Anschluss

Anschluss ('joining') refers to the annexation of Austria into Nazi Germany on 12 March 1938. ^[1]

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Roosevelt, President of Austria, Prince Ernst of Hohenberg, Prince Philipp of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1901-1985), Princess Ileana of Romania, Princess Sophie of Hohenberg, Promedia Verlag, Prussian Union of Churches, Rab Butler, Radetzky March (novel), Radio 4 UK Theme, Raiffeisen Zentralbank, Ramón Serrano Suñer, Rattersdorf, Raul Hilberg, Régiments de marche de volontaires étrangers, Reaction of Russian intelligentsia to the 2014 annexation of Crimea, Regina Ullmann, Regular Masonic jurisdiction, Reich, Reichs-Rundfunk-Gesellschaft, Reichsadler, Reichsautobahn, Reichsgau Kärnten, Reichsgau Niederdonau, Reichsgau Oberdonau, Reichsgau Salzburg, Reichsgau Steiermark, Reichsgau Tirol-Vorarlberg, Reichsgau Wien, Reichskommissariat Niederlande, Reichsmark, Reichspost, Reichsstatthalter, Reichstag (Nazi Germany), Reichsvereinigung der Juden in Deutschland, Reichswerke Hermann Göring, Reinhard Heydrich, Religion in Nazi Germany, Religious views of Adolf Hitler, Remilitarization of the Rhineland, Republic of German-Austria, Rescue of Jews by Catholics during the Holocaust, Rescuers of Jews during the Holocaust, Research Office of the Reich Air Ministry, Responsibility for the Holocaust, Resurrection Day, Revivim, Rex Warner, Rheintal/Walgau Autobahn, Ricardo Odnoposoff, Richard Baier, Richard Erdoes, Richard Frey, Richard Grunberger, Richard Ritter von Strigl, Richard Schifter, Richard Schmitz, Richard Stöhr, Richard Steidle, Richard Tauber, Richard von Coudenhove-Kalergi, Ried im Innkreis, Right Through the Pack, Rixi Markus, Robert Bernardis, Robert Danneberg, Robert de Foy, Robert Eisler, Robert Henry Best, Robert Karplus, Robert M. 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Scarlett Epstein, Taking Children Seriously, Tanks in the German Army, Tarquin (opera), Tauern Autobahn, Teddy Kollek, Ten Green Bottles (book), Ternberg, Teutonic Order, The 158-Pound Marriage, The Accidental Caregiver, The Adventures of Hiram Holliday, The Adventures of Robin Hood, The Angel with the Trumpet (1950 film), The Art of Painting, The Attic: The Hiding of Anne Frank, The Black Book: The Nazi Crime against the Jewish People, The Dawn Patrol (1938 film), The Fall of the City, The Holocaust, The Honour Cross of the World War 1914/1918, The Resistible Rise of Arturo Ui, The Rome-Berlin Axis, The Royal Game, The Rules of the Game, The Secret Miracle, The Shape of Things to Come, The Song of Bernadette (novel), The Sound of Music, The Sound of Music (film), The Sound of Music Live!, The Trapp Family, The World of Yesterday, Themes in Nazi propaganda, Theodor Eicke, Theodor Innitzer, Theodor Kramer, Theodor Kretschmer, Theodore Bikel, Therese Schlesinger, Theresian Military Academy, Theresianum, Theresienstadt concentration camp, Thomas E. 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'38 – Vienna Before the Fall

38 – Vienna Before the Fall (38 – Auch das war Wien) is a 1987 Austrian-West German co-produced drama film directed by Wolfgang Glück.

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A Friendship in Vienna

A Friendship In Vienna is a 1988 Disney Channel film based on Doris Orgel's popular children's book The Devil in Vienna.

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A Mother's Love (1939 film)

A Mother's Love or Mother Love (German: Mutterliebe) is a 1939 drama film directed by Gustav Ucicky and starring Käthe Dorsch, Paul Hörbiger and Wolf Albach-Retty.

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A Salzburg Comedy

A Salzburg Comedy or Little Border Traffic (German:Der kleine Grenzverkehr) is a 1943 German comedy film directed by Hans Deppe and starring Willy Fritsch, Hertha Feiler and Heinz Salfner.

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A. G. Macdonell

Archibald Gordon Macdonell (3 November 1895 – 16 January 1941) was a Scottish writer, journalist and broadcaster, whose most famous work is the gently satirical novel England, Their England (1933).

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A. J. P. Taylor

Alan John Percivale Taylor (25 March 1906 – 7 September 1990) was an English historian who specialised in 19th- and 20th-century European diplomacy.

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Abwehr

The Abwehr was the German military intelligence service for the Reichswehr and Wehrmacht from 1920 to 1945.

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Academy of Fine Arts Vienna

The Academy of Fine Arts Vienna (Akademie der bildenden Künste Wien) is a public art school of higher education in Vienna, Austria.

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Ace of Aces (1982 film)

L'as des as (The Ace of Aces; alternate English title: The Super Ace) is a 1982 French-German comedy film starring Jean-Paul Belmondo and directed by Gérard Oury.

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Achau

Achau is a town in the district of Mödling in the Austrian state of Lower Austria.

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Adam Baworowski

Adam Baworowski (born 9 August 1913 in Vienna – 1943 in Stalingrad) was an Austrian-Polish tennis player.

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Adevărul

Adevărul (meaning "The Truth", formerly spelled Adevĕrul) is a Romanian daily newspaper, based in Bucharest.

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ADGZ

The Steyr ADGZ was originally developed as a heavy armored car for the Austrian army (its designation was "M35 Mittlerer Panzerwagen") from 1934 and delivered from 1935-37.

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Administrative divisions of Nazi Germany

The Gaue (Singular: Gau) were the de facto administrative sub-divisions of Nazi Germany, eclipsing the de jure Länder (states) of Weimar Germany in 1934.

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Adolf Eichmann

Otto Adolf Eichmann (19 March 1906 – 1 June 1962) was a German Nazi SS-Obersturmbannführer (lieutenant colonel) and one of the major organizers of the Holocaust.

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Adolf Hitler

Adolf Hitler (20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was a German politician, demagogue, and revolutionary, who was the leader of the Nazi Party (Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei; NSDAP), Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945 and Führer ("Leader") of Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945.

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Adolf Hitler's Munich apartment

Adolf Hitler's Munich apartment was an apartment owned by Adolf Hitler, located at Prinzregentenplatz 16 in the German city of Munich, the birthplace and capital of the Nazi Party which was formed in Munich in 1920.

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Adolf Schärf

(20 April 1890 – 28 February 1965) was an Austrian politician of the Socialist Party of Austria (SPÖ).

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Adolf von Thadden

Adolf von Thadden (7 July 1921 – 16 July 1996) was a leading far-right German politician.

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Adolph Schwarzenberg

Adolph Schwarzenberg (18 August 1890 – 27 February 1950) was a notable landowner, entrepreneur and philanthropist.

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Adrienne Gessner

Adrienne Gessner (July 23, 1896 – June 23, 1987) was an Austrian actress.

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Aflenz Kurort

Aflenz Kurort was a municipality in Austria which merged in January 2015 into Aflenz in the Bruck-Mürzzuschlag District of Styria, Austria.

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Aftermath of World War II

The Aftermath of World War II was the beginning of an era defined by the decline of all great powers except for the Soviet Union and the United States, and the simultaneous rise of two superpowers: the Soviet Union (USSR) and the United States of America (USA).

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Agent 13: The Invisible Empire

The Invisible Empire is the first of the short series of fast-paced, action-based adventure of Agent 13: The Midnight Avenger, written by Flint Dille and David Marconi in a style reminiscent of popular 1930s pulps.

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Akademisches Gymnasium Innsbruck

The Akademisches Gymnasium Innsbruck is a grammar school, or Gymnasium in Innsbruck, Tyrol, founded in 1562 by the Jesuits in the course of the counter-reformation.

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Akiva Ehrenfeld

Akiva Ehrenfeld (עקיבא עהרענפעלד) (1923 – 16 August 2012) was an Orthodox Jewish rabbi who helped establish the Kiryat Mattersdorf and Unsdorf neighborhoods of northern Jerusalem.

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Aksel Larsen

Aksel Larsen (August 5, 1897 – January 10, 1972) was a Danish politician who was chairman of the Communist Party of Denmark and chairman and founder of the Socialist People's Party.

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Aktion Arbeitsscheu Reich

As part of the „Arbeitsscheu Reich“ (work-shy Reich) in April and in June 1938 in two waves of arrests more than 10,000 men as so-called "black triangle anti-social elements" to concentration camps.

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Albanian Kingdom (1939–43)

The Albanian Kingdom (Gheg Albanian: Mbretnija Shqiptare, Standard Albanian: Mbretëria Shqiptare, Regno albanese), also known as Greater Albania, existed as a protectorate of the Kingdom of Italy.

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Albert Becker (chess player)

Albert Becker (5 September 1896 in Vienna – 7 May 1984 in Vicente López), also known as Alberto Becker, was an Austrian–Argentine chess master.

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Albert Reuss

Albert Reuss (2 October 1889 – 4 November 1975) was a painter and sculptor born in Vienna who fled to England in 1938 following the Anschluss, Adolf Hitler’s annexation of Austria to the German Reich.

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Albert Rosen

Albert Rosen (14 February 192423 May 1997), was an Austrian-born and Czech/Irish-naturalised conductor associated with the National Symphony Orchestra of Ireland, the Wexford Festival, the and J. K. Tyl Theatre in Plzeň (Pilsen).

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Alexander Gerschenkron

Alexander Gerschenkron (Александр Гершенкрон; 1 October 1904 – 26 October 1978) was a Ukrainian-born American economic historian and professor at Harvard University, trained in the Austrian School of economics.

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Alexander Kipnis

Alexander Kipnis (– May 14, 1978) was a Ukrainian-born operatic bass.

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Alexander Löhr

Alexander Löhr (20 May 1885 – 26 February 1947) was an Austrian Air Force commander during the 1930s and, after the annexation of Austria, he was a Luftwaffe commander.

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Alexander Lenard

Alexander Lenard (Lénárd Sándor; Alexander Lenardus; (Budapest, 9 March 1910 – Dona Emma, Brazil, 13 April 1972) was a Hungarian physician, writer, translator, painter, musician, poet and occasional language instructor. He was born in Budapest, Hungary and died in Dona Irma (Dona Emma), in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. He is best known as the Latin translator of A. A. Milne's Winnie the Pooh (Winnie Ille Pu). He wrote fiction and non-fiction in German, Latin, Hungarian, Italian and English.

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Alexander Lion

Alexander Franz Anton Lion (15 December 1870 – 2 February 1962) was the co-founder of the German Scout Movement.

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Alexander Schmorell

Alexander Schmorell (16 September 1917 in Orenburg, Russia; – 13 July 1943 in Munich) was one of five Munich University students who formed a resistance group known as White Rose (Weiße Rose) which was active against Germany's Nazi regime from June 1942 to February 1943.

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Alexandre Alexeieff

Alexandre Alexandrovitch Alexeieff (Russian: Александр Александрович Алексеев Aleksandr Aleksandrovich Alekseyev (sometimes credited as Alexander Alexeieff or Alexander Alexeïeff or Alexandre Alexieff); 18 April 1901 – 9 August 1982) was a Russian Empire-born artist, filmmaker and illustrator who lived and worked mainly in Paris.

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Alexej Stachowitsch

Alexej "Axi" Stachowitsch (Stockholm October 10, 1918 – April 1, 2013 Limburg an der Lahn) was an Austrian-Russian author, pedagogue, songwriter, technician, one of the most important figures of post-war Scouting and Wandervogel in Germany and Austria, and founder and first principal of the Werkschulheim Felbertal.

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Alfons Gorbach

Alfons Gorbach (2 September 1898 – 31 July 1972) was an Austrian politician of the conservative People's Party (ÖVP).

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Alfred Deutsch-German

Alfred Deutsch-German (1870–1943) was an Austrian journalist, playwright, screenwriter and film director.

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Alfred E. Neuman

Alfred E. Neuman is the fictitious mascot and cover boy of the American humor magazine Mad.

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Alfred Frauenfeld

Alfred Eduard Frauenfeld (18 May 1898 in Vienna – 10 May 1977 in Hamburg) was an Austrian Nazi leader.

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Alfred Gause

Alfred Gause (14 February 1896 – 30 September 1967) was a German general during World War II.

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Alfred Grünwald (librettist)

Alfred Grünwald (16 February 1884 in Vienna – 24 February 1951 in New York City) was an Austrian author, librettist, and lyricist.

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Alfred Jansa

Feldmarschalleutnant Alfred Johann Theophil Jansa von Tannenau, (July 16, 1884 in Stanislawow – December 20, 1963 in Vienna) was an Austrian Army Officer.

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Alfred Jodl

Alfred Josef Ferdinand Jodl (10 May 1890 – 16 October 1946) was a German general during World War II, who served as the Chief of the Operations Staff of the Armed Forces High Command (Oberkommando der Wehrmacht).

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Alfred Kalmus

Alfred August Ulrich Kalmus (16 May 1889 – 24 September 1972) was an influential Austrian-born British music publisher.

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Alfred Klahr

Alfred Klahr (16 September 1904, Vienna - 1944, Warsaw) was an Austrian communist politician, journalist and historian.

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Alfred Kubin

Alfred Leopold Isidor Kubin (10 April 1877 – 20 August 1959) was an Austrian printmaker, illustrator, and occasional writer.

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Alfred Pal

Alfred Pal (30 November 1920 – 30 June 2010) was Croatian painter and graphic designer.

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Alfred Preis

Alfred Preis (February 2, 1911 – March 29, 1993) was an Austrian-born American architect best known for designing the USS Arizona Memorial in Pearl Harbor.

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Alfred Proksch (politician)

Alfred Proksch (8 March 1891 in Larischau (Láryšov; now a part of Býkov-Láryšov (Pickau-Larischau), nearby Jägerndorf, Austrian Silesia – 3 January 1981 in Vienna) was an Austrian Nazi Party official. Proksch enrolled in the Kaiser Infantry Regiment No. 1 of the Austro-Hungarian Army in 1910 and then the Railway Academy in Linz in 1912 before taking a job with the government railways. He returned to the army in 1914 with the Infantry Regiment No. 91 and saw action during the First World War in Poland and Russia.Philip Rees, Biographical Dictionary of the Extreme Right Since 1890, 1990, p. 305 He first became involved in politics in 1912 when he joined the German Workers' Party and worked on behalf of the party in Silesia and Moravia. After his war service Proksch settled in the now much smaller Austria and returned to politics by rejoining the renamed Deutsche Nationalsozialistische Arbeiterpartei.Rees, Biographical Dictionary of the Extreme Right, p. 306 Proksch met Adolf Hitler in his earliest years as a Nazi and became a loyal follower of the German from then on. Proksch launched the Nazis in Upper Austria, where he would serve as Gauleiter, and founded both the party newspaper Volksstimme and the NSP-Verlag publishing house. In 1922, Proksch began to team up with the Passau National Socialists to fight against leftists in Linz. Later, he was a featured speaker in Passau and other towns in Lower Bavaria. He also served on Linz City Council for the party from 1923 to 1932. Proksch was appointed deputy Landesleiter in 1928 and then held the full leader's post between 1931 and 1933, although real power rested with Hitler's German appointee Theodor Habicht. However Proksch did have strong influence over finances and he was credited with eliminating the 30,000 schillings of debt that the party found itself in. He fled to Germany on 24 June 1933 following the banning of the Nazi Party in Austria but returned in time to take part in the coup attempt that resulted in the killing of Engelbert Dollfuss in 1934. Returning to Germany, he was elected to the Reichstag in 1936. Given Proksch's position as a Hitler loyalist his profile was raised following the Anschluss, in keeping with the other leaders of that tendency. Appointed to the Sturmabteilung as a Gruppenführer he was promoted to Obergruppenführer in 1943. In 1940 he was also made a Reichstreuhänder der Arbeit and served as president of the labour office for Vienna and Lower and Upper Danube.

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Alfred Ritter von Hubicki

Alfred Ritter von Hubicki (5 February 1887 – 14 July 1971) was a Hungarian-born general in the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany during World War II.

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Alfred Tauber

Alfred Tauber (5 November 1866 – 26 July 1942) was an Austrian and Slovak mathematician, known for his contribution to mathematical analysis and to the theory of functions of a complex variable: he is the eponym of an important class of theorems with applications ranging from mathematical and harmonic analysis to number theory.

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Alfredo Ildefonso Schuster

Blessed Alfredo Ildefonso Schuster (18 January 1880 – 30 August 1954) - born Alfredo Ludovico Schuster - was an Italian Roman Catholic prelate and professed member from the Benedictines who served as the Archbishop of Milan from 1929 until his death.

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Ali and Nino

Ali and Nino is a novel about a romance between a Muslim Azerbaijani boy and Christian Georgian girl in Baku in the years 1918-1920.

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Alice Teichova

Alice Teichova (19 September 1920 – 12 March 2015) was an Austrian-born British economist and economic historian.

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Alien (sculpture)

Alien is a 2012 sculpture by the British artist David Breuer-Weil.

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Alland

Alland is a market town in the district of Baden in the Austrian state of Lower Austria.

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Allied-occupied Austria

The Allied occupation of Austria lasted from 1945 to 1955.

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Alma Mahler

Alma Maria Mahler Gropius Werfel (born Alma Margaretha Maria Schindler; 31 August 1879 – 11 December 1964) was a Viennese-born composer, author, editor and socialite.

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Alma Rosé

Alma Rosé (3 November 1906 – 5 April 1944) was an Austrian violinist of Jewish descent.

