Židlochovice

Židlochovice (Groß Seelowitz) is a town in Brno-Country District in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic.

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Žitište

Žitište (Житиште) is a town and municipality located in the Central Banat District of the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia.

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Životice (Havířov)

(Polish:, Zywotitz, formerly Ziwotitz) is a village in Karviná District, Moravian-Silesian Region, Czech Republic.

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Žužemberk

Žužemberk (Seisenberg), is a town and a municipality in the Dinaric Alps of Slovenia, located southeast of the Slovenian capital of Ljubljana.

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Županja

Županja is a town in eastern Slavonia, Croatia, located 254 km east of Zagreb.

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Bač Fortress

Bač Fortress (Бачка тврђава, Bačka tvrđava is a medieval fortress in Serbia, Vojvodina. It is located in the town of Bač, in the Bačka region. Founded by the king Charles Robert I, the fortress was the most important Hungarian rampart against the invading Ottoman forces and today is the best preserved medieval fort in Vojvodina.

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Bač, Serbia

Bač (Бач) is a town and municipality located in the South Bačka District of the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia.

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Bačka

Bačka (Бачка / Bačka,; Bácska) is a geographical and historical area within the Pannonian Plain bordered by the river Danube to the west and south, and by the river Tisza to the east.

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Bačka Palanka

Bačka Palanka (Бачка Паланка) is a town and municipality located in the South Bačka District of the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia.

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Bačko Gradište

Bačko Gradište (Бачко Градиште,; Bácsföldvár,; Feldwar in der Batschau) is a village located in the Bečej municipality, in the South Bačka District of Serbia.

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Baška (Frýdek-Místek District)

Baška is a municipality in Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic.

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Bażanowice

Bażanowice is a village in Gmina Goleszów, Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland, close to the border with the Czech Republic.

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Babelsberg

Babelsberg is the largest district of Potsdam, the capital city of the German state of Brandenburg.

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Babice, Oświęcim County

Babice is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Oświęcim, within Oświęcim County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland.

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Bad Bleiberg

Bad Bleiberg (Plajberk pri Beljaku) is a market town in the district of Villach-Land, in Carinthia, Austria.

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Bad Kreuznach

Bad Kreuznach is a town in the Bad Kreuznach district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

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Bad Sankt Leonhard im Lavanttal

Bad Sankt Leonhard im Lavanttal (Sveti Lenart v Labotu) is a spa town in the district of Wolfsberg in the Austrian state of Carinthia.

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Bait and bleed

Bait and bleed is a military strategy described by international relations theorist John J. Mearsheimer in his book on offensive realism, The Tragedy of Great Power Politics.

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Baja, Hungary

Baja is a city in Bács-Kiskun, southern Hungary.

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Bajo Pivljanin

Bajo Pivljanin (Бајо Пивљанин – 7 May 1685) was a hajduk commander mostly active in the Ottoman territories of Herzegovina and southern Dalmatia.

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Bajrakli Mosque, Belgrade

The Bajrakli Mosque (/ Bajrakli džamija; named in Turkish as Bayraklı, bayrak is Turkish for "flag" and Bayraklı means "with flag") is a mosque in Belgrade, the capital of Serbia.

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Balilla

Balilla was the nickname of Giovanni Battista Perasso, a Genoese boy who started the revolt of 1746 against the Habsburg forces that occupied the city in the War of the Austrian Succession by throwing a stone at an Austrian official.

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Balog de Manko Bük

Balogh von Mankobük or Balog de Manko Bück in its present Germanized form, mankóbüki Balogh in Hungarian, is a noble family from the Habsburg Monarchy, originally from the region of Sopron/Ödenburg, which belongs to the historical Hungarian nobility.

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Ban (title)

Ban was a noble title used in several states in Central and Southeastern Europe between the 7th century and the 20th century.

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Ban of Croatia

Ban of Croatia (Croatian: Hrvatski ban; horvát bán) was the title of local rulers or office holders and after 1102 viceroys of Croatia.

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Banat

The Banat is a geographical and historical region in Central Europe that is currently divided among three countries: the eastern part lies in western Romania (the counties of Timiș, Caraș-Severin, Arad south of the Körös/Criș river, and the western part of Mehedinți); the western part in northeastern Serbia (mostly included in Vojvodina, except a part included in the Belgrade Region); and a small northern part lies within southeastern Hungary (Csongrád county).

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Banat Bulgarians

The Banat Bulgarians (Banat Bulgarian: Palćene or Banátsći balgare; common Банатски българи, Banatski balgari; Bulgari bănățeni; Банатски Бугари, Banatski Bugari) are a distinct Bulgarian minority group which settled in the 18th century in the region of the Banat, which was then ruled by the Habsburgs and after World War I was divided between Romania, Serbia, and Hungary.

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Banat Military Frontier

The Banat Military Frontier or simply Banat Frontier (Банатска крајина/Banatska krajina) was a district of the Habsburg Monarchy's Military Frontier located in the Banat region.

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Banat of Temeswar

The Banat of Temeswar or Banat of Temes was a Habsburg province that existed between 1718 and 1778.

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Banat Republic

The Banat Republic (Banater Republik, Bánáti Köztársaság or Bánsági Köztársaság, Republica bănățeană or Republica Banatului, Банатска република., Banatska republika) was a short-lived state proclaimed in Timișoara in November 1918, shortly after the dissolution of Austria-Hungary.

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Banatska Topola

Banatska Topola (Банатска Топола) is a village in the Kikinda municipality, in the North Banat District of the Republic of Serbia.

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Banatski Brestovac

Banatski Brestovac is a village located in the Municipality of Pančevo, in the South Banat District of Serbia.

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Banatsko Novo Selo

Banatsko Novo Selo (Банатско Ново Село) is a village in northern Serbia, situated in the municipality of Pančevo, South Banat District, Vojvodina province.

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Bankipur (Bengal)

--> Bankipur was an ancient village on the Hugli river located in what is now West Bengal, north of Barrackpore, a little north of Ishapore.

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Baranya (region)

Baranya or Baranja (Baranya,; Baranja,; Branau, Барања/Baranja) is a geographical region between the Danube and the Drava rivers.

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Baranya County (former)

Baranya (Baranya, Baranja, Барања, Branau) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary.

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Barthélemy Catherine Joubert

Barthélemy Catherine Joubert (14 April 1769 – 15 August 1799) was a French general.

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Barthélemy Louis Joseph Schérer

Barthélemy Louis Joseph Schérer (18 December 1747 – 19 August 1804), born in Delle, near Belfort, became a French general during the French Revolutionary Wars and on three occasions led armies in battle.

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Bartholomeus Strobel

Bartholomeus Strobel the Younger or Bartholomäus in German or Bartlomiej in Polish (11 April 1591 (baptised) – after 1650) was a Baroque painter from Silesia, who worked in Prague, Silesia, and finally Poland, where he emigrated to escape the disruption of the Thirty Years War.

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Bartovice

Bartovice (Bartowice, Bartelsdorf) is a part of the city of Ostrava, Moravian-Silesian Region in the Czech Republic.

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Bassano 1796 Campaign Order of Battle

In the Battle of Bassano on 8 September 1796, Napoleon Bonaparte and his French Army of Italy routed an Austrian army led by Dagobert Sigmund von Wurmser.

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Battle of Aldenhoven (1793)

The Battle of Aldenhoven (1 March 1793) saw the Habsburg Austrian army commanded by Prince Josias of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld attack a Republican French force under René Joseph de Lanoue.

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Battle of Aldenhoven (1794)

The Battle of Aldenhoven or Battle of the Roer (2 October 1794) saw a Republican French army commanded by Jean Baptiste Jourdan attack a Habsburg Austrian army under François Sébastien Charles Joseph de Croix, Count of Clerfayt which was defending the line of the Roer River.

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Battle of Altenkirchen

The Battle of Altenkirchen (4 June 1796) saw two Republican French divisions commanded by Jean Baptiste Kléber attack a wing of the Habsburg Austrian army led by Duke Ferdinand Frederick Augustus of Württemberg.

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Battle of Amberg

The Battle of Amberg, fought on 24 August 1796, resulted in an Austrian victory by Archduke Charles over a French army led by Jean-Baptiste Jourdan.

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Battle of Ampfing (1800)

At the Battle of Ampfing on 1 December 1800, Paul Grenier's two divisions of the First French Republic opposed against the Austrian army southwest of the town of Ampfing during the French Revolutionary Wars.

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Battle of Amsteg

The Battle of Amsteg (14–16 August 1799) saw a Republican French division under General of Division Claude Lecourbe face a brigade of Habsburg Austrian soldiers led by General-major Joseph Anton von Simbschen.

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Battle of Amstetten

The Battle of Amstetten was a minor engagement during the War of the Third Coalition between the First French Empire and the alliance of Austria and Russia.

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Battle of Arcole

The Battle of Arcole or Battle of Arcola (15–17 November 1796) was a battle fought between French and Austrian forces southeast of Verona during the War of the First Coalition, a part of the French Revolutionary Wars.

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Battle of Arlon (1793)

The Battle of Arlon (9 June 1793) saw a French Republican force under the command of Amable Henri Delaage face a Habsburg Austrian force led by Gottfried von Schröder.

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Battle of Banja Luka

The Battle of Banja Luka (Banaluka Savaşı, Banjalučki boj) was a battle in which the Ottoman Empire, led by Hekimoğlu Ali Pasha, defeated Austria.

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Battle of Bassano

The Battle of Bassano was fought on 8 September 1796, during the French Revolutionary Wars, in the territory of the Republic of Venice, between a French army under Napoleon Bonaparte and Austrian forces led by Count Dagobert von Wurmser.

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Battle of Biberach (1796)

The Battle of Biberach was fought on 2 October 1796 between a First French Republic army led by Jean Victor Marie Moreau and a Habsburg Austrian army led by Maximilian Anton Karl, Count Baillet de Latour.

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Battle of Biberach (1800)

The Battle of Biberach on 9 May 1800 saw a French First Republic corps under Laurent Gouvion Saint-Cyr engage part of a Habsburg Austrian army led by Pál Kray.

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Battle of Biskupice

The Battle of Biskupice (Püspöki csata, Schlacht bei Bischdorf, Bitka pri Biskupiciach) was a battle between the Kurucs (Hungarians) and the Danish auxiliaries of the Habsburg army in April 21, 1704.

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Battle of Bitonto

The Battle of Bitonto (25 May 1734) was a Spanish victory over Austrian forces near Bitonto in the Kingdom of Naples (in southern Italy) in the War of Polish Succession.

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Battle of Blenheim

The Battle of Blenheim (German:Zweite Schlacht bei Höchstädt; French Bataille de Höchstädt), fought on 13 August 1704, was a major battle of the War of the Spanish Succession.

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Battle of Borghetto

The Battle of Borghetto, near Valeggio sul Mincio in the Veneto of northern Italy, took place during the War of the First Coalition, part of the French Revolutionary Wars.

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Battle of Brașov

The Battle of Braşov (Schlacht bei Kronstadt; brassói csata) was fought on July 17, 1603, between the troops of Wallachia led by Radu Șerban and the Habsburg Empire on one side and the Transylvanian troops led by Mózes Székely on the other side.

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Battle of Breslau (1757)

The Battle of Breslau (also known as the Battle on the Lohe) was a battle fought on 22 November 1757 during the Third Silesian War (part of the Seven Years' War).

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Battle of Brest (1592)

The Battle of Brest (Bitka kod Bresta) was fought on 19 July 1592 between the Ottoman forces of Hasan Pasha Predojević, Beglerbeg of Bosnia, and the Germanic and Croatian forces led by Thomas Erdődy, Ban of Croatia.

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Battle of Burkersdorf

The Battle of Burkersdorf was a battle fought on 21 July 1762 during the Third Silesian War (part of the Seven Years' War).

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Battle of Caesar's Camp

The Battle of Caesar's Camp (7 August 1793) saw the Coalition army led by Prince Josias of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld try to surround a Republican French army under Charles Edward Jennings de Kilmaine.

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Battle of Caldiero (1796)

In the Battle of Caldiero on 12 November 1796, a Habsburg Austrian army led by Jozsef Alvinczi fought a First French Republic army commanded by Napoleon Bonaparte.

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Battle of Caldiero (1805)

The Battle of Caldiero took place on 30 October 1805, pitting the French Armée d'Italie under Marshal André Masséna against an Austrian army under the command of Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen.

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Battle of Calliano

The Battle of Calliano on 6 and 7 November 1796 saw an Austrian corps commanded by Paul Davidovich rout a French division directed by Claude Belgrand de Vaubois.

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Battle of Campo Santo

The Battle of Campo Santo was fought in Campo Santo, Italy on 8 February 1743 between Spain and Austria, as part of the War of the Austrian Succession.

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Battle of Cassano (1705)

The Battle of Cassano took place at the town of Cassano d'Adda in Lombardy, Italy on 16 August 1705 during the War of the Spanish Succession between a French-led force commanded by the duc de Vendôme and an Imperial army under Prince Eugene of Savoy.

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Battle of Cassano (1799)

The Battle of Cassano d'Adda was fought on 27 April 1799 near Cassano d'Adda, about ENE of Milan.

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Battle of Castiglione

The Battle of Castiglione saw the French Army of Italy under General Napoleon Bonaparte attack an army of Habsburg Austria led by Feldmarschall Dagobert Sigmund von Wurmser on 5 August 1796.

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Battle of Cecora (1620)

The Battle of Cecora (also known as the Battle of Ţuţora/Tsetsora Fields) was a battle between the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (aided by rebel Moldavian troops) and Ottoman forces (backed by Nogais), fought from 17 September to 7 October 1620 in Moldavia, near the Prut River.

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Battle of Cenei

The Battle of Cenei (1696) was a battle in the Banat of Temeswar (Timișoara/Temeshvar) between the Ottoman Empire and the Habsburg Empire.

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Battle of Chotusitz

The Battle of Chotusitz, or Chotusice, sometimes called the Battle of Czaslau, was fought on May 17, 1742, in Bohemia between the Austrians under Prince Charles Alexander of Lorraine and the Prussians under Frederick the Great.

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Battle of Clausen

The Battle of Clausen (or Klausen) was fought on 20 October 1735 near the town of Klausen (usually spelled in histories with 'C' instead of 'K'), which was then in the Electorate of Trier and part of the Holy Roman Empire, and is now in the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate.

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Battle of Courtrai (1794)

The 2nd Battle of Courtrai (10–12 May 1794) occurred during the War of the First Coalition near Kortrijk, Belgium, located about west of Brussels.

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Battle of Culloden

The Battle of Culloden (Blàr Chùil Lodair) was the final confrontation of the Jacobite rising of 1745.

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Battle of Denain

The Battle of Denain was fought on 24 July 1712, as part of the War of the Spanish Succession.

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Battle of Dettingen

The Battle of Dettingen (Schlacht bei Dettingen) took place on 27 June 1743 at Dettingen on the River Main, Germany, during the War of the Austrian Succession.

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Battle of Diersheim (1797)

The Battle of Diersheim (20–21 April 1797) saw a First French Republic army led by Jean Victor Marie Moreau clash with a Habsburg Austrian army commanded by Anton Count Sztáray de Nagy-Mihaly.

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Battle of Domstadtl

The Battle of Domstadtl, also spelled Domstadt, Czech Domašov, was a battle between Habsburg Monarchy and Kingdom of Prussia at a Moravian village Domašov nad Bystřicí during the Third Silesian War (part of the Seven Years' War) on 30 June 1758, preceded by a minor clash at Guntramovice (Gundersdorf) on 28 June.

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Battle of Emmendingen

At the Battle of Emmendingen, on 19 October 1796, the French Army of Rhin-et-Moselle under Jean Victor Marie Moreau fought the First Coalition Army of the Upper Rhine commanded by Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen.

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Battle of Engen

The Battle of Engen was fought between France and Austria on 3 May 1800 as a part of the 1800 campaigns of the French Revolutionary Wars.

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Battle of Epierre

The Battle of Epierre (15 September 1793) was part of a larger War of the First Coalition campaign that pitted a Republican French army led by François Christophe de Kellermann against a numerically stronger Kingdom of Sardinia-Piedmont army commanded by the Prince Maurizio, Duke of Montferrat.

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Battle of Erbach

The Battle of Erbach was a battle of the French Revolutionary Wars fought on May 15, 1800.

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Battle of Erquelinnes

The Battle of Erquelinnes or Battle of Péchant This source gave the two names of the battle.

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Battle of Ettlingen

The Battle of Ettlingen or Battle of Malsch (9 July 1796) was fought during the French Revolutionary Wars between the armies of the First French Republic and Habsburg Austria near the town of Malsch, southwest of Ettlingen.

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Battle of Feldkirch

The Battle of Feldkirch (23 March 1799) saw a Republican French corps led by André Masséna attack a weaker Habsburg Austrian force under Franz Jellacic.

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Battle of Fleurus (1794)

The Battle of Fleurus, on 26 June 1794, was an engagement between the army of the First French Republic, under General Jean-Baptiste Jourdan and the Coalition Army (Britain, Hanover, Dutch Republic, and Habsburg Monarchy), commanded by Prince Josias of Coburg, in the most significant battle of the Flanders Campaign in the Low Countries during the French Revolutionary Wars.

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Battle of Focșani

The Battle of Focşani (also Battle of Fokschani or Battle of Focsani; Foksányi csata) was a battle in the Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792) fought on 1 August 1789 between the Ottoman Empire and the alliance of the Russian Empire and the Habsburg Monarchy near Focșani, Moldavia (now in Romania).

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Battle of Fombio

The Battle of Fombio was fought between the French Army of Italy led by Napoleon Bonaparte and the Austrian army under Feldzeugmeister Johann Peter Beaulieu between 7 and 9 May 1796.

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Battle of Freiberg

The Battle of Freiberg was fought on 29 October 1762 and was the last great battle of the Third Silesian War (and of the wider Seven Years' War).

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Battle of Friedberg (Bavaria)

The Battle of Friedberg was fought on 24 August 1796 between a First French Republic army led by Jean Victor Marie Moreau and a Habsburg Austrian army led by Maximilian Anton Karl, Count Baillet de Latour.

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Battle of Froeschwiller (1793)

The Battle of Froeschwiller (18–22 December 1793) saw Republican French armies led by Lazare Hoche and Charles Pichegru attack a Habsburg Austrian army commanded by Dagobert Sigmund von Wurmser.

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Battle of Günzburg

The Battle of Günzburg on 9 October 1805 saw General of Division Jean-Pierre Firmin Malher's French division attempt to seize a crossing over the Danube River at Günzburg in the face of a Habsburg Austrian army led by Feldmarschall-Leutnant Karl Mack von Lieberich.

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Battle of Genola

The Battle of Genola or Battle of Fossano (4 November 1799) was a meeting engagement between a Habsburg Austrian army commanded by Michael von Melas and a Republican French army under Jean Étienne Championnet.

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Battle of Giurgiu

The Battle of Giurgiu took place on 27–30 October 1595.

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Battle of Gosselies

The Battle of Gosselies or Battle of Charleroi (30 May – 3 June 1794) saw a Republican French army co-commanded by Jacques Desjardin and Louis Charbonnier try to cross the Sambre River against a joint Dutch and Habsburg Austrian army under William, Hereditary Prince of Orange.

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Battle of Grandreng

The Battle of Grandreng or Battle of Rouvroi Smith provided the battle's name.

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Battle of Grocka

The Battle of Grocka, also known as Battle of Krotzka, (Hisarcık Savaşı) was fought between Austria and the Ottoman Empire on July 21–22, 1739, in Grocka, Belgrade.

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Battle of Guastalla

The Battle of Guastalla or Battle of Luzzara was a battle fought on 19 September 1734 between Franco-Sardinian and Austrian (Habsburg) troops as part of the War of the Polish Succession.

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Battle of Guruslău

The Battle of Guruslău (in Goroszló; Battle of Goroszló) was fought on 3 August 1601, between the troops of the Habsburg Empire led by Giorgio Basta, the Cossacks and Wallachia led by Michael the Brave on one side and the Transylvanian troops led by Sigismund Báthory on the other side.

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Battle of Haguenau (1793)

The Battle of Haguenau (18 November – 22 December 1793) saw a Republican French army commanded by Jean-Charles Pichegru mount a persistent offensive against a Coalition army under Dagobert Sigmund von Wurmser during the War of the First Coalition.

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Battle of Handschuhsheim

The Battle of Handschuhsheim or Battle of Heidelberg (24 September 1795) saw an 8,000-man force from Habsburg Austria under Peter Vitus von Quosdanovich face 12,000 men from the Republican French army led by Georges Joseph Dufour.

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Battle of Hastenbeck

The Battle of Hastenbeck (26 July 1757) was fought as part of the Invasion of Hanover during the Seven Years' War between the allied forces of Hanover, Hesse-Kassel (or Hesse-Cassel) and Brunswick, and the French.

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Battle of Höchst (1795)

At the Battle of Höchst (11–12 October 1795), the Habsburg Austrian army commanded by François Sébastien Charles Joseph de Croix, Count of Clerfayt outmaneuvered the French Republican Army of Sambre-et-Meuse commanded by Jean-Baptiste Jourdan.

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Battle of Höchstädt (1800)

The Battle of Höchstädt was fought on 19 June 1800 on the north bank of the Danube near Höchstädt, and resulted in a French victory under General Jean Victor Marie Moreau against the Austrians under Baron Pál Kray.

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Battle of Hochkirch

The Battle of Hochkirch took place on 14 October 1758 during the Third Silesian War (part of the Seven Years' War).

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Battle of Hohenfriedberg

The Battle of Hohenfriedberg or Hohenfriedeberg, now Dobromierz, also known as the Battle of Striegau, now Strzegom, was one of Frederick the Great's most admired victories.

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Battle of Hohenlinden

The Battle of Hohenlinden was fought on 3 December 1800, during the French Revolutionary Wars.

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Battle of Hoyerswerda

The Battle of Hoyerswerda was a minor encounter of September 9, 1759 during the Third Silesian War (part of the Seven Years' War) between Prussian and Austrian forces.

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Battle of Jemappes

The Battle of Jemappes (6 November 1792) took place near the town of Jemappes in Hainaut, Belgium, near Mons during the War of the First Coalition, part of the French Revolutionary Wars.

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Battle of Kaiserslautern (1794)

The Battle of Kaiserslautern (23 May 1794) saw an army from the Kingdom of Prussia and Electoral Saxony led by Wichard Joachim Heinrich von Möllendorf fall upon a single French Republican division under Jean-Jacques Ambert from the Army of the Moselle.

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Battle of Karánsebes

The Battle of Karánsebes (Caransebeș, Şebeş Muharebesi) was a friendly fire incident in the Austrian army, recorded as having occurred during the night of 21–22 September 1788, during the Austro–Turkish War of 1787–1791.

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Battle of Köbölkút

The Battle of Köbölkút (Gbelce) was fought on August 5, 1663 as part of the Austro-Turkish War (1663–1664), between a Habsburg army and an Ottoman army under the command of Grand Vizier Köprülü Fazıl Ahmed.

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Battle of Kehl (1796)

During the Battle of Kehl (23–24 June 1796), a Republican French force under the direction of Jean Charles Abbatucci mounted an amphibious crossing of the Rhine River against a defending force of soldiers from the Swabian Circle.

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Battle of Keresztes

The Battle of Keresztes (Also known as the Battle of Mezőkeresztes) (Haçova Muharebesi) took place on 24–26 October 1596.

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Battle of Kesselsdorf

The Battle of Kesselsdorf was fought on 15 December 1745, between the Kingdom of Prussia and the combined forces of the Archduchy of Austria and the Electorate of Saxony during the part of the War of the Austrian Succession known as the Second Silesian War.

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Battle of Kircheib

The Battle of Kircheib (Schlacht bei Kircheib) was a military engagement during the War of the First Coalition.

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Battle of Klis (1596)

The Battle for Klis was a battle Venetian irregulars from Split supported with Uskoks and relief forces of Habsburg and Venetian Empire on one side and Ottoman garrison on another, over the control of fortress of Klis.

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Battle of Kolín

The Battle of Kolín on 18 June 1757 saw 44,000 Austrians under Count von Daun defeat 32,000 Prussians under Frederick the Great during the Third Silesian War (Seven Years' War).

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Battle of Koroncó

The Battle of Koroncó took place on 13 June 1704 at Koroncó in Moson County, Hungary between the Kurucs (Hungarians) and the army of Habsburg Empire (Germans, Danes, Serbs, Croats).

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Battle of Kunersdorf

The decisive Battle of Kunersdorf occurred on 12 August 1759 near Kunersdorf (Kunowice), immediately east of Frankfurt an der Oder (the second largest city in Prussia).

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Battle of Lambusart

The Battle of Lambusart (12–16 June 1794) saw a Republican French army led by Jean Baptiste Jourdan try to cross the Sambre River against a combined Dutch and Habsburg Austrian army under William, Hereditary Prince of Orange.

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Battle of Landeshut (1760)

The Battle of Landeshut was an engagement fought on 23 June 1760 during the Third Silesian War (part of the Seven Years' War).

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Battle of Lauffeld

The Battle of Lauffeld, also known as Lafelt, Laffeld, Lawfeld, Lawfeldt, Maastricht or Val, took place on 2 July 1747, during the French invasion of the Netherlands.

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Battle of Le Cateau (1794)

The Battle of Le Cateau (29 March 1794) took place at the start of the 1794 Flanders Campaign during the War of the First Coalition, part of the French Revolutionary Wars.

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Battle of Leobersdorf

The Battle of Leobersdorf was a battle fought near Leobersdorf on 19 September 1532, as part of the Habsburg-Ottoman War (1526–1552).

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Battle of Leuthen

The Battle of Leuthen was fought on 5 December 1757, at which Frederick the Great's Prussian army used maneuver and terrain to decisively defeat a much larger Austrian force commanded by Prince Charles of Lorraine and Count Leopold Joseph von Daun.

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Battle of Limburg (1796)

Sometimes called the Battle of Limburg or Second Battle of Altenkirchen or Battle of the Lahn (16–19 September 1796), this was actually a single-day battle followed by a lengthy rear-guard action.

