Alfonso (Aragón) de Aragón (1157 - 1196)

Born 25 Mar 1157 in Huesca, Huesca, Spain

Ancestors

Husband of Sancha (Castilla) de Aragón — married 18 Jan 1174 in Zaragoza

Descendants

Died 25 Apr 1196 at age 39 in Perpignan, Pyrenees-Orientales, Languedoc-Roussillon, France

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Biography

Name: Alphonso The /Chaste/ Birth date: 1152. Death date: 1196.

Name: Alfonso II 'The Chaste' //

Name: Alfonso II /of ARAGON/

Birth: 25 MAR 1157, Huesca, Huesca, Aragon, Spain Birth date: 1152. Death date: 1196.

Birth: BEF 25 MAR 1157, Huesca, Huesca, Spain

Death: 25 APR 1196, Perpignan, Pyrbenbees Orientales, France

Marriage: BET 18 JAN 1174 AND 1175, Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain

Occupation: King of Aragon and Count of Barcelona

Education: a noted poet

About Ramón Berenguer 'Alfonso el Casto' de Aragón, rey de Aragón Infante don RAMÓN de Aragón (Villamayor del Valle, Huesca 1/25 Mar 1157-Perpignan 25 Apr 1195, bur Poblet, monastery of Nuestra Señora). The "Corónicas" Navarras name (in order) "don Pedro…el rey don Alfonso, que ovo nombre Remón Belenguer et el conte don Pedro de Provença et el conte don Sancho et a la muller del rey don Sancho de Portugal" as the children of the "conte de Barçalona…en esta su muller [dona Peyronela]", stating that the first named Pedro died in Huesca[170]. The Brevi Historia Comitum Provinciæ names "Ildefonsum primogenitum" as son of "Berengarius comes Barchinonæ et Provinciæ, maritus Petronillæ"[171]. He succeeded his father in 1162 as RAMÓN Conde de Barcelona, Girona, Osona, Besalú, Cerdagne/Cerdaña and Roussillon. He founded Teruel 1169-72. He secured the vassalage of Marie Ctss de Béarn 1170. Comte de Roussillon (including the see of Elne) in 1172 on the death of Guinard II Comte de Roussillon without heirs. He succeeded his mother in 1174 as ALFONSO II “el Casto” King of Aragon.

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From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Alfonso II (Aragon) or Alfons I (Provence and Barcelona) (Huesca, 1157[1] – Perpignan, 1196), called the Chaste or the Troubadour, was the King of Aragon and Count of Barcelona from 1162 until his death. He was the son of Ramon Berenguer IV of Barcelona and Petronilla of Aragon and the first King of Aragon who was also Count of Barcelona. He is thus sometimes called, like his successors, especially by Catalan historians, the "count-king". He was also Count of Provence from 1167, when he unchivalrously wrested it from the heiress Douce II, until 1173, when he ceded it to his brother Berenguer. His reign has been characterised by nationalistic and nostalgic Catalan historians, with little following, as l'engrandiment occitànic or "the Pyrenean unity": a great scheme to unite various lands on both sides of the Pyrenees under the rule of the House of Barcelona.[2]

Reign

Born Raymond Berengar (Ramon Berenguer) at Huesca, he ascended the united throne of Aragón and Barcelona as Alfonso, changing his name in deference to the Aragonese, to honour Alfonso I.

For most of his reign he was allied with Alfonso VIII of Castile, both against Navarre and against the Moorish taifa kingdoms of the south. In his Reconquista effort Alfonso pushed as far as Teruel, conquering this important stronghold on the road to Valencia in 1171. The same year saw him capturing Caspe.

Apart from common interests, kings of Aragon and Castile were united by a formal bond of vassalage the former owed to the latter. Besides, on January 18, 1174 in Saragossa Alfonso married Infanta Sancha of Castile, sister of the Castilian king.

Another milestone in this alliance was the Treaty of Cazorla between the two kings in 1179, delineating zones of conquest in the south along the watershed of the rivers Júcar and Segura. Southern areas of Valencia including Denia were thus secured to Aragon.

During his reign Aragonese influence north of the Pyrenees reached its zenith, a natural tendency given the affinity between the Occitan and Catalan dominions of the Crown of Aragon. His realms incorporated not only Provence, but also the counties of Cerdanya and Roussillon (inherited in 1172). Béarn and Bigorre paid homage to him in 1187. Alfonso's involvement in the affairs of Languedoc, which would cost the life of his successor, Peter II of Aragon, for the moment proved highly beneficial, strengthening Aragonese trade and stimulating emigration from the north to colonise the newly reconquered lands in Aragon.

In 1186, he helped establish Catalan influence in Sardinia when he supported his cousin Agalbursa, the widow of the deceased Judge of Arborea, Barison II, in placing her grandson, the child of her eldest daughter Ispella, Hugh, on the throne of Arborea in opposition to Peter of Serra.

Alfonso II provided the first land grant to the Cistercian monks on the banks of the Ebro River in the Aragon region, which would become the site of the first Cistercian monastery in this region. Real Monasterio de Nuestra Senora de Rueda was founded in the year 1202 and utilized some of the first hydrological technology in the region for harnessing water power and river diversion for the purpose of building central heating.

Literary patronage and poetry

He was a noted poet of his time and a close friend of King Richard the Lionheart. One tensó, apparently composed by him and Giraut de Bornelh, forms part of the poetical debate as to whether a lady is dishonoured by taking a lover who is richer than herself. The debate had been begun by Guilhem de Saint-Leidier and was taken up by Azalais de Porcairagues and Raimbaut of Orange; there was also a partimen on the topic between Dalfi d'Alvernha and Perdigon.

