Rulers, Dukes and Princes of Oldenburg

Rulers of Oldenburg

Updated 2019-07-18


The first Oldenburg Rulers from 1100-1481 -   numbered 000-199
Oldenburg-Delmenhorst Rulers from 1440-1667   numbered 200-299
Oldenburg became a duchy under the Danish crown from 1667-1773   see Danish monarchy
Oldenburg-Schleswig-Holsten from 1773-1810   numbered 400-419
Oldenburg was ruled by France 1810-1814
Oldenburg-Schleswig-Holsten from 1814-1918 restored   numbered 420-499

Abbreviations used:
b = brother of, d = daughter of, m = married to (year), s = son of,
gs = grandson of, ggs = great grandson; † = died; ‡ = buried.

No. Ruled Ruler's name and relations
Spouse's name and relations
Holstein and Oldenburg Rulers ca. 1100-1680
A900 ???-??? Walbert = Waltbraht;
gs of Widukind † 807;
s Saxonian Count Wichert = Wigbreht of Wildeshausen;
† after 872;
Founded the city of Oldenburg = Altburg at the Weser river;
Created the see of Wildeshausen 872;
Count of Frisian Leer and Ammerland;

Altburgis; d Count of Leszmen:
children :
1.   Wicberth Bishop of Verden c. 890;
2.   Regimbert (A910) uncertain source [9951];
A910 ???-??? Regimbert;
s (A900); † ;

children :
1.   Diderik (A920);
2.   Wittekind, presumably the founder of the margraves of Montferrat;
3.   Immod = Amadeus, presumably the founder of the Savoyard Duchy;
4.   Regimbert;
A920 - Diderik;
s (A910); † 920;
Count of Ringelheim by Hildesheim;

Reinhildis; d of a Danish family;
children :
1.   Mathilde † 968; m Henry I of Germany;
2.   Otto (A930);
A930 ???-??? Otto of Oldenburg;
s (A920); † ???;
Count of Oldenburg 930;

child :
1.   Otto med Underhornet (A940);
A940 ???-??? Otto med Underhornet;
s (A930); † ???;
Count of Oldenburg 990;

children :
1.   Johan (950);
2.   Conrad; Count of Alvensleben;
A950 ???-??? Johan of Oldenburg;
s (A940); † ???;
Count of Oldenburg 1007 to 1020;

children :
1.   Udo; Bishop of Hildesheim 1074-1114;
2.   Huno; Count of Oldenburg;
     m Guilla; founded monastery Rastedt 1059; they got:
     a) Frederik the Lion Fighter, Count of Oldenburg;
3.   Rixa (A960);
A960 ???-??? Rixa;
s (A950); † ???;

Hayo of Potenburg, Friesland; possibly a descendant of (A910);
child :
1.   Elimar (001);
001 ????-???? Elimar = Egilmar I;
s (A960); † 1108;
Count of Lerigau 1088-1108;
Count of Oldenburg;

Richsa = Richeza; ;
children :
1.   Gertrud;
2.   Elimar II (005);
3.   Johan III of Wildeshausen; who got:
     a) Johan IV of Wildeshausen.

Johan IV was 1169 given Oldenburg by Henry the Lion and was forced to leave the fief when Henry in 1180 was deposed.
Johan IV got two sons: Henry and Burchard who both fell 1233 - warring with the Stedingers;
005 1112-1142 c. Elimar II of Oldenburg = Egilmar II;
s(001); † ca. 1142;
Count of Lerigau;

Eilika von Rietberg;
children :
1.   Christian I (010); † 1167;
2.   Henrik of Oldenburg-Wildeshausen; Count of Brockhausen / Höya; † 1167;
     m Salome of Geldern; † after 1167;
3.   Otto; cleric / canon in Bremen;
4.   Beatrix; m Friedrich of Ampfurt;
5.   Eilika; m Count Henry of Tecklenburg;
010 1142-1167 Christian I of Oldenburg = Christian the Quarrelsome;
s(005); † 1167 / 1169;
Count of Oldenburg from c. 1142;
He was in Italy with Henry the Lion in 1155;