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Battle of Linth River

The Battle of Linth River (25–26 September 1799) saw a Republican French division under General of Division Jean-de-Dieu Soult face a force of Habsburg Austrian, Imperial Russian, and Swiss soldiers led by Feldmarschall-Leutnant Friedrich Freiherr von Hotze in Switzerland.

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Battle of Lobositz

The Battle of Lobositz or Lovosice also Lowositz on 1 October 1756 was the opening land battle of the Third Silesian War and the wider Seven Years' War.

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Battle of Lodi

The Battle of Lodi was fought on 10 May 1796 between French forces under Napoleon Bonaparte and an Austrian rear guard led by Karl Philipp Sebottendorf at Lodi, Lombardy.

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Battle of Lonato

The Battle of Lonato was fought on 3 and 4 August 1796 between the French Army of Italy under General Napoleon Bonaparte and a corps-sized Austrian column led by Lieutenant General Peter Quasdanovich.

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Battle of Magnano

In the Battle of Magnano on 5 April 1799, an Austrian army commanded by Pál Kray defeated a French army led by Barthélemy Schérer.

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Battle of Mainz

The Battle of Mainz (29 October 1795) saw a Habsburg Austrian army led by François Sebastien Charles Joseph de Croix, Count of Clerfayt launch a surprise assault against four divisions of the French Army of Rhin-et-Moselle directed by François Ignace Schaal.

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Battle of Malplaquet

The Battle of Malplaquet was a battle of the War of the Spanish Succession, fought on 11 September 1709, which opposed the Bourbons of France and Spain against an alliance whose major members were the Habsburg Monarchy, the United Provinces, Great Britain and the Kingdom of Prussia.

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Battle of Mannheim (1799)

The Battle of Mannheim (18 September 1799) was fought between a Habsburg Austrian army commanded by Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen and a Republican French army under Jacques Léonard Muller.

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Battle of Marengo

The Battle of Marengo was fought on 14 June 1800 between French forces under Napoleon Bonaparte and Austrian forces near the city of Alessandria, in Piedmont, Italy.

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Battle of Maudach

The Battle of Maudach occurred on June 15th 1796, between the French Revolutionary Army and the Army of the First Coalition.

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Battle of Maxen

The Battle of Maxen (20 November 1759) was a battle at Maxen, Saxony in present-day Germany during the Third Silesian War (part of the Seven Years' War).

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Battle of Meissen

The Battle of Meissen (4 December 1759) was an Austrian victory over a larger Prussian army during the Third Silesian War (part of the Seven Years' War).

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Battle of Messkirch

The Battle of Messkirch was fought on 4 and 5 May 1800 and resulted the victory of French army against the Austrians.

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Battle of Millesimo

The Battle of Millesimo, fought on 13 and 14 April 1796, was the name that Napoleon Bonaparte gave in his correspondence to one of a series of small battles that were fought in Liguria, Northern Italy between the armies of France and the allied armies of Austria and of the Kingdom of Sardinia-Piedmont.

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Battle of Mirăslău

The Battle of Mirăslău or Battle of Miriszló took place on September 18, 1600 near Miriszló (Mirăslău), Transylvania, between the Wallachian troops led by Michael the Brave supported by ethnic Hungarian Szeklers and the troops of Austrian general Giorgio Basta supported by the Hungarian nobility of Transylvania.

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Battle of Modena (1799)

The Battle of Modena (12 June 1799) saw a Republican French army commanded by Jacques MacDonald attack a Habsburg Austrian covering force led by Prince Friedrich Franz Xaver of Hohenzollern-Hechingen.

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Battle of Mohács

The Battle of Mohács (Mohácsi csata, Mohaç Meydan Muharebesi) was one of the most consequential battles in Central European history.

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Battle of Mohács (1687)

The Second Battle of Mohács, also known as the Battle of Harsány Mountain, was fought on 12 August 1687 between the forces of Ottoman Sultan Mehmed IV, commanded by the Grand-Vizier Sari Süleyman Paşa, and the forces of Holy Roman Emperor Leopold I, commanded by Charles of Lorraine.

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Battle of Mollwitz

The Battle of Mollwitz was fought by Prussia and Austria on 10 April 1741, during the First Silesian War (in the early stages of the War of the Austrian Succession).

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Battle of Mondovì

The Battle of Mondovì was fought on 21 April 1796 between the French army of Napoleon Bonaparte and the army of the Kingdom of Sardinia-Piedmont led by Michelangelo Alessandro Colli-Marchi.

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Battle of Montebello (1800)

The Battle of Montebello was fought on 9 June 1800 near Montebello in Lombardy.

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Battle of Montenotte

The Battle of Montenotte was fought on 12 April 1796, during the French Revolutionary Wars, between the French army under General Napoleon Bonaparte and an Austrian corps under Count Eugène-Guillaume Argenteau.

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Battle of Mouscron

The Battle of Mouscron (26–30 April 1794) was a series of clashes that occurred when the Republican French Army of the North under Jean-Charles Pichegru moved northeast to attack Menen (Menin) and was opposed by Coalition forces under the overall leadership of François Sébastien Charles Joseph de Croix, Count of Clerfayt.

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Battle of Moys

The Battle of Moys was a battle fought on 7 September 1757 during the Third Silesian War (part of the Seven Years' War).

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Battle of Nagysalló

The Battle of Nagysalló was fought on 19 April 1849, was one of the battles of the Spring Campaign in the Hungarian War of Independence from 1848–1849, fought between the Habsburg Empire and the Hungarian Revolutionary Army.

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Battle of Neerwinden (1793)

The Second Battle of Neerwinden (18 March 1793) saw a Republican French army led by Charles François Dumouriez attack a Coalition army commanded by Prince Josias of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld.

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Battle of Neresheim

The Battle of Neresheim (11 August 1796) saw a victory of Republican French army under Jean Victor Marie Moreau over the Habsburg Austrian army of Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen.

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Battle of Neuburg (1800)

The Battle of Neuburg occurred on 27 June 1800 in the south German state of Bavaria, on the southern bank of the Danube river.

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Battle of Neuwied (1797)

The Battle of Neuwied (18 April 1797) saw Lazare Hoche lead part of the French Army of Sambre-et-Meuse against Franz von Werneck's Austrian army.

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Battle of Novi (1799)

The Battle of Novi (15 August 1799) saw a combined army of Habsburg Austrians and Imperial Russians under Field Marshal Alexander Suvorov attack a Republican French army under General Barthélemy Catherine Joubert.

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Battle of Oberwald

Battle of Oberwald occurred on 13–14 August 1799 between French forces commanded by General of Division Jean Victor Tharreau and elements of Prince Rohan's corps in southern Switzerland.

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Battle of Oldendorf

The Battle of Oldendorf (Schlacht bei Hessisch-Oldendorf Schattkowsky (2003), p.241) on 8 July 1633 was fought as part of the Thirty Years' War between the Swedish Empire and the Holy Roman Empire near Hessisch-Oldendorf, Lower Saxony, Germany.

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Battle of Ostrach

The Battle of Ostrach, also called the Battle by Ostrach, occurred on 20–21 March 1799.

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Battle of Pákozd

The Battle of Pákozd (or Battle of Sukoró) was a battle in the Hungarian Revolution of 1848, fought on the 29 September 1848 in the Pákozd – Sukoró – Pátka triangle.

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Battle of Párkány

The Battle of Párkány (Ciğerdelen Savaşı) (October 7–9, 1683) was a battle fought in the town of Párkány (today: Štúrovo), in the Ottoman Empire, and the area surrounding it as part of the Polish-Ottoman War and the Great Turkish War.

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Battle of Peterswalde

The Prussian Bohemia Incursion was a military campaign led by the Prince Henry of Prussia during the Third Silesian War (part of the Seven Years' War), to disrupt the Austrian military capacity by launching incursions against its military infrastructure in Bohemia.

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Battle of Petrovaradin

The Battle of Petrovaradin or Peterwardein was a decisive victory for the Imperial Army of the Holy Roman Emperor in the war between the Archduchy of Austria of the Holy Roman Empire and the Ottoman Empire (1716–1718), at Petrovaradin (then part of Military Frontier, Archduchy of Austria; today part of Novi Sad, Vojvodina, Serbia).

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Battle of Pfeddersheim (1795)

The Battle of Pfeddersheim or Battle of the Pfrimm (10 November 1795) saw a Habsburg Austrian army led by François Sébastien Charles Joseph de Croix, Count of Clerfayt attack a Republican French army under Jean-Charles Pichegru.

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Battle of Piacenza

The Battle of Piacenza was fought between a Franco-Spanish army and the Austrian army near Piacenza, in Northern Italy on June 16, 1746.

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Battle of Pozzolo

The Battle of Pozzolo (also known as the Battle of the Mincio River, and Monzambano) was fought on 25 December 1800 and resulted the difficult victory of French under General Brune against Austrians under General Bellegarde.

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Battle of Prague (1648)

The Battle of Prague, which occurred between 25 July and 1 November 1648 was the last action of the Thirty Years' War.

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Battle of Prague (1757)

In the Battle of Prague or Battle of Štěrboholy, fought on 6 May 1757 during the Third Silesian War (Seven Years' War), Frederick the Great's 67,000 Prussians forced 60,000 Austrians to retreat, but having lost 14,300 men, decided he was not strong enough to attack Prague.

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Battle of Radzymin (1809)

The Battle of Radzymin took place on April 25, 1809 during the brief Polish–Austrian War.

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Battle of Raismes (1793)

The Battle of Raismes (also known as the Battle of Condé or St. Amand) took place on 8 May 1793, during the Flanders Campaign of the Wars of the French Revolution, between the French Republican army of the Marquis de Dampierre and the Allied Coalition army of the Prince of Saxe-Coburg, and resulted in an Allied Victory.

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Battle of Rastatt (1796)

The Battle of Rastatt (5 July 1796) saw part of a Republican French army under Jean Victor Marie Moreau clash with elements of a Habsburg Austrian army under Maximilian Anton Karl, Count Baillet de Latour which were defending the line of the Murg River.

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Battle of Reichenberg

The Battle of Reichenberg was a battle of the Third Silesian War (part of the Seven Years' War), fought on 21 April 1757 near the town of Reichenberg (Czech: Liberec) in Bohemia.

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Battle of Rivoli

The Battle of Rivoli (14–15 January 1797) was a key victory in the French campaign in Italy against Austria.

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Battle of Rocoux

The Battle of Rocoux (11 October 1746) was a French victory over an allied Austrian, British, Hanoveran and Dutch army in Rocourt (or Rocoux), outside Liège during War of the Austrian Succession.

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Battle of Rossbach

The Battle of Rossbach took place on 5 November 1757 during the Third Silesian War (1756–1763, part of the Seven Years' War) near the village of Rossbach (Roßbach), in the Electorate of Saxony.

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Battle of Rovereto

In the Battle of Rovereto (also Battle of Roveredo) on 4 September 1796 a French army commanded by Napoleon Bonaparte defeated an Austrian corps led by Paul Davidovich during the War of the First Coalition, part of the French Revolutionary Wars.

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Battle of Rymnik

The Battle of Râmnic (Boze Savaşı) on September 22, 1789 took place in Wallachia, near Râmnicu Sărat (now in Romania), during the Russo-Turkish War of 1787-1792.

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Battle of Saint Gotthard (1664)

The Battle of Saint Gotthard (Szentgotthárdi csata; Saint Gotthard Muharebesi; Schlacht bei Mogersdorf and Schlacht bei St.; Bataille de Saint-Gothard) was fought on August 1, 1664 as part of the Austro-Turkish War (1663–1664), between an Habsburg army led by Raimondo Montecuccoli, Jean de Coligny-Saligny, Wolfgang Julius, Count of Hohenlohe-Neuenstein, Prince Leopold of Baden, Georg Friedrich of Waldeck and an Ottoman army under the command of Köprülü Fazıl Ahmed Paşa.

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Battle of Saint Gotthard (1705)

Battle of Saint Gotthard was fought on December 13, 1705 between a Hungarian (Kuruc) army led by János Bottyán and an Austrian-Croatian-Serbian combined army under the command of Hannibal von Heister.

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Battle of San Pietro

The Battle of San Pietro, also known as the Battle of Crocetta or the Battle of Parma was a battle fought on June 29, 1734, between troops of France and Sardinia on one side, and Habsburg Austrian troops on the other, as part of the War of Polish Succession, between the village of La Crocetta and the city of Parma, then in the Duchy of Parma.

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Battle of Saorgio

The Battle of Saorgio was fought from 24 to 28 April 1794 between a French First Republic army commanded by Pierre Jadart Dumerbion and the armies of the Kingdom of Sardinia-Piedmont and the Habsburg Monarchy led by Joseph Nikolaus De Vins.

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Battle of Saorgio (1793)

The First Battle of Saorgio (8–12 June 1793) saw a Republican French army commanded by Gaspard Jean-Baptiste Brunet attack the armies of the Kingdom of Sardinia-Piedmont and Habsburg Austria led by Joseph Nikolaus De Vins.

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Battle of Sassello

The battle of Sassello was a minor skirmish during the war of the Second Coalition, fought on 10 April 1800 between a 2,000-men French force under General Jean-de-Dieu Soult and a largely superior Austrian corps under the command of Prince Prince Hohenzollern.

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Battle of Schellenberg

The Battle of Schellenberg, also known as the Battle of Donauwörth, was fought on 2 July 1704 during the War of the Spanish Succession.

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Battle of Schleiz

The Battle of Schleiz took place on October 9, 1806 in Schleiz, Germany between a Prussian-Saxon division under Bogislav Friedrich Emanuel von Tauentzien and a part of Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte's I Corps under the command of Jean-Baptiste Drouet, Comte d'Erlon.

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Battle of Schliengen

At the Battle of Schliengen (24 October 1796), both the French Army of the Rhine and Moselle under the command of Jean-Victor Moreau and the Austrian army under the command of Archduke Charles of Austria claimed victories.

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Battle of Schwechat

The Battle of Schwechat was a battle in the Hungarian Revolution of 1848, fought on 30 October 1848 between the revolutionary Hungarian Army against the army of the Austrian Empire, in Schwechat, near Vienna.

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Battle of Schwyz

Battle of Schwyz im Muttenthal occurred on 14–15 August 1799 between French forces commanded by General of Division André Masséna and Major General von Franz Jellachich's brigade.

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Battle of Sisak

The Battle of Sisak (Bitka kod Siska; Bitka pri Sisku; Schlacht bei Sissek; Kulpa Bozgunu) was fought on 22 June 1593 between Ottoman regional forces of Telli Hasan Pasha, a notable commander (Beglerbeg) of the Eyalet of Bosnia, and a combined Christian army from the Habsburg lands, mainly Kingdom of Croatia and Inner Austria.

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Battle of Slunj

The Battle of Slunj (Bitka kod Slunja) was fought on 26 October 1584 between the Ottoman forces of the Bosnian Beglerbeg, Ferhad Pasha Sokolović, and Germanic and Croatian forces led by Jobst Joseph von Thurn and Thomas Erdődy, the Ban of Croatia, that ambushed the Ottoman army near the town of Slunj.

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Battle of Smolenice

The Battle of Smolenice (Szomolányi csata, Schlacht bei Smolenitz, Bitka pri Smoleniciach) was a battle between the Kuruc (a group of Hungarian peasants and irregular warriors), and the forces of the Habsburg Empire, soldiers of the Holy Roman Empire and auxiliaries from Denmark.

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Battle of Soor

The Battle of Soor (30 September 1745) was a battle between Frederick the Great's Prussian army and an Austro-Saxon army led by Prince Charles Alexander of Lorraine during the Second Silesian War (part of the War of the Austrian Succession).

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Battle of Sorel

The Battle of Sorel occurred on June 19, 1610, with Samuel de Champlain supported by the Kingdom of France and his allies, the Wyandot people, Algonquin people and Innu people that fought against the Mohawk people in New France at present day Sorel-Tracy, Quebec.

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Battle of Sprimont

The Battle of Sprimont, Battle of Esneux or Battle of the Ourthe was a battle between French Republican and Austrian troops on the plateau between the valleys of the Vesdre, the Ourthe and the Amblève, south of Liège.

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Battle of Stockach (1799)

The Battle of Stockach occurred on 25 March 1799, when French and Austrian armies fought for control of the geographically strategic Hegau region in present-day Baden-Württemberg.

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Battle of Stockach (1800)

The Battle of Stockach and Engen was fought on 3 May 1800 between the army of the First French Republic under Jean Victor Marie Moreau and the army of Habsburg Austria led by Pál Kray.

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Battle of Szina

The Battle of Szina or Seňa took place near Szina in the Kingdom of Hungary (present-day Seňa, in Slovakia).

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Battle of Tagliamento

The Battle of Tagliamento (16 March 1797) saw a First French Republic army led by Napoleon Bonaparte attack a Habsburg Austrian army led by Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen.

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Battle of Tarcal

The Battle of Tarcal or Battle of Tokaj (Tarcali csata) was a battle fought on 27 September 1527 near Tokaj between the Habsburg-German-Hungarian forces of Archduke Ferdinand of Austria and an opposing Hungarian army under the command of John Zápolya.

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Battle of Tarvis (1797)

In the Battle of Tarvis (21–23 March 1797) three divisions of a First French Republic army commanded by Napoleon Bonaparte attacked several columns of the retreating Habsburg Austrian army led by Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen.

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Battle of the Vosges

The Battle of the Vosges also known as the Battle of Trippstadt was fought on 13 July 1794 in eastern France in the Vosges Mountains from which it derives its name.

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Battle of Torgau

In the Battle of Torgau on 3 November 1760, King Frederick the Great's Prussian army fought a larger Austrian army under the command of Field Marshal Leopold Josef Graf Daun.

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Battle of Toulon (1744)

The naval Battle of Toulon or Battle of Cape Sicié took place on 22–23 February 1744 (N.S.)The dates of the battle were 22–23 February according to the Gregorian calendar then used by France and Spain.

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Battle of Tourcoing

The Battle of Tourcoing (18 May 1794) saw a Republican French army directed by General Joseph Souham defend against an attack by an Austrian, British, and Hanoverian Coalition army under Austrian Prince Josias of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld and Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany.

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Battle of Tournay (1792)

The Battle of Tournay (1792) was a conflict between the Archduchy of Austria and the Kingdom of France during the War of the First Coalition.

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Battle of Trebbia (1799)

The Battle of Trebbia or the Napoleonic Battle of the Trebbia (17–20 June 1799) was fought near the Trebbia River in northern Italy between the joint Russian and Habsburg Austrian army under Alexander Suvorov and the Republican French army of Jacques MacDonald.

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Battle of Turnhout (1789)

The Battle of Turnhout (27 October 1789) was a battle which took place in the town of Turnhout (today in Belgium) between Habsburg Austria and a Belgian émigré (Patriot) army commanded by Jean-André van der Mersch which had recently invaded from the nearby Dutch Republic.

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Battle of Ulaş

The Battle of Ulaş (1696) (also Ólas, Olash, Olasch, Olaschin) or Battle at the Bega River was a battle near the Bega River between the army of the Ottoman Empire under command of Mustafa II and the forces of the Habsburg Empire under command of Augustus II the Strong.

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Battle of Valmy

The Battle of Valmy was the first major victory by the army of France during the Revolutionary Wars that followed the French Revolution.

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Battle of Valvasone (1797)

The Battle of Valvasone (16 March 1797) saw a First French Republic army led by Napoleon Bonaparte attack a Habsburg Austrian army led by Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen.

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Battle of Verona (1799)

Battle of Verona on 26 March 1799 saw a Habsburg Austrian army under Pál Kray fight a First French Republic army led by Barthélemy Louis Joseph Schérer.

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Battle of Vienna

The Battle of Vienna (Schlacht am Kahlen Berge or Kahlenberg; bitwa pod Wiedniem or odsiecz wiedeńska (The Relief of Vienna); Modern Turkish: İkinci Viyana Kuşatması, Ottoman Turkish: Beç Ḳalʿası Muḥāṣarası) took place at Kahlenberg Mountain near Vienna on 1683 after the imperial city had been besieged by the Ottoman Empire for two months.

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Battle of Villaviciosa

The Battle of Villaviciosa was a battle between a Franco-Spanish, on 10 December 1710, army led by Louis Joseph, Duke of Vendôme and Philip V of Spain and a Habsburg-allied army commanded by Austrian Guido Starhemberg.

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Battle of Voltri

The Battle of Voltri was an engagement occurring on 10 April 1796 during the French Revolutionary Wars and taking place in Voltri, a suburb of Genoa, Italy.

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Battle of Wattignies

The Battle of Wattignies (15–16 October 1793) saw a Republican French army commanded by Jean-Baptiste Jourdan attack a Coalition army directed by Prince Josias of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld.

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Battle of Würzburg

The Battle of Würzburg was fought on 3 September 1796 between an army of Habsburg Austria led by Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen and an army of the First French Republic led by Jean-Baptiste Jourdan.

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Battle of Wetzlar (1796)

The Battle of Wetzlar (15 June 1796) saw a Habsburg Austrian army led by Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen launch an attack on a Republican French army under Jean-Baptiste Jourdan in its defenses on the Lahn River.

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Battle of Winterthur

The Battle of Winterthur (27 May 1799) was an important action between elements of the Army of the Danube and elements of the Habsburg army, commanded by Friedrich Freiherr von Hotze, during the War of the Second Coalition, part of the French Revolutionary Wars.

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Battle of Zenta

The Battle of Zenta or Battle of Senta, fought on 11 September 1697 just south of Zenta (Serbian: Senta; then part of the Ottoman Empire; today in Serbia), on the east side of the Tisa river, was a major engagement in the Great Turkish War (1683–1699) and one of the most decisive defeats in Ottoman history.

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Battle of Zorndorf

The Battle of Zorndorf, fought on August 25, 1758 during the Seven Years' War, was fought between Russian troops commanded by Count William Fermor and a Prussian army commanded by King Frederick the Great. The battle was tactically inconclusive, with both armies holding their ground and claiming victory.Franz A.J. Szabo. The Seven Years War in Europe: 1756–1763. Routledge. 2013. P. 167 The site of the battle was the Prussian village of Zorndorf (now Sarbinowo, Poland).

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Battle of Zsibó

Battle of Zsibó (Zsibói csata, Schlacht bei Siben, Bătălia de la Jibou) was fought on November 15, 1705 between the Kuruc (Hungarian) army (supported by French contingents) and forces of the Habsburg Empire, Kingdom of Denmark and Vojvodian Serbs in Zsibó, Principality of Transylvania (today: Jibou, Romania).

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Battle of Zusmarshausen

The Battle of Zusmarshausen was fought on 17 May 1648 between the Holy Roman Empire and Sweden and France (led by Henri de la Tour d'Auvergne, Vicomte de Turenne) in the modern Augsburg district of Bavaria, Germany.

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Battle of Zvolen (1703)

The Battle of Zvolen (Zólyomi csata, Schlacht bei Altsohl, Bitka pri Zvolenu) was a battle between the Kuruc's and the army of Habsburg Monarchy in November 15, 1703 at Zvolen in Upper Hungary (modern day Slovakia).

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Battles of the Seven Years' War

The Seven Years' War, 1754–1763, spanned five continents, affecting Europe, the Americas, West Africa, India, and the Philippines.

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Battonya

Battonya (Batanja) is a town in Békés County, in the Southern Great Plain region of south-east Hungary.

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Bavarian uprising of 1705–06

The Bavarian uprising of 1705–06 (German: Bayerische Volkserhebung, which may be translated "Bavarain people's, popular or national uprising") was a revolt against the occupation of the Electorate of Bavaria by the forces of the Austrian Habsburgs during the War of Spanish Succession (1701–14).

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Bács-Bodrog County

Bács-Bodrog County (Bács-Bodrog vármegye, Komitat Batsch-Bodrog, Bačko-bodroška županija) was the administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary from the 18th century to 1920.

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Bärweiler

Bärweiler is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Bad Kreuznach district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

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Béla Gerster

Béla Gerster (20 October 1850 - 3 August 1923) was a Hungarian engineer and canal architect.

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Béla von Kehrling

Béla von Kehrling (Kehrling Béla; 25 January 1891 – 26 April 1937) was a Hungarian tennis, table tennis, and football player but eventually a winter sportsman familiar with ice-hockey and occasionally competing in bobsleigh.

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Bündner Wirren

The Bündner Wirren (Scumbigls grischuns/Scumpigls grischuns/Sgurdins grischuns, Troubles des Grisons, Torbidi grigionesi, English: Confusion of Graubünden or Confusion of the Leagues) was a conflict that lasted between 1618 and 1639 in what is now the Swiss canton of Graubünden.

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Büren an der Aare

Büren an der Aare (usually abbreviated with Büren a.A., means Büren on the Aare) is a historic town and a municipality in the Seeland administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland.

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Băile Herculane

Băile Herculane (Aqua Herculis; Herkulesbad; Herkulesfürdő; Herkulovy Lázně, Lazarethane) is a town in Romanian Banat, in Caraș-Severin County, situated in the valley of the Cerna River, between the Mehedinți Mountains to the east and the Cerna Mountains to the west, elevation 168 meters.

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Bąków, Silesian Voivodeship

Bąków is a village in Gmina Strumień, Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland.

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Błażowa

Błażowa (בלאזשאוו) is a town in Rzeszów County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, Poland, with a population of 2,121 inhabitants (02.06.2009).

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Bładnice

Bładnice is a village in Gmina Skoczów, Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland.

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Březí (Břeclav District)

Březí (Bratelsbrunn) is a village in Břeclav District, South Moravian Region, Czech Republic.

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Bečej

Bečej (Бечеј / Bečej,, Óbecse) is a town and municipality located in the South Bačka District of the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia.

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Beška

Beška is a village in Serbia.

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Bežanija

Bežanija (Бежанија) is an urban neighborhood of Belgrade, the capital of Serbia.

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Bežigrad Grammar School

Bežigrad Gymnasium (Gimnazija Bežigrad) is a selective coeducational state secondary school for students aged between 15 and 20.

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Becherbach bei Kirn

Becherbach bei Kirn is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Bad Kreuznach district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

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Bedřich Smetana

Bedřich Smetana (2 March 1824 – 12 May 1884) was a Czech composer who pioneered the development of a musical style that became closely identified with his country's aspirations to independent statehood.

