James (Hamilton) Hamilton First Earl of Arran (abt.1475-abt.1529) | WikiTree FREE Family Tree
James (Hamilton) Hamilton First Earl of Arran
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James (Hamilton) Hamilton First Earl of Arran (abt. 1475 - abt. 1529)

Born about in Cadzow, Scotlandmap
Ancestors ancestors
Husband of — married before 28 Apr 1490 in Scotlandmap
Husband of — married before 23 Nov 1516 in Scotlandmap
Descendants descendants
Died about at about age 54 in Kinneil, Scotlandmap
Profile last modified | Created 24 May 2011
This page has been accessed 27,710 times.
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Contents

Biography

Preceded by
None
1st Earl of Arran
11 Aug 1503 - 26 Mar 1529
Succeeded by
James Hamilton
James (Hamilton) Hamilton First Earl of Arran is a member of Clan Hamilton.
Notables Project
James (Hamilton) Hamilton First Earl of Arran is Notable.

Family and Early Life

James Hamilton, 2nd Lord Hamilton, was the son and heir of James Hamilton, 6th Lord of Cadzow and 1st Lord Hamilton, and his wife Mary Stewart, daughter of King James II of Scotland and his queen-consort, Maria Egmond-Gelre of Guelder.[1][2] The exact date of his birth is unknown but thought to have been in 1475, as he was about four years old when his father died on 6 November 1479.[3][4]

His name first appeared in records when, at the age of six, he had sasine from the crown of the barony of Hamilton and half of Crawfordjohn.[3] On 1 August 1489 (when he was approximately 14 years old) in an elaborate ceremony King James IV appointed him sheriff of Lanark, an office which had previously been held by his father.[3][5] By 1495 he had also received sasine of Corsbaskat, Machanshire, Cormunnock, and Finnart.[6]

He seemed to enjoy a close relationship with his cousin, James IV, who in 1502 sent him to Denmark to arrange the release of Queen Christina of that country, who was being held hostage by Swedish forces.[3] These efforts were successful, and the following year he was part of a delegation of Scottish nobles sent to England to finalize marriage negotiations between James IV and Margaret Tudor, eldest daughter of Henry VII.[7] James Hamilton's signature appears on the document confirming Margaret's dower.[8] He was present at Holyrood on 8 August 1503 when the king and Margaret Tudor were wed and apparently outshone most of the other dignitaries in attendance, wearing clothes of white brocade embroidered with gold which had been a gift to him from the king.[9]

The wedding of James IV and Margaret Tudor was celebrated with, among other entertainments, a great tournament in which Hamilton distinguished himself by achieving a tie for first place with Sir Anthony D'Arcy de la Bastie, a famous French knight considered one of the most formidable fighters in the kingdom.[7]

Elevation to Earldom

On the day of the royal wedding, James Hamilton was elevated to the title of Earl of Arran,[3] although the charter actually granting the earldom to him was not made until three days later (on 11 August 1503).[10] The reasons cited by the king for granting Hamilton this honor were "(because) of his nearness of blood, his services, and especially his labors and expenses at the time of the royal marriage at Holyrood."[10]

Political Activities

In the summer of 1513 the earl of Arran was placed in command of the Scottish fleet (said to be the largest ever assembled), with instructions to sail to the coast of France and intercept Admiral Lord Thomas Howard before he could reach (invade) Scotland.[7][11] Unfortunately, whether from bad weather or lack of navigational skills, the fleet sailed north instead of south and ended up launching an attack on Carrickfergus, an English stronghold in Ulster.[7][5] Afterward, the ships returned to Ayr for reprovisioning and remained there for forty days before continuing on to France.[7] Unfortunately, by the time the fleet reached its destination in late September 1513 the Battle of Flodden had already been fought and lost, and James IV had forfeited his life there. Arran's mission was a complete failure, and by the time he returned to Scotland the queen dowager, Margaret Tudor, had married Archibald Douglas, 6th earl of Angus.[7][5] This was the beginning of a conflict between the Douglases and the Hamiltons that greatly shaped the remainder of Arran's career, and recurred frequently over the next several generations.

