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Ludwig von Seltz Charles II, Elector Palatine Elizabeth Charlotte, Madame Palatine Frederick of the Palatinate Raugrave Charles Louis Raugravine Caroline Elisabeth Raugravine Louise Raugrave Louis Raugravine Amalia Elisabeth Raugrave George Louis Raugravine Frederica Raugrave Frederick William Raugrave Charles Edward Raugravine Sophie Raugrave Charles Maurice Raugrave Charles August Raugrave Charles Casimir Charles Louis von der Pfalz
After living the first half of his life in exile during the German Thirty Years' War and the English Civil War, in 1649 Charles Louis reclaimed his father's title of Elector Palatine, along with most of his former territories.[2]
Charles Louis and his younger brother Rupert spent much of the 1630s at the court of his maternal uncle, Charles I of England, hoping to enlist British support for his cause. Despite support from his mother's officials Curtius and Nethersole,[4] the young Elector Palatine had limited success. He led an army of voluntaries from Britain (led by William Lord Craven) and the Palatinate (in alliance with Swedish forces under the command of the Scot Lieutenant General James King) at the Battle of Vlotho Bridge on 17 October 1638.[5] Lord Craven, Prince Rupert and Colonel William Vavasour were captured after a rash charge by Prince Rupert (who tried to blame King). It is clear from the correspondence in the Swedish archives that King had managed to extract Charles Louis and his forces from the field and had them under his protection in Minden throughout October and November, a matter that caused much consternation to Field Marshal Banier who sowed rumours about King preferring the Elector's to Swedish service. This was something King forcefully rejected, although he did seek instruction as to how to deal with Charles Louis and his army.[6] Thereafter after Charles Louis retired first to The Hague, and then to Britain. In November 1641, Charles Louis sat in the Scottish Parliament and secured the right to 10,000 Scottish Covenanter soldiers who were to follow him to Germany.[7] Unfortunately the Irish Rebellion broke out and these forces were diverted to Ireland to protect the Protestant community there.
Charles Louis afterwards became gradually estranged from the King, who feared that Charles Louis might become a focus for opposition forces in England. Indeed, in the English crisis leading up to the outbreak of the English Civil War, Charles Louis had considerable sympathy for the parliamentary leaders, especially the Earl of Essex, feeling them more likely to come to the aid of the Palatinate on the continent. The Prince Palatine supported the execution of Strafford. Although Charles Louis was involved in the early stages of the Civil War with his uncle, he was mistrusted for his parliamentary sympathies, and soon returned to his mother in The Hague. There he distanced himself from the royalist (Cavalier) cause in the Civil War, fearing that Charles would sell him out for Spanish support.
In 1644, Charles Louis returned to England at the invitation of Parliament. He took up residence in the Palace of Whitehall and took the Solemn League and Covenant, even though his brothers, Rupert and Maurice, were Royalist generals. Contemporaries (including King Charles) and some in subsequent generations believed that Charles Louis's motive in visiting Roundhead London was that he hoped that Parliament would enthrone him in place of his uncle. Charles Louis's endorsement of the Parliamentary party was a cause of enmity between uncle and nephew, and when a captive Charles I met his nephew once again in 1647, the elder Charles accused the Prince of angling for the English throne.[citation needed] Charles Louis was still in England in October 1648 when the Peace of Westphalia restored the Lower Palatinate to him[8] (the Upper Palatinate, to his great disappointment, remained under the Elector of Bavaria). He remained in England long enough to see the execution of his uncle in January 1649, which appears to have come as a shock. The two had not reconciled prior to the King's death – Charles refused to see his nephew before his execution.
Electorate
After this unhappy dénouement to Charles Louis's participation in English politics, he at last returned to the now devastated Electorate of the Palatinate in the autumn of 1649. Over the more than thirty years of his reign there, he strove with some success to rebuild his shattered territory. In foreign affairs, he pursued a pro-French course, marrying his daughter Elizabeth Charlotte to Philip I, Duke of Orléans,[1]Louis XIV's brother, in 1671. After his restoration, his relations with his relatives continued to deteriorate – his British relations never forgave him for his course in the Civil War, while his mother and siblings resented his parsimony.