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Begaljica

Begaljica (Бегаљица) is a rural settlement in the Grocka municipality of eastern Belgrade, the capital of Serbia.

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Bela Crkva, Banat

Bela Crkva (Бела Црква, Weißkirchen, Fehértemplom, Biserica Albă) is a town and municipality located in the South Banat District of the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia.

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Belarus

Belarus (Беларусь, Biełaruś,; Беларусь, Belarus'), officially the Republic of Belarus (Рэспубліка Беларусь; Республика Беларусь), formerly known by its Russian name Byelorussia or Belorussia (Белоруссия, Byelorussiya), is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe bordered by Russia to the northeast, Ukraine to the south, Poland to the west, and Lithuania and Latvia to the northwest.

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Belgium in the long nineteenth century

The history of Belgium from 1789 to 1914, the period dubbed the "Long Nineteenth Century" by the historian Eric Hobsbawm, includes the end of Austrian rule and periods of French and Dutch occupation of the region, leading to the creation of the first independent Belgian state in 1830.

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Belgium in World War I

The history of Belgium in World War I traces Belgium's role between the German invasion in 1914, through the continued military resistance and occupation of the territory by German forces, known.

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Belgrade

Belgrade (Beograd / Београд, meaning "White city",; names in other languages) is the capital and largest city of Serbia.

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Beli Manastir

Beli Manastir is a town and municipality in eastern Croatia.

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Belz

Belz (Белз; Bełz ; בעלז &thinsp) is a small city in Sokal Raion of Lviv Oblast (region) of Western Ukraine, near the border with Poland, is located between the Solokiya river (a tributary of the Bug River) and the Rzeczyca stream.

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Belz Voivodeship

Bełz Voivodeship (Województwo bełskie, Palatinatus Belzensis) was a unit of administrative division and local government in Poland from 1462 to the Partitions of Poland in 1772–1795.

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Benedetto Erba Odescalchi

Benedetto II Erba Odescalchi (1679–1740) was an Italian Cardinal and Archbishop of Milan from 1712 to 1736.

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Benedikt Kuripečič

Benedikt Kuripečič or Benedikt Kuripešić (Benedict Curipeschitz von Obernburg, 1491–1531) was a 16th-century Slovene diplomat who recorded epic songs about Miloš Obilić.

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Benedikt Schack

Benedikt Emanuel Schack (Benedikt Žák) (7 February 175810 December 1826) was a composer and tenor of the Classical era, a close friend of Mozart and the first performer of the role of Tamino in Mozart's opera The Magic Flute.

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Benedikt Vinković

Benedikt Benko Vinković (Benedictus II Vinkovich) (1581 – 2 December 1642) was a Catholic bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Pécs (1630-1637) and Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Zagreb (1637-1642).

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Bengal Subah

The Bengal Subah was a subdivision of the Mughal Empire encompassing modern Bangladesh and the Indian state of West Bengal between the 16th and 18th centuries.

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Benjamin Wolf Löw

Benjamin Wolf Löw (1775 – March 6, 1851) was a Polish–Hungarian rabbi.

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Benkovac

Benkovac is a town and municipality (Općina) in the interior of Zadar County, Croatia.

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Benno Straucher

Benno or Beno Straucher (August 11, 1854 – November 5, 1940) was a Bukovina-born Austro-Hungarian lawyer, politician and Jewish community representative, who spent the final part of his career in Romania.

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Beočin

Beočin (Serbian Cyrillic: Беочин, pronounced bɛɔ̌tʃiːn) is a town and municipality located in the South Bačka District of the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia.

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Berezhany

Berezhany (Бережани, Brzeżany, Brezhan, בּז'יז'אני/בּז'ז'ני Bzhezhani/Bzhizhani) is a city of regional significance located in the Ternopil Oblast (province) of western Ukraine.

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Bernardo Bobić

Bernardo Bobić (Bubich, Budich) (? – Zagreb, c. 1695) was a Croatian baroque painter and gilder.

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Bernau Castle

Bernau Castle is a ruined castle in the municipality of Leibstadt in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

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Bernhard Adler

Bernhard Vinzenz Adler (12 September 1753, Eger, Habsburg Monarchy (now Cheb, Czech Republic) – August 1810) was a Bohemian doctor and founder of the resort town of Franzensbad in West Bohemia, now known as the town of Františkovy Lázně.

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Bestwina

Bestwina is a village in Bielsko County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland.

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Bezdan

Bezdan (Serbian: Bezdan / Бездан, Hungarian: Bezdán, Croatian: Bezdan, German: Besdan) is a village located in Bačka, Vojvodina, Serbia.

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Biała (Vistula)

Biała (Bialka) is a river in southern Poland, a right tributary of the Vistula, around long.

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Biagio Bernardo Caboga

Biagio Bernardo Caboga (Blasius Bernhard von Caboga, Blaise Caboga; 1813–14) was a Ragusan count (conte) and commander.

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Bibrka

Bíbrka (Бі́брка; Bóbrka; Bubrka) is a town in western Ukraine, located in Peremyshliany Raion of Lviv Oblast (region) about 29 km southeast of Lviv on H09.

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Biebelsheim

Biebelsheim is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Bad Kreuznach district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

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Biecz County

Biecz County (Polish: powiat biecki) was an administrative unit (powiat) of both the Kingdom of Poland and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.

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Bielany, Lesser Poland Voivodeship

Bielany is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kęty, within Oświęcim County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland.

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Bielowicko

Bielowicko is a village in Gmina Jasienica, Bielsko County, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland.

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Bielsko-Biała

Bielsko-Biała (Bílsko-Bělá; Bielitz-Biala) is a city in Southern Poland with the population of approximately 174,000 (December 2013).

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Bienwald

The Bienwald is a large forested area in the southern Pfalz region of Germany near the towns of Kandel and Wörth am Rhein.

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Bieruń

Bieruń (Berun) is a town in Upper Silesia, in southern Poland, about south of Katowice.

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Biharia

Biharia (Bihar) is a commune in Bihor County, northwestern Romania.

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Biliavyntsi

Biliavyntsi (Біля́винці) is a village in Buchach Raion (district) of Ternopil Oblast (province) in western Ukraine.

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Billrothhaus

The Billrothhaus is the headquarters of the Gesellschaft der Ärzte in Wien (College of Physicians in Vienna).

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Biserica Neagră

Biserica Neagră or Black Church (Schwarze Kirche; Biserica Neagră; Fekete templom) is a church in Brașov, a city in south-eastern Transylvania, Romania.

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Bitburg-Prüm

The Eifelkreis Bitburg-Prüm is a district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

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Bjelovar

Bjelovar (Belovár, Bellowar, Kajkavian: Belovar) is a city in central Croatia.

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Bjelovar-Križevci County

The Bjelovar-Križevci County (Bjelovarsko-križevačka županija; Belovár-Kőrös vármegye) was a historic administrative subdivision (županija) of the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia.

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Black

Black is the darkest color, the result of the absence or complete absorption of visible light.

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Black Legend

A "black legend" (leyenda negra) is a historiographic phenomenon suffered by either characters, nations or institutions, and characterized by the sustained trend in historical writing of biased reporting, introduction of fabricated, exaggerated and/or decontextualized facts, with the intention of creating a distorted and uniquely inhuman image of it, while hiding from view all its positive contributions to history.

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Blessed Bronisława Chapel

Chapel of Blessed Bronisława is a neo-Gothic Roman Catholic chapel in Kraków, Poland, erected in 1856–61 within the walls of a military citadel constructed during the Austrian Partition of Poland by the Habsburg Monarchy.

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Blockade of Porto Bello

The Blockade of Porto Bello was a failed British naval action against the Spanish port of Porto Bello in present-day Panama between 1726 and 1727 as part of the Anglo-Spanish War.

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Bobrek, Cieszyn

Bobrek is a district of Cieszyn, Silesian Voivodeship, Poland.

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Bobrowniki, Lublin Voivodeship

Bobrowniki is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Ryki, within Ryki County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland.

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Bocanovice

(Polish) is a village in the Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic.

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Boguchwała

Boguchwała is a town in Rzeszów County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland.

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Boguszowice Stare

Boguszowice Stare (Boguschowitz) is a district of Rybnik, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland.

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Bohemia

Bohemia (Čechy;; Czechy; Bohême; Bohemia; Boemia) is the westernmost and largest historical region of the Czech lands in the present-day Czech Republic.

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Bohorodchany

Bohorodchany (Богородчани,; Bohorodczany) is an urban-type settlement in Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast, several miles from Ivano-Frankivsk.

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Bohumín

Bohumín (Bogumin, Oderberg) is a town in Karviná District, Moravian-Silesian Region, Czech Republic on the border with Poland.

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Bojszowy

Bojszowy (Boischow) is a village in Bieruń-Lędziny County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland.

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Bolesław Masłowski

Bolesław Masłowski was a Polish chemist born in 1851 in Włodawa.

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Borek Strzeliński

Borek Strzeliński (Großburg) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Borów, within Strzelin County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland.

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Borovička

Borovička (also known as Juniper brandy) is a Slovak alcoholic beverage flavored with juniper berries.

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Borshchiv

Borshchiv is a city in the Ternopil Oblast (province) of western Ukraine.

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Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén County

Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén (Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén megye,; Boršodsko-abovsko-zemplínska) is an administrative county (comitatus or megye) in north-eastern Hungary (commonly called "Northern Hungary"), on the border with Slovakia.

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Borynia, Jastrzębie-Zdrój

Borynia (Borin) is a sołectwo in the northern part of Jastrzębie-Zdrój, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland.

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Bosanska Krajina

Bosanska Krajina (Cyrillic: Босанска Крајина),; sometimes translated as Bosnian Frontier) or, sometimes, simply just Krajina, is a geographical region, a subregion of Bosnia, in western Bosnia and Herzegovina enclosed by a number of rivers, namely the Sava (north), Glina (northwest), Vrbanja and Vrbas (east and southeast, respectively). The region is also a historic, economic and cultural entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina, famous for its natural beauties and wildlife diversity. The largest city, and its historical center is Banja Luka. Other cities include Bihać, Cazin, Velika Kladuša, Prijedor, Sanski Most, Gradiška, Kozarska Dubica, Novi Grad, Bosanska Krupa, Ključ, Bosanski Petrovac, Kotor Varoš, Šipovo, Mrkonjić Grad, Drvar, Bosansko Grahovo, Gornji Vakuf, Bugojno, Donji Vakuf, Jajce, Kneževo, Bužim, Laktaši, and Čelinac. Bosanska Krajina is not a formal entity within the structure of Bosnia and Herzegovina; however it has a significant cultural and historical identity that was formed through several historic and economic events. The territory of Bosanska Krajina is currently divided between two entities of Bosnia and Herzegovina: Republika Srpska and the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

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Boskovice

Boskovice (Boskowitz) is a town in the Czech Republic.

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Bosniaks

The Bosniaks (Bošnjaci,; singular masculine: Bošnjak, feminine: Bošnjakinja) are a South Slavic nation and ethnic group inhabiting mainly the area of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

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Bosniaks of Montenegro

Bosniaks are an ethnic group in Montenegro, first introduced in the 2003 census.

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Bosniaks of Serbia

Bosniaks (Bosnian and Serbian: Bošnjaci / Бошњаци) are the fourth largest ethnic group in Serbia after Serbs, Hungarians and Roma, numbering 145,278 or 2.02% of the population according to the 2011 census.

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Bozoklu Mustafa Pasha

Bozoklu Mustafa Pasha (1638 – December 1698) was an Ottoman statesman who served as grand vizier from 1693 to 1694.

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Brač

Brač (local Chakavian: Broč,; Bretia, Brattia; Brazza) is an island in the Adriatic Sea within Croatia, with an area of, making it the largest island in Dalmatia, and the third largest in the Adriatic.

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Brabant Revolution

The Brabant Revolution or Brabantine Revolution (Révolution brabançonne, Brabantse Omwenteling), sometimes referred to as the Belgian Revolution of 1789–90 in older writing, was an armed insurrection that occurred in the Austrian Netherlands (modern-day Belgium) between October 1789 and December 1790.

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Bran, Brașov

Bran (Törzburg; Törcsvár) is a commune in Brașov County, Romania.

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Branković family (Military Frontier)

The Branković family was a Serb noble family based in the Military Frontier of the Habsburg Empire during the 18th and 19th centuries.

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Bratislava

Bratislava (Preßburg or Pressburg, Pozsony) is the capital of Slovakia.

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Brenna, Poland

is a village in and the seat of Gmina Brenna, Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland, located in the historical region of Cieszyn Silesia.

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Brera Astronomical Observatory

The Brera Observatory (Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera) is an astronomical observatory in the Brera district of Milan, Italy.

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Brody

Brody (Броди; Brody; Brody; Brody; Brody) is a city in Lviv Oblast (region) of western Ukraine.

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Bronów, Silesian Voivodeship

Bronów (Braunau) is a village in Gmina Czechowice-Dziedzice, Bielsko County, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland.

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Broszkowice

Broszkowice is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Oświęcim, within Oświęcim County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland.

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Broumov

Broumov (Braunau) is a town in the Czech Republic, in the Náchod District of the Hradec Králové Region, near the border with Poland.

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Brovari

Brovari (Броварі; Brovary; Browary; Brovar) is a village in the Buchach Raion (district) of the Ternopil Oblast (province) in western Ukraine.

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Brukenthal National Museum

The Brukenthal National Museum (Muzeul Naţional Brukenthal; Brukenthalmuseum) is a museum, erected in the late 18th century in Sibiu, Transylvania, Romania, housed in the palace of Samuel von Brukenthal — who was Habsburg governor of Transylvania and who established its first collections around 1790.

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Brunswick Manifesto

The Brunswick Manifesto was a proclamation issued by Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick, commander of the Allied Army (principally Austrian and Prussian), on 25 July 1792 to the population of Paris, France during the War of the First Coalition.

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Bruntál

Bruntál (Freudenthal in Schlesien, Bruntal, Latin: Vallis Gaudiorum, Vrudental) is a town located near the western boundary of the Moravian-Silesian Region, in Czech Silesia.

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Brussels

Brussels (Bruxelles,; Brussel), officially the Brussels-Capital Region (All text and all but one graphic show the English name as Brussels-Capital Region.) (Région de Bruxelles-Capitale, Brussels Hoofdstedelijk Gewest), is a region of Belgium comprising 19 municipalities, including the City of Brussels, which is the de jure capital of Belgium.

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Bruzovice

Bruzovice (Brusowitz, Bruzowice) is a village in Frýdek-Místek District, Moravian-Silesian Region, Czech Republic.

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Bryndza

Bryndza (from Romanian brânză) is product of a sheep milk cheese made mainly in Slovakia, Romania and Moldova and Serbia, but also in Poland, Ukraine, Hungary and part of Moravia (Moravian Wallachia) in Czech Republic.

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Brzeźce

Brzeźce (Brzestz) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Pszczyna, within Pszczyna County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland.

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Brzeg

Brzeg (Latin: Alta Ripa, former German name: Brieg) is a town in southwestern Poland with 36,381 inhabitants (2016) and the capital of Brzeg County.

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Brzeszcze

Brzeszcze is a town in Oświęcim County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship in southern Poland, near Oświęcim.

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Brzezówka, Silesian Voivodeship

Brzezówka is a village in Gmina Hażlach, Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland, near the border with the Czech Republic.

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Brzezie, Racibórz

Brzezie (Hohenbirken) is a dzielnica (district) of Racibórz, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland.

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Brzezinka

Brzezinka (Birkenau, Březinka) is a village in southern Poland, about from Oświęcim (Auschwitz), in the district of Gmina Oświęcim, Oświęcim County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship.

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Brzozów

Brzozów (Березів, Bereziv; ברעזשוב Brezhov; lat. Brozovia, or Prozzow) is a town in south-eastern Poland, with 7,677 inhabitants (02.06.2009).

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Buchach

Buchach (Бучач; Buczacz; Betshotsh.or ביטשאטש (Bitshtosh); Buch'ach; Bucaş) is a town located on the Strypa River (a tributary of the Dniester) in Ternopil Oblast (province) of Western Ukraine.

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Bucharest

Bucharest (București) is the capital and largest city of Romania, as well as its cultural, industrial, and financial centre.

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Budapest

Budapest is the capital and the most populous city of Hungary, and one of the largest cities in the European Union.

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Budišov nad Budišovkou

Budišov nad Budišovkou (Bautsch) is a town in Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic.

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Budva

Budva (Montenegrin Cyrillic: Будва, or; Italian and Albanian: Budua) is a Montenegrin town on the Adriatic Sea, former bishopric and present Latin Catholic titular see.

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Budweiser Budvar Brewery

Budweiser Budvar ("Budvar from Budweis") is a brewery in the Czech city of České Budějovice (Budweis), best known for its original Budweiser or Budweiser Budvar pale lager brewed using artesian water, Moravian barley and Saaz hops.

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Bujaków, Bielsko County

Bujaków is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Porąbka, within Bielsko County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland.

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Bukovina

Bukovina (Bucovina; Bukowina/Buchenland; Bukowina; Bukovina, Буковина Bukovyna; see also other languages) is a historical region in Central Europe,Klaus Peter Berger,, Kluwer Law International, 2010, p. 132 divided between Romania and Ukraine, located on the northern slopes of the central Eastern Carpathians and the adjoining plains.

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Bukovina Germans

The Bukovina Germans are a German ethnic group who had a noteworthy demographic presence (spanning from 1780 to 1940) in the historic Central European region of Bukovina, which is nowadays divided between northeastern Romania and western Ukraine.

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Bukowina, Nisko County

Bukowina is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Ulanów, within Nisko County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland.

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Bulgaria

Bulgaria (България, tr.), officially the Republic of Bulgaria (Република България, tr.), is a country in southeastern Europe.

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Bulgarian Greek Catholic Church

The Bulgarian Greek Catholic Church is a Byzantine Rite sui juris particular Church in full union with the Roman Catholic Church.

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Bulgarian Millet

Bulgarian Millet or Bulgar Millet was an ethno-religious and linguistic community within the Ottoman Empire from the mid-19th to early 20th century.

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Bulowice

Bulowice is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kęty, within Oświęcim County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland.

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Bunić, Croatia

Bunić (Бунић) is a village in Lika, Croatia, located in the Udbina municipality, between Korenica and Lički Osik.

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Bunzl

Bunzl plc is a multinational distribution and outsourcing company headquartered in London, United Kingdom.

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Burgenland

Burgenland (Őrvidék; Gradišće; Gradiščanska; Hradsko; is the easternmost and least populous state of Austria. It consists of two statutory cities and seven rural districts, with in total 171 municipalities. It is long from north to south but much narrower from west to east (wide at Sieggraben). The region is part of the Centrope Project.

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Burkhard Christoph von Münnich

Count Burkhard Christoph von Münnich (9 May 1683 – 16 October 1767) (Христофо́р Анто́нович Миних) was a German soldier-engineer who became a field marshal and political figure in the Russian Empire.

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Busk Land

Busk Land (ziemia buska, Latin: Тerraе Buscensis) was an administrative unit of Polish county level (ziemia) in both the Kingdom of Poland and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.

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Busk, Ukraine

Busk (Буськ; Busk) is a city located in Busk Raion in Lviv Oblast (region) of western Ukraine.

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Butaul

Butaul (also spelled Buta-ul, with possible meaning "the son of Buta") is a name mentioned in an inscription contained in a treasure trove of gold artifacts found in 1799 in Sânnicolau Mare, in northern Banat (then under administration of Habsburg Monarchy, today in Timiş County in western Romania).

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Bystřice (Frýdek-Místek District)

(Polish:, German: Bistrzitz) is a large village in Frýdek-Místek District, Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic.

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Bystra, Bielsko County

Bystra is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wilkowice, within Bielsko County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland.

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Bystrzyca Kłodzka

Bystrzyca Kłodzka (Habelschwerdt, Kladská Bystřice) is a historic town in Kłodzko County, in Lower Silesian Voivodeship in southwestern Poland.

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Bytom

Bytom (Polish pronunciation:; Silesian: Bytůń, Beuthen O.S.) is a city in Silesia in southern Poland, near Katowice.

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Bzie

Bzie (Goldmannsdorf) is a sołectwo in the south-east of Jastrzębie-Zdrój, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland.

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Cadastral community

A cadastral community or cadastral municipality, is a cadastral subdivision of municipalities in the nations of Austria,Cadastral Template for Austria, web-page: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Serbia, Slovakia, the Italian provinces of South Tyrol, Trentino, Gorizia and Trieste, Slovenia, and the Netherlands.

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Café Central

Café Central is a traditional Viennese café located at Herrengasse 14 in the Innere Stadt first district of Vienna, Austria.

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Cambrai

Cambrai (Kimbré; Kamerijk; historically in English Camerick and Camericke) is a commune in the Nord department and in the Hauts-de-France region of France on the Scheldt river, which is known locally as the Escaut river.

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Camillo Caetani

Camillo Caetani (Gaetano) (Sermoneta (?) 1552 - Rome 6 August 1603) was an Italian aristocrat and Papal diplomat in several European capitals during the early Counterreformation.

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Campaigns of 1796 in the French Revolutionary Wars

The French Revolutionary Wars continued from 1795, with the French in an increasingly strong position as members of the First Coalition made separate peaces.

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Campaigns of 1800 in the French Revolutionary Wars

The French Revolutionary Wars continued from 1799 with the French fighting the forces of the Second Coalition.

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Capital punishment in Germany

Capital punishment is prohibited in Germany by constitution.

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Capital punishment in Slovakia

Capital punishment in Slovakia (Trest smrti) was abolished in 1990 and the most severe punishment permissible by law is life imprisonment.

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Capital punishment in the Czech Republic

Capital punishment (trest smrti in Czech) is forbidden by the Charter of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms of the Czech Republic (part of the constitutional law of the Czech Republic) and is simultaneously prohibited by international legal obligations arising from the Czech Republic's membership of both the Council of Europe and the European Union.

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Capitulations of the Ottoman Empire

Capitulations of the Ottoman Empire were contracts between the Ottoman Empire and European powers, particularly France.

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Cappuccino

A cappuccino (Italian plural cappuccini) is an espresso-based coffee drink that originated in Italy, and is traditionally prepared with double espresso, and steamed milk foam.

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Capriva del Friuli

Capriva del Friuli (Koprivno; Standard Friulian: Caprive; Southeastern Friulian: Capriva) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Gorizia in the Italian region Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about northwest of Trieste and about west of Gorizia.

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Capture of Belgrade (1739)

Capture of Belgrade refers to the recapture of Belgrade (capital of modern Serbia) by the Ottoman Empire in 1739.

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Capture of Porrentruy

The Capture of Porrentruy was a short siege of the Swiss town of Porrentruy, held by Austria, by the French.

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Caraș-Severin County

Caraș-Severin is a county (județ) of Romania on the border with Serbia.

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Carl Borivoj Presl

Karel Bořivoj Presl (17 February 1794 – 2 October 1852) was a Czech botanist.

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Carl Ferdinand Cori

Carl Ferdinand Cori, ForMemRS (December 5, 1896 – October 20, 1984) was a Czech-American biochemist and pharmacologist born in Prague (then in Austria-Hungary, now Czech Republic) who, together with his wife Gerty Cori and Argentine physiologist Bernardo Houssay, received a Nobel Prize in 1947 for their discovery of how glycogen (animal starch) – a derivative of glucose – is broken down and resynthesized in the body, for use as a store and source of energy.

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Carl Franz Anton Ritter von Schreibers

Carl Franz Anton Ritter von Schreibers (15 August 1775 – 21 May 1852) was an Austrian naturalist who was a native of Pressburg, Hungary, Habsburg Empire (today Bratislava, Slovakia).

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Carl Heinrich Edmund von Berg

Carl Heinrich Edmund von Berg (30 November 1800 in Göttingen – 20 June 1874 in Schandau) was a German forestry scientist.

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Carl Ritter von Ghega

Carl Ritter von Ghega or Karl von Ghega (10 January 1802 – 14 March 1860) was an Albanian-Austrian nobleman and the designer of the Semmering Railway from Gloggnitz to Mürzzuschlag.

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Carmelite Church, Przemyśl

The Carmelite Church of St.

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Carnival

Carnival (see other spellings and names) is a Western Christian and Greek Orthodox festive season that occurs before the liturgical season of Lent.

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Carpathian Ruthenia

Carpathian Ruthenia, Carpatho-Ukraine or Zakarpattia (Rusyn and Карпатська Русь, Karpats'ka Rus' or Закарпаття, Zakarpattja; Slovak and Podkarpatská Rus; Kárpátalja; Transcarpatia; Zakarpacie; Karpatenukraine) is a historic region in the border between Central and Eastern Europe, mostly located in western Ukraine's Zakarpattia Oblast, with smaller parts in easternmost Slovakia (largely in Prešov Region and Košice Region) and Poland's Lemkovyna.

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Cartography of Ukraine

Maps of Ukraine have been produced since the late mediaeval period.

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Casasola, Italy

Casasola is a village in Friuli-Venezia Giulia in northeast Italy.

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Castello di Milazzo

The Castello di Milazzo (Milazzo Castle) is a castle and citadel in Milazzo, Sicily.

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Castiglione 1796 Campaign Order of Battle

In the Battle of Castiglione on 5 August 1796, the French Army of Italy under the command of General Napoleon Bonaparte defeated an Austrian army led by Field Marshal Dagobert Sigmund von Wurmser.

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Cathedral of Hajdúdorog

The Cathedral of Hajdúdorog, officially Greek Catholic Cathedral of the Presentation of Mary in Hajdúdorog (Hungarian: Hajdúdorogi Istenszülő Bevezetése a Templomba Székesegyház) is the cathedral of the Archeparchy of Hajdúdorog, Hungary.

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Cathedral of Saint Demetrius, Craiova

The Cathedral of Saint Demetrius (Catedrala Sfântului Dumitru) is a Romanian Orthodox cathedral, see of the Metropolis of Oltenia.

