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- 1. Body Image and Recall 1 ARTICLE SUMMARY EXAMPLE Your Name Here A study by Tantleff-Dunn and Thompson (1998) examined body image and its impact on recall. The objective of the experiment was to demonstrate biased recall and judgment among individuals with high levels of dispositional body image anxiety towards appearance-related information. It was hypothesized that those with high levels of dispositional body image anxiety would recall more appearance-related information than those who have low body image anxiety. Numerous studies were cited in relation to and support of the study. Being teased about your appearance as a child has been strongly linked to future body image disturbance (Cash, 1995; Cattarin & Thompson, 1994; Heinberg, 1996). Receiving nonverbal feedback has been correlated with body image dissatisfaction, this is also referred to as reflected appraisal theory (Cooley, 1922; Felson, 1985; Mead, 1934). Biased recall of information is emotionally relevant to the individual (Williamson, 1996). NOTE: THE REVIEW OF PAST LITERATURE SHOULD INCLUDE THE LINK BETWEEN THE STUDIES CITED AND THE HYPOTHESIS OF THE STUDY. Method A group of 184 undergraduate students from psychology classes were asked to participate in this experiment in exchange for extra credit points. The participants were randomly selected into each of the study’s conditions. The participants were given a test (Physical Appearance State-Trait Anxiety Scale) prior to the video. This was a self-report inventory that asked the participants to rate how anxious (high/low) they felt about weight related issues and non-weight related issues. High and low body image was measured as a participant independent variable. NOTE: MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE PARTICIPANTS INCLUDING ANY
- 2. Body Image and Recall 2 SALIENT DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES IS NEEDED. EXAMPLE: GENDER, AGE, ETC. The independent, or manipulated, variable was body image anxiety measured by two video conditions. One group watched a 4-minute video in which a conversation took place between a male and a female. The conversation and facial expressions were as neutral as possible. The male in the video made comments in reference to the female’s appearance (i.e., “have you been gaining weight?”) and the female continued in the conversation with a neutral facial expression as if she did not hear the comments. The second group viewed the same video, but without the weight-related comments. Both groups were given 12 minutes to recall information. The dependent variable was type of recall. Recall information was coded as general information, feedback on physical appearance, or emotional responses. Results The results indicate that participants with high body image anxiety had a greater number of emotional responses than those with low body image anxiety when watching the video with weight-related comments. There was a significant difference in type of recall between high and low body image anxiety among participants watching the video with weight-related comments. There was not a significant difference in type of recall among participants with either low or high body image anxiety who watched the video without the weight-related comments. NOTE: MORE DETAIL IS NEEDED ON IN WHICH RECALL CONDITIONS SHOWED A SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCE. Discussion The hypothesis stated that participants with high body image would recall more appearance-related information compared to those with low body image anxiety. Hypothetically
- 3. Body Image and Recall 3 speaking, both high body anxiety groups would show the same result regardless of the video shown. The results of the experiment showed that there was a difference in type of information recalled between high and low body image after watching a video with weight-related comments. On the other hand, the results of the experiment showed that there was not a difference in type of information recalled between high and low body image after watching a video without weight-related comments. NOTE: THE DISCUSSION OF RESULTS NEEDS TO LINK MORE TIGHTLY TO THE HYPOTHESIS AND NOT A SIMPLE RESTATEMENT OF THE RESULTS. ALSO, A DISCUSSION OF HOW THE FINDINGS RELATE TO PAST RESEARCH AND THE AUTHOR’S SUGGESTION FOR FUTURE RESEARCH ARE NEEDED HERE.
- 4. Body Image and Recall 4 References Tantleff-Dunn, S. & Thompson, K. (1998). Body image and appearance related feedback: Recall, judgment, and affective response. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 17(3), 319-340.