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Alois Buttinger

In February 1934, Alois (Louis) Buttinger, an Austrian socialist, was director of the Sonnenhof Lind children's centre in Villach-Lind, part of Villach in Austria.

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Alois Hudal

Alois Hudal (also known as Luigi Hudal; 31 May 1885 – 13 May 1963) was an Austrian titular bishop in the Roman Catholic church, based in Rome.

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Aloys Wach

Aloys Wach or Aloys Ludwig Wachelmayr (sometimes Wachelmeier, 30 April 1892 – 18 April 1940) was an Austrian expressionist painter and graphic artist.

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Alphons Barb

Alphons Augustinus Barb (Born: Alfons Ascher Barb) (15 April 1901 – 13 November 1979) was an Austrian academic, archaeologist, numismatist, museum director and author who received recognition both from his native Austria and in Britain for his contribution to the Arts and Sciences.

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Altmann & Kühne

Altmann & Kühne is a confiserie and chocolaterie in Vienna, Austria, established in 1928.

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Amadeus Quartet

The Amadeus Quartet was a world-famous string quartet founded in 1947 and disbanded in 1987, remarkable for having retained its founding members throughout its long history.

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American Mental Health Foundation

The American Mental Health Foundation (AMHF) is a not-for-profit organization dedicated to the welfare of individuals with emotional problems and advancing mental-health research.

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American propaganda during World War II

During active American involvement in World War II (1941–45), propaganda was used to increase support for the war and commitment to an Allied victory.

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Amon Göth

Amon Leopold Göth (alternative spelling Goeth; 11 December 1908 – 13 September 1946) was an Austrian SS-Hauptsturmführer (captain) and the commandant of the Kraków-Płaszów concentration camp in Płaszów in German-occupied Poland for most of the camp's existence during World War II.

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Amos Vogel

Amos Vogel (born Amos Vogelbaum; April 18, 1921 – April 24, 2012) was a New York City cineaste and curator.

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André Deutsch

André Deutsch CBE (15 November 1917 in Budapest – 11 April 2000 in London) was a British publisher who founded an eponymous publishing company in 1951.

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Andrea Murez

Andrea (Andi) Murez (אנדראה מורז; born January 29, 1992), is an Israeli-American Olympic swimmer.

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Andreas Hillgruber

Andreas Fritz Hillgruber (18 January 1925 – 8 May 1989) was a conservative German historian.

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Andrey Zubov

Andrei Borisovich Zubov (Андре́й Бори́сович Зу́бов, born 16 January 1952, Moscow) is a Russian historian and political scientist, Doctor of History, and a former Professor of the Moscow State Institute of International Relations (MGIMO).

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Andrzej Panufnik

Sir Andrzej Panufnik (24 September 1914 – 27 October 1991) was a Polish composer and conductor.

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Anna Freud

Anna Freud (3 December 1895 – 9 October 1982) was an Austrian-British psychoanalyst.

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Anna Goldsteiner

Anna Goldsteiner (born Anna Stubenvoll: 17 June 1899 - 5 July 1944) was a Viennese resistance activist.

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Anna Hanika

Anna Hanika (27 June 1903 - 14 March 1988) was an Austrian accounts clerk who became a resistance activist during the Nazi years.

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Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation

The Crimean peninsula was annexed from Ukraine by the Russian Federation in February–March 2014.

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Anschluss Medal

The Anschluss Commemorative Medal was a decoration of Nazi Germany awarded in the interwar period.

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Anthony van Hoboken

Anthony van Hoboken (23 March 1887 – 1 November 1983) was a musical collector, bibliographer, and musicologist.

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Anti-Comintern Pact

The Anti-Comintern Pact was an anti-Communist pact concluded between Germany and Japan (later to be joined by other, mainly fascist, governments) on November 25, 1936, and was directed against the Communist International.

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Antisemitenbund

The Antisemitenbund (Der Antisemitenbund, "The Antisemite League") was an Austrian antisemitic collective movement that existed between 1919 and 1938.

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Antisemitism in contemporary Austria

Evidence for the presence of Jewish communities in the geographical area today covered by Austria can be traced back to the 12th century.

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Antisemitism in Switzerland

The History of the Jews in Switzerland extends back at least a thousand years.

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Antoine Seilern

Count Antoine Seilern (17 September 1901 – 6 July 1978) was an Anglo-Austrian art collector and art historian.

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Anton Burger

Anton "Toni" Burger (19 November 1911 – 25 December 1991) was a Hauptsturmführer (Captain) in the German Nazi SS, Judenreferent in Greece (1944) and Lagerkommandant of Theresienstadt concentration camp.

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Anton Ehrenzweig

Anton Ehrenzweig (27 November 1908 – 5 December 1966) was an Austrian-born British theorist on modern art and modern music.

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Anton Lehár

Anton Freiherr von Lehár (born Antal Lehár; 21 February 1876 – 12 November 1962; known sometimes as Baron Antal Lehár) was an Hungarian officer, who reached the pinnacle of his service after World War I when he supported the former Emperor Charles I of Austria's attempts to retake the throne of Hungary.

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Anton Piëch

Anton Piëch (21 September 1894 in Vienna, Austria-Hungary – 29 August 1952 in Klagenfurt, Austria) was an Austrian lawyer and the son-in-law of Ferdinand Porsche.

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Anton Reinthaller

Anton Reinthaller (14 April 1895 – 6 March 1958) was an Austrian right-wing politician active before and after the Second World War.

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Anton Rintelen

Anton Rintelen (15 November 1876 in Graz, Austria – 28 January 1946) was an Austrian academic, jurist and politician.

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Anton Schmid

Anton Schmid (January 9, 1900 in Vienna, Austria – April 13, 1942 in Vilnius, Lithuania) was an Austrian conscript to the Wehrmacht in World War II who, as a sergeant in Vilnius, Lithuania, was executed by his superiors for helping 250 Jewish men, women, and children escape from extermination by the Nazi SS during the European Jewish Holocaust.

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Anton the Last

Anton the Last (German: Anton, der Letzte) is a 1939 comedy film directed by E.W. Emo and starring Elfriede Datzig, Hans Moser and O.W. Fischer.

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Anton Webern

Anton Friedrich Wilhelm (von) Webern (3 December 188315 September 1945) was an Austrian composer and conductor.

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Antonia Bruha

Antonia "Toni" Bruha (born Antonia Spath: 1 March 1915 - 27 December 2006) was an Austrian resistance fighter.

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Apostolic Nunciature to Austria

The Apostolic Nuncio to Austria is an ecclesiastical office of the Roman Catholic Church in Austria.

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April 1938

The following events occurred in April 1938.

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Archduke Eugen of Austria

Archduke Eugen Ferdinand Pius Bernhard Felix Maria of Austria-Teschen (21 May 1863 – 30 December 1954) was an Archduke of Austria and a Prince of Hungary and Bohemia.

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Archduke Felix of Austria

Archduke Felix of Austria (given names: Felix Friedrich August Maria vom Siege Franz Joseph Peter Karl Anton Robert Otto Pius Michael Benedikt Sebastian Ignatius Marcus d'Aviano; 31 May 1916 – 6 September 2011) was the last surviving child of the last Austrian Emperor Charles I and a member of the House of Habsburg.

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Areas annexed by Nazi Germany

There were many areas annexed by Nazi Germany both immediately before and throughout the course of World War II.

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Ari Rath

Ari Rath (‎; 6 January 1925 – 13 January 2017) was an Austrian-Israeli journalist and writer.

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Aribert Heim

Aribert Ferdinand Heim (28 June 1914 – 10 August 1992) was an Austrian SS doctor, also known as "Dr Death".

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Arlberg technique

The system was developed by Hannes Schneider while working as an instructor in the Arlberg mountains in Austria.

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Armand Călinescu

Armand Călinescu (4 June 1893 – 21 September 1939) was a Romanian economist and politician, who served as 39th Prime Minister from March 1939 until his assassination six months later.

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Arnold Karplus

Arnold Karplus (born June 24, 1877 in Vítkov (Opava District), Austrian Silesia, Austria-Hungary, died October 17, 1943 in Caracas, Venezuela) was a Jewish Austrian architect, and the father of Ruth Rogers-Altmann.

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Arpad Weixlgärtner

Arpad Weixlgärtner (6 April 1872 – 2 February 1961) was an Austrian art historian.

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Art of Birmingham

Birmingham has a distinctive culture of art and design that emerged in the 1750s, driven by the historic importance of the applied arts to the city's manufacturing economy.

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Art-Club

Art-Club was an association of artists during the postwar period in Vienna, Austria, in 1946–1959.

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Arthur Nebe

(13 November 1894 – 21 March 1945) was a key functionary in the security and police apparatus of Nazi Germany and a Holocaust perpetrator.

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Arthur Schnitzler

Arthur Schnitzler (15 May 1862 – 21 October 1931) was an Austrian author and dramatist.

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Arthur Seyss-Inquart

Arthur Seyss-Inquart (German:; 22 July 189216 October 1946) was an Austrian Nazi politician who served as Chancellor of Austria for two days – from 11 to 13 March 1938 – before the Anschluss annexation of Austria by Nazi Germany, signing the constitutional law as acting head of state upon the resignation of President Wilhelm Miklas.

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Arthur Willner

Arthur Willner (5 March 18816 April 1959) was a Czech composer and teacher.

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Artur Schnabel

Artur Schnabel (17 April 1882 – 15 August 1951) was an Austrian classical pianist, who also composed and taught.

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Asher Ben-Natan

Asher Ben-Natan (February 15, 1921 – June 17, 2014) was an Israeli diplomat and a key figure in the country's defense and diplomacy fields.

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ASK Voitsberg

ASK Voitsberg is an Austrian football club located in Voitsberg, a town in the state of Styria in the south-east of the country.

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Association football during World War II

When World War II was declared in 1939, it had a negative effect on association football; competitions were suspended and players signed up to fight, resulting in the deaths of many players.

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Attila Hörbiger

Attila Hörbiger (21 April 1896 – 27 April 1987) was an Austrian stage and movie actor.

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August Eigruber

August Eigruber (16 April 1907 – 28 May 1947) was an Austrian-born Nazi Gauleiter of Reichsgau Oberdonau (Upper Danube) and Landeshauptmann of Upper Austria, later hanged by the Allies.

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August Krakau

August Krakau (September 12, 1894 – January 7, 1975) was a German general in the Wehrmacht during World War II who commanded the 7th Mountain Division.

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August Meyszner

August Edler von Meyszner (3 August 1886 – 24 January 1947) was an Austrian Gendarmerie officer, right-wing politician, and senior Ordnungspolizei (order police) officer who held the post of Higher SS and Police Leader in the German-occupied territory of Serbia from January 1942 to March 1944, during World War II.

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August von Finck Sr.

August von Finck Sr. (18 July 1898 – 22 April 1980) was a German banker.

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Austria

Austria (Österreich), officially the Republic of Austria (Republik Österreich), is a federal republic and a landlocked country of over 8.8 million people in Central Europe.

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Austria at the FIFA World Cup

This is a record of Austria's results at the FIFA World Cup.

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Austria — the Nazis' first victim

"Austria – the Nazis' first victim" was a political slogan first used at the Moscow Conference in 1943 which went on to become the ideological basis for Austria and the national self-consciousness of Austrians during the periods of the allied occupation of 1945-1955 and the sovereign state of the Second Austrian Republic (1955–1980s).

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Austria in the time of National Socialism

Austria in the time of National Socialism describes the period of Austrian history from March 12, 1938 when Austria was annexed by Nazi Germany (the event is commonly known as Anschluss) until the end of World War II in 1945.

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Austria national football team

The Austria national football team (Österreichische Fußballnationalmannschaft) is the association football team that represents Austria in international competition and is controlled by the Austrian Football Association (German: Österreichischer Fußballbund).

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Austria v West Germany (1978 FIFA World Cup)

Córdoba 1978 (known in Austria as Das Wunder von Córdoba (The Miracle of Córdoba) and in Germany as Die Schmach von Córdoba or Die Schande von Córdoba (The Disgrace of Córdoba)), describes the game of football between Austria and defending World Champions West Germany that occurred on 21 June 1978 at the conclusion of the second round of the 1978 FIFA World Cup, in Córdoba, Argentina.

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Austria-Hungary

Austria-Hungary, often referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire or the Dual Monarchy in English-language sources, was a constitutional union of the Austrian Empire (the Kingdoms and Lands Represented in the Imperial Council, or Cisleithania) and the Kingdom of Hungary (Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen or Transleithania) that existed from 1867 to 1918, when it collapsed as a result of defeat in World War I. The union was a result of the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 and came into existence on 30 March 1867.

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Austria–Germany border

The Austria–Germany border has a length of 815.9 kilometers or 815.0 kilometers in the South of Germany and the north of Austria in central Europe.

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Austria–Germany relations

Relations between Austria and Germany are close, due to their shared history and language, with German being the official language and Germans being the largest ethnic group of both countries.

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Austria–Israel relations

Austria–Israel relations refers to the bilateral foreign relations between Austria and Israel.

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Austria–Mexico relations

Austria–Mexico relations refers to the diplomatic relations between Austria and Mexico.

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Austria–Poland relations

Austrian–Polish relations refer to the relationship between the Republic of Austria and the Republic of Poland.

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Austria–Russia relations

Austria–Russia relations (Российско-австрийские отношения or Австрийско-российские отношения, Österreichisch-russische Beziehungen) refers to the political, economic and social relations between Austria and Russia and their predecessor states.

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Austrian Air Force (1927–1938)

The Austrian Air Force (Österreichische Luftstreitkräfte) of the interwar period began as a paramilitary organisation (1927) and was secretly built up by the government before union with Germany (1938).

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Austrian Americans

Austrian Americans (German: Austroamerikaner) are European Americans of Austrian descent.

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Austrian Anschluss referendum, 1938

A referendum on the Anschluss with Germany was held in German-occupied Austria on 10 April 1938,Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p176 alongside one in Germany.

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Austrian Armed Forces

The Austrian Armed Forces (Bundesheer) are the military forces of the Republic of Austria and the main military organisation responsible for the national defense.

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Austrian Constitutional Assembly election, 1919

Constitutional Assembly elections were held in Austria on 16 February 1919.

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Austrian Crown Jewels

The Austrian Crown Jewels (Insignien und Kleinodien) is a term denoting the regalia and vestments worn by the Holy Roman Emperor, and later by the Emperor of Austria, during the coronation ceremony and other state functions.

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Austrian Cup

The Austrian Cup (German: ÖFB-Cup) known as UNIQA ÖFB Cup for sponsorhip purposes, is an annual football competition held by the Austrian Football Association, the ÖFB.

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Austrian Democratic Union

The Austrian Democratic Union (Österreichische Demokratische Union) was a grouping formed by Austrian exiles in Britain in August 1941 during the Second World War.

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Austrian Federal Railways

The Austrian Federal Railways (German: Österreichische Bundesbahnen or ÖBB, formerly the Bundesbahn Österreich or BBÖ) is the national railway system of Austria, and the administrator of Liechtenstein's railways.

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Austrian Fencing Federation

The Austrian Fencing Federation (Österreichischer Fechtverband, ÖFV) is the national organisation for fencing in Austria and as such is a member of the international governing body for amateur fencing, the Fédération Internationale d'Escrime.

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Austrian Football Bundesliga

The Austrian Football Bundesliga (italic, Austrian Football Federal League) is the highest-ranking national league club competition in Austrian football.

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Austrian literature

Austrian literature is the literature written in Austria, which is mostly, but not exclusively, written in the German language.

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Austrian National Socialism

Austrian National Socialism was a Pan-German movement that was formed at the beginning of the 20th century.

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Austrian nationalism

Austrian nationalism is the nationalism that asserts Austrians are a nation and promotes the cultural unity of Austrians.

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Austrian nationality law

Nationality law (German: Staatsbürgerschaftsgesetz) in the Republic of Austria is based on the principle of jus sanguinis.

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Austrian nobility

The Austrian nobility (österreichischer Adel) is a status group that was officially abolished in 1919 after the fall of Austria-Hungary.

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Austrian Parliament Building

The Austrian Parliament Building (Parlamentsgebäude, colloquially das Parlament) in Vienna is where the two houses of the Austrian Parliament conduct their sessions.

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Austrian People's Party

The Austrian People's Party (Österreichische Volkspartei; ÖVP) is a Christian democratic and conservative political party in Austria.

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Austrian presidential election, 1951

The Austrian presidential elections of 1951 marked the first time that the President of Austria was elected by popular vote.

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Austrian Resistance

The Austrian Resistance launched in response to the rise in fascism across Europe and, more specifically, to the Anschluss in 1938 and resulting occupation of Austria by Germany.

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Austrian schilling

The Schilling (German: Österreichischer Schilling) was the currency of Austria from 1925 to 1938 and from 1945 to 1999, and the circulating currency until 2002.

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Austrian SS

The Austrian SS was that portion of the SS membership from Austria.

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Austrian Standards Institute

The Austrian Standards Institute (formerly Österreichisches Normungsinstitut), abbreviated ASI, is a standards organization and the ISO member body for Austria.

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Austrian State Treaty

The Austrian State Treaty (German) or Austrian Independence Treaty re-established Austria as a sovereign state.

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Austrians

Austrians (Österreicher) are a Germanic nation and ethnic group, native to modern Austria and South Tyrol that share a common Austrian culture, Austrian descent and Austrian history.

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Austrofascism

Austrofascism (Austrofaschismus) is a term used to describe the authoritarian system installed in Austria with the May Constitution of 1934, which ceased with the annexation of the newly founded Federal State of Austria into Nazi Germany in 1938.

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Autobahn

The Autobahn (plural) is the federal controlled-access highway system in Germany.

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Autobahns of Austria

The Austrian autobahns are controlled-access highways in Austria.

