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Most recent monarch of each European country
There is seems to be inconsistency with the used definition, it seems to me? What the one you used?
Two things which stood out: the last person to be crown king of Poland was the tsar Nicolas I. Was Horthy ever declared a king of Hungary? Ive thought he was "merely" a regent, which is not a monarch.
I chose whoever was the last monarch to be *of* that country, and not in union with or ruled by another monarchy. I chose Horthy because Hungary was officially a kingdom at the time he was head of state, which imo basically made him a monarch.
Then you got Croatia wrong, the last (Croat) king of Croatia was Petar Snačić.
By my understanding Croatia was under a personal union with Hungary at that time, rather than a political one. The titles of King of Hungary and King of Croatia were separate.
Well you did make an exception to unions in your previous comment, but yeah, they were in a personal union.
The last king of croatia wouldnt be the one from saboya-aosta during the ustacha time?
Then why is Kaiser Franz the last one of Slovenia but not Croatia?
Horthy
Just did a little research and found out he was just the regent,kinda like Franco
Franco didn't call himself a regent. He pandered neither to the fascists or carlists. When he realized his days were numbered, he gave his succession of absolute power to the Pretender to the Spanish throne.
When franco finally bit the dust, this monarch restored democracy, so the nation kept him (the monarch) with his title.
To point this out, Horthy was not monarch, but regent. And Croatia by technicality was Tomislav II
And even if we dimiss Tomislav as either uncrowned (because he never came to Croatia and an official crowning was never held) or illegitimate because he was imposed during the Axis occupation and the fascist puppet regime, the last King of Croatia would be Karl IV Habsburg, and not Louis II.
Same could be said of Hungary. And Tomislav was..... “confirmed” (?) in a ceremony in Italy in 1941, if that counts for anything
Well yeah, whether that counts for anything or not is the debate. I'd like to say no because I hate the fascist puppet state, and because the "confirmation" lacked any relevant symbolism that would make it legitimate in the eyes of the people.
And yeah, I didn't mention Hungary because I agree with you.
Notice how San Marino isn't included. It's because they we don't know any monarchs from prior to them adopting they're current form of government in 1243.
Also, whoever made this map is really goading some Greeks with North Macedonia.
Notice how San Marino isn't included. It's because they we don't know any monarchs from prior to them adopting they're current form of government in 1243.
They could take a Roman emperor.
They don't know any monarchs prior to them declaring themselves sovereign, which was in 301. To be honest, San Marino is the only state to never have any monarch in all its existence. Which is kind of remarkable, we must admit, because no European monarchy nor kingdom has last that long, and the only longest monarchy would be the Japanese one. Not bad for a Republic (which tempered my opinions on them because Republics, like Monarchies, are both viable: the problem is not the system of government but the size of the country).
Being small and insignificant can really help you stay alive especially in early modern times
They're entire history can be summed up by "conquer them? why bother?"
Like during WW1, when the Italian government had gotten into it's head that they where housing Austrian spies, and if they didn't hand them out Italy would have all phone and Telegraph lines to the country cut.
Fun fact the Bulgarian Tsar Simeon II came back in 2001 and won the election becoming Prime Minister.
Well TIL Emanuel Macron is also the prince of Andorra
Yes, Andorra has a tradition of having the current President of France and the current Prime Minister of Spain to be the Prince's of Andorra, although not at the same time. I'm not sure when the change over happens but I think it's every 6 months.
Bishop of Urgell, not the Spanish PM.
PM of France and the Bishop of Urgell, and yes they are both princes at the same time.
Border geopolitics between France and Spain are of the weirdest of the world. The President of France and the Bishop of Urgell (not the Prime Minister of Spain) are co-princes at the same time (but hold very few power, true power being into the hands of the PM of Andorra). The Isle of Pheasants, on the other hand, is the only current territory in the world where, effectively, the sovereignty change every six months (the 1st of July and 1st of February).
Republic of Moldova is wrong. The territory of present day Rep. of Moldova was under Russian Empire at the time Alexandru Ioan Cuza was ruler of the Romanian Principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia.
You appear to be right. I guess I assumed that modern day Moldova was included in that territory, but it seems like it wasn't.
I wasn't, but it was part of Greater Romania at the time of Michael I.
If we do get technical about things southern Basarabia was part of Moldavia and was part of unification of Romania but in that case technically would be Carol 1st as the last monarch but in all reality Michael was the last Monarch
I lol'd at north macedonia
Lol indeed
Well Latvia was never a monarchy( or even a thing prior to 1918)and the last monarch to rule Latvia was Nicholas II So why did you choose him?
As he was the last duke of Courland and Semigallia, it's probably because that's what approches the most modern Latvia
For Cyprus, wouldn’t it be Queen Elizabeth II, due to Cyprus’s status as a British colony?
She never ruled Cyprus as a separate country. It became a republic immediately after independence from Britain, unlike Ireland or Malta which were initially Commonwealth dominions.
Which is another thing. George VI was the last King of Ireland, not Edward VIII. He retained minor but still legal constitutional powers until the ambiguity was resolved in 1949
Yeah I know. I chose Edward VIII because he was the last undisputed monarch in Ireland. The constitution was changed after his abdication to remove all references to the monarchy.