The most notable facet of his reign was probably his unilateral divorce of his wife, Charlotte of Hesse-Kassel, and subsequent marriage to Marie Luise von Degenfeld. This second wife was given the unique title of Raugravine (Raugräfin, countess of uninhabited or uncultivated lands), and their children were known as the Raugraves.
^ Großkopf, Gertrud (1987). "Wilhelm Curtius. Lebensspuren eines kurpfälzischen Adeligen aus Bensheim im Dienst der englischen Krone" [William Curtius. The path of a Palatine nobleman, from Bensheim to the service of the English Crown]. In Historischer Verein für Hessen (ed.). Archive für hessische Geschichte und Altertumskunde (in German). Vol. Neue Folge 45. Band 1987. ISSN 0066-636X.
^Queen Elizabeth (Consort of Frederick King of Bohemia) (2011) [1636], Akkerman, Nadine (ed.), The Correspondence of Elizabeth Stuart, Queen of Bohemia, Oxford: Oxford University Press, p. 139, ISBN978-0-19-955108-8
^Steve Murdoch and Alexia Grosjean, Alexander Leslie and the Scottish Generals of the Thirty Years' War, 1618-1648 (London, 2014), pp.89-91
^Rikskanslern Axel Oxenstiernas skrifter och brefvexling, second series vol. 9 (Stockholm 1898), pp.934-939. Two letters, both James King to Oxenstierna and the Swedish Government, November 1638
^ abHuberty, Michel; Giraud, Alain; Magdelaine, F. and B. (1985). L'Allemagne Dynastique, Tome IV. France: Laballery. pp. 196–197, 223–224, 269–270, 302–304. ISBN2-901138-04-7.
charles, louis, elector, palatine, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar,. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Charles I Louis Elector Palatine news newspapers books scholar JSTOR April 2017 Learn how and when to remove this template message Charles Louis Elector Palatine German Karl I Ludwig 22 December 1617 28 August 1680 was the second son of Frederick V of the Palatinate the Winter King of Bohemia and of Elizabeth Stuart Queen of Bohemia and sister of Charles I of England Charles I Louis Elector PalatinePortrait by Sir Anthony van Dyck c 1641Elector PalatineReign24 October 1648 28 August 1680PredecessorMaximilian ISuccessorCharles IIBorn 1617 12 22 22 December 1617Heidelberg Holy Roman EmpireDied28 August 1680 1680 08 28 aged 62 near Edingen Holy Roman EmpireSpouseCharlotte of Hesse KasselMarie Luise von DegenfeldElisabeth Hollander von BernauIssueLudwig von SeltzCharles II Elector PalatineElizabeth Charlotte Madame PalatineFrederick of the PalatinateRaugrave Charles Louis Raugravine Caroline ElisabethRaugravine LouiseRaugrave LouisRaugravine Amalia Elisabeth Raugrave George LouisRaugravine FredericaRaugrave Frederick William Raugrave Charles EdwardRaugravine SophieRaugrave Charles Maurice Raugrave Charles August Raugrave Charles CasimirCharles Louis von der PfalzHousePalatine SimmernFatherFrederick V Elector Palatine 1 MotherElizabeth Stuart 1 ReligionCalvinismAfter living the first half of his life in exile during the German Thirty Years War and the English Civil War in 1649 Charles Louis reclaimed his father s title of Elector Palatine along with most of his former territories 2 Contents 1 Stuart and British politics 2 Electorate 3 Ancestry 4 Family 5 Notes 6 References 7 External linksStuart and British politics Edit Charles Louis with his teacher Volrad von Plesse de painting by Jan Lievens 1631 Charles Louis was baptised in March 1618 in the presence of the Prince of Sedan and Albertus Morton who was the representative of the Prince of Wales 3 On the death of his exiled father in 1632 Charles Louis inherited his father s possessions in the Electorate of the Palatinate His older brother Henry Frederick had died in the Netherlands in 1629 Charles Louis and his younger brother Rupert spent much of the 1630s at the court of his maternal uncle Charles I of England hoping to enlist British support for his cause Despite support from his mother s officials Curtius and Nethersole 4 the young Elector Palatine had limited success He led an army of voluntaries from Britain led by William Lord Craven and the Palatinate in alliance with Swedish forces under the command of the Scot Lieutenant General James King at the Battle of Vlotho