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Avrohom Yaakov Friedman (third Sadigura rebbe)

Avrohom Yaakov Friedman (July 30, 1884Friedman, Yisroel. The Golden Dynasty: Ruzhin, the royal house of Chassidus. Jerusalem: The Kest-Lebovits Jewish Heritage and Roots Library, 2nd English edition, 2000, p. 35. – December 24, 1961) was the third Rebbe of the Sadigura Hasidic dynasty.

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Axis powers

The Axis powers (Achsenmächte; Potenze dell'Asse; 枢軸国 Sūjikukoku), also known as the Axis and the Rome–Berlin–Tokyo Axis, were the nations that fought in World War II against the Allied forces.

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Édouard Alphonse James de Rothschild

Édouard Alphonse James de Rothschild (24 February 1868 – 30 June 1949), also known as Baron Édouard de Rothschild was an aristocrat, French financier and a member of the prominent Rothschild banking family of France.

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Évian Conference

The Évian Conference was convened 6–15 July 1938, at Évian-les-Bains, France, to discuss the Jewish refugee problem and the plight of the increasing numbers of Jewish refugees fleeing persecution by Nazi Germany.

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Ödön von Horváth

Edmund Josef von Horváth (9 December 1901 Sušak, Rijeka, then in Austria–Hungary, now in Croatia – 1 June 1938 Paris) was a German-writing Austro-Hungarian-born playwright and novelist.

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Österreichische Alpenfahrt

The Österreichische Alpenfahrt (also known as the Austrian Alpine Rally or the Rally of Austria) was a rally that was part of the inaugural World Rally Championship in 1973.

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Österreichische Postsparkasse

Österreichische Postsparkasse (P.S.K.) was a postal savings bank in Austria.

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Österreichisches Wörterbuch

The Österreichisches Wörterbuch (English: Austrian Dictionary), abbreviated ÖWB, is the official dictionary of the German language in the Republic of Austria.

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Šime Spitzer

Šime Spitzer (born Shimon Spitzer; 18 October 1892 – October 1941) was a Croatian Zionist, notable member of the Jewish community Zagreb and general secretary of the "Federation of Jewish confessional communities of Yugoslavia" (Savez jevrejskih vjeroispovjednih općina Jugoslavije - SJVOJ).

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Background of the occupation of the Baltic states

The background of the occupation of the Baltic states covers the period before the first Soviet occupation on 14 June 1940, stretching from independence in 1918 to the Soviet ultimatums in 1939–1940.

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Banjica concentration camp

The Banjica concentration camp (KZ Banjica) was a German concentration camp in the Territory of the Military Commander in Serbia during World War II.

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Barbara Prammer

Barbara Prammer (née Thaller; 11 January 1954 – 2 August 2014) was an Austrian politician and member of the Social Democratic Party of Austria (SPÖ).

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Barmsteine

The Barmsteine are two rock towers, 841 and 851 metres above sea level, in the northernmost part of the Hasel Mountains in the Bavarian Alps.

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Battle for Castle Itter

The Battle for Castle Itter was fought in the Austrian North Tyrol village of Itter on 5 May 1945, in the last days of the European Theater of World War II.

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Battle of the Ebro

The Battle of the Ebro (Batalla del Ebro, Batalla de l'Ebre) was the longest and largest battle of the Spanish Civil War.

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Battle of the Netherlands

The Battle of the Netherlands (Slag om Nederland) was a military campaign part of Case Yellow (Fall Gelb), the German invasion of the Low Countries (Belgium, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands) and France during World War II.

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Bavarian nationalism

Bavarian nationalism is a point of view that asserts that Bavarians are a nation and promotes the cultural unity of Bavarians.

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BBÖ Class 81

The steam locomotive BBÖ 81 was a class of heavy freight 2-10-0 locomotives with the Federal Railway of Austria (BBÖ).

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Belgrade Special Police

The Belgrade Special Police (Specijalna policija Uprave grada Beograda, SP UGB) was a Serbian collaborationist police organisation directed and controlled by the German Gestapo (Geheime Staatspolizei) in the German-occupied territory of Serbia from 1941 to 1944 during World War II.

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Benito Mussolini

Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini (29 July 1883 – 28 April 1945) was an Italian politician and journalist who was the leader of the National Fascist Party (Partito Nazionale Fascista, PNF).

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Benjamin Murmelstein

Benjamin Israel Murmelstein (9 June 1905 – 27 October 1989) was an Austrian rabbi.

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Berlin Declaration (1945)

By the Berlin Declaration (Berliner Erklärung/Deklaration) of 5 June 1945,Officially, the "Declaration regarding the defeat of Germany and the assumption of supreme authority with respect to Germany by the Governments of the United States of America, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the United Kingdom and the Provisional Government of the French Republic".

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Berliner Tageblatt

The Berliner Tageblatt or BT was a German language newspaper published in Berlin from 1872 to 1939.

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Bermuda Bowl

The Bermuda Bowl is a biennial contract bridge world championship for national.

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Bernard Grun

Bernard Grun (Bernhard Grün; 11 February 1901 28 December 1972) was a German.

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Bernard Schreier

Sir Bernard Schreier (28 March 1918 – 1 June 2013), born Bernhard Dov Schreier, was an Austrian-born businessman who emigrated to England.

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Berndorf, Lower Austria

Berndorf is a town in the district of Baden in Lower Austria in Austria.

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Bernhard Altmann

Bernhard Altmann (1888 – 1980) was an Austrian textile manufacturer who introduced cashmere wool to North America on a mass scale in 1947.

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Berta Geissmar

Berta Geissmar (14 September 1892 Mannheim – 3 November 1949 London)Thomas Russell, “Dr Berta Geissmar”, The Times, 7 Nov 1949 p 7, The Times Digital Archive, online, accessed 17 Apr 2014 was the secretary and business manager for two prominent orchestral conductors, Wilhelm Furtwängler and Sir Thomas Beecham.

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Bettina Burr

Bettina "Nina" Burr (born c. 1946) is vice president of the board of trustees of the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, to which she and other members of her family made a major donation of Rothschild family heirlooms that is known as The Rothschild Collection.

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Bettina Ehrlich

Bettina Ehrlich, née Bauer, (10 March 1903 – 10 October 1985) was an Austrian painter and illustrator of children's books, many of which she also wrote.

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Blagaj massacre

The Blagaj massacre was the mass killing of around 400 Serb civilians by the Croatian nationalist Ustaše movement on 9 May 1941, during World War II.

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Blockade of Germany (1939–1945)

The Blockade of Germany (1939–1945), also known as the Economic War, was carried out during World War II by the United Kingdom and France in order to restrict the supplies of minerals, metals, food and textiles needed by Nazi Germany - and later Fascist Italy - in order to sustain their war efforts.

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Blomberg–Fritsch affair

The Blomberg–Fritsch affair, also known as the Blomberg–Fritsch crisis (German: Blomberg–Fritsch–Krise), was two related scandals in early 1938 that resulted in the subjugation of the German Armed Forces (Wehrmacht) to dictator Adolf Hitler.

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Blu (artist)

Blu is the pseudonym of an Italian artist who conceals his real identity.

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Bob Symes

Robert Alexander Baron Schutzmann von Schutzmansdorff (6 May 1924 – 19 January 2015) was an Austrian-born British inventor and television presenter.

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Boden Fortress

Boden Fortress (Bodens fästning) is a modern fortress consisting of several major and minor forts and fortifications surrounding the city of Boden, Norrbotten, in northern Sweden.

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Bogoljub Jevtić

Bogoljub Jevtić (Serbian Cyrillic: Богољуб Јевтић; 24 December 1886 – 7 June 1960) was a Serbian diplomat and politician in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia.

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Bohemian Discount Bank

The Bohemian Discount Bank (Bebca, Böhmische Escompte-Bank) was a Prague-based bank with branches in most major towns of Bohemia and, later, Czechoslovakia.

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Bombing of Barcelona

The Bombing of Barcelona was a series of Nationalist airstrikes which took place from 16 to 18 March 1938, during the Spanish Civil War.

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Bombing of Innsbruck in World War II

Innsbruck, an Austrian city, was annexed by Nazi Germany in 1938.

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Boosey & Hawkes

Boosey & Hawkes is a British music publisher purported to be the largest specialist classical music publisher in the world.

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Boris Magasanik

Boris Magasanik (December 19, 1919December 25, 2013) was a microbiologist and biochemist who was the Jacques Monod Professor Emeritus of Microbiology in the Department of Biology at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

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Bottom-up approach of the Holocaust

The bottom-up approach is a viewpoint on the causes of the Holocaust.

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Bratislava

Bratislava (Preßburg or Pressburg, Pozsony) is the capital of Slovakia.

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Brauerei Ottakringer

The Ottakringer Brauerei is the last large brewery remaining in Vienna, Austria and is located in Ottakring, the 16th district of Vienna.

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Braunau am Inn

(German for Braunau on the Inn) is a town in Upper Austria.

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Brazil v Poland (1938 FIFA World Cup)

Brazil v Poland was a football match held during the 1938 FIFA World Cup in France and still remembered by Polish fans of this sport as the one in which Poland national football team debuted.

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Brennschluss

Brennschluss (a loanword, from the German Brennschluss) is either the cessation of fuel burning in a rocket or the time that the burning ceases: the cessation may result from the consumption of the propellants, from deliberate shutoff, or from some other cause.

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Breslau Eleven

The Breslau Eleven (Breslau-Elf) was the name given to the Germany national football team who defeated Denmark 8–0 at Hermann-Göring-Sportfeld in Breslau, Nazi Germany (now Wrocław, Poland) on 16 May 1937.

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Brian Hall (author)

Brian Hall (born August 31, 1959) is an American author.

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Brigittenau

Brigittenau is the 20th district of Vienna (20.). It is located north of the central districts, north of Leopoldstadt on the same island area between the Danube and the Danube Canal.

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British and French declaration of war on Germany

The Declaration of war by France and the United Kingdom was given on 3 September 1939, after German forces invaded Poland.

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Bronisław Huberman

Bronisław Huberman (19 December 1882 – 16 June 1947) was a Jewish Polish violinist.

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Bruno Bettelheim

Bruno Bettelheim (August 28, 1903 – March 13, 1990) was the director of the Orthogenic School for Disturbed Children at the University of Chicago from 1944 to 1973.

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Bruno Kreisky

Bruno Kreisky (22 January 1911 – 29 July 1990) was an Austrian politician who served as Foreign Minister from 1959 to 1966 and as Chancellor from 1970 to 1983.

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Bruno Kurowski

Bruno Kurowski (12 January 1879 – 1944) was a German lawyer and politician of the Free City of Danzig.

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Bruno Walter

Bruno Walter (born Bruno Schlesinger, September 15, 1876February 17, 1962) was a German-born conductor, pianist and composer.

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Bryan Sterling

Bryan Sterling (January 27, 1922 – March 13, 2008) was an authority on the life and work of American political commentator, humorist, and entertainer Will Rogers.

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Bundesstraße 10

The Bundesstraße 10 (abbr. B10) is a German federal highway.

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Bundesstraße 15

The Bundesstraße 15 is a federal highway in Germany.

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Bunzl

Bunzl plc is a multinational distribution and outsourcing company headquartered in London, United Kingdom.

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Burgenland

Burgenland (Őrvidék; Gradišće; Gradiščanska; Hradsko; is the easternmost and least populous state of Austria. It consists of two statutory cities and seven rural districts, with in total 171 municipalities. It is long from north to south but much narrower from west to east (wide at Sieggraben). The region is part of the Centrope Project.

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Burgenland Croatian

Burgenland Croatian (Gradišćanskohrvatski jezik; German: Burgenlandkroatische Sprache; Hungarian: Gradišćei horvát nyelv) is a regional variety of the Chakavian dialect of the Serbo-Croatian language spoken in Austria, Hungary, the Czech Republic, Poland and Slovakia.

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Burgenland Croats

Burgenland Croats is the name for ethnic Croats in the Austrian state of Burgenland, along with Croats in neighboring Hungary and Slovakia.

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Busch Quartet

The Busch Quartet was a string quartet founded by Adolf Busch in 1919 that was particularly noted for its interpretations of the Classical and Romantic quartet repertoire.

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Canada in the World Wars and Interwar Years

During the World wars and Interwar Years Canada experienced economic gain, more freedom for women and new technological advancements.

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Capital punishment in Austria

Capital punishment in Austria was abolished in 1787, although restored in 1795.

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Carinthia

No description.

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Carinthian Slovenes

Carinthian Slovenes or Carinthian Slovenians (Koroški Slovenci; Kärntner Slowenen) are the indigenous Slovene-speaking population group in the Austrian state of Carinthia.

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Carl Djerassi

Carl Djerassi (October 29, 1923 – January 30, 2015) was an Austrian-born Bulgarian-American chemist, novelist, playwright and co-founder of with Diane Wood Middlebrook.

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Carl Eduard Hellmayr

Carl Eduard Hellmayr (29 January 1878, Vienna, Austria – 24 February 1944, Orselina, Switzerland) was an Austrian ornithologist.

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Carl Szokoll

Carl Szokoll (15 October 1915 – 25 August 2004) was an Austrian resistance fighter involved in the 20 July Plot, major in the Wehrmacht, and, after the war, author and film producer.

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Carl Zuckmayer

Carl Zuckmayer (27 December 1896 – 18 January 1977) was a German writer and playwright.

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Carmella Flöck

Carmella Flöck (October 28, 1898 - December 20, 1982) was a courier for the Austrian Resistance during the Anschluss of 1938-1945.

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Carry Hauser

Carry Hauser, born Carl Maria Hauser (16 February 1895 – 28 October 1985), was an Austrian painter, stage set designer and poet.

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Casablanca (film)

Casablanca is a 1942 American romantic drama film directed by Michael Curtiz based on Murray Burnett and Joan Alison's unproduced stage play Everybody Comes to Rick's.

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Catholic bishops in Nazi Germany

Catholic bishops in Nazi Germany differed in their responses to the rise of Nazi Germany, World War II, and the Holocaust during the years 1933–1945.

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Catholic Church and Nazi Germany during World War II

Several Catholic countries and populations fell under Nazi domination during the period of the Second World War (1939–1945), and ordinary Catholics fought on both sides of the conflict.

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Catholic resistance to Nazi Germany

Catholic resistance to Nazism was a component of German resistance to Nazism and of Resistance during World War II.

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Causes of World War II

Among the causes of World War II were Italian fascism in the 1920s, Japanese militarism and invasion of China in the 1930s, and especially the political takeover in 1933 of Germany by Hitler and his Nazi Party and its aggressive foreign policy.

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CBS

CBS (an initialism of the network's former name, the Columbia Broadcasting System) is an American English language commercial broadcast television network that is a flagship property of CBS Corporation.

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CBS World News Roundup

The CBS World News Roundup is the longest-running network radio newscast in the United States.

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Central Agency for Jewish Emigration in Vienna

The Central Agency for Jewish Emigration in Vienna was a Sicherheitsdienst (SD-Security Service) agency established in August 1938 to accelerate the forced emigration of the Austrian Jews and (starting in October 1939) to organize and carry out their deportation.

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Central European International Cup

The Central European International Cup was an international football competition held by certain national teams from Central Europe between 1927 and 1960.

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Central Institution for Meteorology and Geodynamics

The Central Institution for Meteorology and Geodynamics (Zentralanstalt für Meteorologie und Geodynamik, ZAMG) is the national meteorological and geophysical service of Austria.

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Chanoch Dov Padwa

Rabbi Chanoch Dov Padwa (17 August 1908 – 16 August 2000) was a world-renowned Orthodox Jewish posek, Talmudist and rabbinic leader.

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Charles Enderlin

Charles Enderlin is a Franco-Israeli journalist, specialising in the Middle East and Israel.

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Charles K. Bliss

Charles K. Bliss (1897–1985) was a chemical engineer and semiotician, and the inventor of Blissymbolics.

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Charlotte Bühler

Charlotte Bühler (née Malachowski, December 20, 1893 – February 3, 1974) was a German developmental psychologist.

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Charlotte Eisler

Charlotte Eisler (2 August 1894 - 21 August 1970) was an Austrian singer, pianist and music teacher associated with the Second Viennese School.

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Chiang Wei-kuo

Chiang Wei-kuo (or Wego Chiang; October 6, 1916 – September 22, 1997) was an adopted son of Republic of China (Taiwan) President Chiang Kai-shek and adoptive brother of the later President Chiang Ching-kuo.

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Chinese Righteous Among the Nations

Below is a list of Chinese Righteous Among the Nations.

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Christ Church, Vienna

The Anglican Church of Christ Church, Vienna is located in central Vienna, Jaurèsgasse 17-19, off the Rennweg.

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Christian Social Party (Austria)

The Christian Social Party (Christlichsoziale Partei, CS) was a major conservative political party in the Cisleithanian crown lands of Austria-Hungary and in the First Republic of Austria, from 1891 to 1934.

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Cilli Wang

Zäzilie Wang (1 February 1909, Vienna — 10 July 2005, Vienna), stage name Cilli Wang, was an Austrian-born Dutch dancer, performer and theatre maker.

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Cinema of Austria

Cinema of Austria refers to the film industry based in Austria.

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Clara Katharina Pollaczek

Clara Pollaczek (born Clara Loeb: 15 January 1875 - 22 July 1951) was a Viennese writer of light novels, stories and verse.

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Class 15

Class 15 may refer to.

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Class 69

Class 69 may refer to.

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Clemens Betzel

Clemens Betzel (9 June 1895 – 27 March 1945) was a German general in the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany who commanded the 4.

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Clemens Holzmeister

Clemens Holzmeister (27 March 1886 – 12 June 1983) was a prominent Austrian architect and stage designer of the early twentieth century.