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Catherine of Nassau-Dillenburg

Catherine of Nassau-Dillenburg (29 December 1543 at Dillenburg Castle in Dillenburg – 25 December 1624 in Arnstadt) was a daughter of William I, Count of Nassau-Dillenburg and his second wife, Juliana of Stolberg.

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Catherine the Great

Catherine II (Russian: Екатерина Алексеевна Yekaterina Alekseyevna; –), also known as Catherine the Great (Екатери́на Вели́кая, Yekaterina Velikaya), born Princess Sophie of Anhalt-Zerbst, was Empress of Russia from 1762 until 1796, the country's longest-ruling female leader.

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Catholic Church in Romania

The Catholic Church (Biserica Catolică din România, Romániai Római Katolikus Egyház, Katholische Kirche in Rumänien) in Romania is a Latin Rite Christian church, part of the worldwide Catholic Church, under the spiritual leadership of the Pope in Rome.

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Catholic Slavs

Catholic Slavs and Slavic Catholic are terms used for the historically and/or predominantly Catholic Slavic nations and the history of Catholicism among the Slavic peoples; especially amongst the Western Slavs.

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Catholicisation

Catholicisation refers mainly to the conversion of adherents of other religions into Catholicism, and the system of expanding Catholic influence in politics.

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Causes of the Polish–Soviet War

In the Polish–Soviet War of 1919-1921, Soviet Russia and Soviet Ukraine were in combat with the newly independent Second Polish Republic and the Ukrainian People's Republic.

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Cave del Predil

Cave del Predil (Raibl, Rabelj) is a frazione subdivision of the comune of Tarvisio in the Province of Udine, in the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region of northeastern Italy.

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Câmpulung Moldovenesc

Câmpulung Moldovenesc (also spelled Cîmpulung Moldovenesc;; Moldvahosszúmező; Довгопілля, Dovhopillja; Kimpolung; Kimpolung Mołdawski) is a city in Suceava County, north-eastern Romania.

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Celali rebellions

The Celali rebellions (Celalî ayaklanmaları), were a series of rebellions in Anatolia of irregular troops led by bandit chiefs and provincial officials known as celalî, against the authority of the Ottoman Empire in the late 16th and early to mid-17th centuries.

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Central Europe

Central Europe is the region comprising the central part of Europe.

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Central European Defence Cooperation

The Central European Defence Cooperation (CEDC) is a military collaboration consisting of the Central European states of Austria, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Slovenia and Croatia.

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Central Powers

The Central Powers (Mittelmächte; Központi hatalmak; İttifak Devletleri / Bağlaşma Devletleri; translit), consisting of Germany,, the Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria – hence also known as the Quadruple Alliance (Vierbund) – was one of the two main factions during World War I (1914–18).

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Central Serbia

Central Serbia (Централна Србија / Centralna Srbija), also referred to as Serbia proper (ужа Србија / uža Srbija), is the part of Serbia lying outside the provinces of Vojvodina to the north and the disputed territory of Kosovo (Kosovo and Metohija) to the south.

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Cetin Castle

The fortress of Cetin is situated south of Cetingrad above the village of Podcetin, in Croatia.

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Cetingrad

Cetingrad is a municipality in Karlovac County, Croatia near Croatia's border with Bosnia.

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Chancellor of Austria

The Chancellor of Austria, officially the Federal Chancellor of the Republic of Austria (Bundeskanzler der Republik Österreich, sometimes shortened to Kanzler) is the head of government of the Austrian Republic.

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Chancellor of Germany

The title Chancellor has designated different offices in the history of Germany.

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Charge (heraldry)

In heraldry, a charge is any emblem or device occupying the field of an escutcheon (shield).

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Charles Alexandre de Calonne

Charles Alexandre de Calonne (20 January 173430 October 1802), titled Count of Hannonville in 1759, was a French statesman, best known for his involvement in the French Revolution.

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Charles Eugène de Croÿ

Charles Eugène de Croÿ (Карл Евгений де Круа) (1651–1702) was a field marshal and duke from the House of Croÿ.

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Charles François Dumouriez

Charles-François du Périer Dumouriez (26 January 1739 – 14 March 1823) was a French general during the French Revolutionary Wars.

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Charles Hofmann

Franz Karl Hofmann, later Charles Hofmann (176324 May 1823) was a Dutch musician and composer.

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Charles III of Spain

Charles III (Spanish: Carlos; Italian: Carlo; 20 January 1716 – 14 December 1788) was King of Spain and the Spanish Indies (1759–1788), after ruling Naples as Charles VII and Sicily as Charles V (1734–1759), kingdoms he abdicated to his son Ferdinand.

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Charles Ingrao

Charles Ingrao is an historian and public intellectual focused on early modern Central Europe and the contemporary Balkans.

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Charles Louis Huguet, marquis de Sémonville

Charles Louis Huguet, marquis de Sémonville (9 March 175911 August 1839) was a French diplomat and politician.

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Charles of Austria, Bishop of Wroclaw

Charles of Austria (Karl von Österreich; 7 August 1590 – 28 December 1624), nicknamed the Posthumous, a member of the Imperial House of Habsburg, was Prince-Bishop of Wrocław (Breslau) from 1608, Prince-Bishop of Brixen from 1613, and Grand Master of the Teutonic Order from 1618 until his death.

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Charles University

Charles University, known also as Charles University in Prague (Univerzita Karlova; Universitas Carolina; Karls-Universität) or historically as the University of Prague (Universitas Pragensis), is the oldest and largest university in the Czech Republic. Founded in 1348, it was the first university in Central Europe. It is one of the oldest universities in Europe in continuous operation and ranks in the upper 1.5 percent of the world’s best universities. Its seal shows its protector Emperor Charles IV, with his coats of arms as King of the Romans and King of Bohemia, kneeling in front of St. Wenceslas, the patron saint of Bohemia. It is surrounded by the inscription, Sigillum Universitatis Scolarium Studii Pragensis (Seal of the Prague academia).

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Charles V, Duke of Lorraine

Charles V (Charles Léopold Nicolas Sixte; 3 April 1643 – 18 April 1690) was an Austrian statesman who was the Duke of Lorraine.

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Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor

Charles V (Carlos; Karl; Carlo; Karel; Carolus; 24 February 1500 – 21 September 1558) was ruler of both the Holy Roman Empire from 1519 and the Spanish Empire (as Charles I of Spain) from 1516, as well as of the lands of the former Duchy of Burgundy from 1506.

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Charles VII, Holy Roman Emperor

Charles VII (7 April 1697 – 20 January 1745) was the Prince-elector of Bavaria from 1726 and Holy Roman Emperor from 24 January 1742 until his death in 1745.

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Charles VIII of France

Charles VIII, called the Affable, l'Affable (30 June 1470 – 7 April 1498), was a monarch of the House of Valois who ruled as King of France from 1483 to his death in 1498.

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Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel

Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Prince of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand, Herzog von Braunschweig-Lüneburg und Fürst von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel) (9 October 1735 – 10 November 1806), was ruler of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel and a military leader.

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Charles-Alexandre de Hénin-Liétard d'Alsace

Charles Alexandre Marc Marcelin de Hénin-Liétard d'Alsace (1744–1794), prince of Henin and count of Beaumont, was a prince of the Holy Roman Empire who took French nationality.

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Charles-Joseph, 7th Prince of Ligne

Charles-Joseph Lamoral, 7th Prince de Ligne in French; in German Karl-Joseph Lamoral 7.

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Château Royal de Collioure

The Château Royal de Collioure (Catalan: Castell Reial de Cotlliure) is a massive French royal castle in the town of Collioure, a few kilometers north of the Spanish border in the French département of Pyrénées-Orientales.

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Chřibská

Chřibská (Kreibitz) is a town in the Okres Děčín in Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic.

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Chełm Land

Chełm Land (ziemia chełmska or Chełmszczyzna, Холмщина) is a historic region (ziemia) of eastern Poland and the adjacent areas of present-day Ukraine and Belarus.

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Chełmek

Chełmek is a town in Lesser Poland Voivodeship in southern Poland.

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Chernivtsi

Chernivtsi (Černivci; see also other names) is a city in western Ukraine, situated on the upper course of the River Prut.

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Chernivtsi Oblast

Chernivtsi Oblast (Чернівецька область, Černivećka oblasť, Regiunea Cernăuți) is an oblast (province) in western Ukraine, consisting of the northern parts of the regions of Bukovina and Bessarabia.

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Chervonohrad

Chervonohrad (Червоноград, former Polish name: Krystynopol, 'Krystynopil', Krisnipolye) is a mining city located in the Lviv Oblast of western Ukraine.

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Chevalier d'Éon

Charles-Geneviève-Louis-Auguste-André-Timothée d'Éon de Beaumont (5 October 1728 – 21 May 1810), usually known as the Chevalier d'Éon, was a French diplomat, spy, Freemason and soldier who fought in the Seven Years' War.

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Chief Justice of Hungary

The chief justiceFallenbüchl 1988, p. 147.

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Chiprovtsi uprising

The Chiprovtsi uprising (Чипровско въстание, Chiprovsko vastanie) was an uprising against Ottoman rule organized in northwestern Bulgaria by Roman Catholic Bulgarians, but also involving many Eastern Orthodox Christians.

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Chiusaforte

Chiusaforte (Kluže, Klausen, Sclûse.) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Udine in the Italian region Friuli-Venezia Giulia.

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Chmielnik

Chmielnik is a town in Kielce County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, Poland.

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Chorzów Batory

Chorzów Batory (formerly Hajduki Wielkie) is a district of the Polish city of Chorzów, in Silesian Voivodeship.

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Chotěbuz

(Polish:, Kotzobendz) is a village in Karviná District, Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic.

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Chrastava

Chrastava (Kratzau) is a town in northern Bohemia in the Czech Republic about 10 kilometre (6 mi) northwest of the regional capital Liberec.

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Christianity in the 16th century

In 16th-century Christianity, Protestantism came to the forefront and marked a significant change in the Christian world.

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Christianity in the 17th century

17th Century Missionary activity in Asia and the Americas grew strongly, put down roots, and developed its institutions, though it met with strong resistance in Japan in particular.

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Christoph Schönborn

Christoph Maria Michael Hugo Damian Peter Adalbert, Count of Schönborn, O.P. (German: Christoph Maria Michael Hugo Damian Peter Adalbert, Graf von Schönborn; born 22 January 1945), is a Bohemian-born Austrian Dominican friar and theologian, who is a cardinal of the Catholic Church.

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Chropaczów

Chropaczów (between 1909 and 1922) is a district in the north-east of Świętochłowice, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland.

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Chrudim

Chrudim is a town in eastern Bohemia, in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic.

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Chrzanów

Chrzanów is a town in southern Poland with 39,704 inhabitants.

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Church of the Holy Virgin, Zemun

Church of the Nativity of the Virgin Mary, known as the Church of the Holy Virgin is a Serbian Orthodox Church church located on Rajačićeva Street in the center of Zemun, Serbia.

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Chybie

is a village and the seat of Gmina Chybie in Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland.

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Cieszanów

Cieszanów (Тішанів or Цішанів or Чесанів, Tishaniv or Tsishaniv or Chesaniv; ציעשאנאָוו-Tsyeshanov) is a town in Lubaczów County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, Poland.

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Cincar-Janko

Janko Popović (Јанко Поповић; 1779–1833), nicknamed Cincar Janko (Цинцар-Јанко), was a Serbian vojvoda, one of the most prominent leaders of the First Serbian Uprising.

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Cincar-Marko

Cincar Marko Kostić (Dolna Belica, 1777 – Šabac, 22 February 1822) was a Serbian aristocrat and diplomat.

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Circle troops

Circle troops by Derek Croxton.

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Cisalpine Republic

The Cisalpine Republic (Repubblica Cisalpina) was a sister republic of France in Northern Italy that lasted from 1797 to 1802.

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Cisleithanian legislative election, 1848

Parliamentary elections were held for the first time the Austrian section of the Habsburg Monarchy in June 1848.

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Cisownica

Cisownica is a village in Gmina Goleszów, Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland, close to the border with the Czech Republic.

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Cisrhenian Republic

The Cisrhenian Republic (Cisrhenanische Republik) was a client state (sister republic) of the French Revolutionary Wars.

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Ciutadella de Roses

Ciutadella de Roses ("Citadel of Roses"; Spanish, Ciudadela de Rosas) is a ruined fortification in the municipality of Roses, Alt Empordà comarca, Province of Girona, Catalonia, Spain.

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Civilization V

Sid Meier's Civilization V is a 4X video game in the ''Civilization'' series developed by Firaxis Games.

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Civilization V: Gods & Kings

Sid Meier's Civilization V: Gods & Kings is the first official expansion pack for the turn-based strategy video game Civilization V. It was released on June 19, 2012 in North America, and on June 22, 2012 in the rest of the world.

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Clam-Gallas Palace

The Clam-Gallas Palace (Clam-Gallasovský palác) is a Baroque palace in Prague, the capital of the Czech Republic.

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Clam-Martinic

Clam-Martinic is a noble family from the former Habsburg Empire.

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Clan Hannay

Clan Hannay is a Lowland Scottish clan.

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Clara Katharina Pollaczek

Clara Pollaczek (born Clara Loeb: 15 January 1875 - 22 July 1951) was a Viennese writer of light novels, stories and verse.

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Classical Age of the Ottoman Empire

The Classical Age of the Ottoman Empire (Klasik Çağ) concerns the history of the Ottoman Empire from the Conquest of Constantinople in 1453 until the second half of the sixteenth century, roughly the end of the reign of Suleiman the Magnificent (r. 1520-1566).

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Clement Mary Hofbauer

Clement Mary Hofbauer, C.Ss.R., (Klemens Maria Hofbauer) (26 December 1751 – 15 March 1820) was a Moravian hermit and later a priest of the Redemptorist congregation.

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Clisura Dunării

Defileul Dunării, also locally known as Clisura Dunării (Банатска Клисура, Banatska Klisura) is a geographical region in Romania.

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Cloudesley Shovell

Admiral of the Fleet Sir Cloudesley Shovell (c. November 1650 – 22 October or 23 October 1707), was an English naval officer.

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Cluj-Napoca

Cluj-Napoca (Klausenburg; Kolozsvár,; Medieval Latin: Castrum Clus, Claudiopolis; and קלויזנבורג, Kloiznburg), commonly known as Cluj, is the fourth most populous city in Romania, and the seat of Cluj County in the northwestern part of the country.

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Coalition forces of the Napoleonic Wars

The Coalition Forces of the Napoleonic Wars were composed of Napoleon Bonaparte's enemies: the United Kingdom, the Austrian Empire, Kingdom of Prussia, Kingdom of Spain, Kingdom of Naples and Sicily, Kingdom of Sardinia, Dutch Republic, Russian Empire, the Ottoman Empire, Kingdom of Portugal, Kingdom of Sweden, various Confederation of the Rhine and Italian states at differing times in the wars.

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Coat of arms of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor

Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, or Charles I of Spain, was the heir of four of Europe's leading royal houses.

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Coat of arms of Hungary

The current coat of arms of Hungary was reinstated on July 3, 1990, after the end of communist rule.

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Coat of arms of Moravia

The coat of arms of Moravia has been used for centuries representing Moravia, a traditional province in present-day Czech Republic.

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Coat of arms of Prague

The coat of arms of the city of Prague, the capital of the Czech Republic, has a lesser and a greater version.

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Coat of arms of Triballia

The Coat of arms of Triballia (Грб Трибалије/Grb Tribalije or Грб Тривалије/Grb Trivalije) is a historical coat of arms attributed to medieval Serbia by various armorials, and is today depicted in several Serbian municipality coat of arms in Šumadija.

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Colonial empire

A colonial empire is a collective of territories (often called colonies), mostly overseas, settled by the population of a certain state and governed by that state.

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Colonialism

Colonialism is the policy of a polity seeking to extend or retain its authority over other people or territories, generally with the aim of developing or exploiting them to the benefit of the colonizing country and of helping the colonies modernize in terms defined by the colonizers, especially in economics, religion and health.

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Column of the Goddess

The Column of the Goddess is the popular name given by the citizens of Lille (France) to the Memorial of the Siege of 1792.

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Compendium ferculorum, albo Zebranie potraw

Compendium ferculorum, albo Zebranie potraw (A Collection of Dishes) is a cookbook by Stanisław Czerniecki.

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Concerning the Jews

"Concerning the Jews" is a short essay by Mark Twain.

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Confederation

A confederation (also known as a confederacy or league) is a union of sovereign states, united for purposes of common action often in relation to other states.

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Conservative Party (Hungary)

The Conservative Party (Konzervatív Párt) was one of the most influential political groups of the National Assembly of the 1840s in Hungary.

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Constantin Brâncoveanu

Constantin Brâncoveanu (1654 – August 15, 1714) was Prince of Wallachia between 1688 and 1714.

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Constantin Cantemir

Constantin or Constantine Cantemir (1612–1693) was a Moldavian nobleman, soldier, and statesman who served as voivode between 25 June 1685 and 27 March 1693.

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Constantine Mavrocordatos

Constantine Mavrocordatos (Greek: Κωνσταντίνος Μαυροκορδάτος, Romanian: Constantin Mavrocordat; February 27, 1711November 23, 1769) was a Greek noble who served as Prince of Wallachia and Prince of Moldavia at several intervals.

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Constitution of 3 May 1791

The Constitution of 3 May 1791 (Konstytucja 3 Maja, Gegužės trečiosios konstitucija) was adopted by the Great Sejm (parliament) of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, a dual monarchy comprising the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

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Constitution of Belarus

The Constitution of the Republic of Belarus (Канстытуцыя Рэспублікі Беларусь, Конституция Республики Беларусь) is the ultimate law of Belarus.

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Constitution of Croatia

The Constitution of the Republic of Croatia (Ustav Republike Hrvatske) is promulgated by the Croatian Parliament.

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Constitution of Lithuania

The Constitution of the Republic of Lithuania (Lietuvos Respublikos Konstitucija) defines the legal foundation for all laws passed in the Republic of Lithuania.

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Coronation Cathedral, Alba Iulia

The Coronation Cathedral (Catedrala Încoronării), dedicated to the Holy Trinity and the Holy Archangels Michael and Gabriel, is a Romanian Orthodox cathedral located at 16 Mihai Viteazul Street, Alba Iulia, Romania.

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Coronini

Coronini (until 1996 Pescari; Lászlóvára or Koronini; occasionally referred to as Peskari in German) is a commune in Caraș-Severin County, western Romania, with a population of 1,674.

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Corpus separatum (Fiume)

Corpus separatum, a Latin term meaning "separated body", refers to the status of the City of Fiume (modern Rijeka, Croatia) while given a special legal and political status different from its environment under the rule of the Kingdom of Hungary.

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Cortina d'Ampezzo

Cortina d'Ampezzo (Ladin: Anpezo, Ampëz), commonly referred to as Cortina, is a town and comune in the heart of the southern (Dolomitic) Alps in the Veneto region of Northern Italy.

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Corvée

Corvée is a form of unpaid, unfree labour, which is intermittent in nature and which lasts limited periods of time: typically only a certain number of days' work each year.

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Cossacks

Cossacks (козаки́, translit, kozaky, казакi, kozacy, Czecho-Slovak: kozáci, kozákok Pronunciations.

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Count István Széchenyi (Friedrich von Amerling)

The portrait of Count István Széchenyi (Gróf Széchenyi István) is a monumental painting by Friedrich von Amerling in the Art Collection of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences in Budapest portraying the founder of the institution.

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Count Karl Ludwig von Ficquelmont

Karl Ludwig, Count of Ficquelmont (Charles-Louis comte de Ficquelmont; March 23, 1777 – April 7, 1857) was an Austrian aristocrat, statesman and Field marshal of the Austrian Imperial army of French noble origin.

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Count of the Székelys

The Count of the Székelys (székelyispán, comes Sicolorum) was the leader of the Hungarian-speaking Székelys in Transylvania, in the medieval Kingdom of Hungary.

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Countess Ferdinande Henriette of Stolberg-Gedern

Countess Ferdinande Henriette of Stolberg-Gedern, born 2 October 1699 at Gedern, Oberhessen, Hesse-Darmstadt, then in the Holy Roman Empire, was a daughter of Louis Christian, Count of Stolberg-Gedern, and Duchess Christine of Mecklenburg-Güstrow.

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Counties of Croatia

The counties of Croatia (županije) are the primary administrative subdivisions of the Republic of Croatia.

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County of Gorizia

The County of Gorizia (Contea di Gorizia, Grafschaft Görz, Goriška grofija, Contee di Gurize), from 1365 Princely County of Gorizia, was a State of the Holy Roman Empire.

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County of Kladsko

The County of Kladsko (Kladské hrabství, Grafschaft Glatz, Hrabstwo kłodzkie) was a historical administrative unit within Bohemia as a part of the Kingdom of Bohemia and later in the Kingdom of Prussia with its capital at Kłodzko (Kladsko) on the Nysa river.

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County of Tyrol

The (Princely) County of Tyrol was an estate of the Holy Roman Empire established about 1140.

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Coup of 18 Brumaire

The Coup of 18 Brumaire brought General Napoleon Bonaparte to power as First Consul of France and in the view of most historians ended the French Revolution.

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Craiova

No description.

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Craiovești

The Craiovești, later Brâncovenești, were a boyar family in Wallachia who gave the country several of its Princes and held the title of Ban of Oltenia (whether of Strehaia or Craiova) for ca.

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Cretan War (1645–1669)

The Cretan War (Κρητικός Πόλεμος, Girit'in Fethi) or War of Candia (Guerra di Candia, Kandijski rat), is the name given to the Fifth Ottoman–Venetian War, a conflict between the Republic of Venice and her allies (chief among them the Knights of Malta, the Papal States and France) against the Ottoman Empire and the Barbary States, because it was largely fought over the island of Crete, Venice's largest and richest overseas possession.

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Crișana

Crișana (Körösvidék, Kreischgebiet) is a geographical and historical region in north-western Romania, named after the Criș (Körös) River and its three tributaries: the Crișul Alb, Crișul Negru, and Crișul Repede.

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Croat Muslims

Croat Muslims (Hrvati muslimani) are Muslims of Croat ethnic origin.

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Croatia

Croatia (Hrvatska), officially the Republic of Croatia (Republika Hrvatska), is a country at the crossroads of Central and Southeast Europe, on the Adriatic Sea.

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Croatia in union with Hungary

The Kingdom of Croatia (Regnum Croatiae; Hrvatsko kraljevstvo or Kraljevina Hrvatska) entered a personal union with the Kingdom of Hungary in 1102, after a period of rule of kings from the Trpimirović and Svetoslavić dynasties and a succession crisis following the death of king Demetrius Zvonimir.

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Croatia proper

Croatia proper (Hrvatska) is one of the four historical regions of the Republic of Croatia, together with Dalmatia, Slavonia, and Istria.

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Croatia–Serbia border dispute

The Croatia–Serbia border dispute refers to differing views held by Croatia and Serbia regarding their border in the area of the Danube River.

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Croatia–Serbia relations

Croatian–Serbian relations are foreign relations between Croatia and Serbia.

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Croatia–Slovenia border disputes

Following the breakup of Yugoslavia in 1991, Slovenia and Croatia became independent countries.

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Croatian Australians

Croatian Australians (Australski Hrvati) are Australian citizens of Croatian descent.

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Croatian Confraternity Bokelj Navy 809.

Croatian Confraternity Bokelj Navy 809. is a non-profit association and successor organization of the homeland society of the people descending from Boka Kotorska (Bay of Kotor), established in 1924 in Zagreb.

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Croatian Littoral

Croatian Littoral (Hrvatsko primorje) is a historical name (period of Austro-Hungarian Monarchy) littoral for the region of Croatia comprising mostly Kvarner coastal area between traditional Dalmatia to the south, Mountainous Croatia to the north and east, and Istria and the Kvarner Gulf of the Adriatic Sea to the west.

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Croatian Military Frontier

The Croatian Military Frontier (Hrvatska vojna krajina or Hrvatska vojna granica) was a district of the Military Frontier, a territory in the Habsburg Monarchy, first during the period of the Austrian Empire and then during Austria-Hungary.

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Croatian National Theatre Ivan pl. Zajc in Rijeka

The Croatian National Theatre Ivan pl.

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Croatian wine

Croatian wine (vino, pl. vina) has a history dating back to the Ancient Greek settlers, and their wine production on the southern Dalmatian islands of Vis, Hvar and Korčula some 2,500 years ago.

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Croatian–Hungarian Settlement

Croatian–Hungarian Settlement (Hrvatsko-ugarska nagodba, Horvát–magyar kiegyezés, Kroatisch-Ungarischer Ausgleich) was a pact signed in 1868, that governed Croatia's political status in the Hungarian-ruled part of Austria-Hungary.

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Croatian–Ottoman wars

Croatian–Ottoman Wars (Osmanlı-Hırvatistan Savaşları, Hrvatsko-osmanski ratovi) can refer to one of the several conflicts between the Kingdom of Croatia (in Kingdom of Hungary-Croatia and in Habsburg Monarchy) and the Ottoman Empire.

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Croatian–Slovene Peasant Revolt

The Croatian–Slovene Peasant Revolt (hrvaško-slovenski kmečki upor), Gubec's Rebellion (Gupčeva buna) or Gubec's peasant uprising of 1573 was a large peasant revolt on territory forming modern-day Croatia and Slovenia.

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Croats (military unit)

The Croats or Crabats (after Croatian Hrvat) were 17th-century light cavalry forces comparable to the Hussars.

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Croats of Slovenia

The Croats are an ethnic group in Slovenia.

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Cronenberg, Rhineland-Palatinate

Cronenberg is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Kusel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

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Crossbow (TV series)

Crossbow is a 1987 action/adventure television series that aired on The Family Channel.

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Crown land

Crown land, also known as royal domain or demesne, is a territorial area belonging to the monarch, who personifies the Crown.

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Crvenka

Crvenka is a small town located in the Kula municipality, in the West Bačka District, Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, Serbia.

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Crypto-protestantism

Crypto-Protestantism is an historical phenomenon that occurred on the territory of the Habsburg Empire.

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Csongrád County (former)

Csongrád (Hungarian: Csongrád, Serbian: Čongrad or Чонград) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary.

