Ages and Stages

Frequently Asked Questions

• What are the stages of child development?

  Early childhood (birth to age 5), middle childhood (ages 6 to 12), and adolescence (ages 13 to 18) are three major stages of child development. Children may hit milestones associated with these stages a little faster or slower than others, and that's OK. Annual check-ups with a pediatrician can help you understand your child's unique physical and intellectual development track.

  Learn More: Child Development: Milestones and Parenting Tips
• What is the most important stage of child development?

  The early childhood years are especially important to set the stage for success and wellness. Between birth and age 3, your child's brain grows to 90 percent of its adult size. By providing children with healthy food, mental stimulation, and plenty of love during this tremendous period of growth, children are better able to develop important physical, emotional, and intellectual skills they'll lean on for a lifetime.

  Learn More: An Overview of Toddlers
• How can I improve my child's brain?

  Simply speaking to a young child often, whether you're chatting during a diaper change or pointing out things on a walk, can boost brain growth. Taking turns during interactions and playtime develops social and language skills. But perhaps the most powerful way to nurture children's brain development is to show care and love. Research shows that the brain regions critical to learning and memory grow more quickly in children of emotionally supportive parents.

  Learn More: Why Cognitive Skill Milestones Are Important
• Why does my child forget what he learns?

  It can take a lot of repetition for big, hard facts or skills—from shoe tying to long division—to sink in. If your child seems to be forgetting things more than usual, they could be stressed or short on sleep. If it's a problem that's been going on for a while, check in with a developmental pediatrician. They can explore whether your child might have a learning disability that might affect their working memory.

  Learn More: A Guide to What Your Child Will Learn by Grade
• Does a child's IQ increase with age?

  Your IQ (intelligence quotient) remains somewhat consistent throughout life, but it's not fixed. Studies have shown that IQ scores can fluctuate up (or sometimes down) in children, especially during the teenage years. Researchers point to natural developmental leaps rather than any particular mental exercises as a possible explanation.

  Learn More: Intelligence and the Ability to Learn
• Which food is good for a kid’s brain?

  Breastfeeding when they're babies is a great start (as is formula-feeding, or a combination of both!). As they grow, feed them a variety of foods that include plenty of nutrients including protein (meat, nuts, beans), choline (eggs), and omega-3 fatty acids (salmon, fish oils). Include green leafy vegetables whenever possible; they include brain-building folate, iron, and vitamin A.

  Learn More: Everything You Need to Know About Children's Vitamins and Minerals