Kunigunde;
children :
1.   Christian I (011);
2.   Moritz I (020);
011 - Christian I of Oldenburg;
s(O-01c); † 1192 or 1196; assassinated;
Count of Oldenburg;
Participated in the 1187 Crusade with Frederik Barbarossa;

no children ;
020 1167-1211 Morits I of Oldenburg = Moritz;
s(010); † 1218; died in a monastery;

Salome Countess of Wickerode;
children :
1.   Christian II (030);
1.   Otto I (040);
3.   Hedevig; m Count Hildebold of Rohden / Winstrop; they got:
     a) Hildebold, Archbishop of Bremen;
4.   Kunigunde; m Count Giselbert of Bronckhorst; they got:
     a) Giselbert, Archbishop of Bremen;
5.   Oda; m Rudolf of Stotel;
6.   Salome; abbess in Bassum:
030 1211-1251 Christian II of Oldenburg;
s(020); † 1251;
Count of Oldenburg from 1211 together with brother (040);

Agnes of Altens;
children :
1.   Otto; abbot in Bremen;
2.   Johan I (050);
040 1211-1262 Otto I of Oldenburg;
s (020); † ;
Count of Oldenburg from 1211 together with brother (030);

Mechtild of Woldenberg;
children :
1.   Henry; † c. 1256;
2.   Salome; m Count Gerbert of Stotel;
050 1251-1272 Johan I = Johann I;
s (030); † 1272;
Count of Oldenburg from 1251;
Count of Delmenhorst;

Richeza of Hoya; also seen under name Anna; d Count Gerhard of Hoya;
children :
1.   Christian III (060);
2.   Henry; † c. 1256;
3.   Moritz; canon in Bremen; † 1288;
4.   Otto II of Oldenburg-Delmenhorst; † 1304;
Delmenhorst line not followed here;
5.   Hedwig; m Count Ekbert of Bentheim;
060 1272-1278 Christian III of Oldenburg;
s(050); † 1285;
Count of Oldenburg from 1272;

Hedwig of Oldenburg; m(1);
Jutta of Bentheim; m(2);
children :
1.   Johan II (070); † 1314 / 1315;
2.   Otto, Archbishop of Bremen;
070 1278-1305 Johan II of Oldenburg;
s(060); † 1314 / 1315;
Count of Oldenburg from 1278;

Elisabeth of Braunschweig-Lüneburg; † 1294 to 1298; m(1); d Duke Johann I of Lüneburg;
Johann II m(2) Hedwig, Countess of Diepholz;
children :
1.   Christian IV; † c. 1334; he got:
     a) Jutta, prioress in Blankenburg;
2.   Johann III (080);
3.   Konrad I (090);
4.   Moritz; † 1368 killed in battle;
5.   Gisela; m Count Gerhard II of Hoya;
080 1301-1344 Johan III den Milde = John the Mild;
s(070); † 1344;
Count of Oldenburg from 1301 or 1305;

Mechtild of Bronckhorst;
children :
1.   Johan;
2.   Otto; lived 1345;
3.   William; lived 1367;
4.   Christian; † 1368 killed in battle;
090 1344-1368 Conrad I of Oldenburg = Konrad I;
s(070); † 1367 or 1368; killed in battle at the war against the Budjadinges / Rustrunges;
Some sources have Konrad as son of (080), others of (070);
Count of Oldenburg;

Ingeborg of Holsten; d Gerhard IV of Holstein-Plön;
children :
1.   Conrad II (100); † 1386;
2.   Gerhard; killed in battle 1368;
3.   Christian V (120);
4.   Agnes; m Count Ludolph of Wunstorf;
100 1368-1386 Conrad II of Oldenburg = Konrad II;
s(090); † 1386;
Count of Oldenburg from 1368;
Gained the area Varel = Frisian Wede in 1386;

Kunigunde;
children :
1.   Johann; lived 1386;
2.   Morits IV (110);
3.   Jutta; became an abbess;
4.   Kunigunde; m Count Johann of Diepholz;
110 1386-1420 Morits II of Oldenburg = Moritz II;
s (100); † 1420;
Count of Oldenburg from 1386;