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Clementine Plessner

Clementine Plessner (1855–1943) was an Austrian stage and film actress.

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Coat of arms of Austria

The current coat of arms of Austria has been in use, in various forms, by the Republic of Austria since 1919.

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Come Live with Me (film)

Come Live with Me is a 1941 American romantic comedy film produced and directed by Clarence Brown and starring James Stewart and Hedy Lamarr.

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Committee for Jewish Refugees (Netherlands)

The Committee for Jewish Refugees (Dutch: Comité voor Joodsche Vluchtelingen) was a Dutch charitable organization.

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Communist Party of Austria

The Communist Party of Austria (Kommunistische Partei Österreichs, KPÖ) is a communist party in Austria.

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Communist Youth of Austria

The Communist Youth of Austria (Kommunistische Jugend Österreichs, abbr.: KJÖ) is an independent Marxist–Leninist Youth Organization.

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Compagnie Internationale des Wagons-Lits

Compagnie Internationale des Wagons-Lits (English: International Sleeping-Car Company), also CIWL, Compagnie des Wagons-Lits, or just Wagons-Lits, is an international hotel and travel logistics company, particularly known for its on-train catering and sleeping car services, as well as being the historical operator of the Orient Express.

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Concordat of 1933

This concordat regulates church-state relation in Austria, with particular emphasis on Catholic schools and religious education.

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Condor Legion

The Condor Legion (Legion Condor) was a unit composed of military personnel from the air force and army of Nazi Germany, which served with the Nationalists during the Spanish Civil War of July 1936 to March 1939.

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Conrad O'Brien-ffrench

Conrad Fulke Thomond O’Brien-ffrench (19 November 1893 – 23 October 1986), was a distinguished British Secret Intelligence Officer, Captain in the Tipperary Rangers of the Royal Irish Regiment and 16th The Queen's Lancers in World War I, and Mountie for the Royal Northwest Mounted Police.

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Constance Drexel

Constance Drexel (ca. November 24, 1884 or ca. November 28, 1894 (possible; disputed) – August 28, 1956), a naturalized United States citizen,John Carver Edwards, Berlin Calling: American Broadcasters in Service to the Third Reich, Praeger Publishers (1991), pp.

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Courtly love

Courtly love (or fin'amor in Occitan) was a medieval European literary conception of love that emphasized nobility and chivalry.

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Creditanstalt

Creditanstalt (sometimes Credit-Anstalt, abbreviated as CA) was an Austrian bank based in Vienna.

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Culture of Austria

Austrian culture has largely been influenced by its past and present neighbours: Italy, Poland, Germany, Hungary, and Bohemia.

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Curt Herzstark

Curt Herzstark (July 26, 1902 – October 27, 1988) was an Austrian engineer.

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Czech print media in Vienna

Czech print media in Vienna have a long history dating back to the 18th and 19th century, when Vienna had a sizeable Czech population.

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Czech schools in Vienna

During the 20th century, there were numerous Czech schools in Vienna.

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Dachau concentration camp

Dachau concentration camp (Konzentrationslager (KZ) Dachau) was the first of the Nazi concentration camps opened in Germany, intended to hold political prisoners.

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Dahlia Wasfi

Dahlia Wasfi (born 1971) is an American physician and peace activist.

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Das Schwarze Korps

Das Schwarze Korps (German for The Black Corps) was the official newspaper of the Schutzstaffel (SS).

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David Freeman-Mitford, 2nd Baron Redesdale

David Bertram Ogilvy Freeman-Mitford, 2nd Baron Redesdale (13 March 1878 – 17 March 1958), was an English landowner and was the father of the Mitford sisters, in whose various novels and memoirs he is depicted.

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David Rubinger

David Rubinger (דוד רובינגר; 29 June 1924 – 2 March 2017) was an Israeli photographer and photojournalist.

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Döllersheim

Döllersheim is an abandoned village in the Austrian state of Lower Austria, located in the rural Waldviertel region about northwest of Vienna.

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Debellatio

The term "debellatio" or "debellation" (Latin "defeating, or the act of conquering or subduing", literally, "warring (the enemy) down", from Latin bellum "war") designates the end of war caused by complete destruction of a hostile state.

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Demel

Demel (colloquially der Demel) is a famous pastry shop and chocolaterie established in 1786 in Vienna, Austria.

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Destiny (1942 film)

Destiny (German: Schicksal) is a 1942 Austrian-German historical drama film directed by Géza von Bolváry and starring Heinrich George, Werner Hinz and Christian Kayßler.

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Deutsche Reichsbahn

The Deutsche Reichsbahn, also known as the German National Railway, the German State Railway, German Reich Railway, and the German Imperial Railway, was the name of the German national railway system created after the end of World War I from the regional railways of the individual states of the German Empire.

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Deutsche Zeppelin Reederei

The Deutsche Zeppelin Reederei (translation), abbreviated DZR, is a limited-liability company that operates commercial passenger zeppelin flights.

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DFC Prag

The Deutscher Fußball-Club Prag, commonly known as DFC Prag, is a football club based in Prague, Czech Republic.

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Dick Klugman

No description.

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Die schweigsame Frau

Die schweigsame Frau (The Silent Woman), Op.

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Dietrich Peltz

Dietrich Peltz (9 June 1914 – 10 August 2001) was a German World War II Luftwaffe bomber pilot and youngest general of the Wehrmacht.

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Dimbach, Austria

Dimbach is a municipality in the district Perg in Upper Austria, Austria.

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Discovery of the neutron

The discovery of the neutron and its properties was central to the extraordinary developments in atomic physics that occurred in the first half of the 20th century.

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Disgrace of Gijón

The "Disgrace of Gijon" is the name given to a 1982 FIFA World Cup football match played between West Germany and Austria at the El Molinón stadium in Gijón, Spain, on 25 June 1982.

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District (Austria)

In Austrian politics, a district (Bezirk) is a second-level division of the executive arm of the country's government.

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Dita Roque-Gourary

Judith (Dita) Roque-Gourary (26 July 1915 in St. Petersburg – 2010 in Brussels) was a Russian-born architect who, after settling in Belgium in 1938, became an active proponent of women in architecture.

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Dominant-party system

A dominant-party system, or one-party dominant system, is a system where there is "a category of parties/political organisations that have successively won election victories and whose future defeat cannot be envisaged or is unlikely for the foreseeable future."Suttner, R. (2006), "Party dominance 'theory': Of what value?", Politikon 33 (3), pp.

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Dorrit Cohn

Dorrit Cohn (9 August 1924 – 10 March 2012) was a scholar of German and Comparative Literature whose work centered on the formal analysis of narrative fiction.

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Dorrit Dekk

Dorrit Dekk, born Dorothy Karoline Fuhrmann, (18 May 1917 – 29 December 2014) was a Czech-born British graphic designer, printmaker and painter.

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Double (association football)

The Double, in association football, is the achievement of winning a country's top tier division and its primary cup competition in the same season.

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Double-headed eagle

In heraldry and vexillology, the double-headed eagle is a charge associated with the concept of Empire.

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Dutch resistance

The Dutch resistance to the Nazi occupation of the Netherlands during World War II can be mainly characterized by its prominent non-violence, peaking at over 300,000 people in hiding in the autumn of 1944, tended to by some 60,000 to 200,000 illegal landlords and caretakers and tolerated knowingly by some one million people, including a few incidental individuals among German occupiers and military.

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E. W. Emo

E.

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Early life of Pope Benedict XVI

The early life of Pope Benedict XVI concerns the period from his birth in 1927 through the completion of his education and ordination in 1951.

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East Tyrol

East Tyrol, occasionally East Tirol (Osttirol), is an exclave of the Austrian state of Tyrol, separated from the main North Tyrol part by the short common border of Salzburg and Italian South Tyrol (Südtirol, Alto Adige).

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Eastern Front (World War II)

The Eastern Front of World War II was a theatre of conflict between the European Axis powers and co-belligerent Finland against the Soviet Union, Poland and other Allies, which encompassed Central Europe, Eastern Europe, Northeast Europe (Baltics), and Southeast Europe (Balkans) from 22 June 1941 to 9 May 1945.

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Economy of Austria

Austria is one of the 14 richest countries in the world in terms of GDP (Gross domestic product) per capita, has a well-developed social market economy, and a high standard of living.

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Edelweiss (song)

"Edelweiss" is a show tune from the 1959 Rodgers and Hammerstein musical The Sound of Music.

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Edgar Paul Boyko

Edgar Paul Boyko (1918–2002) was an Alaskan attorney.

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Edgar Zilsel

Edgar Zilsel (August 11, 1891, Vienna, Austria-Hungary – March 11, 1944, Oakland, California) was an Austrian-American historian and philosopher of science.

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Edinburgh International Festival

The Edinburgh International Festival is an annual festival of performing arts in Edinburgh, Scotland, over three weeks in August.

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Edith Flagg

Edith Flagg (née Feuerstein; November 1, 1919 – August 13, 2014) was an American fashion designer, fashion industry executive, and philanthropist.

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Edith Hahn Beer

Edith Hahn Beer (January 24, 1914 – March 17, 2009) was an Austrian Jewish woman who survived the Holocaust by hiding her Jewish identity and marrying a Nazi officer.

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Edith Kurzweil

Edith Kurzweil (born 1924 Vienna - died February 6, 2016 New York City) was an American writer, and editor of Partisan Review.

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Edmond T. Gréville

Edmond T. Gréville (real name Edmond Gréville Thonger, 20 June 1906 Nice – 26 May 1966, Nice) was a French film director and screenwriter.

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Edmund Blaurock

Edmund Blaurock (12 October 1899 – 25 January 1966) was a general in the army of Nazi Germany during World War II who commanded several divisions.

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Edmund Glaise-Horstenau

Edmund Glaise-Horstenau (also known as Edmund Glaise von Horstenau; 27 February 1882 – 20 July 1946) was an Austrian officer in the Austro-Hungarian Army, last Vice-Chancellor of Austria before the 1938 Anschluss, a military historian and archivist, and general in the German Wehrmacht during the Second World War.

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Edmund Groag

Edmund Groag (2 February 1873, in Prerau – 19 August 1945, in Vienna) was an Austrian classical scholar, who specialized in Roman history.

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Edmund Klein

Edmund Klein (22 October 1922 – 23 July 1999) was an American dermatologist.

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Edoardo Weiss

Edoardo Weiss (1891-1970) was the earliest Italian psychoanalyst, and the founder of psychoanalysis in Italy.

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Eduard Bloch

Eduard Bloch (30 January 1872 – 1 June 1945) was an Austrian Jewish doctor practicing in Linz (Austria).

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Eduard Glass

Eduard (Esra) Glass (born 1902 - died after 1980) was an Austrian chess master.

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Eduard Hedvicek

Eduard Hedvicek (Eduard Hedvíček) was born in 1878 in Kojetín, Moravia, Austria-Hungary, now in the Czech Republic, and died 1947 in Vienna, Austria.

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Eduard Paul Tratz

Eduard Paul Tratz (25 September 1888, in Salzburg – 5 January 1977, in Salzburg) was an Austrian zoologist.

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Eduard Pernkopf

Eduard Pernkopf (November 24, 1888 – April 17, 1955) was an Austrian professor of anatomy who later served as rector of the University of Vienna, his alma mater.

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Edward Bernays

Edward Louis Bernays (November 22, 1891 − March 9, 1995) was an Austrian-American pioneer in the field of public relations and propaganda, referred to in his obituary as "the father of public relations".

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Edward Crankshaw

Edward Crankshaw (3 January 1909 – 30 November 1984), was a British writer, author, translator and commentator; best known for his work on Soviet affairs and the Gestapo (Secret State Police) of Nazi Germany.

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Edward Kassner

Edward Kassner (28 February 1920 – 19 November 1996) was an Austrian-born music industry executive and songwriter who was responsible for establishing the music publisher Kassner Music and the President record label.

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Edward Peck (British diplomat)

Sir Edward Heywood Peck, GCMG (5 October 1915 – 24 July 2009) was a British ambassador, climber and author.

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Edward R. Murrow

Edward R. Murrow (born Egbert Roscoe Murrow; April 25, 1908 – April 27, 1965) was an American broadcast journalist and war correspondent.

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Edward Reichmann

Edward Reichmann (אדוארד רייכמן; 1925 - July, 2005) was an Israeli businessman.

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Edward Wood, 1st Earl of Halifax

Edward Frederick Lindley Wood, 1st Earl of Halifax, (16 April 1881 – 23 December 1959), styled Lord Irwin from 1925 until 1934 and Viscount Halifax from 1934 until 1944, was one of the most senior British Conservative politicians of the 1930s.

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Edwin Müller

Edwin Müller, later Edwin Mueller, (December 2, 1898 in Vienna – October 4, 1962 in New York City) was an Austrian philatelist.

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Eggenberg (Graz)

Eggenberg is the 14th city district of Graz in the Austrian province of Styria.

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Egmont Prinz zur Lippe-Weißenfeld

Egmont Prinz zur Lippe-Weißenfeld (14 July 1918 – 12 March 1944) was a Luftwaffe night fighter flying ace of royal descent during World War II.

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Egon Friedell

Egon Friedell (born Egon Friedmann; 21 January 1878, in Vienna; died 16 March 1938, in Vienna) was a prominent Austrian philosopher, historian, journalist, actor, cabaret performer (Kabarettist) and theatre critic.

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Egon Wellesz

Egon Joseph Wellesz (Vienna, 21 October 1885 – Oxford, 9 November 1974) was an Austrian, later British composer, teacher and musicologist, notable particularly in the field of Byzantine music.

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Einsatzgruppe Serbia

Einsatzgruppe Serbia (EG Serbia), initially named Einsatzgruppe Yugoslavia (EG Yugoslavia), was a German Schutzstaffel (SS) grouping in the German-occupied territory of Serbia during World War II.

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Einsatzgruppen

Einsatzgruppen ("task forces" or "deployment groups") were Schutzstaffel (SS) paramilitary death squads of Nazi Germany that were responsible for mass killings, primarily by shooting, during World War II (1939–45).

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Eisenwerke Oberdonau

Eisenwerke Oberdonau (German for Steel Works of Upper Danube) was a large steel and iron producing company, a holding of several steel works in southern Germany and Austria.

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Elfriede Datzig

Elfriede Datzig (1922–1946) was an Austrian film actress.

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Elias Canetti

Elias Canetti (Елиас Канети; 25 July 1905 – 14 August 1994) was a German-language author, born in Ruse, Bulgaria to a merchant family.

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Elisabeth Castonier

Elisabeth Castonier (6 March 1894 - 24 September 1975) was a German writer.

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Elisabeth Jäger

Elisabeth Jäger (born Elisabeth Morawitz: 25 September 1924) is an Austrian-born journalist based, from 1950, in the German Democratic Republic (East Germany).

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Elisabeth Reichart

Elisabeth Reichart (born 1953, Steyregg, Upper Austria) is an Austrian author.

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Elisabeth Rivers-Bulkeley

Elisabeth Charlotte Marie Rivers-Bulkeley (30 April 1924 - 19 December 2006) was a stockbroker.

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Elise Richter

Elise Richter (2 March 1865 – 23 June 1943) was a philologist.

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Eliyahu Ashtor

Eliyahu Ashtor (born Eduard Strauss 1914–1984) was an Austrian-Israeli historian He was from a Zionist family.

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Elizabeth Rona

Elizabeth Rona (20 March 1890 – 27 July 1981) was a Hungarian nuclear chemist, known for her work with radioactive isotopes.

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Else Frenkel-Brunswik

Else Frenkel-Brunswik (August 18, 1908 in Lemberg – March 31, 1958 in Berkeley, California, USA) was a Polish-Austrian Jewish psychologist.

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Emanuel Feuermann

Emanuel Feuermann (November 22, 1902May 25, 1942) was an internationally celebrated cellist in the first half of the 20th century.

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Embassy of Austria in Moscow

The Embassy of Austria in Moscow is the diplomatic mission of the Republic of Austria to the Russian Federation.

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Embassy of Austria, London

The Embassy of Austria in London is the diplomatic mission of Austria in the United Kingdom.

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Embassy of the United States, Vienna

The Embassy of the United States of America in Vienna is the main United States diplomatic mission to Austria.

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Emil Fey

Emil Fey (23 March 1886 – 16 March 1938) was an officer in the Austro-Hungarian Army, leader of the right-wing paramilitary Heimwehr forces and politician of the First Austrian Republic.

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Emil Fröschels

Emil Fröschels (August 24, 1884 – January 18, 1972) was an Austrian specialist in speech and voice therapy.

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Emil Kaufmann

Emil Kaufmann (1891 in Vienna – 1953 in Cheyenne, Wyoming) was an Austrian art and architecture historian.

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Emil Mayer

Emil Mayer (October 5, 1871 in Neubydzow, Bohemia – June 8, 1938 in Vienna) was an Austrian jurist and photographer.

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Emil Vogel

Emil Wilhelm Vogel (20 July 1894 – 1 October 1985) was a German general during World War II who commanded the XXXVI Mountain Corps.

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Emilie Louise Flöge

Emilie Louise Flöge (30 August 1874 in Vienna – 26 May 1952 in Vienna) was an Austrian fashion designer, and businesswoman.

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Emmerich Kálmán

Emmerich Kálmán (24 October 1882 – 30 October 1953) was a Hungarian composer of operettas.

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Engel Lund

EngelLund (14 July 1900 – 15 June 1996) was a Danish-Icelandic soprano and a collector and distinguished interpreter of traditional music.

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Engelbert Dollfuss

Engelbert Dollfuss (Engelbert Dollfuß,; 4 October 1892 – 25 July 1934) was an Austrian Christian Social and Patriotic Front statesman.

