House of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Hanover)
In the 1635 redivision of the territories of the House of Welf after the death of Frederick Ulrich of Brunswick-Lüneburg, George received the Principality of Calenberg, which included the former Principality of Göttingen since 1495, while his elder brother Augustus retained the Principality of Lüneburg. George was the first duke to move his residence to Hanover.
Dukes of Brunswick-Lüneburg (Celle)
1636-1708
Frederick IV (1574–1648) Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Prince of Lüneburg
- Frederick IV (1574–1648) Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Prince of Lüneburg from 1636, son of William VI “the Younger” (1535 – 1592) Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Prince of Lüneburg.
Christian Louis (1622 – 1665) Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Prince of Calenberg and Prince of Lüneburg
- Christian Louis (1622 – 1665) Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Prince of Calenberg and Prince of Lüneburg from 1648, eldest son of George (1582 –1641) Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Prince of Calenberg. Married Sophia Dorothea (1636 – 1689) daughter of Philipp, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg.
George William (1624 – 1705) Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Prince of Lüneburg
- George William (1624 – 1705) Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Prince of Calenberg from 1648 to 1665 Prince of Lüneburg from 1665 to 1705, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg from 1689 to 1705, second son of George (1582 –1641) Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Prince of Calenberg. Knight of the Garter. Married morganatically later declared valid in 1676 Éléonore Marie Desmier d'Olbreuse (1639 – 1722) created Countess of Wilhelmsburg in 1674 then Duchess of Brunswick-Lüneburg in 1676, daughter of Alexandre Desmier d'Olbreuse.
George I Louis (1660 – 1727) Elector-designate of Hanover
- George I Louis (1660 – 1727) Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg , Prince of Calenberg and Elector-designate of Hanover from 1698, Prince of Lüneburg from 1705, Elector of Hanover from 1708 and King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 1714 (as George I) , son of Ernst Augustus (1629–1698) Knight of the Garter. Married Sophia Dorothea of Celle (1666 – 1726) daughter of George William (1624 – 1705) Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg.
Dukes of Brunswick-Lüneburg-Calenberg
1636-1708
George (1582 –1641) Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Prince of Calenberg
- George (1582 –1641) Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Prince of Calenberg from 1635. Married Anne Eleonore of Hesse-Darmstadt (1601 – 1659) daughter of Louis V, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt.
- Christian Louis (1622 – 1665) Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Prince of Calenberg and Prince of Lüneburg from 1648, eldest son of George (1582 –1641) Married Sophia Dorothea (1636 – 1689) daughter of Philipp, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg. See above
John Frederick (1625 –1679) Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Prince of Calenberg
- John Frederick (1625 –1679) Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Prince of Calenberg from 1665, third son of son of George (1582 –1641) Married Benedicta Henrietta of the Palatinate (1652 – 1730) daughter of Edward, Count Palatine of Simmern. Converted to Catholicism from Lutheranism and his daughter Wilhelmina Amalia (1673 –1742) married Joseph I, Holy Roman Emperor.
Ernst Augustus (1629–1698) Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Prince of Calenberg and Administrator of the Prince-Bishopric of Osnabrück
Ernst Augustus (1629–1698) Elector-designate of Hanover
- Ernst Augustus (1629–1698) Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Prince of Calenberg from 1679 and Administrator of the Prince-Bishopric of Osnabrück. Also Elector-designate of Hanover from 1692, fourth son of George (1582 –1641) In 1683 Ernest Augustus instituted primogeniture, so that his territory would not be further subdivided after his death, and also as a pre-condition for obtaining the electorship. Married Sophia of the Palatinate (1630 – 1714) daughter of Frederick V, Elector Palatine and King of Bohemia and Princess Elizabeth Stuart of Englad, Scotland and Ireland.
George I Louis (1660 – 1727) Elector-designate of Hanover
George I Louis (1660 – 1727) Elector of Hanover
- George I Louis (1660 – 1727) Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Prince of Calenberg and Elector-designate of Hanover from 1698, Prince of Lüneburg from 1705, Elector of Hanover from 1708 and King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 1714 (as George I), son of Ernst Augustus (1629–1698) Knight of the Garter. Revived the Order of the Bath in 1725. Married Sophia Dorothea of Celle (1666 – 1726) daughter of George William (1624 – 1705) Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg.
Maximilian William (1666 –1726) Duke of Hanover-Brunswick and Lüneburg
- Maximilian William (1666 –1726) Duke of Hanover-Brunswick and Lüneburg, Imperial Field Marshal. Knight of the Golden Fleece, third son of Ernst Augustus (1629–1698) Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg. Converted to Catholicism from Lutheranism and thus forfeited all rights to the British throne and the Prince-Bishopric of Osnabrück.