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Cugir

Cugir (German: Kunendorf, Kudschir, Hungarian: Kudzsir) is a town in Alba county, the central settlement of the Breadfield, in Romania.

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Cultural depictions of Edward I of England

Edward I of England has been portrayed in popular culture a number of times.

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Culture of Austria

Austrian culture has largely been influenced by its past and present neighbours: Italy, Poland, Germany, Hungary, and Bohemia.

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Curse of Turan

The Curse of Turan (Turáni átok) is a belief that Hungarians have been under the influence of a malicious spell for many centuries.

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Cyprian Kinner

Cyprian Kinner (died 1649) was a Silesian educator and linguist.

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Cyril Lucaris

Hieromartyr Cyril Lucaris or Loukaris (Κύριλλος Λούκαρις, 13 November 1572 – 27 June 1638), born Constantine Lucaris, was a Greek prelate and theologian, and a native of Candia, Crete (then under the Republic of Venice).

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Czaniec

Czaniec is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Porąbka, within Bielsko County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland.

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Czarków, Pszczyna County

Czarków (Czarkow) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Pszczyna, within Pszczyna County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland.

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Czech Americans

Czech Americans (Čechoameričané), known in the 19th and early 20th century as Bohemian Americans, are citizens of the United States who are of Czech descent.

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Czech lands

The Czech lands or the Bohemian lands (České země) are the three historical regions of Bohemia, Moravia, and Czech Silesia.

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Czech Republic

The Czech Republic (Česká republika), also known by its short-form name Czechia (Česko), is a landlocked country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west, Austria to the south, Slovakia to the east and Poland to the northeast.

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Czech Silesia

Czech Silesia (České Slezsko; Czeski Ślůnsk; Tschechisch-Schlesien; Śląsk Czeski) is the name given to the part of the historical region of Silesia presently located in the Czech Republic.

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Czech–Slovak languages

The Czech and Slovak languages form the Czech–Slovak (or Czecho–Slovak) subgroup within the West Slavic languages.

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Czuchów, Czerwionka-Leszczyny

Czuchów (Czuchow) is a dzielnica (district) of Czerwionka-Leszczyny, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland.

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Czudec

Czudec is a town in Strzyżów County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland.

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D21 road (Croatia)

D21 is a, north–south state road in Istria County, Croatia.

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Dačice

Dačice (Datschitz) is a town in southwestern Moravia, currently belonging to the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic.

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Dagobert Sigmund von Wurmser

Dagobert Sigismund, Count von Wurmser (7 May 1724 – 22 August 1797) was an Austrian field marshal during the French Revolutionary Wars.

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Damaschin Bojincă

Damaschin Bojincă (1802–1869) was an Imperial Austrian-born Moldavian writer and jurist.

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Damat Ali-Paša's Turbeh

Damat Ali-Paša's Turbeh is an Ottoman mausoleum erected in 1784 in Belgrade, Serbia.

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Damat Ibrahim Pasha

Damat Ibrahim Pasha (Damat İbrahim Paşa, Damat Ibrahim-paša, Croatian: Damat Ibrahim-paša; 1517–1601) was an Ottoman military commander and statesman who held the office of grand vizier three times (the first time from 4 April to 27 October 1596; the second time from 5 December 1596 to 3 November 1597; and for the third and last time, from 6 January 1599 to 10 July 1601.İsmail Hâmi Danişmend, Osmanlı Devlet Erkânı, Türkiye Yayınevi, İstanbul, 1971 (Turkish) He is known as the conqueror of Kanije. He is also called with the title damat ("bridegroom"), because he was a bridegroom to the Ottoman dynasty by marrying Ayşe, one of the sultan's daughters. He is not to be confused with either Pargalı Ibrahim Pasha, illustrious grand vizier of Suleiman the Magnificent, another devşirme and "Damat" to the Ottoman court, or with Nevşehirli Damat Ibrahim Pasha, who held office in early 18th century during the Tulip Era in the Ottoman Empire.

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Daniel Mécsery

Daniel Mecséry de Tsoor (29 September 1759 – 30 December 1823) commanded the left wing of the Austrian army at the Battle of Raab during the Napoleonic Wars.

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Daniel Sennert

Daniel Sennert (November 25, 1572 – July 21, 1637) was a renowned German physician and a prolific academic writer, especially in the field of alchemy or chemistry.

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Danish Auxiliary Corps in Habsburg service 1701–1709

After having been forced to sue for peace with Sweden in 1700, the Danish army was much larger than the kingdom could support.

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Dankowice, Silesian Voivodeship

Dankowice (wym. Denkiadüf or Denkjadiöf) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wilamowice, within Bielsko County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland.

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Dano-Swedish War (1658–60)

The Dano-Swedish War of 1658–60 (Anden Karl Gustav-krig, Karl X Gustavs andra danska krig, Zweeds-Nederlandse Oorlog) was a war between Denmark–Norway and Sweden.

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Danube

The Danube or Donau (known by various names in other languages) is Europe's second longest river, after the Volga.

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Danube Swabians

The Danube Swabians (Donauschwaben) is a collective term for the German-speaking population who lived in various countries of southeastern Europe, especially in the Danube River valley.

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Danube–Tisa–Danube Canal

Danube–Tisa–Danube Canal (DTD) (Kanal Dunav-Tisa-Dunav / Канал Дунав-Тиса-Дунав) is a canal system in Serbia.

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Danubian Principalities

Danubian Principalities (Principatele Dunărene, translit) was a conventional name given to the Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia, which emerged in the early 14th century.

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Darda, Croatia

Darda is a village and a municipality just north of Osijek, Croatia.

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Darkov

(Polish:, Darkau) is a village in Karviná District, Moravian-Silesian Region, Czech Republic, now administratively a part of the city of Karviná.

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David Gestetner

David Gestetner (31 March 18548 March 1939) was the inventor of the Gestetner stencil duplicator, the first piece of office equipment that allowed production of numerous copies of documents quickly and inexpensively.

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Davydivka

Davydivka (Давидівка; Davideni) is a commune (selsoviet) in Storozhynets Raion, Chernivtsi Oblast, southwestern Ukraine.

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Dévots

Dévots (Devout) was the name given in France in the first half of the 17th century to a party following a Catholic policy of opposition to the Protestants inside France and alliance with the Catholic Habsburg Monarchy abroad.

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Döttingen, Aargau

Döttingen is a municipality in the district of Zurzach in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.

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Dąbrowice, Opole Voivodeship

Dąbrowice, German Dombrowitz is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Chrząstowice (Gemeinde Chronstau), within Opole County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland.

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Dębica

Dębica (דעמביץ Dembitz) is a city in southeastern Poland with 46,693 inhabitants, as of 2 June 2009.

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Dębieńsko

Dębieńsko (Dubensko) is a dzielnica (district) of Czerwionka-Leszczyny, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland.

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Dębowiec, Cieszyn County

Dębowiec (Baumgarten, Dubovec) is a village and the seat of Gmina Dębowiec, Cieszyn County in Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland.

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Dębowiec, Podkarpackie Voivodeship

Dębowiec is a village in Jasło County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland.

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Dětřichov nad Bystřicí

Dětřichov nad Bystřicí (Dittersdorf) is a village and municipality in Bruntál District in the Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic.

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Dětmarovice

Dětmarovice (Polish:, Dittmarsdorf) (also Dittmannsdorf) is a village in the Karviná District, Moravian-Silesian Region, Czech Republic, on the Olza River.

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Deklaratorija (1779)

Deklaratorija (Деклараторија) is the Serbian name of Maria Theresa's legal regulations on the organization of the Metropolitanate of Karlovci, the Serbian Orthodox Church in the Habsburg Monarchy.

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Deli-Marko

Deli-Marko (Дели-Марко, "Wild Marko"; 1596–1619) or Marko Segedinac (Марко Сегединац, "Marko of Segedin"), was a Serb hajduk and military commander in Habsburg service, active during the Long Turkish War.

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Deluge (history)

The term Deluge (pоtор szwedzki, švedų tvanas) denotes a series of mid-17th-century campaigns in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.

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Demographic history of Belgrade

This article is about demographic history of Belgrade.

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Demographic history of Bosnia and Herzegovina

This article is about the Demographic history of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and deals with the country's documented demographics over time.

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Demographic history of Croatian Baranja

In the early 16th century, before Ottoman conquest, Baranja was populated by Croats and Hungarians.

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Demographic history of Vojvodina

Vojvodina's demographic history reflects its rich history and its former location at the border of the Ottoman and Habsburg empires and at the confluence of various peoples, making it a hotbed of invasion, colonization, and assimilation processes.

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Demographics of Austria

This article is about the demographic features of the population of Austria, including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

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Demographics of Croatia

The demographic characteristics of the population of Croatia are known through censuses, normally conducted in ten-year intervals and analysed by various statistical bureaus since the 1850s.

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Demographics of Hungary

This article is about the demographic features of the population of Hungary, including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

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Demographics of Lithuania

This article is about the demographic features of the population of Lithuania, including population density, ethnicity, level of education, health, economic status, and religious affiliations.

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Denmark

Denmark (Danmark), officially the Kingdom of Denmark,Kongeriget Danmark,.

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Denmark–Netherlands relations

Denmark–Netherlands relations are foreign relations between Denmark and the Netherlands.

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Denmark–Sweden relations

Denmark–Sweden relations relate to Denmark and Sweden.

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Despotovo

Despotovo (Деспотово) is a village located in the Bačka Palanka municipality, in the South Bačka District of Serbia.

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Devín Castle

Devín Castle (hrad Devín or Devínsky hrad, Dévényi vár, Burg Theben) is a castle in Devín, which is a borough of Bratislava, the capital of Slovakia.

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Devecser

Devecser is a town in Veszprém County, Hungary.

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Dictionarium quatuor linguarum

Dictionarium quatuor linguarum (The Dictionary of Four Languages) is a 16th-century book by the German polymath Hieronymus Megiser that includes a multilingual dictionary and a multilingual grammar of Italian, Slovene, German, and Latin.

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Diet of Augsburg

The Diet of Augsburg were the meetings of the Imperial Diet of the Holy Roman Empire held in the German city of Augsburg.

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Diet of Hungary

The Diet of Hungary or originally: Parlamentum Publicum / Parlamentum Generale (Országgyűlés) became the supreme legislative institution in the medieval kingdom of Hungary from the 1290s, and in its successor states, Royal Hungary and the Habsburg kingdom of Hungary throughout the Early Modern period.

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Diicul Buicescul

Diicul or Dicul Buicescul, also known as Diicu Buicescu and Diicu din Epotești (? – ca. July 1659), was a Wallachian statesman, noted as the designated heir of Prince Matei Basarab.

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Dimitar Stanchov

Dimitar Yanev Stanchov, sometimes transliterated as Dimitri Stancioff (Димитър Янев Станчов) (21 May 1863, in Svishtov – 23 March 1940, in Sofia), was a Bulgarian diplomat and politician who briefly served as Prime Minister.

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Dimitrije Davidović

Dimitrije "Mita" Davidović (Zemun, Habsburg Monarchy, 12 October 1789 – Smederevo, Principality of Serbia, 24 March 1838) was a secretary to Miloš Obrenović I, Prince of Serbia, Minister of Education of the Principality of Serbia, writer, journalist, publisher, historian, diplomatist, and founder of modern Serbian journalism and publishing.

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Dimitrije Ovčarević

Dimitrije Ovčarević (Димитрије Овчаревић; 1552–66) was a Habsburg Serb nobleman.

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Dinu Nicodin

Dinu Nicodin (pen name of Nicolae Ioanid; Al. Săndulescu,, in România Literară, Nr. 35/2004 1886–1948) was a Romanian writer affiliated with the modernist venue Sburătorul.

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Dionisije Novaković

Dionisije Novaković (Дионисије Новаковић, Dionisie Novacovici; ca. 1705–December 8, 1767) was a Serbian Orthodox bishop in the Habsburg Monarchy.

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Diploma Leopoldinum

The Diploma Leopoldinum was a legal document which determined the basic principles of the government of the Principality of Transylvania within the Habsburg Empire.

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Diplomacy (game)

Diplomacy is a strategic board game created by Allan B. Calhamer in 1954 and released commercially in 1959.

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Diplomatic Academy of Vienna

The Diplomatic Academy of Vienna (DA; German: Diplomatische Akademie Wien) is a postgraduate professional school based in Vienna, Austria, with focused training for students and professionals in the areas of international affairs, political science, law, languages, history and economics.

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District of Potisje

The District of Potisje (Potiski krunski dištrikt or Потиски крунски диштрикт) was an administrative territorial entity of the Habsburg Monarchy.

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District of Velika Kikinda

The Privileged District of Velika Kikinda (Великокикиндски привилеговани диштрикт / Velikokikindski privilegovani dištrikt; Privilegierten Bezirk Gross Kikinda; Regio-privilegiatus Districtus Magnokikindiensis; Nagykikindai kerület) was an administrative territorial entity of the Habsburg Monarchy between 1774 and 1876.

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Dobříš

Dobříš (Doberschisch) is a town in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic with about 8,600 inhabitants.

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Dobczyce

Dobczyce is a town in southern Poland, situated since 1999 in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship (previously in Kraków Voivodeship from 1975 to 1998).

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Doberdò del Lago

Doberdò del Lago (Doberdob; Bisiacco: Dobardò; Dobardò) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Gorizia in the Italian region Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about northwest of Trieste and about southwest of Gorizia, and borders the following municipalities: Duino-Aurisina, Fogliano Redipuglia, Komen (Slovenia), Miren-Kostanjevica (Slovenia), Monfalcone, Ronchi dei Legionari, Sagrado, and Savogna d'Isonzo.

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Dobratice

Dobratice (Dobratitz, Dobracice) is a village in Frýdek-Místek District, Moravian-Silesian Region, Czech Republic.

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Dobrá (Frýdek-Místek District)

Dobrá (Dobra, Dobrau) is a village in the Frýdek-Místek District, Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic.

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Dobrinci

Dobrinci is a village in Serbia.

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Dobrodzień

Dobrodzień (Guttentag) is a small town in Olesno County, in Opole Voivodeship, Poland.

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Dobromyl

Dobrómyl’ (Добро́миль, Dobromil) is a city in Staryi Sambir Raion, Lviv Oblast, Ukraine.

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Doksy

Doksy (Hirschberg am See) is a town in the Czech Republic.

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Dolní Žukov

(Polish:, German: Nieder Zukau) is a village in Karviná District, Moravian-Silesian Region, Czech Republic.

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Dolní Bludovice

(Polish:, Nieder Bludowitz) is a village in Karviná District, Moravian-Silesian Region, Czech Republic.

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Dolní Datyně

(Polish:, Nieder Dattin) is a village in Karviná District, Moravian-Silesian Region, Czech Republic.

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Dolní Domaslavice

Dolní Domaslavice (Domasłowice Dolne, Nieder Domaslowitz) is a village in Frýdek-Místek District, Moravian-Silesian Region, Czech Republic.

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Dolní Líštná

(Polish:, Nieder Lischna) is a village in Frýdek-Místek District, Moravian-Silesian Region, Czech Republic.

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Dolní Lomná

(Polish:, Cieszyn Silesian: or, Nieder Lomna) is a village in Moravian-Silesian Region, Czech Republic, close to the borders with Poland and Slovakia.

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Dolní Lutyně

, (Deutsch Leuten or Nieder Leuten, Polish) is a village in Karviná District, Moravian-Silesian Region, Czech Republic, near the border with Poland, south of the Olza River.

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Dolní Marklovice

(Polish) is a village in Karviná District, Moravian-Silesian Region, Czech Republic.

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Dolní Podluží

Dolní Podluží (German Niedergrund) is a village and municipality (obec) in Děčín District in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic (not to be confused with Niedergrund an der Elbe).

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Dolní Suchá

(Polish:, Nieder Suchau) is a village in Karviná District, Moravian-Silesian Region, Czech Republic.

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Dolní Tošanovice

Dolní Tošanovice (Toszonowice Dolne, Nieder Toschonowitz) is a village in Frýdek-Místek District, Moravian-Silesian Region, Czech Republic.

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Dolní Věstonice

Dolní Věstonice (Unterwisternitz) is a small village in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic.

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Doly (Karviná)

Doly (Kopalnie, lit. "mines") is a district of the city of Karviná in Karviná District, Moravian-Silesian Region, Czech Republic.

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Domašov nad Bystřicí

Domašov nad Bystřicí, formerly Domštát (Domstadtl) is a village and municipality (obec) in Olomouc District in the Olomouc Region of the Czech Republic.

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Domažlice

Domažlice (Taus) is a town in the Plzeň Region of the Czech Republic.

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Domenico Lovisato

Domenico Lovisato (12 August 1842 – 23 February 1916) was an Italian geologist.

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Domitian of Carantania

Domitian of Carantania or Domitian of Carinthia (Domitian von Kärnten, Domicijan Koroški; died), also known as Domislav and Tuitianus, was a Slavic nobleman in the principality of Carantania (present-day Carinthia, Austria) during the reign of Charlemagne.

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Donji Lapac

Donji Lapac (Доњи Лапац) is a settlement and a municipality in Lika, Croatia.

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Donji Petrovci

Donji Petrovci (Serbian Cyrillic: Доњи Петровци) is a village in Serbia.

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Dorćol

Dorćol (Дорћол) is an urban neighborhood of Belgrade, the capital of Serbia.

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Doroslovo

Doroslovo (Дорослово or Doroslovo, Doroszló, Doroslovo) is a village in Serbia.

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Dorothea Christina of Aichelberg

Dorothea Christina von Aichelberg (alternative spellings: Dorothee, Dorothy, Chritine, Christiane, von Echelberg, von Aichelburg; 23 January 1674 in Plön – 22 June 1762 in Reinfeld) was the spouse of Prince Christian Charles of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön-Norburg as Frau von Karlstein.

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Dositej Obradović

Dimitrije "Dositej" Obradović (Димитрије Обрадовић,; 17 February 1739 – 7 April 1811) was a Serbian writer, philosopher, dramatist, librettist, linguist, traveler, polyglot and the first minister of education of Serbia.

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Doubrava (Karviná District)

(1920-1924: Dombrová) (Polish:, Dombrau) is a village in Karviná District, Moravian-Silesian Region, Czech Republic.

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Drašković family

The Drašković, also spelled Draskovich in English, is one of the oldest Croatian noble families, originally descended from lower-rank nobility of the Lika region.

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Dragoman

A dragoman was an interpreter, translator, and official guide between Turkish, Arabic, and Persian-speaking countries and polities of the Middle East and European embassies, consulates, vice-consulates and trading posts.

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Dragoslavele

Dragoslavele is a commune in the northern part of Argeș County, Romania, located by the former border between Wallachia and Transylvania, on the Wallachian side.

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Drang nach Osten

Drang nach Osten ("Drive to the East",Ulrich Best, Transgression as a Rule: German–Polish cross-border cooperation, border discourse and EU-enlargement, 2008, p. 58,, "push eastward",Jerzy Jan Lerski, Piotr Wróbel, Richard J. Kozicki, Historical Dictionary of Poland, 966–1945, 1996, p. 118,, "drive toward the East"Edmund Jan Osmańczyk, Anthony Mango, Encyclopedia of the United Nations and International Agreements, 2003, p. 579,, or "desire to push East") was a term coined in the 19th century to designate German expansion into Slavic lands.

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Dreissiger

The term Dreissiger (German Dreißiger) (Thirtiers) refers to liberal intellectuals who left Germany and came to the United States in the 1830s to escape political repression.

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Drogomyśl

Drogomyśl (Drahomischl, Drahomyšl) is a village in Gmina Strumień, Cieszyn County, in the Silesian Voivodeship of southern Poland.

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Drohiczyn

Drohiczyn (Drohičinas, Дарагічын, Дорогочин, Дорогичин) is a town in Siemiatycze County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, Poland.

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Dubá

Dubá (Dauba) is a town in the Czech Republic.

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Dubravka (drama)

Dubravka is a drama of mythological-pastoral content and allegorical meaning written in the mid-third decade of the 17th century by the Croatian author Ivan Gundulić.

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Dubrovnik

Dubrovnik (historically Ragusa) is a Croatian city on the Adriatic Sea.

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Duchcov

Duchcov (Dux) is a town in the Teplice District in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic.

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Duchy of Austria

The Duchy of Austria (Herzogtum Österreich) was a medieval principality of the Holy Roman Empire, established in 1156 by the Privilegium Minus, when the Margraviate of Austria (Ostarrîchi) was detached from Bavaria and elevated to a duchy in its own right.

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Duchy of Brabant

The Duchy of Brabant was a State of the Holy Roman Empire established in 1183.

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Duchy of Brzeg

The Duchy of Brzeg (Księstwo Brzeskie) or Duchy of Brieg (Herzogtum Brieg), (Knížectví Břežské) was one of the Duchies of Silesia, created in 1311 during the fragmentation of the Duchy of Wrocław.

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Duchy of Bukovina

The Duchy of Bukovina was a constituent land of the Austrian Empire from 1849 and a Cisleithanian crown land of Austria–Hungary from 1867 until 1918.

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Duchy of Bytom

The Duchy of Bytom (Księstwo Bytomskie) or Duchy of Beuthen (Herzogtum Beuthen) was one of many Silesian duchies.

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Duchy of Carinthia

The Duchy of Carinthia (Herzogtum Kärnten; Vojvodina Koroška) was a duchy located in southern Austria and parts of northern Slovenia.

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Duchy of Carniola

The Duchy of Carniola (Vojvodina Kranjska, Herzogtum Krain, Krajna) was a State of the Holy Roman Empire, established under Habsburg rule on the territory of the former East Frankish March of Carniola in 1364.

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Duchy of Głogów

The Duchy of Głogów (Księstwo głogowskie, Hlohovské knížectví) or Duchy of Glogau (Herzogtum Glogau) was one of the Duchies of Silesia ruled by the Silesian Piasts.

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Duchy of Legnica

The Duchy of Legnica (Księstwo Legnickie, Lehnické knížectví) or Duchy of Liegnitz (Herzogtum Liegnitz) was one of the Duchies of Silesia.

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Duchy of Luxemburg

The Duchy of Luxemburg (Luxembourg, Lëtzebuerg) was a state of the Holy Roman Empire, the ancestral homeland of the noble House of Luxembourg.

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Duchy of Mantua

The Duchy of Mantua was a duchy in Lombardy, Northern Italy, subject to the Holy Roman Empire.

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Duchy of Milan

The Duchy of Milan was a constituent state of the Holy Roman Empire in northern Italy.

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Duchy of Modena and Reggio

The Duchy of Modena and Reggio (Ducato di Modena e Reggio, Ducatus Mutinae et Regii) was a small northwestern Italian state that existed from 1452 to 1859, with a break during the Napoleonic Wars (1796–1814) when Emperor Napoleon I reorganized the states and republics of renaissance-era Italy, then under the domination of his French Empire.

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Duchy of Nysa

The Duchy of Nysa (Księstwo Nyskie, Niské knížectví) or Duchy of Neisse (Herzogtum Neisse) was one of the duchies of Silesia with its capital at Nysa in Lower Silesia.

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Duchy of Oświęcim

The Duchy of Oświęcim (Księstwo Oświęcimskie), or the Duchy of Auschwitz (Herzogtum Auschwitz), was one of many Duchies of Silesia, formed in the aftermath of the fragmentation of Poland.

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Duchy of Silesia

The Duchy of Silesia (Księstwo śląskie, Herzogtum Schlesien) with its capital at Wrocław was a medieval duchy located in the historic Silesian region of Poland.

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Duchy of Styria

The Duchy of Styria (Herzogtum Steiermark; Vojvodina Štajerska; Stájer Hercegség) was a duchy located in modern-day southern Austria and northern Slovenia.

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Duchy of Teschen

The Duchy of Teschen (Herzogtum Teschen), also Duchy of Cieszyn (Księstwo Cieszyńskie) or Duchy of Těšín (Těšínské knížectví, was one of the Duchies of Silesia centered on Cieszyn (Teschen) in Upper Silesia. It was split off the Silesian Duchy of Opole and Racibórz in 1281 during the feudal division of Poland and was ruled by Silesian dukes of the Piast dynasty from 1290 until the line became extinct with the death of Duchess Elizabeth Lucretia in 1653. The ducal lands initially comprised former Lesser Polish territories east of the Biała River, which in about 1315 again split off as the Polish Duchy of Oświęcim, while the remaining duchy became a fiefdom of the Bohemian kings in 1327 and was incorporated into the Lands of the Bohemian Crown by 1347. While the bulk of Silesia was conquered by the Prussian king Frederick the Great in the Silesian Wars of 1740–1763, Teschen together with the duchies of Troppau (Opava), Krnov and Nysa remained with the Habsburg Monarchy and merged into the Austrian Silesia crown land in 1849. The so-called "commander line" of the Habsburg-Lorraine dynasty, a cadet branch descending from Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen, held the title "Duke of Teschen" until 1918.

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Duchy of Troppau

The Principality of Opava (Opavské knížectví) (Księstwo Opawskie) or Duchy of Troppau (Herzogtum Troppau) was a historic territory split off from the Margraviate of Moravia before 1269 by King Ottokar II of Bohemia to provide for his natural son, Nicholas I. The Opava territory thus had not been part of the original Polish Duchy of Silesia in 1138, and was first ruled by an illegitimate offshoot of the Bohemian Přemyslid dynasty, not by the Silesian Piasts like many of the neighbouring Silesian duchies.

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Duchy of Württemberg

The Duchy of Württemberg (Herzogtum Württemberg) was a duchy located in the south-western part of the Holy Roman Empire.

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Duchy of Zator

The Duchy of Zator was one of many Duchies of Silesia.

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Duke Ferdinand Frederick Augustus of Württemberg

Duke Ferdinand Frederick Augustus of Württemberg (22 October 1763 – 20 January 1834) was the fifth son of Frederick II Eugene, Duke of Württemberg and a Habsburg Austrian general during the French Revolutionary Wars and Napoleonic Wars.

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Dusack

A dusack (also dusägge and variants, from Czech tesák "cleaver; hunting sword", lit. "fang") is a single-edged sword of the cutlass or sabre type, in use as a side arm in Germany and the Habsburg Monarchy during the 16th to 17th centuries, as well as a practice weapon based on this weapon used in early modern German fencing.