God bless king Michael the first.
You got Poland wrong the official King is Jesus Christ.
Fun fact about the last Bulgarian Tsar, he also served as the Prime Minister of Bulgaria from 2001-2005
About Moldova...
why tf is Perseus on West Bulgaria
Persus isn't skopjan
I like the choice of photo of our Bulgarian tzar.
Weren't the titles of Grand Duke of Posen and Congress Poland separate monarchies? And it seems Moldova was an integrant part of Romania.
King Peter I ruled Serbia from 1903 to 191i then from 1918 to 1921 he was king of Yugoslavia or rather kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, so yeah if you count him only as the last king of Serbia he ruled over Serbia from 1903 to 1918 not as a stated in the map.
Can someone explain Slovenia? Why Franz Joseph with this particular reign (why not Charles I of Peter II) ? Was Slovenia independent during the Hungarian revolution of 1848?
Wouldn’t Switzerland still have been under the Emperor of the HRE?
Made mistake for Uk its 1952- ∞. Queen is immortal.
Thanks for not putting Nikolai II to Ukraine!
San Marino's last monarch, by the way, was Maximian (of Western Rome).
Actually, from 1813 to 1915 the Russian Tsar held the title of the "King of Poland" and Russian part of former Poland was Kingdom of Poland (despite not being an independent state, but a part of Russian Empire). And between 1915 until the end of the First World War in 1918 that Kingdom of Poland was captured and held by the German Empire with its Kaiser.
Nicholas I was deposed by the Polish diet in 1831 on the grounds of repeated violations of the constitution and the social contract. After that Russian tsars held Poland by the right of conquest so they aren't considered rightful rulers.
Nicolas II held the title of "Tsar of Poland" among many others nonetheless. And Wilhelm II was de facto the last monarch to rule over the Polish lands, although without a title of spelling exactly "Poland".
But still Nicholas I should be the last monarch
So F.Y.R.O.M....was not ruled by neither The Roman Empire...nor The Byzantine Empire...nor The Ottoman Empire....or even Alexander the Great's Empire.
Noone wanted them!
Eamonn De Valera was a president of Ireland, not a monarch. He was not the first or last either. Why is he there ?
Ruaidrí Uí Conchobair was considered the last King of Ireland
That's not Eamonn De Valera, it's Edward VIII of Britain, who was also officially king of the Irish Free State.
Actually George VI was the last King. Ireland had some constitutional ambiguities that were not resolved until 1949
Christ your right, i could have sworn i saw Eamo.
Although if using same criteria as elsewhere such as Kazakistan, Ukraine and Belorus it should still be Ruairí there.
I went with Edward VIII because Ireland was already an independent state by that time, so his title as king of Ireland was held separately from being king of the UK. On the other hand, places like Kazakhstan, Belarus etc. were not independent countries when they were under the Tsars, they were merely part of Russia.
If you went by that definition you'd probably end up with James II as he was proclaimed King of Ireland by an overwhelmingly catholic Irish parliament in 1689 (they also proclaimed him King of England and Scotland, as if those kingdoms were in union with Ireland - not the other way around), during the Williamite Wars. The phrasing of the Act essentially states that an English parliament cannot void an Irish monarch.
There was a pretty long while where the Stuarts (at least up to James II and his son 'James III') were considered by Irish people to be the last 'Irish' monarchs, since they descended from the Dál Riada (James II being catholic definitely helped). You even had antiquarians like Roderick O'Flaherty writings lists of Irish monarchs with a four-century long interregnum between Ruaidhrí and James VI/I. Though, for the purposes of this map I guess they wouldn't count because of the issue of the Stuart monarchy being a tripartite personal union.
N/A. Yessir
Spains monarch do be havin thicc eyebrows
Felipe VI is kind of a daddy
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Need to swap in Putin
One shown in Armenia is George I of Georgia
I am confused by slovakia ?
San Marino and Switzerland yeah N/A, but why Azerbaijan?
As far as I know there was never really anything resembling an independent Azerbaijani monarchy
Oh ok thanks!
Queen Elizabeth II there with her splash of pink on the map lol.
I don't know why, but all the black and white photos feel weird. you just realize all the history and what happened to those monarchs, or is that just me?
Ireland 1922 and/or even better should be pre-English king
Suprised you put the german in Finland
T’was more of a plan that never really started because the germans lost ww1
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France is wrong, Napoleon III was an emperor not a monarch. He could be an oligarch but not a monarch
An emperor is a monarch, by this logic Wilhelm I or the Tsar of russia is not a monarch
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Here there is a distinction between the monarchs and the emperors, maybe it's different in other countries, but it's definitly wrong with France then.
Austria-Hungary was a monarchy and it had an emperor. You're wrong.
yes, but here Napoleon III's time isn't considered as a political monarchy
Or we should consider african dictators as monarchs as well
TIL there is still a King of Spain...
Constitutional liberal-conservative monarchy would be the best system for Europe. Take a look for Spain, UK, Scandinavia, or even better, Japan, where human rights are the most respected there. Not a stupid federation which would only creates conflicts and chaos.
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