Alfonso and his love affairs are mentioned in poems by many troubadours, including Guillem de Berguedà (who criticized his dealings with Azalais of Toulouse) and Peire Vidal, who commended Alfonso's decision to marry Sancha of Castile rather than Eudokia Komnene that he had preferred a poor Castilian maid to the emperor Manuel's golden camel

Alfonso II (Aragon) or Alfons I (Provence and Barcelona) (Huesca, 1157[1] – Perpignan, 1196), called the Chaste or the Troubadour, was the King of Aragon and Count of Barcelona from 1162 until his death. He was the son of Ramon Berenguer IV of Barcelona and Petronilla of Aragon and the first King of Aragon who was also Count of Barcelona. He is thus sometimes called, like his successors, especially by Catalan historians, the "count-king". He was also Count of Provence from 1167, when he unchivalrously wrested it from the heiress Douce II, until 1173, when he ceded it to his brother Berenguer. His reign has been characterised by nationalistic and nostalgic Catalan historians, with little following, as l'engrandiment occitànic or "the Pyrenean unity": a great scheme to unite various lands on both sides of the Pyrenees under the rule of the House of Barcelona.[2]

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfonso_II_of_Aragon

Another milestone in this alliance was the Treaty of Cazorla the two kings in 1179, delineating zones of conquest in the south along the watershed of rivers Júcar and Segura. Southern areas of Valencia including Denia were thus secured to Aragon.

During his reign Catalonian influence north of the Pyrenees reached its zenith. His realms incorporated not only Provence, but also the counties of Cerdanya and Roussillon (inherited in 1172). Béarn and Bigorre paid homage to him in 1187. Alfonso's involvement in the affairs of Languedoc, which would cost the life of his successor, Peter II of Aragon, for the moment proved highly beneficial, strengthening Catalonian trade and stimulating emigration from the north to colonise the newly reconquered lands in Aragon.

In 1186, he helped establish Aragonese influence in Sardinia when he supported his cousin Agalbursa, the widow of the deceased Judge of Arborea, Barison II, in placing her grandson, the child of her eldest daughter Ispella, Hugh, on the throne of Arborea in opposition to Peter of Serra.

Marriage and descendants

Wife, Sancha of Castile, daughter of king Alfonso VII of Castile, b. 1155 or 1157, d. 1208

• Constance, married Emeric of Hungary and later Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor
• Eleanor, married Raymond VI of Toulouse
• Peter the Catholic, successor
• Douce (Dolça), nun
• Alfonso, Count of Provence
• Ferdinand, Abbot of Montearagon, d. after 1227
• Ramon Berenguer, d. in the 1190s
• Sancha of Aragon, married Raymond VII, in March 1211. They had one daughter, Joan, and were divorced in 1241.

Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfons_II_of_Aragon#Marriage_and_descendants

External links

Miroslav Marek, genealogy.euweb.cz

1.^ "Alfonso II el Casto, hijo de Petronila y Ramón Berenguer IV, nació en Huesca en 1157;". Cfr. Josefina Mateu Ibars, María Dolores Mateu Ibars, Colectánea paleográfica de la Corona de Aragon: Siglo IX-XVIII, Universitat Barcelona, 1980, p. 546. ISBN 8475286941, ISBN 9788475286945.

2.^ T. N. Bisson, "The Rise of Catalonia: Identity, Power, and Ideology in a Twelfth-Century Society," Annales: Economies, Sociétés, Civilisations, xxxix (1984), translated in Medieval France and her Pyrenean Neighbours: Studies in Early Institutional History (London: Hambledon, 1989), pp. 179.

Preceded by Petronila King of Aragon

1162-1196 Succeeded by Peter II

Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfonso_II_of_Aragon"

Count of Barcelona from 1162 and king of Aragon from 1164.

The son of Ramón Berenguer IV, Alfonso succeeded his father as count of Barcelona and his mother as ruler of Aragon, thus associating the two countries under the house of Barcelona--a union that was destined to be permanent. Aragonese involvement in France became steadily greater during Alfonso's reign. Nevertheless, the conquest of Teruel (1171) opened the way for the conquest of Valencia; and, in 1179, the pact of Cazorla with his ally, Alfonso VIII of Castile, fixed the future zones of reconquest for the two countries. In his will Alfonso followed the Spanish custom of dividing his kingdom; Provence was thus lost to the Aragonese crown.

Copyright © 1994-2001 Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.

History: Aragon, history of

After the Romans defeated the Carthaginians during the Punic Wars, Aragón became part of the Roman province of Hispania Tarraconensis. The Visigoths conquered the region late in the 5th century, the Moors in the 8th century. Subsequently the region was incorporated with the kingdom of Navarre. In 1035 Ramiro I , a son of the Navarrese ruler Sancho III , established Aragón as an independent kingdom. Navarre was annexed in 1076, and during the next 100 years additional territory was added by successful wars against the Moors. In 1137 Aragón was united with Catalonia and Barcelona. Aragón grew into a leading Mediterranean naval power around the port of Barcelona. The kings of Aragón gained possession of the Balearic Islands, Sicily, Sardinia, and Naples during the next two centuries. In 1238 the important city of Valencia was captured by Aragón from the Moors. The marriage of Ferdinand II of Aragón (later Ferdinand V of Castile) to Isabella I of Castile united those two regions. Formal merger of the two kingdoms took place on the accession of Charles I in 1516, but Aragón retained its own administration and representative institutions until the end of the 17th century. Area, 47,669 sq km (18,405 sq mi).

Sources

• US & British Isle, Joseph Thomas Biographical Dictionary: 1890 Author: Barghouti, Kim,
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfonso_II_of_Aragon