Elisabeth of Braunschweig-Lüneburg; † 1420; d Duke Magnus of Braunschweig (Brauns. W244);
children :
1.   Johann; lived 1402;
2.   Anna; † 1458; m Count Otto of Waldeck;
3.   Ingeborg = Ingelburg; † 1431; m Otto thon Brock of Aurich, Ostfriesland;
120 1398-1423 Christian V of Oldenburg;
s(090);
Cleric in Cologne;
Count of Oldenburg from 1398 or 1420;

Agnes; d Count Henrik of Hohenstein;
children :
1.   Diderik den Lykkelige (130); † 1444;
2.   Christian, Canon in Cologne; † 1421; unmarried;
130 1423-1440 Didrik den Lykkelige af Oldenburg = Dietrich;
s (120); * c. 1398; † 14/2 1444;
Count of Oldenburg from 1423;
Count of Delmenhorst;

Adelheid † 1404; m(1) d Count Otto V of Oldenburg-Delmenhorst; no children;

Hedvig; * c. 1398; † 1436; m(2); 1423 d Gerhard VI of Schleswig-Holstein (R-04);
Her m(1) was to Balthasar of Werle & Güstrow;
children in m(2) :
1.   Christian I of Denmark (140);
     = Duke Christian IV / VIII of Oldenburg (140); † 1481;
2.   Moritz, cleric in Cologne and Bremen; † 1464; he got:
     a) Jacob; * 24/8 1463; † 1483 or 1484; Count of Delmenhorst;
     b) Hedwig, became a nun;
     c) Adelheid, became a nun;
3.   Adelheid; m Count Ernst von Hohenstein;
4.   Gerhard (200); * 1409; † 1500;
140 1448-1481 Christian IV of Oldenborg = King Christian I of Denmark;
s(O-13); * 1426; † 1481;
King of Denmark;
Count of Oldenborg and Delmenhorst from 1448 as Christian IV;
Duke of Schleswig-Holstein from 1460 as Christian VIII;

Dorothea of Brandenburg; * 1431; † 10/11 1495; ‡ Roskilde Cathedral; m 28/10 1449; her m(2),
   after being widowed 5/1 1448 after Christoffer III of Bavaria (Denm.128);
children :
1.   Olaf; 1450-1451;
2.   Knud; 1451-1451;
3.   Hans ( Konger 130); 1455-1513;
4.   Margrethe; 1456-1487; m James III of Scotland 1468;
     Orkney & Shetland Islands given as security for her dowry;
5.   Frederik I (132); * 7/10 1471; † 1535.

Oldenburg-Delmenhorst Rulers from King Christian I to 1667
200 1483-1500 Gerhard of Oldenburg = Gerhard den Stridbare;
s(130); * 1430; abdicated his posts 1483; † 22/2 1500;
Count of Delmenhorst from 1440;
Count of Oldenburg from 1440;
Regent in Schleswig-Holstein 1466-1470;
Adelheid of Tecklenburg; * c. 1453; † 2/3 1477; m 1453;
children :
  1.   Gerhard; * 1454; † 1470;
  2.   Dietrich; * c. 1456; † 1463;
  3.   Adolf (210);
  4.   Christian; * 1459; † 27/5 1492;
  5.   Johann XIV (220);
  6.   Otto; Cleric in Bremen and Cologne; † 17/2 1500 killed in battle;
  7.   Elisabeth; * 1468; † 12/9 1505;
  8.   Anna; * 1469; † 26/9 1505;
  9.   Irmgard;
     m Hero Ommeken;
10.   Hedwig; † 22/2 1502;
     m 1498 Edo Wimken of Jever † 19/4 1511;
11.   Adelheid; † 1513;
     m 1503 Dietrich of Plesse † 1543;
210 1483-1500 Adolf of Oldenburg-Delmenhorst;
s(200); * 1458; † 17/2 1500; killed in battle against Ditmarsken;
Count of Oldenburg-Delmenhorst from 1483;
220 1500-1526 Johann XIV of Oldenburg-Delmenhorst;
s(200); * 1460; † 10/2 1526;
Count of Oldenburg-Delmenhorst from 1500;