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England–Germany football rivalry

The England–Germany football rivalry is considered to be mainly an English phenomenon—in the run-up to any competition match between the two teams, many UK newspapers will print articles detailing results of previous encounters, such as those in 1966 and 1990.

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Ephrussi family

The Ephrussi family were a Russian Jewish banking and oil dynasty.

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Eric Kandel

Eric Richard Kandel (born November 7, 1929) is an Austrian-American neuroscientist and a University Professor of biochemistry and biophysics at the College of Physicians and Surgeons at Columbia University.

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Eric Pleskow

Eric Pleskow (born April 24, 1924 in Vienna, Austria) is an Austrian film producer and the former president of the movie studios United Artists and Orion Pictures.

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Eric Voegelin

Eric Voegelin (born Erich Hermann Wilhelm Vögelin;; January 3, 1901 – January 19, 1985) was a German-born American political philosopher.

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Eric W. Gritsch

Eric W. Gritsch (originally Erich Walter Gritsch, April 19, 1931, Neuhaus am Klausenbach, Austria - December 29, 2012, Baltimore, United States) was an American Lutheran ecumenical theologian and Luther scholar.

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Erich Buschenhagen

Erich Buschenhagen (8 December 1895 – 13 September 1994) was a German general in the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany who commanded the LII Corps during World War II.

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Erich Eliskases

Erich Gottlieb Eliskases (15 February 1913 – 2 February 1997) was a chess grandmaster of the 1930s and 1940s, who represented Austria, Germany and Argentina in international competition.

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Erich Fried

Erich Fried (6 May 1921 – 22 November 1988) was an Austrian-born poet, writer and translator.

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Erich Leinsdorf

Erich Leinsdorf (born Erich Landauer; February 4, 1912 – September 11, 1993) was an Austrian-born American conductor.

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Erich Wolfgang Korngold

Erich Wolfgang Korngold (May 29, 1897 – November 29, 1957) was an Austrian-born composer and conductor.

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Erich Zeisl

Erich Zeisl (May 18, 1905 – February 18, 1959) was an Austrian-born Jewish American composer.

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Erich-Heinrich Clößner

Erich-Heinrich Clößnerr (17 September 1888 – 28 March 1976) was a German general during World War II who held commands at the divisional and corps levels.

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Ernest Gold (composer)

Ernst Sigmund Goldner (July 13, 1921 – March 17, 1999), known professionally as Ernest Gold, was an Austrian-born American composer.

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Ernest Jones

Alfred Ernest Jones (1 January 1879 – 11 February 1958) was a Welsh neurologist and psychoanalyst.

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Ernest Tennant

Ernest William Dalrymple Tennant OBE (5 May 1887 – 31 July 1962)Charles Mosley (ed.), Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knightage, 107th edition, 3 volumes.

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Ernst Buffa

Ernst Buffa (14 February 1893 – 19 September 1971) was a general in the Luftwaffe of Nazi Germany during World War II.

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Ernst Florian Winter

Ernst Florian Winter (16 December 1923 – 16 April 2014) was an Austrian-American historian and political scientist, the first director of the Diplomatic Academy of Vienna after World War II, and chairman of the International Council of the Austrian Service Abroad.

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Ernst Girzick

Ernst Adolf Girzick (17 October 1911 in Vienna – date of death unknown) was an Austrian SS-Obersturmführer (1945) and an employee in the Eichmannreferat of the Reich Security Main Office (RSHA).

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Ernst Gombrich

Sir Ernst Hans Josef Gombrich (30 March 1909 – 3 November 2001) was an Austrian-born art historian who, after settling in England in 1936, became a naturalised British citizen in 1947 and spent most of his working life in the United Kingdom.

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Ernst Graf Strachwitz

Ernst Graf Strachwitz (22 December 1919 – 13 July 1998) was a German Wehrmacht officer during World War II, Austrian politician and lawyer.

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Ernst Haeussermann

Ernst Haeussermann (3 June 1916 – 11 June 1984) was a German-born Austrian theatre director and actor.

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Ernst Kaltenbrunner

Ernst Kaltenbrunner (4 October 190316 October 1946) was an Austrian-born senior official of Nazi Germany during World War II.

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Ernst Leonhardt

Ernst Leonhardt (September 25, 1885 – March 26, 1945) was an American-born Swiss military figure and pro-Nazi Germany politician.

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Ernst Lerch

Ernst Lerch (19 November 1914 – 1997) was one of the most important men of Operation Reinhard (Aktion Reinhard), responsible for "Jewish affairs" and the mass murder of the Jews in the General Government (Generalgouvernement).

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Ernst Lothar

Ernst Lothar (25 October 1890 – 30 October 1974) was a Moravian-Austrian writer, theatre director/manager and producer.

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Ernst Ludwig Kirchner

Ernst Ludwig Kirchner (6 May 1880 – 15 June 1938) was a German expressionist painter and printmaker and one of the founders of the artists group Die Brücke or "The Bridge", a key group leading to the foundation of Expressionism in 20th-century art.

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Ernst Mally

Ernst Mally (11 October 1879 – 8 March 1944) was an Austrian philosopher affiliated with the so-called Graz School of phenomenological psychology.

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Ernst Neubach

Ernst Neubach (3 January 1900, Vienna – 21 May 1968, Munich) was an Austrian screenwriter, producer and director.

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Ernst Oster

Ernst Oster (January 26, 1908 — June 30, 1977) was a pianist, musicologist, and music theorist.

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Ernst Pulgram

Ernst Pulgram (September 18, 1915 – August 17, 2005) was an American linguist of Austrian origins whose main interest lay in the Italic and Romance languages.

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Ernst Rüdiger Starhemberg

Ernst Rüdiger Camillo Starhemberg (Eferding, 10 May 1899 – Schruns, 15 March 1956; His Serene Highness Ernst Rüdiger Camillo 6. Fürst von Starhemberg until the 1919 abolition of nobility) was an Austrian nationalist and conservative politician prior to World War II, a leader of the Heimwehr and later of the Christian Social Party/Fatherland Front.

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Ernst Schwarz (sinologist)

Ernst Schwarz (August 6, 1916, Vienna - September 6, 2003, Münichreith) was an Austrian sinologist and translator.

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Ernst-Happel-Stadion

The Ernst Happel Stadion (Praterstadion until 1992, sometimes also called Wiener Stadion) in Leopoldstadt, the 2nd district of Austria's capital Vienna, is the largest stadium in Austria.

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Erwin Schrödinger

Erwin Rudolf Josef Alexander Schrödinger (12 August 1887 – 4 January 1961), sometimes written as or, was a Nobel Prize-winning Austrian physicist who developed a number of fundamental results in the field of quantum theory, which formed the basis of wave mechanics: he formulated the wave equation (stationary and time-dependent Schrödinger equation) and revealed the identity of his development of the formalism and matrix mechanics.

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Erwin Stein

Erwin Stein (7 November 188517 July 1958) was an Austrian musician and writer, prominent as a pupil and friend of Schoenberg, with whom he studied between 1906 and 1910.

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Erwin Stengel

Erwin Stengel (25 March 1902 - 2 June 1973) was an Austrian-British neurologist, psychiatrist, and psychoanalyst.

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Erwin von Lahousen

Generalmajor Erwin von Lahousen (25 October 1897 – 24 February 1955) was a high-ranking Abwehr official during the Second World War, as well as a member of the German Resistance and a key player in attempts to assassinate Adolf Hitler on 13 March 1943 and 20 July 1944.

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Esotericism in Germany and Austria

This article gives an overview of esoteric movements in Germany and Austria between 1880 and 1945, presenting Theosophy, Anthroposophy and Ariosophy, among others, against the influences of earlier European esotericism.

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Esther Hamerman

Esther Hamerman (born Esther Wachsmann) (1886-1977) was an American painter.

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Eugénia Miskolczy Meller

Eugénia Miskolczy Meller (Mellerné Miskolczy Eugénia 14 January 1872 – 1945) was one of the most active feminists and women's rights activists in Hungary from the turn of the century to the interwar period.

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Eugen Beyer

Eugen Beyer (* 18 February 1882 in Pohrlitz (Moravia), † 25 July 1940 in Salzburg) was an Austrian Feldmarschalleutnant in the 1930s and Wehrmacht General of the Infantry during the early years of the Second World War.

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Eugen Jensen

Eugen Jensen (1871–1957) was an Austrian stage and film actor.

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Europe

Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere.

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European Athletics Championships

The European Athletics Championships is a biennial (from 2010) athletics event organised by the European Athletics Association.

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European foreign policy of the Chamberlain ministry

The European foreign policy of the Chamberlain ministry from 1937 to 1940 was based on Neville Chamberlain's commitment to "peace for our time", pursuing a policy of appeasement and containment towards Nazi Germany while increasing the strength of Britain's armed forces, until in September 1939 he delivered an ultimatum over the invasion of Poland followed by a declaration of war against Germany.

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European nations at the FIFA World Cup

Association football is the most popular sport in nearly every European country and 33 of the current members of UEFA have competed at the men's FIFA World Cup.

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Eva Cox

Eva Maria Cox (born 21 February 1938) is an Austrian-born Australian writer, feminist, sociologist, social commentator and activist.

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Eva Marks

Eva Marks (born 1932 in Vienna) is a survivor of the Holocaust and the wife of Stan Marks.

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Eva Pawlik

Eva Pawlik (4 October 1927 in Vienna – 31 July 1983 in Vienna) was an Austrian figure skater (European Champion, Olympic silver medalist), a show star, an actress and the world´s first lady figure skater to be a TV figure skating commentator (sportscaster on TV).

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Eva Schloss

Eva Geiringer Schloss, MBE (born 11 May 1929) is a Holocaust survivor memoirist and stepdaughter of Otto Frank, the father of Margot and Anne Frank.

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Eva Schmidt-Kolmer

Eva Schmidt-Kolmer (25 June 1913 - 29 August 1991) was an Austrian-German physician, university teacher and social psychologist.

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Eva von Sacher-Masoch

Eva von Sacher-Masoch, Baroness Erisso (4 December 1911 – 22 May 1991) was an Austrian aristocrat, great-niece of utopian humanist author Leopold von Sacher-Masoch (1836–1895) whose father Leopold Johann Nepomuk Ritter von Sacher ("Ritter" meaning knight, a title of nobility), combined his own with the von Masoch Slovak aristocratic title of his wife (last in that line) when his loyal services as Commissioner of the Imperial Police Forces in Lemberg (in present-day Ukraine) were rewarded with a new title, Sacher-Masoch (disambiguation, ''in German''), by the Austrian Emperor.

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Events preceding World War II in Europe

The events preceding World War II in Europe are closely tied to the rise of fascism, especially in Nazi Germany.

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Exilliteratur

German Exilliteratur (exile literature) is the name for a category of books in the German language written by writers of anti-Nazi attitude who fled from Nazi Germany and its occupied territories between 1933 and 1945.

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Expansionism

In general, expansionism consists of policies of governments and states that involve territorial, military or economic expansion.

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Fanny von Starhemberg

Princess Franziska von Starhemberg (Franziska Fürstin von Starhemberg, also known as Fanny Starhemberg or Princess Fanny Starhemberg; 24 October 1875 - 27 April 1943), was an Austrian politician of the Christian Social Party.

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Farmers' League

Farmers' League (Bund der Landwirte, BdL, Německý svaz zemědělců) was an ethnic German agrarian political party in Czechoslovakia.

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Fascism in Europe

Fascism in Europe was composed of numerous ideologies present during the 20th century which all developed their own differences from each other.

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Fatherland Front (Austria)

The Fatherland Front (Vaterländische Front, VF) was the ruling political organisation of "Austrofascism".

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Führermuseum

The Führermuseum (English, Leader's Museum), also referred to as the Linz art gallery, was an unrealized art museum within a cultural complex planned by Adolf Hitler for his hometown, the Austrian city of Linz, near his birthplace of Braunau.

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FC Admira Wacker Mödling

FC Admira Wacker Mödling, also known as simply Admira, is a football club from Mödling, Austria.

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FC Schalke 04

Fußballclub Gelsenkirchen-Schalke 04 e. V., commonly known as FC Schalke 04, Schalke or abbreviated as S04, is a professional German association-football club and multi-sports club originally from the Schalke district of Gelsenkirchen, North Rhine-Westphalia.

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February 1947

The following events occurred in February 1947.

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Federal Chancellery (Austria)

The Federal Chancellery (Bundeskanzleramt), abbreviated BKA, is a federal agency on cabinet-level, serving as the executive office of the Chancellor of Austria.

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Federal Constitutional Law (Austrian act)

The Federal Constitutional Law (German: Bundes-Verfassungsgesetz, abbreviated B-VG) is the centerpiece of the constitution of the Republic of Austria.

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Federal State of Austria

The Federal State of Austria (Austrian German: Bundesstaat Österreich ; colloquially known as the Ständestaat, "Corporate State") was a continuation of the First Austrian Republic between 1934 and 1938 when it was a one-party state led by the clerico-fascist Fatherland Front.

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Fedor von Bock

Fedor von Bock (3 December 1880 – 4 May 1945) was a German field marshal who served in the German army during the Second World War.

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Felix Ehrenhaft

Felix Ehrenhaft (24 April 1879 – 4 March 1952) was an Austrian physicist who contributed to atomic physics, to the measurement of electrical charges and to the optical properties of metal colloids.

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Felix Fleischner

Felix G. Fleischner, MD (July 29, 1893, Vienna – August 1969) was an Austrian-American radiologist from Boston.

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Felix Pollak

Felix Pollak (November 11, 1909 – November 19, 1987) was an American librarian, translator, and poet.

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Felix Salten

Felix Salten (6 September 1869 – 8 October 1945) was an Austrian author and critic in Vienna.

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Felix Wurman

Felix Wurman (October 27, 1958December 26, 2009) was an American cellist and composer.

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Ferenc Szálasi

Ferenc Szálasi (6 January 1897 – 12 March 1946) was the leader of the fascist Arrow Cross Party – Hungarist Movement, the "Leader of the Nation" (Nemzetvezető), being both Head of State and Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Hungary's "Government of National Unity" (Nemzeti Összefogás Kormánya) for the final six months of Hungary's participation in World War II, after Germany occupied Hungary and removed Miklós Horthy by force.

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Fiat A.30

The Fiat A.30 R.A. was an Italian water-cooled aircraft engine from the 1920s, built in large numbers and serving with several air forces up to the beginning of World War II.

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FIFA World Cup

The FIFA World Cup, often simply called the World Cup, is an international association football competition contested by the senior men's national teams of the members of the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA), the sport's global governing body.

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Final Solution

The Final Solution (Endlösung) or the Final Solution to the Jewish Question (die Endlösung der Judenfrage) was a Nazi plan for the extermination of the Jews during World War II.

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First and second terms of the presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt

The first and second terms of the presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt began on March 4, 1933, when he was inaugurated as the 32nd President of the United States, and ended with Roosevelt's third inauguration on January 20, 1941.

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First Austrian Republic

The First Austrian Republic (Republik Österreich) was created after the signing of the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye on September 10, 1919—the settlement after the end of World War I which ended the Habsburg rump state of Republic of German-Austria—and ended with the establishment of the Austrofascist Federal State of Austria based upon a dictatorship of Engelbert Dollfuss and the Fatherland's Front in 1934.

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First Czechoslovak Republic

The first Czechoslovak Republic (Czech / Československá republika) was the Czechoslovak state that existed from 1918 to 1938.

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First Order (Star Wars)

The First Order is an autocratic military dictatorship in the Star Wars franchise, introduced in the 2015 film Star Wars: The Force Awakens.

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First Vienna Award

The First Vienna Award was a treaty signed on November 2, 1938, as a result of the First Vienna Arbitration.

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First Vienna FC

First Vienna FC is an Austrian association football club based in the Döbling district of Vienna.

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FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 1938

The FIS Alpine World Ski Championships 1938 were held in Engelberg, Switzerland in February 1938.

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FK Austria Wien

Fußballklub Austria Wien (known in English as Austria Vienna, and usually shortened to Austria in German-speaking countries), is an Austrian association football club from the capital city of Vienna.

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Flag desecration

Flag desecration is a term applied to the desecration of flags or violation of flag protocol, a various set of acts that intentionally destroy, damage, or mutilate a flag in public.

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Florianerbahn

The Florianerbahn is a museum tramway in Upper Austria that is not operational due to construction work.

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Foreign Policy Research Institute

The Foreign Policy Research Institute (FPRI) is an American think tank based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

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Foreign relations of Mexico

The foreign relations of Mexico are directed by the President of the United Mexican States and managed through the Secretariat of Foreign Affairs.

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Foreign relations of Pope Pius XII

Foreign relations of Pope Pius XII extended to most of Europe and a few states outside Europe.

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Foreign relations of Romania

The foreign relations of Romania are conducted by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Ministerul Afacerilor Externe).

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Foreign relations of the Axis powers

Foreign relations of the Axis powers includes states which were not officially members of the Axis but had relations with one or more Axis members.

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Fort Heldsberg

Fort Heldsberg was built 1938–1940 near St. Margrethen in Switzerland, overlooking the Rhine, which forms the Swiss-Austrian border at that location, just south of Lake Constance.

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FORVM

FORVM was an Austrian cultural and political magazine, published in Vienna from 1954 till 1995, founded by Friedrich Hansen-Loeve, Felix Hubalek, Alexander Lernet-Holenia und Friedrich Torberg with the financial and logistical support of the CIA-funded Congress for Cultural Freedom (CCF).

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Frank Knopfelmacher

Frank Knopfelmacher (Vienna, 3 February 1923 – Melbourne, 17 May 1995), was a Czech Jew,Knopfelmacher, Andrew (subject's son): at pwhce.org, 21 March 2002.

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Frank Kreith

Frank Kreith (15 December 1922 – 8 January 2018), American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME).