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Dutch Revolt

The Dutch Revolt (1568–1648)This article adopts 1568 as the starting date of the war, as this was the year of the first battles between armies.

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Dvůr Králové nad Labem

Dvůr Králové nad Labem (German: Königinhof an der Elbe) is a town in the Czech Republic in Hradec Králové Region, in the Labe (Elbe) river valley.

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Dvorce (Bruntál District)

Dvorce (in 1869-1910: Dvorec, Hof in Mähren) is a village and municipality in Bruntál District in the Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic.

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Dynów

Dynów (Динів, Dinoum, דינאוו) is a small town in Rzeszów County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, Poland, with a population of 6,058 (02.06.2009).

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Dzięgielów

Dzięgielów (Dzingelau) is a village in Gmina Goleszów, Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland, near the border with the Czech Republic.

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Dzierżoniów

Dzierżoniów (Reichenbach im Eulengebirge; from 1945-1946 Rychbach, Drobniszew) is a town located at the foot of the Owl Mountains in southwestern Poland, within the Lower Silesian Voivodeship (from 1975–1998 in the former Wałbrzych Voivodeship).

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Early clashes in the Rhine campaign of 1796

In the Rhine Campaign of 1796 (June 1796 to February 1797), two First Coalition armies under the overall command of Archduke Charles outmaneuvered and defeated two Republican French armies.

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Early history of Switzerland

The early history of Switzerland begins with the earliest settlements up to the beginning of Habsburg rule, which in 1291 gave rise to the independence movement in the central cantons of Uri, Schwyz, and Unterwalden and the Late Medieval growth of the Old Swiss Confederacy.

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Early modern Europe

Early modern Europe is the period of European history between the end of the Middle Ages and the beginning of the Industrial Revolution, roughly the late 15th century to the late 18th century.

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Early modern period

The early modern period of modern history follows the late Middle Ages of the post-classical era.

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Early Modern Romania

The Early Modern Times in Romania started after the death of Michael the Brave, who ruled in a personal union, Wallachia, Transylvania and Moldaviathree principalities in the lands that now form Romania for three months, in 1600.

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East-Central Europe

East-Central Europe is the region between German, West Slavic and Hungarian speaking Europe and the Eastern Slavic lands of Russia, Belarus and Ukraine.

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Ebringen

Ebringen (Breisgau) is a municipality in the district of Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany.

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Economic history of the Netherlands (1500–1815)

The economic history of the Netherlands (1500–1815) is the history of an economy that scholar Jan de Vries calls the first "modern" economy.

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Economy of the Habsburg Monarchy

With the abolition of serfdom in the 18th century, the Habsburg Monarchy, with the major industrial, mining areas and forestry of regions Moravia and Bohemia leading the way, began to experience unprecedented economic growth.

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Economy of the Netherlands from 1500–1700

The history of the Dutch economy has faced several ups and downs throughout the 16th and 17th centuries.

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Edict of toleration

An edict of toleration is a declaration, made by a government or ruler and states, that members of a given religion will not be persecuted for engaging in their religious practices and traditions.

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Edirne event

The Edirne Event (script) was a janissary revolt that began in Constantinople in 1703.

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Eduard Nepomuk Kozič

Eduard Nepomuk Kozič (21 May 1829 – 25 April 1874) was a photographer and inventor, known for his photo ateliers in the city center of Pressburg (today Bratislava).

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Eduard Taaffe, 11th Viscount Taaffe

Eduard Franz Joseph Graf von Taaffe, 11th Viscount Taaffe (24 February 1833 – 29 November 1895) was an Austrian statesman, who served for two terms as Minister-President of Cisleithania, leading cabinets from 1868 to 1870 and 1879 to 1893.

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Edward Wortley Montagu (diplomat)

Sir Edward Wortley-Montagu (8 February 167822 January 1761) was British Ambassador to the Ottoman Empire, husband of the writer Lady Mary Wortley Montagu and father of the writer and traveller Edward Wortley Montagu.

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Egerland

The Egerland (Chebsko; Egerland; Egerland German dialect: Eghalånd) is a historical region in the far north west of Bohemia in the Czech Republic at the border with Germany.

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Eggenberg family

Eggenberg was the name of an Austrian noble family from Styria, who achieved princely rank in the 17th century.

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Eisenstadt

Eisenstadt (Kismarton, Željezni grad, Željezno, Železno) is a city in Austria, the state capital of Burgenland.

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Election in Cetin

The election in Cetin (Cetinski sabor, meaning Parliament on Cetin or Parliament of Cetin) was an assembly of the Croatian Parliament in the Cetin Castle in 1527.

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Electorate of Baden

The Electorate of Baden was a State of the Holy Roman Empire from 1803 to 1806.

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Elizabeth Báthory

Countess Elizabeth Báthory de Ecsed (Báthory Erzsébet, Alžbeta Bátoriová; 7 August 1560 – 21 August 1614) was a Hungarian noblewoman and alleged murderer from the Báthory family of nobility in the Kingdom of Hungary, who owned land in the Kingdom of Hungary (now Hungary and Slovakia) and Transylvania (now Romania), which were areas of Habsburg monarchy.

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Elmas Mehmed Pasha

Elmas Mehmed Pasha (1661 – 11 September 1697) was an Ottoman statesman who served as grand vizier from 1695 to 1697.

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Eltz Manor

Eltz Manor (Dvorac Eltz, Schloss Eltz) is a Baroque castle in Vukovar, Croatia.

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Emanuilo Janković

Emanuilo Janković (Емануило Јанковић; 1758–1792) was a Serbian writer, dramatist, philosopher, translator and editor.

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Embassy of Austria, London

The Embassy of Austria in London is the diplomatic mission of Austria in the United Kingdom.

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Emeric Thököly

Emeric Thököly de Késmárk (késmárki Thököly Imre; Imrich Tököli; 25 September 1657 – 13 September 1705) was prince of Upper Hungary from 1682 to 1685, and prince of Transylvania in 1690.

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Emil Vojnović

Emil Vojnović von Belobreska (also Emil Woinovich; 23 April 1851 – 13 February 1927) was an Austro-Hungarian Army general and historian from the Military Frontier who until 1915 was the director of the War Archives in Vienna.

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Emminger Reform

The Emminger Decree or Emminger Reform (Emminger Verordnung, Lex Emminger, or Emmingersche Justizreform; formally the Verordnung über Gerichtsverfassung und Strafrechtspflege) was an emergency decree in the democratic Weimar Republic by Justice Minister Erich Emminger (BVP) on 4 January 1924 that among other things abolished the jury as trier of fact and replaced it with a mixed system of judges and lay judges in Germany's judiciary which still exists today.

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Emperor

An emperor (through Old French empereor from Latin imperator) is a monarch, usually the sovereign ruler of an empire or another type of imperial realm.

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Emperor of Austria

The Emperor of Austria (German: Kaiser von Österreich) was the ruler of the Austrian Empire and later the Austro-Hungarian Empire.

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Empire: Total War

Empire: Total War is a turn-based strategy and real-time tactics computer game developed by Creative Assembly and published by Sega.

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Engelbert II of Nassau

Engelbert II of Nassau, Engelbrecht in Dutch (17 May 1451 – 31 May 1504), was count of Nassau and Vianden and lord of Breda, Lek, Diest, Roosendaal, Nispen and Wouw.

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Entomologia Carniolica

is a taxonomic work by Giovanni Antonio Scopoli, published in Vienna in 1763.

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Eparchy of Marča

The Eparchy of Marča (Марчанска епархија) refers to two historical ecclesiastical entities: Eastern Orthodox eparchy and Eastern Catholic vicariate.

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Eparchy of Osječko polje and Baranja

Eparchy of Osječko polje and Baranja (Serbian Cyrillic: Епархија осјечкопољска и барањска or Епархија осечкопољска и барањска; Osječkopoljska i baranjska eparhija) is an eparchy (diocese) of the Serbian Orthodox Church encompassing easternmost areas of Croatia, with seat in Dalj.

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Eparchy of Slavonia

Eparchy of Slavonia (Епархија славонска, Eparhija slavonska) is an eparchy (diocese) of the Serbian Orthodox Church encompassing areas of western and central Slavonia, in Croatia.

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Eparchy of Srem

The Eparchy of Srem (Сремска епархија or Sremska eparhija) is an eparchy (diocese) of the Serbian Orthodox Church in the Syrmia (Srem) region, Serbia.

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Erdődy

Erdődy de Monyorókerék et Monoszló (also Erdödy) is the name of a Hungarian noble family in the Kingdom of Hungary (most notably in Croatia).

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Ernest, Duke of Austria

Ernest the Iron (1377 – 10 June 1424), a member of the House of Habsburg, ruled over the Inner Austrian duchies of Styria, Carinthia and Carniola from 1406 until his death.

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Ernst Gideon von Laudon

Baron Ernst Gideon von Laudon (German: Ernst Gideon Freiherr von Laudon (originally Laudohn or Loudon) (13 February 1717 – 14 July 1790) was an Austrian generalisimo, one of the most successful opponents of the Prussian king Frederick the Great, allegedly lauded by Alexander Suvorov as his teacher. He served the position of military governorship of Habsburg Serbia from his capture of Belgrade in 1789 until his death, cooperating with the resistance fighters of Koča Anđelković.

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Ernst Rüdiger von Starhemberg

Count Ernst Rüdiger von Starhemberg (12 January 1638 – 4 January 1701) was military governor of Vienna from 1680, the city's defender during the Battle of Vienna in 1683, Imperial general during the Great Turkish War, and President of the Hofkriegsrat.

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Espiritu Santo

Espiritu Santo is the largest island in the nation of Vanuatu, with an area of and a population of around 40,000 according to the 2009 census.

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Esterházy

Esterházy (also spelled Eszterházy) is a Hungarian noble family with origins in the Middle Ages.

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Eugène-Guillaume Argenteau

Eugène-Guillaume Argenteau, comte de Mercy or Eugen Gillis Wilhelm Graf Mercy d'Argenteau (1743 – 4 May 1819) joined the Austrian army in 1760, became a general officer, and led large formations of soldiers in several actions during the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars.

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Europe

Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere.

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European wars of religion

The European wars of religion were a series of religious wars waged mainly in central and western, but also northern Europe (especially Ireland) in the 16th and 17th century.

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Eustahija Arsić

Eustahija Arsić (Еустахија Арсић; 14 March 1776, Irig - 17 February 1843, Arad) was a Serbian writer and salonist.

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Eustratie Dabija

Eustratie (or Istrate) Dabija was Prince (Voivode) of Moldavia between 1661 and his death in September 1665.

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Eva Faschaunerin

Eva Kary, née Faschauner (– 9 November 1773) was the last victim of judicial torture in the Austrian Hereditary Lands of the Habsburg Monarchy.

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Evangelical Church of Czech Brethren

The Evangelical Church of Czech Brethren (ECCB) (Českobratrská církev evangelická; ČCE) is the largest Czech Protestant church and the second largest church in general after the Catholic Church.

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Șiria

Șiria (Hellburg; Világos) is a commune in Arad County, Romania.

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Ștefan Cantacuzino

Ștefan Cantacuzino (Στέφανος Καντακουζηνός, Stephanos Kantakouzinos), was a Prince of Wallachia between April 1714 and January 21, 1716, the son of stolnic Constantin Cantacuzino.

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Ștefan IX Tomșa

Stefan Tomşa IX (or II) of Moldavia was Prince of Moldavia for two reigns, in 1611–1615 and in 1621–1623.

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Faculty of Law, University of Zagreb

The Faculty of Law of the University of Zagreb (Pravni fakultet Sveučilišta u Zagrebu, Universitas Studiorum Zagrabiensis, Facultas Iuridica, PFZG) is the law school of the University of Zagreb.

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Fall of the Republic of Venice

The Fall of the Republic of Venice was a series of events in 1797, that led to the dissolution and dismemberment of the Republic of Venice at the hands of Napoleon Bonaparte and Habsburg Austria.

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Farkas Bolyai

Farkas Bolyai (9 February 1775 – 20 November 1856; also known as Wolfgang Bolyai in Germany) was a Hungarian mathematician, mainly known for his work in geometry.

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Farkas Kovacsóczy

Farkas Kovacsóczy de Körtvélyfa (c. 1540 – 11 September 1594)Markó 2006, p. 113.

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Féilim Ó Néill

Féilim Ó Néill (sometimes anglicised Phelim/Felix O'Neill) (died 11 September 1709, in Malplaquet) was a member of the Clanaboy O'Neill dynasty, and the ancestor of the current Chief of this Catholic Lineage.

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Fürstenbund

The (Deutsche) Fürstenbund (" League of Princes") was an alliance of mostly Protestant princes in the Holy Roman Empire formed in 1785 under the leadership of Frederick II of Prussia.

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Füssen

Füssen is a town in Bavaria, Germany, in the district of Ostallgäu, situated from the Austrian border.

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Febronianism

Febronianism was a powerful movement within the Roman Catholic Church in Germany, in the latter part of the 18th century, directed towards the nationalizing of Catholicism, the restriction of the power of the papacy in favor of that of the episcopate, and the reunion of the dissident churches with Catholic Christendom.

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February 1937

The following events occurred in February 1937.

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February 9

No description.

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Federal Chancellery (Austria)

The Federal Chancellery (Bundeskanzleramt), abbreviated BKA, is a federal agency on cabinet-level, serving as the executive office of the Chancellor of Austria.

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Feldkirch, Vorarlberg

Feldkirch is a medieval city in the western Austrian state of Vorarlberg on the border with Switzerland and Liechtenstein.

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Felice Salimbeni

Felice Salimbeni (c. 1712 - 16 October 1755) was an Italian castrato opera singer.

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Felix Ivo Leicher

Felix Ivo Leicher (May 18 or 19, 1727 - February 20, 1812) was a Czech-born Viennese painter of altarpieces and secular works, which was spread to a wide area throughout the Habsburg Empire and beyond.

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Ferdinand Augustin Hallerstein

Ferdinand Augustin Haller von Hallerstein (Ferdinand Avguštin Haller von Hallerstein; 27 August 1703 – 29 October 1774), also known as August Allerstein or by his Chinese name Liu Songling, was a Jesuit missionary and astronomer from Carniola (then Habsburg Monarchy, now Slovenia).

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Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor

Ferdinand I (Fernando I) (10 March 1503 – 25 July 1564) was Holy Roman Emperor from 1558, king of Bohemia and Hungary from 1526, and king of Croatia from 1527 until his death.

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Ferdinand II of Aragon

Ferdinand II (Ferrando, Ferran, Errando, Fernando) (10 March 1452 – 23 January 1516), called the Catholic, was King of Sicily from 1468 and King of Aragon from 1479 until his death.

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Ferdinand Johann von Morzin

Ferdinand Johann Graf von Morzin (born 1756 in Ptenín; died 27 February 1805 in Prague) was an Austrian infantry commander during the French Revolutionary Wars.

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Ferdinand Konščak

Ferdinand Konščak (Fernando Consag) (December 2, 1703 – September 10, 1759) was a Croatian Jesuit missionary, explorer and cartographer.

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Ferdinand, 5th Prince Kinsky of Wchinitz and Tettau

Ferdinand, 5th Prince Kinsky of Wchinitz and Tettau (Ferdinand Johann Nepomuk Fürst Kinsky von Wchinitz und Tettau; 5 December 17813 November 1812) was the 5th Prince Kinsky of Wchinitz and Tettau.

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Ferdinánd Pálffy

Count Ferdinánd Pálffy de Erdőd (1 February 1774 – 4 February 1840) was a mining engineer and civil servant of the Austrian Empire who is better remembered for his role in managing the Theater an der Wien, Vienna, in pursuit of which he lost his not inconsiderable fortune and retired from his creditors in Vienna.

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Ferdo Livadić

Ferdo Livadić (Ferdinand Wiesner) (30 May 1799 – 8 January 1879) was a Croatian composer.

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Ferenc Deák

Ferenc Deák de Kehida (archaically English: Francis Deak, Franjo Deák; 17 October 180328 January 1876) was a Hungarian statesman and Minister of Justice.

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Ferenc Kölcsey

Ferenc Kölcsey (archaically English: Francis Kolcsey, 8 August 1790 in Sződemeter – 24 August 1838) was a Hungarian poet, literary critic, orator, and politician, noted for his support of the liberal current inside the Habsburg Empire.

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Ferenc Pfaff

Ferenc Pfaff (born as Franz Pfaff, Mohács, 19 November 1851 – Budapest, 21 August 1913) was a Hungarian-Austrian architect and academic.

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Ferhad Pasha Sokolović

Ferhad Pasha Sokolović (Sokollu Ferhad Paşa, Ferhad-paša Sokolović) (died 1586) was an Ottoman general and statesman from Bosnia.

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Ferlach

Ferlach (Borovlje) in the district of Klagenfurt-Land in Carinthia is the southernmost town in Austria.

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Fidelis of Sigmaringen

Fidelis of Sigmaringen, O.F.M. Cap. (1577 - 1622) was a Capuchin friar who was a major figure in the Counter-Reformation, and was murdered by his opponents at Seewis im Prättigau, now part of Switzerland.

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Field marshal

Field marshal (or field-marshal, abbreviated as FM) is a very senior military rank, ordinarily senior to the general officer ranks.

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Filip Šimetin Šegvić

Filip Šimetin Šegvić (born 11 February 1986) is a Croatian historian.

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Filippo Maria Visconti (bishop)

Filippo Maria Visconti (1721–1801) was the Archbishop of Milan from 1784 to 1801.

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First Battle of Dego

The Battle of Dego took place in present-day Italy during the War of the First Coalition between French and Austrian armies on 21 September 1794.

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First Battle of Komárom (1849)

The First battle of Komárom was one of the most important battles of the Hungarian War of Independence, fought on 26 April 1849, between the Hungarian and the Austrian Imperial main armies, which ended, in some opinions with a Hungarian victory, while others say that actually it was undecided.

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First Battle of Marengo (1799)

The First Battle of Marengo or Battle of San Giuliano (16 May 1799) saw Republican French soldiers under General of Division Jean Victor Marie Moreau launch a reconnaissance in force against a larger force of Habsburg Austrian and Imperial Russian troops led by Field Marshal Alexander Suvorov.

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First Battle of Wissembourg (1793)

In the First Battle of Wissembourg (13 October 1793) an Allied army commanded by Dagobert Sigmund von Wurmser attacked the French Army of the Rhine under Jean Pascal Carlenc.

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First Battle of Zurich

In the First Battle of Zurich on 4 – 7 June 1799, French general André Masséna was forced to yield the city to the Austrians under Archduke Charles and retreat beyond the Limmat, where he managed to fortify his positions, resulting in a stalemate.

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First Geneva Convention

The First Geneva Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded in Armies in the Field, held on 22 August 1864, is the first of four treaties of the Geneva Conventions.

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First Hungarian Reformed Church of New York

The First Hungarian Reformed Church of New York (New York-i Első Magyar Református Egyház) is located on East 69th Street in the Upper East Side of the New York City borough of Manhattan.

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First League of Armed Neutrality

The first League of Armed Neutrality was an alliance of European naval powers between 1780 and 1783 which was intended to protect neutral shipping against the Royal Navy's wartime policy of unlimited search of neutral shipping for French contraband.

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First Partition of Poland

The First Partition of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth took place in 1772 as the first of three partitions that ended the existence of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth by 1795.

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First Serbian Uprising

The First Serbian Uprising (Први српски устанак, Prvi srpski ustanak, Birinci Sırp Ayaklanması) was an uprising of Serbs in the Sanjak of Smederevo against the Ottoman Empire from 14 February 1804 to 7 October 1813.

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First Silesian War

The First Silesian War was a theatre of the War of the Austrian Succession.

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First Tarnovo Uprising

The First Tarnovo uprising (Първо търновско въстание, Parvo tarnovsko vastanie) was a Bulgarian uprising against the Ottoman rule based in the former Bulgarian capital, Tarnovo, that broke out in 1598 and was severely crushed by the Ottoman authorities.

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Fiuman dialect

The Fiuman dialect (fiumano, Fiuman: fiuman) is the dialect of the Venetian language spoken in the Croatian city of Rijeka (Fiume).

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Fiume question

In the aftermath of the First World War, the Fiume Question ("La Questione di Fiume" in Italian, "Riječko Pitanje" in Croatian), part of the larger Adriatic Question or Adriatic Problem concerned the fate of the territory that was part of the Corpus Separatum of Fiume, the Royal Free City and one of the only two free ports of the Austro-Hungarian empire.

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Flag of Austria

The flag of Austria (Flagge Österreichs) has three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and red.

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Flag of Germany

The flag of Germany or German Flag (Flagge Deutschlands) is a tricolour consisting of three equal horizontal bands displaying the national colours of Germany: black, red, and gold (Schwarz-Rot-Gold).

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Flag of Hungary

The flag of Hungary (Magyarország zászlaja) is a horizontal tricolour of red, white and green.

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Flag of Saxony

Both the civil and state flag of the German state of Saxony feature a bicolour of white over green, similar to the Austrian province of Styria although they are historically not related to each other.

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Flag of the Habsburg Monarchy

Since the days of Rudolph of Habsburg and the 1283 Treaty of Rheinfelden, the combination of red-white-red was widely considered to be the Austrian (later also Inner Austrian) colours used by the ruling Habsburg dynasty.

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Flag of Vojvodina

There are two flags in official use in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina, the Flag of Vojvodina and the Traditional flag of Vojvodina.

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Flanders Campaign

The Flanders Campaign (or Campaign in the Low Countries) was conducted from 6 November 1792 to 7 June 1795 during the first years of the French Revolutionary Wars.

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Flóris Korb

Flóris Korb (born as Flóris Nándor Korb, Kecskemét, 7 April 1860 – Budapest, 16 September 1930) was a Hungarian architect.

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Flüchtlingspolitik (German Refugee Policies)

The term Flüchtlingspolitik, refers to the legal provisions and the handling of refugees and asylum seekers wanting to enter a country, and/or subsequently staying there for a long period of time.

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Flight of the Wild Geese

The Flight of the Wild Geese was the departure of an Irish Jacobite army under the command of Patrick Sarsfield from Ireland to France, as agreed in the Treaty of Limerick on 3 October 1691, following the end of the Williamite War in Ireland.

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Florian Baucke

Florian Baucke, also Florian Paucke, Florian Pauke, Florián Baucke (24 September 1719, Winzig (Wińsko), Silesia/Bohemian Royal Lands, (15261742) Habsburg Monarchy (Austria) 14 July 1779, Neuhaus (Jindřichův Hradec), Bohemia, Austria) was a Silesian and Bohemian Jesuit missionary, who recorded the native traditions of South America.

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Florimond Claude, Comte de Mercy-Argenteau

Florimond Claude, comte de Mercy-Argenteau (20 April 1727 – 25 August 1794) was an Austrian diplomat.

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Focșani

Focșani (Fokschan; Foksány; Fokşan; Foqshan) is the capital city of Vrancea County in Romania on the shores the Milcov River, in the historical region of Moldavia.

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Foreign alliances of France

The foreign alliances of France have a long and complex history spanning more than a millennium.

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Foreign Ministry of Austria-Hungary

The Imperial and Royal Foreign Ministry (k. u. k. Ministerium des Äußern.) was the ministry responsible for the foreign relations of the Austro-Hungarian Empire from the formation of the Dual Monarchy in 1867 until it was dissolved in 1918.

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Former administrative divisions of Romania

The 41 județe (counties) and the municipality of Bucharest comprise the official administrative divisions of Romania.

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Former countries in Europe after 1815

This article gives a detailed listing of all the countries, including puppet states, that have existed in Europe since the Congress of Vienna in 1815 to the present day.

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Former eastern territories of Germany

The former eastern territories of Germany (Ehemalige deutsche Ostgebiete) are those provinces or regions east of the current eastern border of Germany (the Oder–Neisse line) which were lost by Germany after World War I and then World War II.

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Fort Knokke

Fort Knokke or Fort de Cnocke or Fort de la Knocque or Fort de Knocke was an important fortification that defended western Flanders from the 1580s until it was demolished in the 1780s.

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Fortifications of Kotor

The fortifications of Kotor (Italian: Cattaro) are an integrated historical fortification system that protected the medieval town of Kotor containing ramparts, towers, citadels, gates, bastions, forts, cisterns, a castle, and ancillary buildings and structures.

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Fortress of Arad

The Fortress of Arad is a fortification system built in the city of Arad, on the left bank of the Mureş River in the 18th century at the direct order of the Habsburg Empress Maria Theresa.

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Fortress of Luxembourg

The Fortress of Luxembourg refers to the former fortifications of Luxembourg City, the capital of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, which were mostly dismantled in 1867.

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Fossar de les Moreres

The Fossar de les Moreres (literally "Grave of the Mulberries") is a memorial square in Barcelona (Catalonia, Spain), adjacent to the basilica of Santa Maria del Mar.

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Frampol

Frampol is a town in Poland, in Biłgoraj County, Lublin Voivodeship.

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Fran Đivo Gundulić

Count Fran Đivo Gundulić or Francesco Giovanni Gondola; (born 1633, Dubrovnik - died 1700, Vienna) was a member of an old noble family from Dubrovnik (then Republic of Ragusa), the House of Gundulić.

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Fran Krsto Frankopan

Fran Krsto Frankopan (Frangepán Ferenc Kristóf; 4 March 1643 – 30 April 1671) was a Croatian baroque poet, nobleman and politician in the 17th century.

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Fran Zwitter

Fran Zwitter (24 October 1905 – 14 April 1988) was a Slovenian historian.

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François Joseph de Choiseul, marquis de Stainville

François Joseph de Choiseul, marquis de Stainville (1700–1770) was a diplomat and courtier in the service of the Dukes of Lorraine.

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François Joseph Westermann

François Joseph Westermann (5 September 1751 – 5 April 1794) was a French general of the Revolutionary Wars and political figure of the French Revolution.

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François Sébastien Charles Joseph de Croix, Count of Clerfayt

François Sébastien Charles Joseph de Croix, Count of Clerfayt (14 October 1733 – 21 July 1798), a Walloon, joined the army of the Habsburg Monarchy and soon fought in the Seven Years' War.