Anna of Anhalt; † 10/10 1531;
children :
1.   Johann XV (230);
2.   Georg (240);
3.   Christoffer (250);
4.   Anton I (260);
5   Anna; * 14/11 1501; † 10/11 1575;
     m 6/3 1530 Count Enno II of Ostfriesland 1505-1560;
230 1526-1548 Johann XV of Oldenburg-Delmenhorst;
s(220); * 21/7 1500; † 16/1 1548;
Count of Oldenburg-Delmenhorst from 1526 to 1529 or 1548, sources disagree;
240 1526-1551 Georg of Oldenburg-Delmenhorst;
s(220); * 1503; † 21/1 1551;
Count of Oldenburg-Delmenhorst from 1526;
250 1526-1566 Christoffer of Oldenburg-Delmenhorst;
s(220); * 1504; † 4/8 1566;
Count of Oldenburg-Delmenhorst from 1526;
Greven fra Grevens Fejde 1534-1536;
Canon in Bremen and Cologne;
260 1566-1573 Anton I of Oldenburg-Delmenhorst;
s(220); * 1505; † 22/01 1573;
Count of Oldenburg from 1529;
Count of Delmenhorst from 1547 or 1566; sources disagree;

Sofie of Sachsen-Lauenburg; † 13/05 1571; m 01/01 1537;
   d Duke Magnus I of Sachsen-Lauenburg (Tysk.SR-090); *01/01 1470; † 01/08 1543;
children :
1.   Katharina; * 08/08 1538; † 01/02 1620;
     m 1561 Count Albrecht II of Hoya, 1526-1563;
2.   Anna; * 03/04 1539; † 25/08 1579;
     m 16/02 1566 Count Johann Günther I of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen, 1532-1586;
3.   Johann XVI (270); * 09/09 1540; † 12/11 1603;
4.   Christian; * 07/11 1544; † 06/08 1570; canon in Cologne;
5.   Klara; * 01/11 1547; † 30/05 1598;
3.   Anton II (280); * 08/09 1570; † 25/10 1619;
270 1573-1603 Johann XVI of Oldenburg-Delmenhorst;
s(260); * 09/09 1540; † 12/11 1603;
Count of Oldenburg-Delmenhorst from 1573;
Count of Delmenhorst from 1573 to 1577 - transferred to brother Anton (280);
Inherited Jever 1573;
Elisabeth of Schwarzburg; * 13/04 1541; † 26/12 1612; d Count Günther of Schwarzburg;
children :
1.   Johann Friedrich; * 1578; † 1580;
2.   Anna Sofie; * 23/12 1579; † 10/6 1639;
3.   Marie Elisabeth; * 26/06 15(1; † 03/08 1619;
4.   Katharine; * 20/09 1582; † 19/02 1644;
     m 1633 Duke August of Saxe-Lauenburg (Oldenb.270-4); * 17/02 1577; † 18/01 1656;
5.   Anton Günther (290); * 01/11 1583; † 19/06 1667;
6.   Magdalene; * 06/10 1585; † 14/04 1657;
     m 1612 Prince Rudolf of Anhalt-Zerbst † 1621;
280 1573-1577 Anton II of Oldenburg-Delmenhorst;
s(260); * 8/9 1550; † 25/10 1619;
Count of Oldenburg from 1573 to 1577;
Count of Delmenhorst from 1577 to 1619;