Bridge on 17 October 1638 5 Lord Craven Prince Rupert and Colonel William Vavasour were captured after a rash charge by Prince Rupert who tried to blame King It is clear from the correspondence in the Swedish archives that King had managed to extract Charles Louis and his forces from the field and had them under his protection in Minden throughout October and November a matter that caused much consternation to Field Marshal Banier who sowed rumours about King preferring the Elector s to Swedish service This was something King forcefully rejected although he did seek instruction as to how to deal with Charles Louis and his army 6 Thereafter after Charles Louis retired first to The Hague and then to Britain In November 1641 Charles Louis sat in the Scottish Parliament and secured the right to 10 000 Scottish Covenanter soldiers who were to follow him to Germany 7 Unfortunately the Irish Rebellion broke out and these forces were diverted to Ireland to protect the Protestant community there Charles Louis afterwards became gradually estranged from the King who feared that Charles Louis might become a focus for opposition forces in England Indeed in the English crisis leading up to the outbreak of the English Civil War Charles Louis had considerable sympathy for the parliamentary leaders especially the Earl of Essex feeling them more likely to come to the aid of the Palatinate on the continent The Prince Palatine supported the execution of Strafford Although Charles Louis was involved in the early stages of the Civil War with his uncle he was mistrusted for his parliamentary sympathies and soon returned to his mother in The Hague There he distanced himself from the royalist Cavalier cause in the Civil War fearing that Charles would sell him out for Spanish support Engraving of Charles I LouisIn 1644 Charles Louis returned to England at the invitation of Parliament He took up residence in the Palace of Whitehall and took the Solemn League and Covenant even though his brothers Rupert and Maurice were Royalist generals Contemporaries including King Charles and some in subsequent generations believed that Charles Louis s motive in visiting Roundhead London was that he hoped that Parliament would enthrone him in place of his uncle Charles Louis s endorsement of the Parliamentary party was a cause of enmity between uncle and nephew and when a captive Charles I met his nephew once again in 1647 the elder Charles accused the Prince of angling for the English throne citation needed Charles Louis was still in England in October 1648 when the Peace of Westphalia restored the Lower Palatinate to him 8 the Upper Palatinate to his great disappointment remained under the Elector of Bavaria He remained in England long enough to see the execution of his uncle in January 1649 which appears to have come as a shock The two had not reconciled prior to the King s death Charles refused to see his nephew before his execution Electorate EditAfter this unhappy denouement to Charles Louis s participation in English politics he at last returned to the now devastated Electorate of the Palatinate in the autumn of 1649 Over the more than thirty years of his reign there he strove with some success to rebuild his shattered territory In foreign affairs he pursued a pro French course marrying his daughter Elizabeth Charlotte to Philip I Duke of Orleans 1 Louis XIV s brother in 1671 After his restoration his relations with his relatives continued to deteriorate his British relations never forgave him for his course in the Civil War while his mother and siblings resented his parsimony The most notable facet of his reign was probably his unilateral divorce of his wife Charlotte of Hesse Kassel and subsequent marriage to Marie Luise von Degenfeld This second wife was given the unique title of Raugravine Raugrafin countess of uninhabited or uncultivated lands and their children were known as the Raugraves Ancestry EditAncestors of Charles I Louis Elector Palatine8 Louis VI Elector Palatine4 Frederick IV Elector Palatine 8 9 Elisabeth of Hesse2 Frederick V Elector Palatine 8 9 10 William I Prince of Orange 8 5 Louise Juliana von Orange