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Bogdan Konstantynowicz, the Independent Poland Encyclopedia.
The French invasion of Malta -
then ruled by the Order of St. John and the Grand-Master Hompesch who was pro-Austrian - by the French First Republic led by Napoleon in June 1798,
was the revenge of France and Napoleon at the Maltese Order; it was obvious. And Russia's help to the Maltese Order was clear and obvious.
The invasion ended the 268-year-long Hospitaller rule in Malta.
The Grand Master and many of 332 knights left the island,
and the Tsar Paul I offered final assistance to the Order, raising money from Polish 'Commanderies' and founded the Grand Priory of Russia (1797).
Paul I of Russia was proclaimed Grand Master by some knights. The Order evolved into the Sovereign Military Order of Malta.
In 1800 Malta Protectorate was under British protection. Then the island was a British Crown colony in 1813.
The Illuminati and the Potocki family of Zator, Krzeszowice, Berezyna and Lubuszany:
The first on JAN Potocki, the writer:
Among the many esoteric traditions, Kabbalah had to fascinate Potocki.
Kabbalah had to fascinate Potocki just as a system.
This system - which is not an attempt to define it - creates the equivalences of ten Sefirot constituting the Tree of Life
and it refers to, among others, the hierarchy of archangels, angelic choirs, celestial spheres (including planets), and
even parts of the human body.
In 1785, Jan Potocki in Warsaw married Julia (1767-1794), the daughter of Izabela Lubomirski and the cousin to
Adam Jerzy Czartoryski (1770-1861). They moved home to Paris for 2 years. 1786, was born
Alfred (1786-1862).
Potocki make friends with Lady de Stael.
In 1787, Artur Potocki (1787-1832) was born.
Jan Potocki come to Spa, with Anna Teresa and Lady de Genlis. Potocki stayed in Antwerpia,
then in England; back to Paris. 1788 - he met Stanislaw August the King.
Moved to Ukraina;
met Stanislaw Szczesny Potocki; he, in Lublin, met Seweryn Potocki.
In Poznan and Sroda - he is elected a Great Poland deputy.
JAN Potocki corresponds with his brother-in-law, Ignacy Potocki;
Jan inherited together with Seweryn Potocki the property of
Jozef Potocki and Wincenty Potocki in Ukraine. In November, a political club with 150 members was founded in Warsaw.
According to the accounts of the orientalist Wladyslaw Kotwicz, Jan Potocki goes to Berlin,
where he
approached to Frederick William I and his uncle, Prince Henry.
It is likely that Jan Potocki was working in the libraries
of Ewald Hertzberg (1725- 1795), the minister of the king, and geographer Anton Friedrich Busching (1724-1793).
In October he goes to France and then in Leipzig and Landau. In Paris, he met Baron de Stael, the ambassador of Sweden.
Alexandra Feodorovna, born Princess Charlotte of Prussia (1798 - 1860), was Empress consort of Russia.
She was the wife of Emperor Nicholas I, and mother of Emperor Alexander II.
Charlotte was born the eldest surviving daughter of Frederick William III of Prussia, and Louise of Mecklenburg- Strelitz.
In 1814, her marriage was arranged for political reason with Grand Duke Nicholas Pavlovich of Russia,
the future Tsar Nicholas I.
Mentioned
Frederick William III / Friedrich Wilhelm III (1770 - 1840) was king of Prussia from 1797 to 1840.
His parents:
Frederick William II of Prussia + Frederika Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt.
Frederica Louisa of Hesse-Darmstadt (Friederike Luise; 1751 - 1805) was Queen consort of Prussia
as the second spouse of King Frederick William II.
Above named Frederick William II / Friedrich Wilhelm II, b. 1744, was King of Prussia from 1786.
His father
Prince Augustus William of Prussia, August Wilhelm, b. 1722, was Prince of Prussia and a
younger brother of Frederick II.
Augustus was the second surviving son of Frederick William I and Sophia Dorothea.
Frederick II of Prussia was succeeded by his nephew, Frederick William II, who married Louise of Brunswick - Wolfenbuettel [my mistake - note below !].
She was the sister of Frederick Duke of Brunswick, the Grand Master of the Strict Templar Observance,
and who had convened the great Masonic convention at Wilhelmsbad in Hessen-Kassel.
Frederick Wilhelm II of Prussia was the father of Frederick William III, who became a member of the Order of the Garter.
We back to Paszkowski Wojciech:
he acted together with Lozinski in Lancut;
Wojciech Paszkowski was Commissioner General to Artur Potocki.
Artur Stanislaw Potocki (b. 1787) -
a Napoleonic officer, the son of the writer and traveler Jan Potocki, and mentioned
Julia Potocka nee Lubomirski b. 1767 in PARIS
{JAN POTOCKI was the son of Józef Potocki b. 1735, d. 1802, Wien;
the grandson of Stanislaw Potocki 1698 - 1760;
the great-grandson of Józef Potocki 1673 - 1751;
the great-great-grandson of
Andrzej Potocki died in 1691 / 1692 in Stanislawow
- see below !}.
ARTUR Potocki married to Zofia Countess Branicka, probably granddaughter of Empress Katarzyna II.
He bought a Palace in Cracow; and in Krzeszowice he built a summer residence
{the cousin of General Franciszek Paszkowski - Paszkowski Franciszek (1818-1883), painter, landowner,
deputy to the Galician parliament, economic activist.
He was the son of Dominik Paszkowski and Anna Niemojewska (died 1872), the younger brother of Józef Edmund.