Sibylle Elisabeth of Braunschweig-Dannenberg; * 4/6 1576; † 9/7 1630; m 1600; d Duke Henry of Brauns.-Celle; † 19/01 1598;
children :
1.   Sofie Ursula; * 10/12 1601; † 15/5 1642;
     m 17/3 1633 Count Albrecht Friedrich of Barby, 1597-1641;
2.   Katharine Elisabeth; * 22/1 1603; † 11/9 1649; abbess in Gandersheim;
3.   Anton Henrik, Count of Delmenhorst; * 8/2 1604; † 1/9 1622;
4.   Anna; * 28/3 1605; † 12/12 1668;
     m 1634 Duke Johann Christian of Holstein-Franzhagen, 1597-1653;
5.   Klara; * 19/4 1606; † 19/1 1647;
     m 15/1 1645 Duke August Philip of Holstein-Beck, 1612-1675;
6.   Sibylle Marie; * 18/10 1608; † 14/9 1640; became a nun;
7.   Dorothea; * 13/12 1609; † 5/3 1636;
8.   Sidonie; * 10/6 1611; † 1/1 1650;
     m 1/6 1649 Duke August Philip of Holstein-Beck, 1612-1675;
9.   Christian IX, Count of Delmenhorst; * 26/9 1612; † 23/5 1647;
10.   Emilie; * 15/6 1614; † 4/12 1670;
     m 4/2 1638 Count Ludwig Günther I Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt, 1581-1646;
11.   Juliane; * 2/7 1615; † 16/5 1691;
     m 30/10 1652 Duke Manfred of Württemberg-Weiltingen, 1626-1662;
290 = (006) 1603-1667 Anton Günther;
s(270); * 1/11 1583; † 19/6 1667;
Count of Oldenburg from 1603;
Count of Delmenhorst from 1647;

illegitimate child by Elisabeth of Ungnad :
1.   Anton, Count of Aldenburg and Kniphausen; * 1631; † 1680 / 1681;
     m(1) 1659 Countess Auguste Johanna of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Hohenstein, 1638-1666;
     m(2) 1680 Charlotte Amalie de la Tremoille, 1652-1732;

Sophie Katharina of Slesvig-Holstein; * 28/6 1617; † 22/11 1696; m 1635;
 

The male line extinct and the title and area went to the Danish King Frederik III and Duke Christian Albrecht of Holstein-Gottorp from 1667 to 1773;

Oldenburg Rulers from 1773-1810
Holsten
A-09
- Christian August;
s(Holsten A-06); * 11/1 1673; † 24/4 1726;
Prince-Bishop of Lübeck from 1705;
Administrator of Holstein-Gottorp during (A-08)'s infancy 1702-1717;

Margravine Albertine Friederike of Baden-Durlach; † 1795; m 3/9 1704; d Frederick V of Baden-Durlach
other children see Holsten :

6.   Augustus = Friedrich August (400); * 20/9 1711; † 6/7 1785;
12.   Georg Ludwig; * 16/3 1719; † 7/9 1763;
     m 1/1 1750 Princess Sophia, 1722-1763; d Duke Frederick Wilhelm II of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg/Glückborg-Beck;
     they got:
     a) Friedrich; * 20/7 1751; † 10/8 1752;
     b) Wilhelm; * 18/1 1753, † 14/7 1774;
     c) Peter Frederik Ludvig (420); * 17/1 1755; † 21/5 1829;
400 1773-1785 Frederick August I;
s(Holsten A-09); * 20/9 1711; † 6/7 1785;
Bishop of Lübeck from 1750;
Duke of Holstein-Gottorp Duke of Oldenburg and Delmenhorst from 1773; ceded him by the czar of Russia
Duke of Gottorp from 1777;

Ulrika Frederike Wilhelmine; * 31/10 1722; † 28/2 1787; m 21/11 1752; d Landgraf Maximilian von Hessen-Kassel;
children :
1.   Peter Frederik Wilhelm (410); * 3/1 1754; † 2/7 1823;
2.   Luise; * 2/10 1756; † 31/7 1759;
3.   Hedwig; * 1759; † 1818; mentally ill;
     m 1774 Karl XIII of Sweden (Sw050);
410 = 008 1785-1810
1815-1823
Wilhelm = William = Peter Frederik Wilhelm;
s(400); * 3/1 1754; † 2/7 1823; mentally ill
Duke of Oldenburg from 1785 to 1810 and from 1815 to 1823;
no children;
Oldenburg-Schleswig-Holsten from 1814-1918 restored
420 1823-1829 Peter I Frederick Ludwig;
s(Holsten A-09-12) = George Ludwig; * 17/1 1755; † 21/5 1829;
Bishop of Lübeck from 1785 (Hol. A-09-12-c);
Duke of Oldenburg from 1823;
Prince of Lübeck from 1803;
Head of Administration during illness of (410) - since 1785;