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François Séverin Marceau

François Séverin Marceau-Desgraviers (1 March 1769 – 21 September 1796) was a French general of the Revolutionary Wars.

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Franc Serafin Metelko

Franc Serafin Metelko, also known as Fran Metelko (14 July 1779 – 27 December 1860) was a Slovene Roman Catholic priest, author, and philologist, best known for his proposal of a new script for the Slovene called the Metelko alphabet, which was meant to replace the traditional Bohorič alphabet, used since the late sixteenth century.

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France

France, officially the French Republic (République française), is a sovereign state whose territory consists of metropolitan France in Western Europe, as well as several overseas regions and territories.

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France in the American Revolutionary War

French involvement in the American Revolutionary War began in 1775, when France, a rival of the British Empire, secretly shipped supplies to the Continental Army.

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France Prešeren

France Prešeren (2 or 3 December 1800 – 8 February 1849) was a 19th-century Romantic Slovene poet, best known as the poet who has inspired virtually all later Slovene literature and has been generally acknowledged as the greatest Slovene classical author.

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France–Americas relations

France–Americas relations started in the 16th century, soon after the discovery of the New World by Christopher Columbus, and have developed over a period of several centuries.

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Francesc de Castellví i Obando

Francesc de Castellví i Obando (1682 - 15 September 1757) was a Catalan chronicler and historian who fought for the Austriacist side in the 1714 Siege of Barcelona.

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Francesco del Giudice

Francesco del Giudice (7 December 1647 – 10 October 1725) was a Roman Catholic cardinal from 1690 to 1725 who also held a variety of other ecclesiastical and governmental offices.

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Francesco Melzi d'Eril

Francesco Melzi d'Eril, Duke of Lodi, Count of Magenta, (Milan, 6 March 1753 - Bellagio, 16 January 1816) was an Italian politician and patriot, serving as vice-president of the Napoleonic Italian Republic (1802–1805).

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Francis I of France

Francis I (François Ier) (12 September 1494 – 31 March 1547) was the first King of France from the Angoulême branch of the House of Valois, reigning from 1515 until his death.

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Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor

Francis I (Franz Stefan, François Étienne; 8 December 1708 – 18 August 1765) was Holy Roman Emperor and Grand Duke of Tuscany, though his wife effectively executed the real powers of those positions.

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Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor

Francis II (Franz; 12 February 1768 – 2 March 1835) was the last Holy Roman Emperor, ruling from 1792 until 6 August 1806, when he dissolved the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation after the decisive defeat at the hands of the First French Empire led by Napoleon at the Battle of Austerlitz.

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Francisco José Debali

Francisco José Debali (26 July 1791 – 13 January 1859), born Debály Ferenc József, was a Hungarian-born composer who emigrated to Uruguay in 1838.

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Franciszek Ksawery Matejko

Franciszek Ksawery Matejko (Czech: František Xaver Matějka) (born 1789 or 13 January 1793 in Roudnice, died 26 October 1860 in Kraków) was a Czech musician, father of Polish painter Jan Matejko.

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Franciszek Ksawery Wierzchleyski

Archbishop Franciszek Ksawery Wierzchleyski (Франциск Ксаверій Вежхлейський; Franciszek Ksawery Wierzchleyski; 1 December 1803 – 17 April 1884) was a Roman Catholic prelate, who served as a Diocesan Bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Przemyśl from 27 July 1846 until 23 March 1860 and as the Metropolitan Archbishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Lviv from 23 March 1860 until his death on 17 April 1884.

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Franco-Austrian Alliance

The Franco-Austrian Alliance was a diplomatic and military alliance between France and Austria that was first established in 1756 following the First Treaty of Versailles which lasted for much of the remainder of the century until it was abandoned during the French Revolution.

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Franco-Dutch War

The Franco-Dutch War (1672–78), often simply called the Dutch War (Guerre de Hollande; Hollandse Oorlog), was a war fought by France, Sweden, Münster, Cologne and England against the Dutch Republic, which was later joined by the Austrian Habsburg lands, Brandenburg-Prussia and Spain to form a Quadruple Alliance.

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Franco-Ottoman alliance

The Franco-Ottoman alliance, also Franco-Turkish alliance, was an alliance established in 1536 between the king of France Francis I and the Turkish sultan of the Ottoman Empire Suleiman the Magnificent.

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Franco-Persian alliance

A Franco-Persian alliance or Franco-Iranian alliance was formed for a short period between the French Empire of Napoleon I and Fath Ali Shah against Russia and Great Britain between 1807 and 1809.

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Franjo Jelačić

Baron Franjo Jelačić Bužimski (English: Franz Jellacic, also Francis Yellachich of Buzhim or German: Franz Jellačić von Buzim, Hungarian: Ferenc Jellacsics de Buzim) (14 April 1746 – 4 February 1810) was a Croatian nobleman, a member of the House of Jelačić.

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Frankfurt

Frankfurt, officially the City of Frankfurt am Main ("Frankfurt on the Main"), is a metropolis and the largest city in the German state of Hesse and the fifth-largest city in Germany.

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Frankfurt Parliament

The Frankfurt Parliament (Frankfurter Nationalversammlung, literally Frankfurt National Assembly) was the first freely elected parliament for all of Germany, elected on 1 May 1848 (see German federal election, 1848).

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Frankfurter Judengasse

The Frankfurter Judengasse (from German: “Jews' Alley”) was the Jewish ghetto of Frankfurt and one of the earliest ghettos in Germany.

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František Josef Gerstner

František Josef Gerstner (Franz Josef von Gerstner, František Josef Gerstner; 23 February 1756 – 25 July 1832) was a Bohemian physicist and engineer.

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František Palacký

František Palacký (14 June 1798 – 26 May 1876) was a Czech historian and politician, the most influential person of the Czech National Revival, called "Father of the Nation".

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František Pištěk

Archbishop František de Paula Pištěk (Франтішек де Паула Піштек; Franciszek de Paula Pisztek; 6 April 1786 – 1 February 1846) was a Roman Catholic prelate, who served as a Titular Bishop of Azotus and Auxiliary Bishop of Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Prague from 27 September 1824 until 24 February 1832, a Diocesan Bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Tarnów from 24 February 1832 until 1 February 1836 and as the Metropolitan Archbishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Lviv and Primate of Galicia and Lodomeria from 1 February 1836 until his death on 1 February 1846.

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Františka Plamínková

Františka Plamínková (1875–1942) was a Czech feminist and suffrage activist.

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Frantisek Kotzwara

František Kočvara, known later in England as Frantisek Kotzwara (1730 – September 2, 1791), was a Czech violist, virtuoso double bassist and composer.

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Franz de Paula Adam von Waldstein

Franz de Paula Adam Norbert Wenzel Ludwig Valentin von Waldstein (14 February 1759 – 24 May 1823) was an Austrian soldier, explorer and naturalist.

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Franz Ergert

Franz Ergert (also Ergerth) was an Austrian textile manufacturer and a pioneer of industrialisation.

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Franz Ferdinand von Rummel

Franz Ferdinand von Rummel (28 October 1644, Weiden in der Oberpfalz, – 15 March 1716, Vienna) was educator and religious tutor of Emperor Joseph I, Bishop of Tinin, Provost of Ardagger and Wroclaw, and was from 1706 to 1716 the Prince-Bishop of Vienna.

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Franz Grillparzer

Franz Seraphicus Grillparzer (15 January 1791 – 21 January 1872) was an Austrian writer who is chiefly known for his dramas.

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Franz Joseph I of Austria

Franz Joseph I also Franz Josef I or Francis Joseph I (Franz Joseph Karl; 18 August 1830 – 21 November 1916) was Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary, and monarch of other states in the Austro-Hungarian Empire, from 2 December 1848 to his death.

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Franz Joseph Sigismund von Roggenbach

Franz Joseph Sigismund von Roggenbach (1726–1794) was the Prince-Bishop of Basel from 1782 to 1794.

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Franz Joseph, Count Kinsky

Franz Joseph, Count Kinsky of Wchinitz and Tettau (6 December 1739 – 9 June 1805) was a Habsburg Austrian general in the War of the Bavarian Succession and the French Revolutionary Wars.

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Franz Joseph, Marquis de Lusignan

Franz Joseph, Marquis de Lusignan (23 June 1753 – 23 December 1832), a Spaniard, joined the Austrian army and fought against Prussian soldiers and Belgian rebels.

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Franz Petrasch

Franz, Freiherr von Petrasch (1746 – 17 January 1820) was an Austrian general officer serving in the Austrian Empire during the French Revolutionary Wars.

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Franz Seraph of Orsini-Rosenberg

Prince Franz Seraph of Orsini-Rosenberg (18 October 1761 – 4 August 1832) was born a member of Orsini-Rosenberg family, son of Prince Vinzenz Fererius von Orsini-Rosenberg and Maria Juliana, Countess von Stubenberg.

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Franz von Lauer

Franz von Lauer (11 May 1736 – 11 September 1803) began his service in the Habsburg Austrian army as an engineer officer and advanced to high rank during his career.

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Franz von Werneck

Franz Freiherr von Werneck, born 13 October 1748 – died 17 January 1806, enlisted in the army of Habsburg Austria and fought in the Austro-Turkish War, the French Revolutionary Wars, and the Napoleonic Wars.

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Franz von Weyrother

Franz von Weyrother (1755 – 16 February 1806) was an Austrian staff officer and general who fought during the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars.

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Franz Xaver Gebauer

Franz Xaver Gebauer (c1784 — 13 December 1822), born in Prussian Silesia, was an organist, composer of church music, and choirmaster and music director of the Augustinian Church, Vienna.

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Franz Xaver Luschin

Archbishop Franz Xaver Luschin (Franc Ksaver Lušin; 3 December 1781 – 2 May 1854) was a Roman Catholic prelate, who served as a Diocesan Bishop of Trento from 24 May 1824 until 23 June 1834, a Metropolitan Archbishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Lviv and Primate of Galicia and Lodomeria from 23 June 1834 until 6 April 1835 and a Metropolitan Archbishop of Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Gorizia and Gradisca from 6 April 1835 his death on 2 May 1854.

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Franz Xaver Richter

Franz (Czech: František) Xaver Richter, known as François Xavier Richter in France (December 1, 1709 – September 12, 1789) was an Austro-Moravian singer, violinist, composer, conductor and music theoretician who spent most of his life first in Austria and later in Mannheim and in Strasbourg, where he was music director of the cathedral.

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Franz Xaver Saint-Julien

Franz Xaver Johann Nepomuk Graf Saint-Julien und Walsee (French: François-Xavier de Guyard, comte de Saint-Julien) (baptised 12 October 1756; died 16 January 1836 in Skalička) was an Austrian infantry commander during the French Revolutionary Wars and the War of the Fifth Coalition.

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Franz-Joseph Müller von Reichenstein

Franz-Joseph Müller, Freiherr von Reichenstein or Franz-Joseph Müller von Reichenstein (1 July 1740 or 4 October 1742 – 12 October 1825 or 1826) was an Austrian mineralogist and mining engineer. Müller held several positions in the Habsburg Empire administration of mines and coinage in the Banat, Transylvania, and Tyrol. During his time in Transylvania he discovered tellurium in 1782. In his later career he became a member of the imperial council in Vienna and was knighted and elevated to the rank Freiherr in 1820.

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Frasin

Frasin (Frassin) is a town in Suceava County, mountainous north-eastern Romania.

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Frýdek, Frýdek-Místek

Frýdek (Latin: Fridecca, German: Friedek, Friedeck, Polish: Frydek) was an independent town in Silesia that was joined with the Moravian town of Místek on 1 January 1943 to form the town of Frýdek-Místek.

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Frœschwiller

Frœschwiller is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France.

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Frederic Baraga

Irenaeus Frederic Baraga (June 29, 1797 – January 19, 1868; Irenej Friderik Baraga) was a Slovenian Roman Catholic missionary to the United States and a grammarian of Native American languages.

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Frederick I of Württemberg

Frederick I (Friedrich Wilhelm Karl; 6 November 1754 – 30 October 1816) was the last Duke of Würtemberg, then briefly Elector of Württemberg, and was later elevated to the status of King of Württemberg, by Napoleon I. He was known for his size: at and about.

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Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor

Frederick III (21 September 1415 – 19 August 1493), was Holy Roman Emperor from 1452 until his death.

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Frederick V of the Palatinate

Frederick V (Friedrich V.; 26 August 1596 – 29 November 1632) was the Elector Palatine of the Rhine in the Holy Roman Empire from 1610 to 1623, and served as King of Bohemia from 1619 to 1620.

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Frederick William II of Prussia

Frederick William II (Friedrich Wilhelm II.; 25 September 1744 – 16 November 1797) was King of Prussia from 1786 until his death.

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Free infantry

Free infantry (Frei-Infanterie) units were autonomous military units established in the second half of the 18th century, which operated as light troops independently of armies using rigid linear tactics.

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Free Territory of Trieste

The Free Territory of Trieste (Territorio libero di Trieste, Svobodno tržaško ozemlje; Slobodni Teritorij Trsta) was an independent territory situated in Central Europe between northern Italy and Yugoslavia, facing the north part of the Adriatic Sea, under direct responsibility of the United Nations Security Council in the aftermath of World War II.

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Freemasonry in Luxembourg

Freemasonry in Luxembourg traces its local origins to the 18th century.

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Freemasonry in Romania

Freemasonry in Romania traces its origins to the eighteenth century.

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Freikorps

Freikorps ("Free Corps") were German volunteer units that existed from the 18th to the early 20th centuries, which effectively fought as mercenary or private armies, regardless of their own nationality.

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Frelichów

Frelichów (Fröhlichhof) is a village in Gmina Chybie, Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland.

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French First Republic

In the history of France, the First Republic (French: Première République), officially the French Republic (République française), was founded on 22 September 1792 during the French Revolution.

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French invasion of Russia

The French invasion of Russia, known in Russia as the Patriotic War of 1812 (Отечественная война 1812 года Otechestvennaya Voyna 1812 Goda) and in France as the Russian Campaign (Campagne de Russie), began on 24 June 1812 when Napoleon's Grande Armée crossed the Neman River in an attempt to engage and defeat the Russian army.

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French people in Hungary

Historically, there was a significant French community residing in Hungary, who firstly came during the 11–13th century and then, once more, in a separate wave of settlement starting in the 18th century.

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French Revolution

The French Revolution (Révolution française) was a period of far-reaching social and political upheaval in France and its colonies that lasted from 1789 until 1799.

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French Revolutionary Wars

The French Revolutionary Wars were a series of sweeping military conflicts lasting from 1792 until 1802 and resulting from the French Revolution.

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French–German enmity

French–German (Franco-German) enmity (Rivalité franco-allemande Deutsch–französische Erbfeindschaft) was the idea of unavoidably hostile relations and mutual revanchism between Germans and French people that arose in the 16th century and became popular with the Franco–Prussian War of 1870–1871.

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Friedensreich Hundertwasser

Friedrich Stowasser (December 15, 1928 – February 19, 2000), better known by his pseudonym Friedensreich Regentag Dunkelbunt Hundertwasser, was an Austrian-born New Zealand artist and architect who also worked in the field of environmental protection.

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Friedrich Bogislav von Tauentzien

Friedrich Bogislav von Tauentzien (18 April 1710 – 21 March 1791) was a Prussian general who served during the wars of King Frederick the Great.

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Friedrich Grünanger

Friedrich Grünanger (25 January 1856 – 14 December 1929) was a Transylvanian Hungarian-German architect who worked primarily in Bulgaria.

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Friedrich Heinrich von Gottesheim

Friedrich Heinrich Freiherr von Gottesheim (1749 in Geudertheim – 5 April 1808 in Prague) was a French soldier and Austrian commander in the time of the French Revolutionary Wars and the War of the Third Coalition.

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Friedrich Heinrich von Seckendorff

Friedrich Heinrich von Seckendorff Friedrich Heinrich Reichsgraf von Seckendorff (5 July 1673 – 23 November 1763) was a Franconian field marshal and diplomat, in the service of the imperial Habsburg monarchy of Austria.

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Friedrich Joseph, Count of Nauendorf

Friedrich Joseph of Nauendorf, a general in Habsburg service during the French Revolutionary Wars, was noted for his intrepid and daring raids.

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Friedrich von der Trenck

Friedrich Freiherr von der Trenck (16 February 1726 – 25 July 1794) was a Prussian officer, adventurer, and author.

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Friedrich Wilhelm von Grumbkow

Friedrich Wilhelm von Grumbkow (4 October 1678 – 18 March 1739) was a Prussian Generalfeldmarschall and statesman.

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Friedrich Wilhelm von Haugwitz

Friedrich Wilhelm Graf von Haugwitz (Friedrich Wilhelm Graf von Haugwitz), Fridrich Vilém Haugwitz; 11 December 1702, Saxony – 30 August 1765, Deutsch Knönitz (Miroslavské Knínice), Habsburg Moravia) was Supreme Chancellor of the United Court Chancery and the head of Directorium in publicis et cameralibus under Maria Theresa of Austria. He also served as one of the key advisors in instituting Maria Theresa's reforms. Haugwitz attempted to bring both centralization and economic reform to the Habsburg lands.

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Friedrich Wilhelm von Seydlitz

Friedrich Wilhelm Freiherr von Seydlitz (3 February 1721 – 8 November 1773) was a Prussian officer, lieutenant general, and among the greatest of the Prussian cavalry generals.

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Friuli

Friuli is an area of Northeast Italy with its own particular cultural and historical identity.

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Fruška Gora

Fruška Gora is a mountain in north Srem.

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Fulnek

Fulnek (Fulnek) is a town in the Moravian-Silesian Region, Czech Republic, exactly 29,2 km south from Opava and 40 km west from Ostrava.

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Further Austria

Further Austria, Outer Austria or Anterior Austria (Vorderösterreich, formerly die Vorlande (pl.)) was the collective name for the early (and later) possessions of the House of Habsburg in the former Swabian stem duchy of south-western Germany, including territories in the Alsace region west of the Rhine and in Vorarlberg.

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Futog

Futog is a suburban settlement of the city of Novi Sad, Serbia.

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Gabriel Venance Rey

Gabriel Venance Rey or Antoine Gabriel Rey (24 July 1763 – 20 April 1836) was a general officer in the army of France during the French Revolutionary Wars.

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Gabriel von Salamanca-Ortenburg

Gabriel von Salamanca (1489 – 12 December 1539) was a Spanish nobleman who served as general treasurer and archchancellor of the Habsburg archduke (and future Emperor) Ferdinand I of Austria from 1521 to 1526.

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Gabriela von Habsburg

Gabriela von Habsburg (born 14 October 1956) also known as Archduchess Gabriela of Austria, is the granddaughter of Charles I, the last Emperor of Austria.

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Gabrijel Palković

Gabrijel Palković, O.S.B.M. (15 April 1715 – 25 February 1759) was a Ruthenian and Croatian Greek Catholic hierarch.

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Gabrijel Smičiklas

Gabrijel Smičiklas (24 March 1783 – 14 March 1856) was a Croatian Greek Catholic hierarch.

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Gaeta

Gaeta (Caiēta, Ancient Greek: Καιέτα) is a city and comune in the province of Latina, in Lazio, central Italy.

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Gakovo

Gakovo is a village in Serbia.

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Galicia (Eastern Europe)

Galicia (Ukrainian and Галичина, Halyčyna; Galicja; Czech and Halič; Galizien; Galícia/Kaliz/Gácsország/Halics; Galiția/Halici; Галиция, Galicija; גאַליציע Galitsiye) is a historical and geographic region in Central Europe once a small Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia and later a crown land of Austria-Hungary, the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, that straddled the modern-day border between Poland and Ukraine.

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Galician Jews

Galician Jews or Galitzianers are a subdivision of the Ashkenazim geographically originating from Galicia, from western Ukraine (current Lviv, Ivano-Frankivsk, and Ternopil regions) and from the south-eastern corner of Poland (Podkarpackie and Lesser Poland voivodeships).

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Ganz Works

The Ganz Works or Ganz (or Ganz Művek, Ganz enterprises or Ganz companies) was a group of companies operating between 1845 and 1949 in Budapest, Hungary.

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Géza Pálffy

Géza Pálffy (born 9 February 1971) is a Hungarian historian, full (university) professor.

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Górki Małe, Silesian Voivodeship

is a village in Gmina Brenna, Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland.

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Górki Wielkie

Górki Wielkie is a village in Gmina Brenna, Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland.

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Göran Wahlenberg

Georg (Göran) Wahlenberg (1 October 1780 – 22 March 1851) was a Swedish naturalist.

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Görschen family

Görschen is an old German noble family originating from the 12th century.

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Gül Baba

Gül Baba (died 1541), also known as Jafer, was an Ottoman Bektashi dervish poet and companion of Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent who took part in a number of Ottoman invasions of Europe from the reign of Mehmed II onwards.

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Głębowice, Lesser Poland Voivodeship

Głębowice is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Osiek, within Oświęcim County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland.

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Głogów

Głogów (Glogau, rarely Groß-Glogau, Hlohov) is a town in southwestern Poland.

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Genealogy of the Rothschild family

The Rothschild family is a European family of German Jewish origin that established European banking and finance houses from the late eighteenth century.

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General Land Centennial Exhibition (1891)

The General Land Centennial Exhibition was a World's fair held in 1891 in Prague, then in the Austria–Hungarian Empire.

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Generalfeldmarschall

Generalfeldmarschall (general field marshal, field marshal general, or field marshal;; abbreviated to Feldmarschall) was a rank in the armies of several German states and the Holy Roman Empire; in the Habsburg Monarchy, the Austrian Empire and Austria-Hungary, the rank Feldmarschall was used.

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Geography of Croatia

The geography of Croatia is defined by its location— it is described as being a part of southeastern Europe.

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Geography of Poland

Poland is a country in Central Europe with an area of 312,679 square kilometres (120,726 sq. mi.), and mostly temperate climate.

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Georg Christian, Fürst von Lobkowitz

Johann Georg Christian, Prince von Lobkowitz (or Lobkowicz), (Prague August 10, 1686 – Vienna October 4, 1755) was an Austrian Generalfeldmarschall.

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Georg Forster

Johann Georg Adam Forster (November 27, 1754Many sources, including the biography by Thomas Saine, give Forster's birth date as November 26; according to Enzensberger, Ulrich (1996) Ein Leben in Scherben, Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag,, the baptism registry of St Peter in Danzig lists November 27 as the date of birth and December 5 as the date of baptism. – January 10, 1794) was a German naturalist, ethnologist, travel writer, journalist, and revolutionary.

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Georg Händel

Georg Händel (Halle, Archbishopric of Magdeburg, 24 September 1622 – Halle, Duchy of Magdeburg, 11 February 1697) was a barber-surgeon and the father of Georg Frideric Handel.

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Georg Joseph Beer

Georg Joseph Beer (23 December 1763 – 11 April 1821) was an Austrian ophthalmologist.

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Georg Wolfgang Wedel

Georg Wolfgang Wedel (12 November 1645 – 6 September 1721) was a German professor of surgery, botany, theoretical and practical medicine, and chemistry.

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George Abraham von Dyhrn

George Abraham von Dyhrn, 1st Baron of Dyhrn (1620–1671), was an Austrian Chancellor in the province of Silesia, politician and a landowner in the Habsburg monarchy.

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George Calvert, 1st Baron Baltimore

George Calvert, 1st Baron Baltimore ((1580 – 15 April 1632) was an English politician and coloniser. He achieved domestic political success as a member of parliament and later Secretary of State under King James I. He lost much of his political power after his support for a failed marriage alliance between Prince Charles and the Spanish House of Habsburg royal family. Rather than continue in politics, he resigned all of his political offices in 1625 except for his position on the Privy Council and declared his Catholicism publicly. He was created Baron Baltimore in the Irish peerage upon his resignation. Baltimore Manor was located in County Longford, Ireland. Calvert took an interest in the British colonisation of the Americas, at first for commercial reasons and later to create a refuge for persecuted English Catholics. He became the proprietor of Avalon, the first sustained English settlement on the southeastern peninsula on the island of Newfoundland (off the eastern coast of modern Canada). Discouraged by its cold and sometimes inhospitable climate and the sufferings of the settlers, he looked for a more suitable spot further south and sought a new royal charter to settle the region, which would become the state of Maryland. Calvert died five weeks before the new Charter was sealed, leaving the settlement of the Maryland colony to his son Cecil (1605–1675). His second son Leonard Calvert (1606–1647) was the first colonial governor of the Province of Maryland.

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George Frideric Handel

George Frideric (or Frederick) Handel (born italic; 23 February 1685 (O.S.) – 14 April 1759) was a German, later British, Baroque composer who spent the bulk of his career in London, becoming well-known for his operas, oratorios, anthems, and organ concertos.

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George Khevenhüller

Georg von Khevenhüller (also spelled as Gjuro or George Khevenhiller; 22 April 1533 – 9 September 1587) was a Carinthian nobleman of the Khevenhüller dynasty.

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George William, Duke of Liegnitz

George William (Georg Wilhelm), also known as George IV William; Jerzy IV Wilhelm; 29 September 1660 – 21 November 1675) was the last Silesian duke of Legnica and Brzeg from 1672 until his death. He was the last male member of the Silesian Piast dynasty descending from Władysław II the Exile (1105–1159).

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Georgenberg Pact

The Georgenberg Pact (also called Georgenberg Compact, Georgenberger Handfeste) was a treaty signed between Duke Leopold V of Austria and Duke Ottokar IV of Styria on 17 August 1186 at Enns Castle on the Georgenberg mountain.

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Georges Danton

Georges Jacques Danton (26 October 1759 – 5 April 1794) was a leading figure in the early stages of the French Revolution, in particular as the first president of the Committee of Public Safety.

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Georgi Emmanuel

Count Georgi Arsenijevič Emmanuel (Russian: Георгий Арсеньевич Эммануэль; Banat of Temeswar, 13 April 1775 - Kirovohrad, 26 January 1837) was a Russian general of the Napoleonic Wars of Serbian origin.