Electors of Hanover
1708-1814
George I (1660 – 1727) King of Great Britain and Ireland
- George I Louis (1660 – 1727) Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Prince of Calenberg and Elector-designate of Hanover from 1698, Prince of Lüneburg from 1705, Elector of Hanover from 1708 and King of Great Britain and Ireland from 1714 (as George I) , son of Ernst Augustus (1629–1698). See above
George II Augustus (1683 – 1760) Elector of Hanover and King of Great Britain and Ireland (as George II)
- George II Augustus (1683 – 1760) Elector of Hanover and King of Great Britain and Ireland (as George II). Married Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach (1683 – 1737) daughter of John Frederick, Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach.
George III William Frederick (1738 – 1820) Elector of Hanover and King of Great Britain and Ireland from 1760 to 1801
George III William Frederick (1738 – 1820) Elector of Hanover and King of Great Britain and Ireland from 1801 to 1816
George III William Frederick (1738 – 1820) Elector of Hanover and King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 1816 until 1820
- George III William Frederick (1738 – 1820) Elector of Hanover and King of Great Britain and Ireland (as George III), King of the United Kingdom in 1801 and King of Hanover in 1814. Married Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (1744 – 1818) daughter of Charles Louis Frederick, Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, Prince of Mirow.
Kings of Hanover
1814-1866
Annexed to Prussia
George IV (1762 – 1830) King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and King of Hanover
- George IV (1762 – 1830) King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and King of Hanover, Founder and Grandmaster of the Royal Guelphic Order in 1815. Married Caroline of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (1768 – 1821) daughter of Charles William, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel.
William I (1765 – 1837) King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (as William IV) and King of Hanover
- William I (1765 – 1837) Duke of Clarence, then King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and King of Hanover. Knight of the Garter. Knight of the Thistle. Knight of St. Patrick. Grandmaster of the Royal Guelphic Order. Married Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen (1792 –1849) daughter of George I, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen.
Ernest Augustus I (1771 –1851) King of Hanover
- Ernest Augustus I (1771 –1851) King of Hanover and 1st Duke of Cumberland and Teviotdale, Knight of the Garter. Knight of the Thistle. Knight of St. Patrick. Grandmaster of the Royal Guelphic Order. Founder and Grandmaster of the Order of St. George in 1839. Married Frederica of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (1778 – 1841) daughter of Charles II, Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz.
George V (1819 –1878) King of Hanover
- George V (1819 –1878) King of Hanover until 1866 and 2nd Duke of Cumberland and Teviotdale, Knight of the Garter. Grandmaster of the Royal Guelphic Order. Grandmaster of the Order of St. George. Founder and Grandmaster of the Order of Ernst August in 1865. Married Princess Marie of Saxe-Altenburg (1818 – 1907) daughter of Joseph, Duke of Saxe-Altenburg.
Ernst August (II) (1845 – 1923) Crown Prince of Hanover
- Ernst August (II) (1845 – 1923) Crown Prince of Hanover, Heir of Brunswick, 3rd Duke of Cumberland and Teviotdale. Grandmaster of the Royal Guelphic Order. Grandmaster of the Order of St. George. Grandmaster of the Order of Ernst August. Married Princess Thyra of Denmark (1853 – 1933) was daughter of Christian IX, King of Denmark.
Dukes of Brunswick
1913-1918
Ernest Augustus III (1887 – 1953) Prince of Hanover and Duke of Brunswick
- Ernest Augustus III (1887 – 1953) Prince of Hanover, 4th Duke of Cumberland and Teviotdale, Duke of Brunswick from 1913 to 1918, son of Ernst August (1845 – 1923) Married Princess Victoria Louise of Prussia (1892 – 1980) daughter of Wilhelm II, German Emperor. See Wolfenbuttel.
Prince-Bishops of Osnabrück
1662-1802
By the Peace of Westphalia in 1648, the bishop succeeded in preventing the secularisation of the see, as contemplated by the Swedes. Nevertheless, it was stipulated that henceforth a Catholic and a Protestant bishop (of the Augsburg Confession) would alternately hold the see. During the those periods of rule by a Protestant bishop, always chosen from the ducal House of Brunswick-Lüneburg, the spiritual care of the Catholics was committed to the Archbishop of Cologne.
- Ernst Augustus (1629–1698) Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Prince of Calenberg from 1679 and Administrator of the Prince-Bishopric of Osnabrück from 1662 to 1698, also Elector-designate of Hanover from 1692, fourth son of George (1582 –1641). See above.
Ernest Augustus (1674 –1728) Duke of York and Albany, Prince-Bishopric of Osnabrück
- Ernest Augustus (1674 –1728) Duke of York and Albany, Prince-Bishopric of Osnabrück from 1715, Knight of the Garter, sixth son of Ernst Augustus (1629–1698) Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg.
Frederick (1763 – 1827) Duke of York and Albany, Prince-Bishopric of Osnabrück
- Frederick (1763 – 1827) Duke of York and Albany, Prince-Bishopric of Osnabrück from 1764 to 1802, Knight of the Garter, Knight of the Royal Guelphic Order, Knight of the Bath, second son of King George III of the United Kingdom. Married Princess Frederica Charlotte of Prussia (1767 – 1820) daughter of Frederick William II, King of Prussia.