Friederike of Württemberg, Duchess; * 27/7 1765; † 24/11 1785;
children :
1.   Poul Frederik August (430); * 13/7 1783; † 27/2 1853;
2.   Peter Frederik Georg; * 9/5 1784; † 27/12 1812;
     m 3/8 1809 Grandduchess Katharina, 21/5 1788; † 9/1 1819, d Emperor Paul of Russia; they got:
     a) Friederich Paul Alexander; * 30/8 1810; † 16/11 1829;
     b) Konstantin Frederik Peter, * 26/8 1812; † 14/5 1881;
       m 23/4 1837 Princess Therese of Nassau, † 1871; and got 8 children;
3.   Son, stillborn * 1785;
430 1829-1853 Augustus = Paul Friederich August;
s(420); * 13/7 1783; † 27/2 1853;
Grand Duke of Oldenburg from 1829;

Princess Adelheid of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg; * 23/2 1800; m(1) 1817; † 13/9 1820;
children :
1.   Amalie; * 1818;
     m 1836 King Otto I of Greece, 1815-1867;
2.   Friederike; * 1820; † 1891;
     m 1855 Maximilian of Washington, 1829-1903;

Princess Ida of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg; sister to first wife; * 10/3 1804; m(2) 24/6 1825; † 31/3 1828;
child :
3.   Nikolaus Frederik Peter II (440); * 7/8 1827; † 13/6 1900;

Cecilie; * 22/6 1807; m(3) 5/5 1831; † 27/1 1844;
d King GustavIV Adolf of Sweden;
children :
4.   Alexander Friedrich Gustav; * 16/6 1834; † 6/6 1835;
5.   Nikolaus Friedrich August; * 15/2 1836; † 30/4 1837;
6.   Anthon Günther Frederik Elimar; * 23/1 1844; † 17/10 1895;
     m 9/11 1876 Countess Nathalie Vogel of Friesenhof Welsburg, * 1854; † 1937;
     no children mentioned;
440 1853-1900 Peter II = Nikolaus Friedrich Peter II;
s(430); * 7/8 1827; † 13/6 1900;
Grand Duke of Oldenburg from 1853;

Princess Elizabeth of Saxony-Altenburg; * 26/3 1826; † 2/2 1896; m 10/2 1852;
   d Duke Joseph Georg Friedrich Ernst Karl of Sachsen-Altenburg (Tysk.SA-060);
children :
1.   Frederik August (450); * 16/11 1852; † 24/2 1931;
2.   Georg Ludvig; * 27/6 1855; † 30/11 1939;
450 1900-1918 Frederick Augustus II;
s(440); * 16/11 1852; † 24/2 1931;
Duke of Oldenburg from 1900;
Renounced job 11/11 1918;

Princess Elizabeth of Prussia; * 8/2 1857; † 28/8 1895 or 1896; m(1) 18/2 1878;
children :
1.   Sophie Charlotte * 2/2 1879; † 29/3 1964;
     m(1) 1906-1926 Prince Eitel Friedrich of Prussia, 1883-1942;
     m(2) 1927 Harald von Hedemann, 1887-1951;
2.   Margareta; * 13/10 1881; † 20/2 1882;

Duchess Elizabeth of Mecklenburg-Schwerin; * 10/8 1869; † 3/9 1955; m(2) 24/10 1896;
3.   Nicolaus Friedrich Wilhelm; * 10/8 1897; † 3/4 1977;
     m(1) 26/10 1921 Princess Helene of Waldeck & Pyrmont, 1899-1948;
     m(2) 20/9 1950 Anna-Marie von Schutzbar, 1903-1991;
4.   Friedrich August; * 1900; † 1900;
5.   Alexandrine; * 1900; † 1900;
6.   Ingeborg Alix; * 20/7 1901; † 10/1 1996;
     m 4/6 1921 Prince Stephan of Schaumburg-Lippe, 1891-1965;
7.   Altburg Marie Mathilde Olga; * 19/5 1903; † 2001;
     m 25/8 1922 Prince Josias of Waldeck and Pyrmont, 1896-1967;



Opdateret 2019-07-18 og igen 2021-05-15.
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