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Frankenburg am Hausruck

Frankenburg am Hausruck is a municipality in the district of Vöcklabruck in the Austrian state of Upper Austria.

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Franklin D. Roosevelt

Franklin Delano Roosevelt Sr. (January 30, 1882 – April 12, 1945), often referred to by his initials FDR, was an American statesman and political leader who served as the 32nd President of the United States from 1933 until his death in 1945.

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Franz Antel

Franz Antel (28 June 1913 – 11 August 2007) was a veteran Austrian filmmaker.

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Franz Binder

Franz Binder (1 December 1911 – 24 April 1989) was an Austrian football player and coach.

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Franz Borkenau

Franz Borkenau (December 15, 1900 – May 22, 1957) was an Austrian writer and publicist.

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Franz Hofer

Franz Hofer (November 27, 1902 in Bad Hofgastein – February 18, 1975 in Mülheim an der Ruhr) was, in the time of the Third Reich, the Nazi Gauleiter of the Tyrol and Vorarlberg.

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Franz Jáchym

Franz Jáchym (3 September 1910 – 29 November 1984) was an Austrian prelate of the Roman Catholic Church who served as Coadjutor Bishop of Vienna from 1950–83, and as Titular Archbishop of Maronea.

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Franz Jägerstätter

Franz Jägerstätter, O.F.S., (also spelled Jaegerstaetter in English) (20 May 1907 – 9 August 1943) (born as Franz Huber) was an Austrian conscientious objector during World War II.

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Franz Josef Huber

Franz Josef Huber (22 January 1902 – 30 January 1975) was an SS general (SS number: 107,099) who rose to the rank of SS-Brigadeführer und Generalmajor der Polizei.

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Franz Kain

Franz Kain (January 10, 1922 – October 27, 1997) was an Austrian writer and politician.

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Franz Konrad (SS officer)

Franz Konrad (1 March 1906, Liesing – 6 March 1952, Warsaw) was an Austrian mid-level commander in the SS of Nazi Germany who was an administrative official responsible for the Werteerfassung or "valued acquisitions" in the Warsaw Ghetto.

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Franz Kutschera

Franz Kutschera (22 February 1904 – 1 February 1944) was a high-ranking Austrian Nazi official, SS-Brigadeführer and member of the German security services.

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Franz Landgraf

Franz Landgraf (16 July 1888 – 19 April 1944) was a general in the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany during World War II.

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Franz Langoth

Franz Langoth (20 August 1877 – 17 April 1953) was an Austrian nationalist politician who later became a leading figure in the country's Nazi movement.

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Franz Mayer Museum

The Franz Mayer Museum (Museo Franz Mayer), in Mexico City opened in 1986 to house, display and maintain Latin America’s largest collection of decorative arts.

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Franz Novak

Franz Novak (10 January 1913 in Wolfsberg, Carinthia – 21 October 1983 in Langenzersdorf) was an Austrian SS-Hauptsturmführer.

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Franz Olah

Franz Olah (13 March 1910 – 4 September 2009) was an Austrian politician who served as the country's Interior Minister from 1963 until 1964 as a member of the Social Democratic Party (SPÖ).

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Franz Schmidt

Franz Schmidt (22 December 187411 February 1939) was an Austrian composer, cellist and pianist.

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Franz Stangl

Franz Paul Stangl (26 March 1908 – 28 June 1971) was an Austrian-born police officer who became an employee of the T-4 Euthanasia Program and an SS commander in Nazi Germany.

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Franz Theodor Csokor

Franz Theodor Csokor (6 September 1885–5 January 1969) was an Austrian author and dramatist, particularly well known for his Expressionist dramas.

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Franz von Papen

Franz von Papen (29 October 18792 May 1969) was a German nobleman, General Staff officer and politician.

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Franz von Sonnleithner

Franz Edler von Sonnleithner (June 1, 1905 – April 18, 1981) was a diplomat who acted as Ribbentrop's representative in Adolf Hitler's headquarters during the later years of the war with the rank of minister.

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Franz Wagner

Franz Wagner (born 23 September 1911; died 8 December 1974 in Vienna) was an Austrian football midfielder.

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Franz Walter Stahlecker

Franz Walter Stahlecker (10 October 1900 – 23 March 1942) was commander of the SS security forces (Sicherheitspolizei (SiPo) and the Sicherheitsdienst (SD)) for the Reichskommissariat Ostland in 1941–42.

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Franz Werfel

Franz Viktor Werfel (10 September 1890 – 26 August 1945) was an Austrian-Bohemian novelist, playwright, and poet whose career spanned World War I, the Interwar period, and World War II.

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Fred Fiedler

Fred Edward Fiedler (July 13, 1922 - June 8, 2017) was one of the leading researchers in industrial and organizational psychology of the 20th century.

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Fred Wander

Fred Wander (5 January 1917 – 10 July 2006) was an Austrian writer and Holocaust survivor.

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Freddy Bienstock

Freddy Bienstock (April 24, 1923 - September 20, 2009) was an American music publisher who built his career in music by being the person responsible for soliciting and selecting songs for Elvis Presley's early albums and films.

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Frederic Morton

Frederic Morton (October 5, 1924 – April 20, 2015) was an Austrian-born American writer.

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Freedom Party of Austria

The Freedom Party of Austria (Freiheitliche Partei Österreichs, FPÖ) is a right-wing populist and national-conservative political party in Austria.

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Freud family

The family of Sigmund Freud, the pioneer of psychoanalysis, lived in Austria and Germany until the 1930s before emigrating to England, Canada and the United States.

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Freud Museum

The Freud Museum in London is a museum dedicated to Sigmund Freud, located in the house where Freud lived with his family during the last year of his life.

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Fridolin Glass

Fridolin Glass, also Glaß (born 14 December 1910 in Lemberg – died 21 February 1943 in the Soviet Union) was an Austrian Nazi activist and Schutzstaffel (SS) officer.

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Friedenstag

Friedenstag (Peace Day) is an opera in one act by Richard Strauss, his Opus 81 and TrV 271, to a German libretto by Joseph Gregor.

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Friederich Ignaz Mautner

Friederich Ignaz Mautner (1921–2001) was an American mathematician, known for his research on the representation theory of groups, functional analysis, and differential geometry.

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Friedrich Adler (politician)

Friedrich Wolfgang "Fritz" Adler (9 July 1879 – 2 January 1960) was an Austrian socialist politician and revolutionary.

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Friedrich Franek

Friedrich Franek (16 July 1891 – 8 April 1976) was an Austrian general in the armed forces of Nazi Germany during World War II.

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Friedrich Franz Bauer

Friedrich Franz Bauer (1903–1972) was a German SS photographer known for his images of propaganda made for the Nazis.

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Friedrich Gollwitzer

Friedrich Gollwitzer (27 April 1889 – 25 March 1977) was a general in the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany who commanded the LIII Army Corps.

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Friedrich Hayek

Friedrich August von Hayek (8 May 189923 March 1992), often referred to by his initials F. A. Hayek, was an Austrian-British economist and philosopher best known for his defense of classical liberalism.

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Friedrich Hecht

Friedrich Hecht (3 August 1903, Vienna – 8 March 1980, Vienna) was an Austrian chemist and writer.

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Friedrich Kottler

Friedrich Kottler (December 10, 1886 – May 11, 1965) was an Austrian theoretical physicist.

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Friedrich Mandl

Friedrich ('Fritz') Mandl (9 February 1900 – 8 September 1977) was chairman of Hirtenberger Patronen-Fabrik, a leading Austrian armaments firm founded by his father, Alexander Mandl.

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Friedrich Materna

Friedrich Materna (21 June 1885 – 11 November 1946) was a General in the Bundesheer (Austrian Federal Army) in the 1930s and the German Wehrmacht during the Second World War.

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Friedrich Rainer

Friedrich W. Rainer (28 July 1903 – 19 July 1947) was an Austrian Nazi politician, Gauleiter as well as a state governor of Salzburg and Carinthia.

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Friedrich Rosenthal

Friedrich Rosenthal (20 July 1885 in Vienna; †21 August 1942 at the Auschwitz concentration camp) was an Austrian director and playwright.

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Friedrich Uebelhoer

Friedrich Uebelhoer (born 25 September 1893 in Rothenburg ob der Tauber, Bavaria – presumed died 1945) was a German politician and official with the Nazi Party.

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Frisch–Peierls memorandum

The Frisch–Peierls memorandum was the first technical exposition of a practical nuclear weapon.

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Fritz Billig

Fritz F. Billig (1902–1986) was a Viennese philatelist and stamp dealer who fled to the United States after the Austrian Anschluss in 1938 and continued his career from Jamaica, New York.

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Fritz Feigl

Fritz Feigl (15 May 1891 – 23 January 1971) was a Jewish Austrian-born chemist.

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Fritz Grossmann

Fritz Grossmann, art historian.

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Fritz Köberle

Fritz Köberle (October 1, 1910 in Eichgraben, Austria – February 20, 1983) was an Austrian-Brazilian physician, pathologist and scientist, discoverer of the neurogenic mechanism of the chronic phase of Chagas disease, a human parasitic disease caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, a protozoan.

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Fritz Löhner-Beda

Fritz Löhner-Beda (24 June 1883 – 4 December 1942), born Bedřich Löwy, was an Austrian librettist, lyricist and writer.

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Fritz Muliar

Fritz Muliar, born as Friedrich Ludwig Stand (December 12, 1919 – May 4, 2009), was an Austrian actor who, due to his huge popularity, is often referred to by his countrymen as Volksschauspieler.

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Fritz Rohrlich

Fritz Rohrlich (born May 12, 1921 in Vienna, Austria) is an American theoretical physicist who studied classical electrodynamics and quantum electrodynamics.

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Fritz Schulz (actor)

Fritz Schulz (25 April 1896 – 9 May 1972) was a German and Austrian movie and stage actor, singer and director.

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Fritz Schwarz-Waldegg

Fritz Schwarz-Waldegg, originally Friedrich Schwarz (1 March 1889, Vienna - 4 September 1942, Maly Trostenets) was an Austrian Expressionist and Cubist painter of Jewish ancestry.

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Fritz Spiegl

Fritz Spiegl (27 January 1926 – 23 March 2003) was a musician, journalist, broadcaster, humorist and collector who lived and worked in Britain from 1939.

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Fritz Spira

Fritz Spira (1881–1943) was an Austrian stage and film actor.

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Fritz Szepan

Friedrich "Fritz" Szepan (2 September 1907 in Gelsenkirchen – 14 December 1974 in Gelsenkirchen) was a German footballer in the period leading up to and including World War II.

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Fritz Wegner

Fritz Wegner (15 September 1924 – 15 March 2015) was an Austrian-born illustrator, resident in the United Kingdom from 1938.

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Fritz Wotruba

Fritz Wotruba (23 April 1907, Vienna – 28 August 1975, Vienna) was an Austrian sculptor of Czecho-Hungarian descent.

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Fritzi Burger

Friederike "Fritzi" Burger (6 June 1910 – 16 February 1999) was an Austrian figure skater.

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Fritzi Gordon

Fritzi Gordon (1905 or 1916 – 8 February 1992) was an Austrian-born British bridge player, half of the most famous and tempestuous female partnership in the game's history.

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Fritzi Löwy

Friederike "Fritzi" Löwy (18 November 1910 – 13 March 1994) was an Austrian swimmer who won a bronze medal in the 400 m freestyle at the 1927 European Aquatics Championships.

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Fuhrer city

A Fuhrer city, or Führerstadt in German, was a status given to five German cities in 1937 by Adolf Hitler, the dictator of Nazi Germany.

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Fulham F.C.

Fulham Football Club is a professional association football club based in Fulham, London, England.

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Functionalism versus intentionalism

Functionalism versus intentionalism is a historiographical debate about the origins of the Holocaust as well as most aspects of the Third Reich, such as foreign policy.

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G. Frederick Reinhardt

George Frederick "Fred" Reinhardt (1911–1971) was an American foreign service officer and diplomat from 1937 until 1968.

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Galerie St. Etienne

Galerie St.

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Gallery of Archduke Leopold Wilhelm in Brussels (Rothschild)

Archduke Leopold Wilhelm and the artist in the archducal picture gallery in Brussels is a 1653 painting of Archduke Leopold Wilhelm's Italian art collection by the Flemish Baroque painter David Teniers the Younger, now held in a private collection, but previously owned by the Rothschild family, which is how it came into the Kunsthistorisches Museum collection for 50 years after World War II in Vienna.

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Gardebataillon

The Gardebataillon (Guard Battalion in English) is a ceremonial unit in the Austrian Armed Forces.

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Gauliga Ostmark

The Gauliga Ostmark, renamed Gauliga Donau-Alpenland in 1941, was the highest football league in Austria after its annexation by Germany in 1938.

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Gendarmerie (Austria)

The Federal Gendarmerie (Bundesgendarmerie) was an Austrian federal law enforcement agency.

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Geopolitik

Geopolitik is the branch of uniquely German geostrategy.

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Georg Alexander Pick

Georg Alexander Pick (10 August 1859 – 26 July 1942) was an Austrian born mathematician.

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Georg Ehrlich

Georg Ehrlich (22 February 1897 – 1 July 1966) was an Austrian sculptor.

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Georg Graf von Rittberg

George Graf von Rittberg (30 May 1898 – 6 June 1973) was a German general during World War II who commanded the 88th Infantry Division.

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Georg Kreisel

Georg Kreisel FRS (September 15, 1923 – March 1, 2015) was an Austrian-born mathematical logician who studied and worked in Great Britain and America.

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Georg Mayer-Marton

Georg Mayer-Marton (3 June 1897 – 8 August 1960) was a Hungarian Jewish artist who was a significant figure in Viennese art between the First and Second World Wars, working in oil, watercolour and graphics.

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Georg Ritter von Hengl

Georg Ritter von Hengl (21 October 1897 – 19 March 1952) was a general in the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany during World War II who commanded the XIX Mountain Corps.

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Georg Ritter von Schönerer

Georg Ritter von Schönerer (17 July 1842 – 14 August 1921) was an Austrian landowner and politician of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy active in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

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Georg Thomas

Georg Thomas (20 February 1890 – 29 December 1946) was a German general in the Third Reich.

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Georg von Metaxa

Georg Felix Ritter von Metaxa (Γεώργιος φον Μεταξάς; 7 October 1914 – 12 December 1944) was an Austrian tennis player active in the 1930s.

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Georg von Trapp

Corvette Captain Georg Ludwig Ritter von Trapp (4 April 1880 – 30 May 1947), was an Austro-Hungarian Navy officer.

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Georg von und zu Franckenstein

Georg Freiherr von und zu Franckenstein (later Sir George Franckenstein) (1878 - 15 October 1953) was the eldest son of Karl Baron von und zu Franckenstein (1831–1898) and his wife, Elma née Countess von Schönborn-Wiesentheid (1841–1884) and a member of the Franckenstein family.

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George Cleve

George Wolfgang Cleve (July 9, 1936 – August 27, 2015) was an Austrian-born American conductor.

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George Eric Rowe Gedye

George Eric Rowe Gedye (*27 May 1890 in Clevedon, Somerset, †21 March 1970; often cited as G. E. R. Gedye), was a British journalist, author and intelligence officer.

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George Weidenfeld, Baron Weidenfeld

George Weidenfeld, Baron Weidenfeld, GBE (13 September 1919 – 20 January 2016) was a British publisher, philanthropist, and newspaper columnist.

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Gerald Stourzh

Gerald Stourzh (born 15 May 1929 in Vienna, Austria) is an Austrian historian who studies modern history, especially the history of North America, of Austria, of political ideas, of constitutions and especially of human rights.

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Gerda Lerner

Gerda Hedwig Lerner (née Kronstein; April 30, 1920 – January 2, 2013) was an Austrian-born American historian and author.

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Gerhard Bronner

Gerhard Bronner (23 October 1922 in Favoriten, Vienna – 19 January 2007 in Vienna) was an Austrian composer, writer, musician and a cabaret artist, known for his contribution to Austrian culture in the post-World War II period.

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Gerhard Engel

Gerhard Engel (13 April 1906 – 9 December 1976) was a German general during World War II who commanded several divisions after serving as an adjutant to Adolf Hitler.

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Gerhard Ritter

Gerhard Georg Bernhard Ritter (6 April 1888, Bad Sooden-Allendorf – 1 July 1967, Freiburg) was a nationalist-conservative German historian, who served as a professor of history at the University of Freiburg from 1925 to 1956.

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German Alpine Club

The German Alpine Club (Deutscher Alpenverein, DAV) is the world's largest climbing association, and the eighth-largest sports union in Germany.

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German and Austrian Alpine Club

The German and Austrian Alpine Club (Deutscher und Österreichischer Alpenverein, DuÖAV) was a merger of the German, Austrian and German Bohemian Alpine Club that existed from 1873 to 1938.

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German Army (Wehrmacht)

The German Army (Heer) was the land forces component of the Wehrmacht, the regular German Armed Forces, from 1935 until it was demobilized and later dissolved in August 1946.

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German Christian Social People's Party

German Christian Social People's Party (Deutsche Christlich-Soziale Volkspartei, DCVP, Německá křesťansko sociální strana lidová) was an ethnic German political party in Czechoslovakia, formed as a continuation from the Austrian Christian Social Party.

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German election and referendum, 1938

Parliamentary elections were held in Germany (including recently annexed Austria) on 10 April 1938.

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German Football Association

The German Football Association (Deutscher Fußball-Bund; DFB) is the governing body of football in Germany.

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German General Staff

The German General Staff, originally the Prussian General Staff and officially Great General Staff (Großer Generalstab), was a full-time body at the head of the Prussian Army and later, the German Army, responsible for the continuous study of all aspects of war, and for drawing up and reviewing plans for mobilization or campaign.