He learned painting with Rafal Hadziewicz, and then with Wojciech K. Stattler in Cracow, where
he lived with his uncles
Franciszek PASZKOWSKI, general, and Wojciech PASZKOWSKI junior, a member of the Galician government in 1809, the manager of
the Trzebnica estate and Krzeszowice.
Franciszek Paszkowski - painter - went to Düsseldorf (1838), Dresden and Rome for further studies.
He painted religious paintings, and many portraits: his father, brother and uncle, General Franciszek PASZKOWSKI
in 1814 [in Warsaw], Tytus Chalubinski, and Antonina Jachowicz.
Compare - MARIA WILHELMINA PASZKOWSKA ARMAND of MOSCOW}.
ARTUR POTOCKI in 1818, became an adept of the 33rd degree of the Scottish Masonic Lodge [the Templars].
Count Waclaw Rzewuski junior - CONSPIRATOR in Ukraine:
Waclaw Rzewuski, 1775-1831, certainly the most mysterious figure in the history of the world;
he bought Arabian horses, the son of the field commander
Seweryn Rzewuski and Konstancja Lubomirski.
After the death of his father, Waclaw Rzewuski, junior, became the heir of the fortune.
Already in student times, he took lessons in Arabic in Vienna.
And from his uncles, Jan Potocki and Adam Czartoryski - he had the first knowledge about Arab countries.
He was visiting Slawuta of SANGUSZKO [compare GRABIANKA],
Antonina and Biala Cerkiew, and he started to buy Arabian horses; 1817-1820 spent in the East.
Above SEWERYN RZEWUSKI:
During the Kosciuszko Uprising he was sentenced to death by the Supreme Criminal Court and executed in effigy on
29 September 1794. He was married to Konstancja Malgorzata Lubomirska and had three children,
Waclaw Rzewuski junior,
Izabella Rzewuska and
Maria Rzewuska.
Tadeusz Grabianka tried to expand the influence of the Illuminati Order through contacts with the European believers
of Swedenborg, during a trip to London in 1786 and in May 1787 in Paris.
Hindmarsh was the founder of Theosophical Society in England.
Together with De Thome;
Count Cagliostro;
with the member Chastanier - he was also the member of "illumine d'Avignon"
[with H. JONES in England; Marquis de THOME in Avignon; Thomas Duche - the son of Jacob Duche in 1785/1786].
Chastanier was a supporter of a Plan for a Universal Society [with JACOB DUCHE] of SWEDENBORG [Richard Brothers, too].
Hindmarsh was appointed in 1786 to Mason by Tadeusz Grabianka
- recruited him as a Mason; Hindmarsh helped print a pamphlet of Tadeusz Grabianka in London in 1787.
Tadeusz Grabianka propagated prophecies of how European thrones would topple and that papal authority would end with Pius VI; he also predicted that a mass social movement would arise. Grabianka pointed to the French Revolution of 1789 as confirmation of these prophecies.
In London, Grabianka met with Louis - Claude de Saint-MARTIN - who had come in 1785 to England;
Saint-Martin collaborated with Goran Ulrik Silverhjelm, Swedenborg's nephew, in 1790-1792.
Manoah SIBLY thus provided a tangible connection between Ebenezer SIBLY / Ebenezer Sibley,
and the Swedenborgian enthusiasts Philippe de LOUTHERBOURG, Peter Lambert de LINTOT and
Charles RAINSFORD - and in ca 1776 to CAGLIOSTRO.
Charles-Pierre-Paul, marquis de Savalette de Langes, b. in Tours in 1745, died in 1797;
he was captain of the national guards and
aide de camp of La Fayette.
Named above
Benedict Chastanier (1739 - ca 1816)
was a French surgeon.
"In 1767 he founded a lodge of Illumines Theosophes, based on the anonymous writings of Emanuel Swedenborg.
In 1774 he migrated to England.
In 1775 Chastanier and the Marquis de Thorn joined the Philalethes, a Masonic society founded by mentioned
Savalette de Langes in Paris.
In 1776 Chastanier founded Universal Society in London to disseminate Swedenborg's writing.
In 1782 Chastanier and Charles Rainsford reached out to kindred Illuminist groups in
Berlin and Paris by publishing a brochure in French about degrees of the Universal Society.
Chastanier was in contact with the Illumines of Avignon".
The Avignon Illuminati Association survived the period of persecution from the Inquisition.
During 1795-1799 period, the initiation hierarchy was established, and the temple of the Avinion Illuminati was
modeled on the Solomon Temple.
In 1799, Tadeusz Grabianka left France and he went to Galicia for a short time,
and then to Russia in St Petersburg. There he entered the circle of aristocracy;
in the autumn of 1804,
Tadeusz Grabianka found himself in Tulczyn with Stanislaw Szczesny Potocki (born 1751).
In 1805, the next protector of the "master" Tadeusz Grabianka, became Count August Ilinski (1766-1844), at whose
invitation he arrived in St. Petersburg in August 1805.
Probably Tadeusz Grabianka also brought di Cagliostro to Sutkowce and Grabianka set up an alchemical workshop -
laboratory for Cagliostro in July-August 1780. Tadeusz Grabianka was living in the Latyczow county, in Rajkowce and Sutkowce
[remember - Teresa Stadnicka, 1749-1826, the ILLUMINATI, the daughter of Stanislaw Stadnicki and Marta Lanckoronski,
was the wife of Tadeusz Grabianka - the ILLUMINATI;
they owned Sutkowice, Ostapkowice and Rajkowice at Podole / Podolia.
Named Stanislaw Stadnicki was the son of Jan Stadnicki and Katarzyna Peplowska - Stadnicka].