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Georgios Sinas

Georgios Sinas (Γεώργιος Σίνας., Georg Sina, 20 November 1783 - 18 May 1856) was a Greek entrepreneur, banker, national benefactor of Greece and father of the Greek national benefactor of Austria, Simon Sinas.

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Gerald Stourzh

Gerald Stourzh (born 15 May 1929 in Vienna, Austria) is an Austrian historian who studies modern history, especially the history of North America, of Austria, of political ideas, of constitutions and especially of human rights.

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Gerard van Swieten

Gerard van Swieten (7 May 1700 – 18 June 1772) was a Dutch-Austrian physician.

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Gerasim Zelić

Gerasim Zelić (Герасим Зелић; 1752–1828) was a renowned Serbian Orthodox Church archimandrite, traveller and writer (a contemporary and compatriot of Dositej Obradović).

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Gerhard Rosselmini

Gerhard Ritter von Rosselmini or Gerhard Rosselmini or Gerhard Roselmini (c. 1742 – 19 November 1796) became a general officer in the Austrian army during the French Revolutionary Wars and fought in several actions against Napoleon Bonaparte's French army during the 1796 Italian campaign.

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Gerlachovský štít

Gerlachovský štít (translated into English as Gerlachov Peak), informally referred to as Gerlach, is the highest peak in the High Tatras, in Slovakia, and in the whole long Carpathian mountain chain.

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German language

German (Deutsch) is a West Germanic language that is mainly spoken in Central Europe.

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German names for Central European towns

This article deals with the historic German language names of towns and cities in Central Europe.

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German nationalism

German nationalism is the nationalist idea that Germans are a nation, promotes the unity of Germans and German-speakers into a nation state, and emphasizes and takes pride in the national identity of Germans.

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German Question

The German Question was a debate in the 19th century, especially during the Revolutions of 1848, over the best way to achieve the unification of Germany.

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German–Serbian dictionary (1791)

The 1791 German–Serbian dictionary, referred to as the Avramović Dictionary (Аврамовићев речник or Avramovićev rečnik; full title in Deutsch und Illyrisches Wörterbuch zum Gebrauch der Illyrischen Nation in den K. K. Staaten; full title in Slavonic-Serbian: Нѣмецкïй и сербскïй словарь на потребу сербскагѡ народа въ крал. державахъ, transliterated as Německij i serbskij slovar' na potrebu serbskago naroda v kral. deržavah, meaning "German and Serbian Dictionary for Use by the Serbian People in the Royal States"), is a historical bidirectional translation dictionary published in the Habsburg Empire's capital of Vienna in 1791, though 1790 is given as the year of publication in some of its copies.

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Germanisation of the Province of Posen

The Germanisation of the Province of Posen was a policy of the Kulturkampf measures enacted by German Chancellor Otto von Bismarck, whose goal was to Germanize Polish-speaking areas in the Prussian Province of Posen by eradicating and discrimination of Polish language and culture, as well as to reduce the influence of the "ultramontanist" Roman Catholic clergy in those regions.

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Germanism (linguistics)

A Germanism is a loan word or other loan element borrowed from German for use in some other language.

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Germans

Germans (Deutsche) are a Germanic ethnic group native to Central Europe, who share a common German ancestry, culture and history.

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Germans of Croatia

In Croatia, there are over 2,900 people who consider themselves German, most of these Danube Swabians.

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Germans of Hungary

German Hungarians (Ungarndeutsche, Magyarországi németek) are the German-speaking minority of Hungary sometimes called the Danube Swabians (German: Donauschwaben), (Hungarian: Dunai svábok) in Germany, many of whom call themselves "Shwoveh".

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Germans of Romania

The Germans of Romania or Rumäniendeutsche are an ethnic group of Romania.

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Germans of Serbia

The Germans of Serbia (Nemci u Srbiji/Немци у Србији, Serbiendeutsche) are an ethnic minority of Serbia which numbers 4,064 people according to last population census from 2011.

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Germany

Germany (Deutschland), officially the Federal Republic of Germany (Bundesrepublik Deutschland), is a sovereign state in central-western Europe.

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Germany–Poland relations

German–Polish relations have a long and complicated history.

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Gheorghe Șincai

Gheorghe Șincai (February 28, 1754 – November 2, 1816) was an ethnic Romanian Transylvanian historian, philologist, translator, poet, and representative of the Enlightenment-influenced Transylvanian School.

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Gheorghe Lazăr

Gheorghe Lazăr (5 June 1779 – 17 September 1823), born and died in Avrig, Sibiu County, was a Transylvanian, later Romanian scholar, the founder of the first Romanian language school in Bucharest, 1818.

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Gherla

Gherla (Szamosújvár; Neuschloss) is a city in Cluj County, Romania (in the historical region of Transylvania).

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Gherla Prison

Gherla Prison is a penitentiary located in the Romanian city of Gherla.

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Giacomo Cantelmo

Giacomo Cantelmo (13 June, 1645 – 11 December, 1702) was a Roman Catholic cardinal from 1690 to 1702.

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Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette

Marie-Joseph Paul Yves Roch Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette (6 September 1757 – 20 May 1834), in the United States often known simply as Lafayette, was a French aristocrat and military officer who fought in the American Revolutionary War.

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Gilowice, Żywiec County

Gilowice is a village in Żywiec County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland.

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Giorgio Basta

Giorgio Basta, Count of Huszt (1540 – 1607) was an Italian general, diplomat, and writer of Arbëreshë origin, employed by the Holy Roman Emperor Rudolf II to command Habsburg forces in the Long War of 1591–1606.

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Giovanni Marchese di Provera

Giovanni Marchese di Provera, or Johann Provera, born c. 1736 – died 5 July 1804, served in the Austrian army in Italy during the French Revolutionary Wars.

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Girolamo Grimaldi (1674–1733)

Girolamo Grimaldi (1674 – 18 November 1733) was a cardinal who worked in the diplomatic service of the Holy See and in the government of the Papal States.

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Girolamo Lucchesini

Girolamo Lucchesini (7 May 1751 – 20 October 1825) was a diplomat of the Kingdom of Prussia.

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Girondins

The Girondins, Girondists or Gironde were members of a loosely knit political faction during the French Revolution.

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Giulio Alberoni

Giulio Alberoni (30 May 1664 OS – 26 June NS 1752) was an Italian cardinal and statesman in the service of Philip V of Spain.

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Giuseppe Archinto

Giuseppe Archinto (or Archinti, 1651–1712) was an Italian diplomat, Cardinal and Archbishop of Milan from 1699 to 1712.

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Giuseppe Cobolli Gigli

Giuseppe Cobolli Gigli (28 May 1892 in Trieste – 22 July 1987 in Malnate) was an Italian politician, member of Benito Mussolini's fascist government from 1935 to 1939 as minister of Public Works.

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Giuseppe Pasquale Ricci

Giuseppe Pasquale Ricci (d. 1791) was a leading figure in late-18th-century Trieste, at the time a free port within the Habsburg Empire.

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Giuseppe Pozzobonelli

Giuseppe II Pozzobonelli (or Puteobonellus, 1696–1783) was an Italian Cardinal and the Archbishop of Milan from 1743 to 1783.

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Gliwice

Gliwice (Gleiwitz) is a city in Upper Silesia, southern Poland, near Katowice.

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Glorious First of June

The Glorious First of June (also known in France as the Bataille du 13 prairial an 2 or Combat de Prairial)Note A of 1794 was the first and largest fleet action of the naval conflict between the Kingdom of Great Britain and the First French Republic during the French Revolutionary Wars.

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Glottertal

Glottertal is a town in the district of Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald in Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany.

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Gmina Chrząstowice

Gmina Chrząstowice / German: Gemeinde Chronstau is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Opole County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland.

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Gmina Jemielnica

Gmina Jemielnica, German Gemeinde Himmelwitz is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Strzelce County, Opole Voivodeship, in south-western Poland.

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Goczałkowice-Zdrój

Goczałkowice-Zdrój (Bad Gottschalkowitz) is a village in Pszczyna County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland.

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Godziszów, Silesian Voivodeship

Godziszów is a village in Gmina Goleszów, Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland, close to the border with the Czech Republic.

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Golejów, Rybnik

Golejów (Golleow) is a district of Rybnik, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland.

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Goleszów

Goleszów (Golleschau) is a village and the seat of Gmina Goleszów (an administrative district) in Cieszyn County in Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland.

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Golubac Fortress

The Golubac Fortress (Голубачки град or Golubački grad, Galambóc vára, Гълъбец, Cetatea Golubăț, Güvercinlik Kalesi) was a medieval fortified town on the south side of the Danube River, 4 km downstream from the modern-day town of Golubac, Serbia.

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Goraj, Lublin Voivodeship

Goraj is a village in Biłgoraj County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland.

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Goriška

Goriška is a historical region in western Slovenia on the border with Italy.

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Gorizia

Gorizia (Gorica, colloquially stara Gorica 'old Gorizia'; Görz, Standard Friulian: Gurize; Southeastern Friulian: Guriza; Bisiacco: Gorisia) is a town and comune in northeastern Italy, in the autonomous region of Friuli Venezia Giulia.

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Gorlice

Gorlice is a city and an urban municipality ("gmina") in south eastern Poland with around 29,500 inhabitants (2008).

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Gorski Kotar

Gorski Kotar (Gorski kotar,; 'Highlands' or 'Mountain District') is the mountainous region in Croatia between Karlovac and Rijeka.

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Gospić

Gospić is a town and municipality in the mountainous and sparsely populated region of Lika, Croatia.

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Gospođinci

Gospođinci is a village in the municipality of Žabalj, in the South Bačka District of Serbia.

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Gotartowice

Gotartowice (Gotartowitz) is a district of Rybnik, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland.

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Gothic Revival architecture in Poland

Gothic Revival architecture was developed in Poland mainly after the country was partitioned between Prussia, Austria and Russia.

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Gottfried van Swieten

Gottfried, Freiherr van Swieten (October 29, 1733 – March 29, 1803) was a Dutch-born Austrian diplomat, librarian, and government official who served the Austrian Empire during the 18th century.

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Gottschee

Gottschee (Kočevsko) refers to a former German-speaking region in Carniola, a crownland of the Habsburg Empire, part of the historical and traditional region of Lower Carniola, now in Slovenia.

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Gottscheers

Gottscheers are the German settlers of the Kočevje region (a.k.a. Gottschee) of Slovenia, formerly Gottschee County.

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Graf

Graf (male) or Gräfin (female) is a historical title of the German nobility, usually translated as "count".

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Grand Ducal Family of Luxembourg

The Grand Ducal Family of Luxembourg constitutes the House of Luxembourg-Nassau, headed by the sovereign Grand Duke, and in which the throne of the grand duchy is hereditary.

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Grand Duchess Alexandra Pavlovna of Russia

Grand Duchess Alexandra Pavlovna of Russia, (Александра Павловна: 9 August 1783 at Saint Petersburg – 16 March 1801 in Buda) was a daughter of Tsar Paul I of Russia and sister of Emperors Alexander I and Nicholas I. She married Archduke Joseph of Austria, Governor of Hungary.) Her marriage was the only Romanov-Habsburg marital alliance that ever occurred.

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Grand Duchy of Lithuania

The Grand Duchy of Lithuania was a European state that lasted from the 13th century up to 1795, when the territory was partitioned among the Russian Empire, the Kingdom of Prussia, and Austria.

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Grassalkovich Palace

The Grassalkovich Palace (Grasalkovičov palác) is a palace in Bratislava and the residence of the president of Slovakia.

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Great Continental Railway Journeys

Great Continental Railway Journeys is a British television documentary series presented by Michael Portillo.

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Great Emigration

The Great Emigration (Wielka Emigracja) involved the emigration of thousands of Poles, particularly from the political and cultural elites, from 1831 to 1870, after the failure of the November Uprising and of other uprisings (1846, 1863).

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Great Migrations of the Serbs

The Great Migrations of the Serbs (Velike seobe Srba/Велике сеобе Срба), also known as the Great Exodus of the Serbs, refers mainly to two large migrations of Serbs from the Ottoman Empire to the Habsburg Monarchy.

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Great Northern War plague outbreak

During the Great Northern War (1700–1721), many towns and areas of the Circum-Baltic and East-Central Europe suffered from a severe outbreak of the plague with a peak from 1708 to 1712.

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Great Turkish War

The Great Turkish War (Der Große Türkenkrieg) or the War of the Holy League (Kutsal İttifak Savaşları) was a series of conflicts between the Ottoman Empire and the Holy League consisting of the Habsburg Empire, Poland-Lithuania, Venice and Russia.

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Greater Croatia

Greater Croatia (Velika Hrvatska) is a term applied to certain currents within Croatian nationalism.

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Greek Catholic Eparchy of Križevci

The Eparchy of Križevci is an eparchy (diocese) of the Catholic Church for Eastern Catholics of Byzantine Rite in part of the former Yugoslavia, with its seat in Križevci, Croatia.

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Greek Plan

The Greek Plan or Greek Project is an early solution to the Eastern Question which was advanced by Catherine the Great in the early 1780s.

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Gregory IV of Constantinople

Gregory IV (Γρηγόριος Δ΄) was Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople for two months in 1623.

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Grenz infantry

Grenz infantry or Grenzers (from Grenzer; graničari, krajišnici, граничари, крајишници) were light infantry troops who came from the Military Frontier in the Habsburg Monarchy (later the Austrian Empire and Austria-Hungary).

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Grigore Cugler

Grigore Cugler (Gregorio or Gregori Cugler; also known under the pen name Apunake; – September 30, 1972) was a Romanian avant-garde short story writer, poet and humorist.

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Grigore III Ghica

Grigore III Ghica was twice the Prince of Moldavia between 29 March 1764 – 3 February 1767 and September 1774 – 10 October 1777 and of Wallachia: 28 October 1768 – November 1769.

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Grigore Maior

Grigore Gavrila Maior, O.S.B.M. (1715 – 7 February 1785) was Bishop of Făgăraş and Primate of the Romanian Greek Catholic Church from 1773 to his resignation in 1782.

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Grigory Potemkin

Prince Grigory Aleksandrovich Potemkin-Tavricheski (Григо́рий Алекса́ндрович Потёмкин-Таври́ческий; r Grigoriy Aleksandrovich Potyomkin-Tavricheskiy; A number of dates as late as 1742 have been found on record; the veracity of any one is unlikely to be proved. This is his "official" birth-date as given on his tombstone. –) was a Russian military leader, statesman, nobleman and favourite of Catherine the Great.

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Großbeeren

Großbeeren is a municipality in the district of Teltow-Fläming in the German state of Brandenburg.

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Grodków

Grodków is a town in Brzeg County, Opole Voivodeship in Poland, the administrative seat of Gmina Grodków.

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Grodziec, Silesian Voivodeship

Grodziec is a village in Gmina Jasienica, Bielsko County, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland.

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Grojec, Oświęcim County

Grojec is a historic village in Oświęcim County in Lesser Poland Voivodeship in Poland.

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Grunwald Swords

The Grunwald Swords (miecze grunwaldzkie, Žalgirio kalavijai) were a gift presented by Ulrich von Jungingen, the Grand Master of the Order of Teutonic Knights, to King Władysław II Jagiełło of Poland and Grand Duke Vytautas of Lithuania on 15 July 1410, just before the Battle of Grunwald (Tannenberg).

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Grybów

Grybów (Грибів, Hrybiv; Grünberg, Grynberk; גריבאוו, Gribuv),Prof.

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Grzawa

Grzawa is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Miedźna, within Pszczyna County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland.

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Grzegorz Gerwazy Gorczycki

Grzegorz Gerwazy Gorczycki (ca. 1665 to 1667 – 30 April 1734) was a Polish Baroque composer.

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Guard mounting

Guard mounting, or changing the guard, is a formal ceremony in which sentries providing ceremonial guard duties at important institutions are relieved by a new batch of sentries.

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Gudbrand Gregersen de Saág

Gudbrand Gregersen de Saág (born as Gudbrand Gregersen; 17 April 1824 – 24 December 1910) was a Norwegian-born Norwegian-Hungarian bridge engineer, architect and member of the Hungarian nobility since 1884.

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Guelders

Guelders or Gueldres (Gelre, Geldern) is a historical county, later duchy of the Holy Roman Empire, located in the Low Countries.

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Guidobaldo del Monte

Guidobaldo del Monte (11 January 1545 – 6 January 1607, var. Guidobaldi or Guido Baldi), Marquis del Monte, was an Italian mathematician, philosopher and astronomer of the 16th century.

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Gumna

Gumna is a village in Gmina Dębowiec, Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland.

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Gura Humorului

Gura Humorului (Hebrew and Yiddish: גורה חומורולוי - Gur’ Humuruluei or גורא הומאָרא - Gur' Humura; German and Polish: Gura Humora) is a town in Suceava County, north-eastern Romania.

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Gustav Heinse

Gustav Heinse (Густав Хайнзе), born Josef K. Klein (1896–1971), was a poet and translator who was mostly active in Bulgaria, where he lived and worked from 1924 until his death.

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Gustav Klimt

Gustav Klimt (July 14, 1862 – February 6, 1918) was an Austrian symbolist painter and one of the most prominent members of the Vienna Secession movement.

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Gustav Mahler

Gustav Mahler (7 July 1860 – 18 May 1911) was an Austro-Bohemian late-Romantic composer, and one of the leading conductors of his generation.

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Gusztáv Gratz

Gusztáv Gratz (30 March 1875 in Gölnicbánya – 21 November 1946 in Budapest) was a Hungarian politician, who served as Minister of Foreign Affairs in 1921.

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Guty (Třinec)

(Polish) is a village in Frýdek-Místek District, Moravian-Silesian Region, Czech Republic.

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Gvozd

Gvozd (Гвозд/Вргинмост) is a municipality in central Croatia, Sisak-Moslavina County.

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György Klimó

György Klimó (4 April 1710 – 2 May 1777) was Bishop of Pécs and founder of the Klimó library and printing press.

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Gymnasium of Karlovci

The Gymnasium of Karlovci (Karlovačka gimnazija / Карловачка гимназија) is the high school (gymnasium) located in the town of Sremski Karlovci.

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Gyula Pártos

Gyula Pártos (born as Julius Puntzmann, 17 August 1845 – 22 December 1916) was a Hungarian architect.

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Hałcnów

Hałcnów is a osiedle (district) of Bielsko-Biała, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland.

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Hażlach

Hażlach (Haslach) is a village and the seat of Gmina Hażlach in Cieszyn County in Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland.

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Habsburg (disambiguation)

Habsburg generally refers to the House of Habsburg, an important and influential European family that held several royal titles.

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Habsburg flag

The Habsburg flag consists of two equal bands of black (top) and yellow, and was used in the Habsburg Empire and is also the house flag of the House of Habsburg.

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Habsburg Kingdom of Hungary

The term Habsburg Kingdom of Hungary can refer to the following parts of the Habsburg Empire (since 1804 called the Austrian Empire and since 1867 the Austria-Hungary).

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Habsburg Netherlands

Habsburg Netherlands is the collective name of Holy Roman Empire fiefs in the Low Countries held by the House of Habsburg and later by the Spanish Empire, also known as the Spanish Netherlands.

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Habsburg Spain

Habsburg Spain refers to the history of Spain over the 16th and 17th centuries (1516–1700), when it was ruled by kings from the House of Habsburg (also associated with its role in the history of Central Europe).

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Habsburg-occupied Serbia

Habsburg-occupied Serbia may refer to several periods and territories in the history of Central Serbia.

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Habsburg-occupied Serbia (1686–91)

Habsburg-occupied Serbia refers to the period between 1686 and 1691 of the Great Turkish War (1683–99), during which the territory of present-day Serbia (which was de jure Ottoman territory) was occupied by the Habsburg Monarchy.

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Habsburg-occupied Serbia (1788–92)

Koča's frontier (Кочина крајина/Kočina krajina) refers to the Serbian territory established in the Sanjak of Smederevo, Ottoman Empire, during the Austro-Turkish War (1787–91).

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Habsburg–Persian alliance

A Habsburg–Persian alliance or Habsburg-Safavid alliance was attempted and to a certain extent achieved in the 16th century between the Habsburg Empire and the Safavid Empire in their common conflict against the Ottoman Empire.

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Hacı Halil Pasha

Hacı Halil Pasha was an Ottoman Grand vizier.

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Hadži-Ruvim

Hadži-Ruvim (Хаџи-Рувим; 19 April 1752 – 29 January 1804), born Rafailo Nenadović (Рафаило Ненадовић), was a Serbian Orthodox archimandrite (superior abbot) of the Bogovađa Monastery, near Lajkovac, who was part of a plot to overthrow the Dahije, renegade Janissaries that had taken control of the Sanjak of Smederevo.

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Hațeg

Hațeg (Wallenthal; Hátszeg) is a town in Hunedoara County, Romania with a population of 9,340.

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Halže

Halže (Hals) is a village in the Plzeň Region of the Czech Republic.

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Hall in Tirol

Hall in Tyrol is a town in the Innsbruck-Land district of Tyrol, Austria.

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Halych

Halych (Halyč; Halici; Halicz; Galič; Halytsch) is a historic city on the Dniester River in western Ukraine.

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Hans Erasmus Aßmann

Hans Erasmus Aßmann, Freiherr von Abschatz (4 February 1646 – 22 April 1699) was a German statesman and poet from the second Silesian school.

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Hans Joachim von Zieten

Hans Joachim von Zieten, sometimes spelled Johann Joachim von Ziethen, (14 May 1699 – 26 January 1786), also known as Zieten aus dem Busch, was a cavalry general in the Prussian Army.

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Hans Kraus

Hans Kraus (November 28, 1905 in Austria-Hungary to March 6, 1996 in New York City) – physician, physical therapist, mountaineer, and alpinist – was a pioneer of modern rock climbing, as well as being one of the fathers of sports medicine and physical medicine and rehabilitation.

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Hans Krebs (SS general)

Hans Krebs (26 April 1888 – 15 February 1947) was an Ethnic German Nazi Party member and SS-Brigadeführer from Czechoslovakia.

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Hans Maler zu Schwaz

Hans Maler zu Schwaz (1480/1488–1526/1529) was a German painter born in Ulm and active as portraitist in the village of Schwaz, near Innsbruck.

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Hans Rothfels

Hans Rothfels (12 April 1891 – 22 June 1976) was a nationalist conservative German historian.

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Hans von Halban

Hans Heinrich von Halban (24 January 1908 – 28 November 1964) was a French physicist, of Austrian-Jewish descent.

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Hans von Ungnad

Hans von Ungnad (1493-1564) was 16th-century Habsburg nobleman who was best known as founder of the South Slavic Bible Institute established to publish Protestant books translated to South Slavic languages.

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Harbours in Vienna

For a long time, it was not necessary to build a Harbour in Vienna, because the existing natural landing points were sufficient for the level of trade on the Danube.

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Harbutowice, Silesian Voivodeship

Harbutowice (Harbutowitz) is a village in Gmina Skoczów, Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship, southern Poland.

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Harmęże

Harmęże is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Oświęcim, within Oświęcim County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland.

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Harrach

The Harrach family is a Czech and Austro-German noble family.

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Havlíčkův Brod

Havlíčkův Brod, Německý Brod until 1945 (Deutschbrod) is a town in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic.

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Háry János

Háry János is a Hungarian folk opera (that is, a spoken play with songs, in the manner of a Singspiel) in four acts by Zoltán Kodály to a Hungarian libretto by Béla Paulini (1881–1945) and Zsolt Harsányi, based on the comic epic The Veteran (Az obsitos) by János Garay.

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Höchst (Frankfurt am Main)

Höchst is a city district of Frankfurt am Main, Germany.

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Heřmanice (Ostrava)

Heřmanice (Herzmanice or Hermanice, Herzmanitz) is a part of the city of Ostrava, Moravian-Silesian Region in the Czech Republic.

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Hebdów

Hebdów is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Nowe Brzesko, within Proszowice County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland.

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Hecznarowice

Hecznarowice (wym. Hylciadüf) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wilamowice, within Bielsko County, Silesian Voivodeship, in southern Poland.

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Heidenau–Kurort Altenberg railway

The Heidenau–Kurort Altenberg railway, also known in German as the Müglitztalbahn ("Müglitz Valley Railway") is a German railway in Saxony.

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Heinrich von Bellegarde

Count Heinrich von Bellegarde, Viceroy of Lombardy-Venetia (Heinrich Joseph Johannes, Graf von Bellegarde or sometimes Heinrich von Bellegarde) (29 August 175622 July 1845), of a noble Savoyard family, was born in Saxony, joined the Saxon army and later entered Habsburg military service, where he became a general officer during in the Habsburg border wars, the French Revolutionary Wars and the Napoleonic Wars.

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Helen Macfarlane

Helen Macfarlane, born Barrhead, 25 September 1818 (registered in the Abbey Parish of Paisley), Renfrewshire, Scotland, died Nantwich, Cheshire, England 29 March 1860, was a Scottish Chartist feminist journalist and philosopher, known for her 1850 translation into English of the Communist Manifesto by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels which was published in German in 1848.

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Helmut Qualtinger

Helmut Qualtinger (alt. sp. Helmuth Qualtinger) (8 October 1928 – 29 September 1986) was an Austrian actor, writer, reciter and cabaret performer.

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Henckel von Donnersmarck

The Henckel von Donnersmarck family is an Austro-German noble family that originated in the former region of Spiš in Upper Hungary, now in Slovakia.

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Henri Louis, Prince of Guéméné

Henri Louis de Rohan, Prince of Guéméné (Henri Louis Marie; 30 August 1745 – 24 April 1809), was a French courtier and the penultimate Grand Chamberlain of France.

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Henry Fox, 1st Baron Holland

Henry Fox, 1st Baron Holland, PC (28 September 1705 – 1 July 1774) was a leading British politician of the 18th century.

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Henryk Łubieński

Henryk Jan Nepomucen Łubieński, Pomian coat of arms, (born 11 July 1793 in Prague, died 17 September 1883 in Wiskitki, Poland) – was the scion of a Polish magnate family, landowner, financier, lawyer, early industrialist, economic activist, and co-founder of the Towarzystwo Kredytowe Ziemskie w Królestwie Polskim, a banking credit institution in Congress Poland.

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