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German Guatemalan

A German Guatemalan is a citizen of Guatemala whose ancestors were German settlers (along with other settlers from Belgium) who arrived in the 19th and 20th centuries.

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German involvement in the Spanish Civil War

German involvement in the Spanish Civil War of 1936 commenced with the outbreak of war in July 1936, with Adolf Hitler immediately sending in powerful air and armored units to assist General Francisco Franco and his Nationalist forces.

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German Jewish Children's Aid

The German Jewish Children's Aid (GJCA) (this is its complete name) was an organization, based in America, which acted as the receiving organization for unaccompanied (and some orphaned) Jewish children emigrating primarily from Germany to the United States.

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German language

German (Deutsch) is a West Germanic language that is mainly spoken in Central Europe.

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German legal citation

As in most countries, Germany has a standard way of citing its legal codes and case law; an essentially identical system of citation is also used in Austria.

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German National Movement in Liechtenstein

The German National Movement in Liechtenstein (Volksdeutsche Bewegung in Liechtenstein, VDBL) was a National Socialist party in Liechtenstein that existed between 1938 and 1945.

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German nationalism

German nationalism is the nationalist idea that Germans are a nation, promotes the unity of Germans and German-speakers into a nation state, and emphasizes and takes pride in the national identity of Germans.

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German nationalism in Austria

German nationalism (Deutschnationalismus) is a political ideology and historical current in Austrian politics.

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German nationality law

German nationality law is the law governing the acquisition, transmission and loss of German citizenship.

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German Naval Intelligence Service

The German Naval Intelligence Service (German: Marinenachrichtendienst) (MND) was the naval intelligence department of the Germany Navy and had a long history, going back to the naval aspirations of German Emperor, Wilhelm II in 1899.

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German Occupation Medals

The German Occupation Medals were a series of awards, also known as the "Flower War medals", created to commemorate the annexation of Austria, Czechoslovakia and the Memelland by Nazi Germany in the interwar period.

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German occupation of Czechoslovakia

The German occupation of Czechoslovakia (1938–1945) began with the German annexation of Czechoslovakia's northern and western border regions, formerly being part of German-Austria known collectively as the Sudetenland, under terms outlined by the Munich Agreement.

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German occupation of the Channel Islands

The German occupation of the Channel Islands lasted for most of the Second World War, from 30 June 1940 until their liberation on 9 May 1945.

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German Question

The German Question was a debate in the 19th century, especially during the Revolutions of 1848, over the best way to achieve the unification of Germany.

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German Reich

Deutsches Reich was the official name for the German nation state from 1871 to 1945 in the German language.

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German resistance to Nazism

German resistance to Nazism (German: Widerstand gegen den Nationalsozialismus) was the opposition by individuals and groups in Germany to the National Socialist regime between 1933 and 1945.

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German-occupied Europe

German-occupied Europe refers to the sovereign countries of Europe which were occupied by the military forces of Nazi Germany at various times between 1939 and 1945 and administered by the Nazi regime.

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German–Soviet Commercial Agreement (1940)

The 1940 German-Soviet Commercial Agreement (also known as Economic Agreement of February 11, 1940, Between the German Reich and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) was an economic arrangement between the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany signed on February 11, 1940 by which the Soviet Union agreed in period from February 11, 1940 to February 11, 1941, in addition to the deliveries under German–Soviet Commercial Agreement, signed on August 19, 1939 deliver the commodities (oil, raw materials and grain) to the value of 420 to 430 million Reichsmarks.

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German–Soviet Credit Agreement (1939)

The German–Soviet Credit Agreement (also referred to as the German–Soviet Trade and Credit Agreement) was an economic arrangement between the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany whereby Soviet Union received an acceptance credit of 200 million Reichsmark.

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Germans

Germans (Deutsche) are a Germanic ethnic group native to Central Europe, who share a common German ancestry, culture and history.

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Germany

Germany (Deutschland), officially the Federal Republic of Germany (Bundesrepublik Deutschland), is a sovereign state in central-western Europe.

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Germany national football team

The Germany national football team (deutsche Fußballnationalmannschaft or Die Mannschaft) is the men's football team that has represented Germany in international competition since 1908.

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Germany national football team manager

The Germany national football team manager (German: Bundestrainer, literally 'Federal Coach' or 'Association Coach') is a position created in 1926 and first held by Otto Nerz.

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Germany–Italy football rivalry

The Germany–Italy football rivalry between the national football teams of Germany and Italy, the two most successful football nations in Europe and only behind Brazil internationally, is a long-running one.

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Germany–Switzerland border

The border between the modern states of Germany and Switzerland extends to 362 km, mostly following the High Rhine between Lake Constance and Basel.

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Gertrud Natzler

Gertrud Amon Natzler (7 July 1908 – 3 June 1971) was an Austrian-American ceramicist, who together with her husband Otto Natzler created some of the most praised ceramics art of the 20th century, helping to elevate ceramics to the status of a fine art.

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Gertrude Pressburger

Gertrude Pressburger (born 1927 in Vienna) is an Austrian Holocaust survivor.

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Giebelstadt Army Airfield

Giebelstadt Army Airfield was a closed military airfield located in Germany southwest of Giebelstadt (Bavaria); approximately 250 miles southwest of Berlin.

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Gilbert and Eleanor Kraus

Gilbert and Eleanor Kraus were an American couple known for rescuing 50 Jewish children prior to the beginning of World War II.

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Gilbert von In der Maur

Gilbert Heinrich Carl August von In der Maur auf Strelberg und zu Freifeld (15 August 1887 - 13 September 1959) was a Liechtenstein-born Austrian military officer, journalist and publicist who was a leading member of the Austrian National Socialist Party.

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Giovanna Berneri

Giovanna Berneri (born Giovannina Caleffi: 5 May 1897 - 14 March 1962) was an educationalist and militant libertarian anarchist.

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Gisela Januszewska

Gisela Januszewska (also known by surnames Kuhn, Rosenfeld and Roda; 22 January 1867 – 2 March 1943) was an Austrian physician.

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Gitta Sereny

Gitta Sereny, CBE (13 March 192114 June 2012) was an Austrian-British biographer, historian, and investigative journalist who came to be known for her interviews and profiles of controversial figures, including Mary Bell, who was convicted in 1968 of killing two children when she herself was a child, and Franz Stangl, the commandant of the Treblinka extermination camp.

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Giuditta

Giuditta is an operatic (German for musical comedy) in five scenes, with music by Franz Lehár and a German libretto, by and Fritz Löhner-Beda.

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Glossary of German military terms

This is a list of words, terms, concepts, and slogans that have been or are used by the German military.

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Glossary of Nazi Germany

This is a list of words, terms, concepts and slogans of Nazi Germany used in the historiography covering the Nazi regime.

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Gordon Brook-Shepherd

Fred Gordon Brook-Shepherd, CBE (born Fred Gordon Shepherd on March 24, 1918 in Nottingham; died January 24, 2004 in London) was a British intelligence agent, journalist, and historian.

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Gordon Gollob

Gordon Max "Mac" Gollob (16 June 1912 – 7 September 1987) was a German fighter pilot during World War II.

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Gott erhalte Franz den Kaiser

"italic" (God Save Emperor Francis) is an anthem to Francis II, Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire and later of the Austrian Empire.

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Government in exile

A government in exile is a political group which claims to be a country or semi-sovereign state's legitimate government, but is unable to exercise legal power and instead resides in another state or foreign country.

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Government of Austria

The Austrian Federal Government (Österreichische Bundesregierung) is a collective body that exercises supreme executive power in the Republic of Austria.

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Graham Seton Hutchison

Lieutenant-Colonel Graham Seton Hutchison (1890–1946Harold Bloom, J. R. R. Tolkien's The lord of the rings, Infobase Publishing, 2008, p. 38) was a Scottish First World War army officer, military theorist, author of both adventure novels and non-fiction works and fascist activist.

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Granitwerke Mauthausen

Granitwerke Mauthausen was one of the names used by the DEST company (Deutsche Erd- und Steinwerke) for its branch based in Sankt Georgen an der Gusen and which exploited the slave manpower confined in certain subcamps of the Mauthausen-Gusen concentration camp system: Gusen I, Gusen II, Gusen III, and Mauthausen.

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Greater German People's Party

The Greater German People's Party (German Großdeutsche Volkspartei, abbreviated GDVP) was a German nationalist and national liberal political party during the First Republic of Austria, established in 1920.

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Greater German Reich

Greater German Reich (German: Großdeutsches Reich) may refer to.

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Greater Germanic Reich

The Greater Germanic Reich (Großgermanisches Reich), fully styled the Greater Germanic Reich of the German Nation (Großgermanisch Reich der Deutschen Nation) is the official state name of the political entity that Nazi Germany tried to establish in Europe during World War II.

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Gregory Weeks

Gregory Weeks (born 1970) is a lecturer at the International Relations Department at Webster University in Vienna, Austria.

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Gretel Beer

Gretel Beer (Vienna, 11 July 1921 – 11 August 2010, Deal, Kent) was an Austrian-born English author of cooking books and travel reports.

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Griffen, Austria

Griffen (Grebinj) is a market town in the district of Völkermarkt in the Austrian state of Carinthia.

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Groß-Enzersdorf

Groß-Enzersdorf is a town and municipality in the district of Gänserndorf in the Austrian state of Lower Austria, directly to the east of Vienna and north of the river Danube.

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Großdeutschland (disambiguation)

Großdeutschland is German for "Greater Germany" or "Big Germany." It can refer to.

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Grossglockner Races

The Grossglockner Races were hillclimbs for automobiles and motorcycles held in 1935, 1938 and 1939 on the Grossglockner High Alpine Road crossing the Central Eastern Alps in Austria.

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Gudovac massacre

The Gudovac massacre was the mass killing of around 190 Bjelovar Serbs by the Croatian nationalist Ustaše movement on 28 April 1941, during World War II.

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Guido Schmidt

Guido Schmidt (15 January 1901 – 5 December 1957) was an Austrian diplomat and politician, who served as Foreign Minister from 1936 to 1938.

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Guido von Pirquet

Guido von Pirquet (30 March 1880 – 17 April 1966) was an Austrian pioneer of astronautics and a Baron of a lower noble family.

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Gumpoldskirchen

Gumpoldskirchen is a town in the district of Mödling in the Austrian state of Lower Austria.

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Guntramsdorf

Guntramsdorf is a town in the district of Mödling in the Austrian state of Lower Austria.

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Gurs internment camp

Gurs Internment Camp was a internment camp and prisoner of war camp constructed in 1939 in Gurs, a site in southwestern France, not far from Pau.

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Gustav Abb

Gustav Abb (February 23, 1886 in Berlin – April 28, 1945) was a German librarian and Nazi.

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Gustav Anton von Wietersheim

Gustav Anton von Wietersheim (11 February 1884 – 25 April 1974) was a German general in the Wehrmacht during World War II.

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Gustav Schwarzenegger

Gustav Schwarzenegger (17 August 1907 – 13 December 1972) was an Austrian police chief (Gendarmeriekommandant), postal inspector and a military police officer.

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Gustav Ucicky

Gustav Ucicky (6 July 1898 – 27 April 1961) was an Austrian film director, screenwriter and cinematographer.

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Gustave E. von Grunebaum

Gustave Edmund von Grunebaum (1 September 1909 in Vienna Austria – 27 February 1972 in Los Angeles United States, born Gustav Edmund Ritter von Grünebaum, Archive for the History of Sociology in Austria) was an Austrian historian and Arabist.

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Gymnasium Wasagasse

The Gymnasium Wasagasse (Bundesgymnasium Wien IX, in short BG9) is a secondary school in Alsergrund, the 9th district of Vienna.

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Habsburg Law

The Habsburg Law (Habsburgergesetz (in full, the Law concerning the Expulsion and the Takeover of the Assets of the House Habsburg-Lorraine) Gesetz vom 3. April 1919 betreffend die Landesverweisung und die Übernahme des Vermögens des Hauses Habsburg-Lothringen) was a law originally passed by the Constitutional Assembly (Konstituierende Nationalversammlung) of German Austria, one of the successor states of dismantled Austria-Hungary, on 3 April 1919.

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Hagenbund

The Hagenbund or Künstlerbund Hagen was a group of Austrian artists that formed in 1899.

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Haim-Moshe Shapira

Haim-Moshe Shapira (חיים משה שפירא, 26 March 1902 – 16 July 1970) was a key Israeli politician in the early days of the state's existence.

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Hakoah Vienna

SC Hakoah Vienna (Sport Club Hakoah Wien; Hakoah means "the strength" in Hebrew) is a Jewish sports club in Vienna, Austria.

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Hamburg Police

The Hamburg Police (Hamburger Polizei or Polizei Hamburg) is the German Landespolizei force for the city-state of Hamburg.

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Hanna Sturm

Hanna Sturm (28 February 1891 – 9 March 1984) was a labour rights and peace activist who became a resistance activist after Austria was merged into Nazi Germany in 1938.

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Hannes Schneider

Johann "Hannes" Schneider (June 24, 1890 – April 26, 1955) was an Austrian Ski instructor of the first half of the twentieth century.

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Hanns Diehl

Hanns Diehl (March 13, 1877 – December 22, 1946) was a German-Austrian artist influential as the founder of Vienna's Künstlerbund Segantini (1921–1938).

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Hanns Martin Schleyer

Hanns Martin Schleyer (1 May 1915 – 18 October 1977) was a German business executive and employer and industry representative, who served as President of two powerful commercial organizations, the Confederation of German Employers' Associations (Bundesvereinigung der Deutschen Arbeitgeberverbände, BDA) and the Federation of German Industries (Bundesverband der Deutschen Industrie, BDI).

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Hanoch Teller

Hanoch Teller (born 1956) is an Orthodox Jewish rabbi, author, lecturer, and producer who popularized the Jewish literary genre of true, contemporary stories to convey inspirational and ethical themes.

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Hans Androschin

Hans Androschin (born Johann Androschin, 16 March 1892 in Vienna – 18 May 1976 in Vienna) was an Austrian cinematographer.

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Hans Bergen

Hans Bergen (5 March 1890 – 17 February 1957) was a German general during World War II who commanded several divisions.

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Hans Fischböck

Hans Fischböck (24 January 1895 – 3 July 1967) was an Austrian banker who was the economics minister and minister of finance of Austria and the finance minister of Nazi occupied Holland.

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Hans Fronius

Hans Fronius (12 September 1903 - 21 March 1988) was an Austrian painter and illustrator.

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Hans G. Furth

Hans Gerhard Fürth or Hans G. Furth (December 2, 1920, Vienna – November 7, 1999, Takoma Park, Maryland), was a Professor emeritus in the Faculty of Psychology of the Catholic University of America in Washington, D.C., aged 78 at the time of his death.

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Hans Gál

Hans Gál OBE (5 August 18903 October 1987) was an Austrian-British composer, teacher and author.

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Hans Habe

Hans Habe (February 12, 1911, Budapest – September 29, 1977, Locarno) was a Hungarian and American writer and newspaper publisher.

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Hans Heinsheimer

Hans Heinsheimer (Sept. 25, 1900 in Karlsruhe – Oct 12, 1993 in New York City) was a music publisher, author, and journalist.

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Hans J. Reiter

Hans Jakob Reiter (26 November 1921, in Vienna – 13 August 1992) was an Austrian mathematician working in analysis.

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Hans Jaray

Hans Jaray (1906–1990) was an Austrian actor and playwright.

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Hans Keller

Hans (Heinrich) Keller (11 March 19196 November 1985) was an Austrian-born British musician and writer who made significant contributions to musicology and music criticism, as well as being a commentator on such disparate fields as psychoanalysis and football.

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Hans Knappertsbusch

Hans Knappertsbusch (12 March 1888 – 25 October 1965) was a German conductor, best known for his performances of the music of Richard Wagner, Anton Bruckner and Richard Strauss as well as his unique public persona and conducting style.

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Hans Kronberger (physicist)

Hans Kronberger CBE, FRS (28 July 1920 – 29 September 1970) was a British physicist.

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Hans Maršálek

Hans Maršálek (19 July 1914 – 9 December 2011) was an Austrian typesetter, political activist, detective, and historian.

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Hans Mark

Hans Michael Mark (born June 17, 1929 in Mannheim, Germany) is a former Secretary of the Air Force and a former Deputy Administrator of NASA.

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Hans Müller (chess player)

Hans Müller (1 December 1896, Vienna – 28 February 1971, Vienna) was an Austrian chess player, theoretician and author of books.

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Hans Mock

Johann "Hans" Mock (9 December 1906 in Vienna – 22 May 1982) was an Austrian football midfielder.

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Hans Olden

Hans Olden (1892–1975) was an Austrian stage and film actor.

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Hans P. Kraus

Hans Peter Kraus (October 12, 1907 – November 1, 1988), also known as H. P. Kraus or HPK, was an Austrian-born book dealer described as "without doubt the most successful and dominant rare book dealer in the world in the second half of the 20th century" and in a league with other rare book dealers such as Bernard Quaritch, Guillaume de Bure and A.S.W. Rosenbach.

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Hans Pesser

Johann "Hans" Erik Pesser (7 November 1911 – 12 August 1986) was an Austrian football striker and coach.

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Hans Philipp

Hans Philipp (17 March 1917 – 8 October 1943) was a German Luftwaffe fighter ace during World War II.

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Hans Popper

Hans Popper (24 November 1903 – 6 May 1988) was a pathologist, hepatologist and teacher.

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Hans Schwarz (artist)

Hans Schwarz, (29 December 1922 – 28 May 2003) was a prolific Austrian artist, who spent most of his life in Britain and was notable for his portrait painting, several examples of which are held by the National Portrait Gallery in London.