Nassau 8 11 Charlotte de Bourbon Montpensier1 Charles I Louis Elector Palatine12 Henry Stuart Lord Darnley6 James I of England 1 13 Mary Queen of Scots3 Elizabeth Stuart 1 9 14 Frederick II of Denmark7 Anne of Denmark 1 15 Sofie of Mecklenburg SchwerinFamily EditLover UnknownChildren Ludwig von Seltz 1643 1660 Wife 1 Charlotte of Hesse Kassel 9 20 November 1627 16 March 1686 KasselMarried 22 February 1650 KasselChildren Charles II Elector Palatine 10 31 March 1651 26 May 1685 Elizabeth Charlotte Princess of the Palatinate 11 27 May 1652 Heidelberg 8 December 1722 Friedrich 12 May 1653 13 May 1653 Wife 2 Marie Luise von Degenfeld 9 28 November 1634 18 March 1677 StrasbourgMorganatically Married 6 January 1658 SchwetzingenChildren 9 Karl Ludwig von der Pfalz 15 October 1658 12 August 1688 Karoline von der Pfalz 19 November 1659 28 June 1696 married Meinhardt Schomberg 3rd Duke of Schomberg Louise von der Pfalz 25 January 1661 6 February 1733 Ludwig von der Pfalz 19 February 1662 7 April 1662 Amalie Elisabeth von der Pfalz 1 April 1663 13 July 1709 George Ludwig von der Pfalz 30 March 1664 20 July 1665 Frederike von der Pfalz 7 July 1665 7 August 1674 Friedrich Wilhelm von der Pfalz 25 November 1666 29 July 1667 Karl Eduard von der Pfalz 19 May 1668 2 January 1690 Sophie von der Pfalz 19 July 1669 28 November 1669 Karl Moritz von der Pfalz 9 January 1671 13 June 1702 Karl August von der Pfalz 19 October 1672 20 September 1691 Karl Kasimir von der Pfalz 1 May 1675 28 April 1691 Wife 3 Elisabeth Hollander von Bernau 12 1659 8 March 1702 SchaffhausenMorganatically Married 11 December 1679 Schloss FriedrichsburgChildren Charles Louis von der Pfalz born 17 April 1681 Schaffhausen 12 Notes Edit a b c d e f Chisholm 1911a p 286 Grosskopf Gertrud 1987 Wilhelm Curtius Lebensspuren eines kurpfalzischen Adeligen aus Bensheim im Dienst der englischen Krone William Curtius The path of a Palatine nobleman from Bensheim to the service of the English Crown In Historischer Verein fur Hessen ed Archive fur hessische Geschichte und Altertumskunde in German Vol Neue Folge 45 Band 1987 ISSN 0066 636X HMC 75 Downshire vol 6 London 1995 pp 397 no 863 398 no 866 Queen Elizabeth Consort of Frederick King of Bohemia 2011 1636 Akkerman Nadine ed The Correspondence of Elizabeth Stuart Queen of Bohemia Oxford Oxford University Press p 139 ISBN 978 0 19 955108 8 Steve Murdoch and Alexia Grosjean Alexander Leslie and the Scottish Generals of the Thirty Years War 1618 1648 London 2014 pp 89 91 Rikskanslern Axel Oxenstiernas skrifter och brefvexling second series vol 9 Stockholm 1898 pp 934 939 Two letters both James King to Oxenstierna and the Swedish Government November 1638 Murdoch and Grosjean Alexander Leslie p 118 a b c d e Chisholm 1911b p 59 a b c d e Fuchs Peter 1977 Karl I Ludwig www deutsche biographie de in German Neue Deutsche Biographie 11 pp 246 249 Retrieved 23 May 2022 cites Morby 1989 p 141 cites Louda amp MacLagan 1999 table 68 a b Huberty Michel Giraud Alain Magdelaine F and B 1985 L Allemagne Dynastique Tome IV France Laballery pp 196 197 223 224 269 270 302 304 ISBN 2 901138 04 7 References EditChisholm Hugh ed 1911a Elizabeth daughter of James I Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 9 11th ed Cambridge University Press p 286 Chisholm Hugh ed 1911b Frederick V Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol 11 11th ed Cambridge University Press p 59 Louda Jiri MacLagan Michael 1999 Lines of Succession Heraldry of the Royal Families of Europe 2nd ed London Little Brown and Company Morby John 1989 Dynasties of the World a chronological and genealogical handbook Oxford University Press ISBN 978 0 19 215872 7 External links Edit Media related to Charles I Louis Elector Palatine at Wikimedia CommonsCharles I Louis Elector PalatineHouse of Palatinate SimmernCadet branch of the House of WittelsbachBorn 22 September 1617 Died 28 August 1680Regnal titlesPreceded byFrederick V Elector Palatine1648 1632 1680 Succeeded byCharles II Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Charles I Louis Elector Palatine amp oldid 1158309872, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,