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Hans Thirring

Hans Thirring (March 23, 1888 – March 22, 1976) was an Austrian theoretical physicist, professor, and father of the physicist Walter Thirring.

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Hans Tuppy

Hans Tuppy is a biochemist who participated in the sequencing of insulin, and became Austria's first university professor for biochemistry.

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Hans Weigel

Julius Hans Weigel (29 May 1908, Vienna – 12 August 1991, Maria Enzersdorf) was an Austrian Jewish writer and a theater critic (till 1962).

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Hans Wilhelm Hammerbacher

Hans Wilhelm Hammerbacher (2 November 1903 – 1980) was a German author and, in Nazi Germany, a member of the Sturmabteilung.

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Hans Zeisel

Hans Zeisel (1905—1992) was a Czech-American sociologist and legal scholar who taught at the University of Chicago Law School from 1953 to 1974.

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Hans-Karl von Scheele

Hans-Karl von Scheele (23 May 1892 – 8 October 1955) was a German general in the Wehrmacht during World War II.

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Hans-Otto Borgmann

Hans-Otto Borgmann (20 October 1901 – 26 July 1977) was a German film music composer during the Third Reich.

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Hans-Ulrich Back

Hans-Ulrich Back (26 August 1896 – 14 February 1976) was a German general in the Wehrmacht during World War II who held several divisional commands.

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Harald von Hirschfeld

Harald von Hirschfeld (10 July 1912 – 18 January 1945) was a war criminal and general in the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany who commanded the 78.Volksgrenadier-Division during World War II.

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Hargelsberg

Hargelsberg is a municipality in the district Linz-Land in the Austrian state of Upper Austria.

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Harry Brittain

Sir Harry Ernest Brittain, KBE, CMG (24 December 1873 — 9 July 1974) was a British journalist and Conservative politician.

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Hastings Russell, 12th Duke of Bedford

Hastings William Sackville Russell, 12th Duke of Bedford (21 December 1888 – 9 October 1953) was a British peer.

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Hedda Bolgar

Hedda Bolgar (August 19, 1909 May 13, 2013) was a psychoanalyst in Los Angeles, California, who maintained an active practice when she was over 100 years old.

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Hedi Stadlen

Hedi Stadlen (6 January 1916 – 21 January 2004), better known in Sri Lanka as Hedi Keuneman, was an Austrian Jewish philosopher, political activist, and musicologist.

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Hedwig Codex

The Hedwig Codex, also known as the Codex of Lubin (Kodeks lubiński), – info from the exhibition "7 Wonders of Wrocław and Lower Silesia" (2016) is a medieval illuminated manuscript from the mid-14th century which through its sixty-one coloured drawings and inscriptions in "comics' style" tells the life story of saint Hedwig of Silesia, spouse of the Silesian Piast duke Henry the Bearded, her family and events related to her canonization (1267). This art piece, a fine example of Central European Gothic art, is valued especially for its depictions of the Tartar invasion of Europe (Silesia).

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Heim ins Reich

The Heim ins Reich (meaning "back home to the Reich") was a foreign policy pursued by Adolf Hitler during World War II, beginning in 1938.

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Heimatschutz

Heimatschutz is a German word which literally translated means, "homeland protection." The Heimatschutz movement arose in the late 19th century in the wake of the Industrial Revolution, with a focus on nature and landscape conservation as well as the care of historic townscapes, cultural heritage and traditions, folklore, and regional identity.

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Heimito von Doderer

Franz Carl Heimito, Ritter von Doderer; known as Heimito von Doderer (5 September 1896, Weidlingau (now part of, Penzing, the 14th District of Vienna) 23 December 1966, Vienna) was an Austrian writer.

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Heinkel

Heinkel Flugzeugwerke was a German aircraft manufacturing company founded by and named after Ernst Heinkel.

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Heinkel He 112

The Heinkel He 112 is a German fighter aircraft designed by Walter and Siegfried Günter.

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Heinrich Barbl

Heinrich Barbl (born March 3, 1900, Sarleinsbach, Austria; date of death unknown, not before 1965) was an Austrian-born SS-Rottenführer.

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Heinrich Bartels

Heinrich Bartels (born 13 July 1918 in Linz, Austria – killed in action 23 December 1944 near Villip, Southwest of Bonn) was a German fighter pilot in the Luftwaffe and fought during World War II.

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Heinrich Eduard Jacob

Heinrich Eduard Jacob (7 October 1889 – 25 October 1967) was a German and American journalist and author.

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Heinrich Harrer

Heinrich Harrer (6 July 1912 – 7 January 2006) was an Austrian mountaineer, sportsman, geographer, and author.

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Heinrich Himmler

Heinrich Luitpold Himmler (7 October 1900 – 23 May 1945) was Reichsführer of the Schutzstaffel (Protection Squadron; SS), and a leading member of the Nazi Party (NSDAP) of Germany.

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Heinrich Müller (Gestapo)

Heinrich Müller (28 April 1900; date of death unknown, but evidence points to May 1945) was a German police official under both the Weimar Republic and Nazi Germany.

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Heinrich Neumann von Héthárs

Heinrich Neumann von Héthárs (from 1913 to 1919 Heinrich Neumann Ritter von Héthárs; 10 June 1873 Héthárs (Lipany), then Hungary, now Slovakia – 6 November 1939 New York City) was the foremost ear-nose-and-throat doctor in Vienna before World War II.

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Heinrich Schenker

Heinrich Schenker (19 June 1868, Wiśniowczyk – 14 January 1935, Vienna) was a music theorist, music critic, teacher, pianist, and composer, best known for his approach to musical analysis, now usually called Schenkerian analysis.

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Heinrich Strecker

Heinrich Strecker (24 February 1893, Vienna - 28 June 1981, Baden bei Wien) was an Austrian composer of operettas and popular Viennese music.

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Heinrich von Prittwitz und Gaffron

Heinrich von Prittwitz und Gaffron (4 September 1889 – 10 April 1941) was a general officer in the Heer (Army) branch of the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany during World War II.

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Heinz Fischer

Heinz Fischer (born 9 October 1938) is a former Austrian politician.

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Heldenplatz

Heldenplatz (Heroes' Square) is a public space in front of the Hofburg Palace in Vienna, Austria.

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Heldenplatz (play)

Heldenplatz (English: Heroes Square) is a 1988 stage drama by Austrian playwright Thomas Bernhard.

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Helen Adolf

Dr.

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Helene Stöcker

Helene Stöcker (13 November 1869 in Wuppertal – 24 February 1943 in New York City) was a German feminist, pacifist and gender activist.

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Hella Pick

Hella Henrietta Pick CBE (born 24 April 1929) is a British-Austrian journalist of Austrian descent.

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Hellmuth Böhlke

Hellmuth Böhlke (7 February 1893 – 8 April 1956) was a German general in the Wehrmacht of Nazi Germany during World War II who commanded the 334.

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Helmut Dantine

Helmut Dantine (7 October 1918 – 2 May 1982) was an Austrian-born American actor who often played Nazis in thriller films of the 1940s.

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Helmut de Boor

Helmut de Boor (born 24 March 1891 in Bonn, died 4 August 1976 in Berlin) was a German medievalist.

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Helmut Krausnick

Helmut Krausnick (1905–1990) was a German historian and author.

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Helmut Qualtinger

Helmut Qualtinger (alt. sp. Helmuth Qualtinger) (8 October 1928 – 29 September 1986) was an Austrian actor, writer, reciter and cabaret performer.

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Helmuth Brinkmann

Helmuth Brinkmann (12 March 1895 – 26 September 1983) was a Vizeadmiral in the Kriegsmarine during World War II who captained the heavy cruiser.

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Helmuth Groscurth

Helmuth Groscurth (December 16, 1898 – April 7, 1943) was a staff and Abwehr officer in the Wehrmacht and a member of the German resistance.

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Helmuth von Pannwitz

Helmuth von Pannwitz (14 October 1898 – 16 January 1947) was a German general who was a cavalry officer during the First and the Second World Wars.

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Henning von Tresckow

Hermann Henning Karl Robert von Tresckow (10 January 1901 – 21 July 1944) was an officer in the German Army who helped organize German resistance against Adolf Hitler.

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Henry Grunwald (editor)

Henry Anatole Grunwald (December 3, 1922 – February 26, 2005) was an Austrian-born American journalist and diplomat perhaps best known for his position as managing editor of TIME magazine and editor in chief of Time, Inc. In 2001, he was awarded the Austrian Cross of Honour for Science and Art, 1st class.

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Henry Koerner

Henry Koerner (born Heinrich Sieghart Körner; August 28, 1915 – July 4, 1991) was an Austrian-born American painter and graphic designer best known for his early Magical Realist works of the late 1940s and his portrait covers for Time magazine.

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Henry Krips (conductor)

Henry Maria Krips, MBE (10 February 191225 January 1987) was an Austrian-Australian conductor and composer, best known for his 23-year record term (1949–72) as principal conductor of the South Australian Symphony Orchestra (it had been founded in 1936 as the Adelaide Symphony Orchestra and reverted to that name in 1975).

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Henry P. Glass

Henry P. Glass (September 24, 1911 – August 27, 2003) was an American designer, architect, author, and inventor.

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Herbert Furth

Josef Herbert Furth (J. Herbert Furth, October 12, 1899, Vienna, Austria - March 6, 1995, Chevy Chase, Maryland, United States) was Austrian and American jurist and economist.

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Herbert Kappler

Herbert Kappler (23 September 1907 – 9 February 1978) was the head of German police and security services (Sicherheitspolizei and SD) in Rome during the Second World War.

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Herbert Loch

Herbert Loch (5 August 1886 – 28 October 1976) was a German general in the Wehrmacht during World War II who commanded the XXVIII Corps and the 18th Army.

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Herbert Rosenkranz

Herbert Rosenkranz (7 July 1924 in Vienna – 5 September 2003) was a Jewish historian.

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Herbert Zipper

Herbert Zipper (April 24, 1904 in Vienna, Austria – April 21, 1997 in Santa Monica, California) was an internationally renowned composer, conductor, and arts activist.

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Herman Francis Mark

Herman Francis Mark (May 3, 1895, Vienna – April 6, 1992, Austin, Texas) was an Austrian-American chemist regarded for his contributions to the development of polymer science.

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Hermann Blaß

Hermann Blaß (transliterated as Hermann Blass; 1888–1941) was an Austrian film actor and singer.

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Hermann Bondi

Sir Hermann Bondi (1 November 1919 – 10 September 2005) was an Anglo-Austrian mathematician and cosmologist.

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Hermann Broch

Hermann Broch (November 1, 1886 – May 30, 1951) was a 20th-century Austrian writer, considered one of the major Modernists.

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Hermann Buchner (pilot)

Hermann Buchner (30 October 1919 – 1 December 2005) was a former Luftwaffe fighter ace and recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross during World War II.

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Hermann Leopoldi

Hermann Leopoldi (born Hersch Kohn; 15 August 1888 – 28 June 1959) was an Austrian composer and cabaret star who survived Buchenwald.

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Hermann Neubacher

Hermann Neubacher (24 June 1893 – 1 July 1960) was an Austrian Nazi politician who held a number of diplomatic posts in the Third Reich.

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Hermann Senkowsky

Hermann Robert Josef Senkowsky (July 31, 1897 in Scheibbs – April 5, 1965 in Innsbruck) was an Austrian customs officer and SS-Führer.

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Hermine Braunsteiner

Hermine Braunsteiner Ryan (July 16, 1919 – April 19, 1999) was a female camp guard at Ravensbrück and Majdanek concentration camps, and the first Nazi war criminal to be extradited from the United States, to face trial in Germany.

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Hermine Sterler

Hermine Sterler (née Minna Stern; 20 March 1894 Bad Cannstatt, Stuttgart – 25 May 1982 Stuttgart) was a German actress whose career spanned both the silent and the talkie film eras on two continents.

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Hermynia Zur Mühlen

Hermynia Zur Mühlen, or Hermynia zur Mühlen, born as Hermine Isabelle Maria Gräfin Folliot de Crenneville, also Folliot de Crenneville-Poutet (December 12, 1883 – March 20, 1951) was an Austrian writer and translator.

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Herschel Grynszpan

Herschel Feibel Grynszpan (Hermann Grünspan; 28 March 1921 — last rumoured to be alive 1945, declared dead 1960) was a Polish-Jewish refugee, born in Germany.

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Hertha Natzler

Hertha ('Hati') Natzler (1911-1985) was a stage and film actress in Austria during 1928-1936.

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Hertha Pauli

Hertha Pauli (September 4, 1906 – February 9, 1973) was an Austrian journalist, author and actress.

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Hilde Zimmermann

Hilde Zimmermann, born Hilde Wundsam (12 September 1920 – 25 March 2002), was an Austrian who fought in the resistance to Nazism and survived Ravensbrück concentration camp.

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Hindenburg-class airship

The two Hindenburg-class airships were hydrogen-filled, passenger-carrying rigid airships built in Germany in the 1930s and named in honor of Paul von Hindenburg. They were the last such aircraft ever built, and in terms of their length and volume, the largest Zeppelins ever to fly. During the 1930s, airships like the Hindenburg class were widely considered the future of air travel, and the lead ship of the class, LZ 129 ''Hindenburg'', established a regular transatlantic service. The destruction of this same ship in a highly publicized accident was to prove the death knell for these expectations. The second ship, LZ 130 ''Graf Zeppelin'', was never operated on a regular passenger service, and was scrapped in 1940 by the order of Hermann Göring.

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Hirsch Jakob Zimmels

Hirsch Jakob Zimmels (29 December 1900, in Jaworów – 9 November 1974, in London) was a rabbi and historian of Judaism.

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Historical characters in the Southern Victory Series

The Southern Victory Series is a series of alternate history novels written by Harry Turtledove.

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Historiography of World War II

The Historiography of World War II is the study of how historians portray the causes, conduct, and outcomes of World War II.

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History of Albania

The history of Albania forms a part of the history of Europe.

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History of Austria

The history of Austria covers the history of Austria and its predecessor states, from the early Stone Age to the present state.

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History of Czechoslovakia

With the collapse of the Habsburg monarchy at the end of World War I, the independent country of CzechoslovakiaEdited by Keith Sword The Times Guide to Eastern Europe Times Book, 1990 p. 53 (Czech, Slovak: Československo) was formed as a result of the critical intervention of U.S. President Woodrow Wilson, among others.

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History of Gdańsk

Gdańsk (or;; Kashubian: Gduńsk; Danzig) is one of the oldest cities in Poland.

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History of German football

The History of German football is one that has seen many changes.

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History of German foreign policy

The History of German foreign policy covers diplomatic developments and international history since 1871.

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History of Germany

The concept of Germany as a distinct region in central Europe can be traced to Roman commander Julius Caesar, who referred to the unconquered area east of the Rhine as Germania, thus distinguishing it from Gaul (France), which he had conquered.

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History of Hungary

Hungary is a country in Central Europe whose history under this name dates to the Early Middle Ages, when the Pannonian Basin was conquered by the Hungarians (Magyars), a semi-nomadic people who had migrated from Eastern Europe.

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History of Israel

Modern Israel is roughly located on the site of the ancient kingdoms of Israel and Judah.

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History of Italy

In archaic times, ancient Greeks, Etruscans and Celts established settlements in the south, the centre and the north of Italy respectively, while various Italian tribes and Italic peoples inhabited the Italian peninsula and insular Italy.

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History of Liechtenstein

Political identity came to the territory now occupied by the Principality of Liechtenstein in 814, with the formation of the subcountry of Lower Rhætia.

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History of Lithuania

The history of Lithuania dates back to settlements founded many thousands of years ago, but the first written record of the name for the country dates back to 1009 AD.

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History of Poland

The history of Poland has its roots in the migrations of Slavs, who established permanent settlements in the Polish lands during the Early Middle Ages.

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History of Poland (1939–1945)

The history of Poland from 1939 to 1945 encompasses primarily the period from the Invasion of Poland by Nazi Germany to the end of World War II.

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History of Russia

The History of Russia begins with that of the East Slavs.

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History of South Tyrol

Modern-day South Tyrol, an autonomous Italian province created in 1948, was part of the Austro-Hungarian County of Tyrol until 1918 (then known as Deutschsüdtirol and occasionally Mitteltirol).

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History of Switzerland

Since 1848, the Swiss Confederation has been a federal state of relatively autonomous cantons, some of which have a history of confederacy that goes back more than 700 years, putting them among the world's oldest surviving republics.

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History of the FIFA World Cup

The FIFA World Cup was first held in 1930, when FIFA president Jules Rimet decided to stage an international men’s football tournament.

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History of the Germany national football team

The history of the German national football team began in 1908, when Germany played its first international match.

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History of the Jews in Austria

The history of the Jews in Austria probably begins with the exodus of Jews from Judea under Roman occupation.

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History of the Jews in Kiev

The history of the Jews in Kiev stretches from the 10th century CE to the 21st century, and forms part of the history of the Jews in Ukraine.

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History of the Jews in Liechtenstein

The Jewish community of Liechtenstein today is a population of 26 people.

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History of the Jews in Serbia

The history of Jewish community of Serbia goes back about two thousand years.

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History of the Jews in the Philippines

Recorded Jewish history in the Philippines started during the Spanish period.

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History of the Jews in Vienna

The history of the Jews in Vienna, Austria, goes back over eight hundred years.

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History of the Netherlands

The history of the Netherlands is the history of seafaring people thriving on a lowland river delta on the North Sea in northwestern Europe.

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History of the Social Democratic Party of Austria

Socialist and worker's movements and associations had already started to form in Austria by the mid-19th century.

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History of United States diplomatic relations by country

This is a summary history of diplomatic relations of the United States listed by country.

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