By the terms of James IV's will, when his queen remarried she was no longer to be guardian of his two young sons.[5] The council gave that responsibility to John Stewart, 6th duke of Albany, who was the next heir to the throne (after James IV's sons). When Alexander, the youngest boy, died in 1516, Albany became second in the line of succession, and Arran became third in line for the throne of Scotland.[5] Albany, however, had many interests in France and returned there in 1517 for a period of almost four years. He appointed a council of regency to govern Scotland during his absence, and this council selected Arran as their president and the temporary governor of Scotland.[7][5] In 1519 an outbreak of smallpox caused Arran to move the young king from Edinburgh to the safer environment of Dalkeith and, when he returned, he found that the Douglases (led by Angus) had shut the gates of the city against him. There followed a bloody street fight known later as Cleanse the Causeway.[12] Arran was forced to retreat from Edinburgh but regained control there the following year.[5]

In 1524 Albany declared that, at the age of 12, the young king's minority was ended and the boy was publicly invested with the crown and sceptre of Scotland.[5] Because Albany continued to spend most of his time in France and various factions were emerging amongst the nobility arguing about who should control James V (and therefore control Scotland) until the boy actually reached adulthood, parliament compromised by declaring that the king would be cared for on a rotating basis, always jointly by a nobleman and an ecclesiastic, each for a three month period. The four noblemen selected were Angus, Arran, Lennox, and Argyll.[5] Trouble arose when, at the end of the first three months, Angus (desirous of ensuring the Douglases kept control of the government) and the Archbishop of Glasgow refused to deliver the king to Arran and the Bishop of Aberdeen.[7][5]

Political manoeuvring and skirmishes between Angus and Arran were commonplace in the following years. Arran was, however, able to remain fairly close to James V and in May 1528 became one of his chief advisors and lord of his council, regularly witnessing royal charters.[5] In September of that year, when the Douglases were declared guilty of treason and their lands were forfeited, Arran received the lordship of Bothwell which had previously been held by Angus.[5]

Marriages and Children

James Hamilton married (first) Elizabeth Home, a daughter of Alexander Home, 2nd Lord Home, and Nichole Ker.[13][14][1] [see research notes] The date of their marriage is unknown, but must have been before 28 April 1490 when Elizabeth is referred to as his spouse in a crown charter giving them both the lands of Kinneil, "to be held in conjunct fee, and to the heirs lawfully born between them."[14] As Elizabeth's parents could not have been married any earlier than 30 May 1476 (the date when her father divorced his first wife, Isobel Douglas), she could have been no older than thirteen at the time of this marriage.[14] James Hamilton would have been about fifteen years of age.

On 9 November 1504 the court granted a divorce to the earl of Arran on the grounds that his wife, Elizabeth, had been married (first) to Thomas Hay, eldest son and heir of John, Lord Hay of Yester, and that Thomas Hay had still been living at the time of her (second) marriage to the earl of Arran.[15][1] Hay had been traveling abroad and presumed dead but returned to Scotland sometime after Elizabeth's marriage to Hamilton.[14] Considering her youth when she married Hamilton, the marriage to Hay must have been arranged by her parents when she was a very young child, and never consummated. Thomas Hay died before the divorce was actually granted,[14] and there is evidence that James Hamilton and Elizabeth Home continued living together as man and wife until a second decree of divorce was granted on 11 March 1509,[16] making theirs a marriage of twenty years. There were no known children from this marriage. Despite their divorce, Elizabeth retained the title of Lady Hamilton until her death in 1544.[13]

James Hamilton married (second) before 23 November 1516 Janet Beaton, daughter of David Beaton, 1st Lord Creich, and Comptroller of Scotland; and widow of Robert Livingston of Easter Wemyss and Drumry (who was killed at Flodden 9 September 1513).[1][17][18][19] Janet predeceased her second husband in 1522.[17] There were two sons and one daughter from this marriage:

James Hamilton, 1st earl of Arran, had at least thirteen natural children:

Death

James Hamilton, earl of Arran, wrote his will on 26 March 1529,[24] making his eldest natural son, Sir James Hamilton of Finnart, his executor and the tutor for his heir (who was still a minor).[5] He died shortly thereafter, certainly by 31 March when Finnart was granted wardship of the earldom, and was buried at the collegiate church at Hamilton in Lanarkshire.[5]

Research Notes

James Hamilton's Wives
  • Some sources claim that Hamilton's first wife was actually Beatrix Drummond, the daughter of John, 1st Lord Drummond.[39][7] Balfour Paul disputes this for two reasons: 1) A letter dated 17 December 1542 to Henry VIII from Viscount Lisle and Bishop Tunstall of Durham states that governor Arran was next heir to the throne after the infant queen, that his father's first wife was still living (Beatrix died some years before this date but Elizabeth lived until 1544), and that he was born of his father's second wife, Janet Beaton, cousin of the Cardinal;[14] and 2) John Knox, writing in 1566, stated that the earl's first wife was Elizabeth Home, from whom he has divorced, and that the governor was a son of his second marriage.[14] A marriage earlier than 1490 would not have been likely, considering that Hamilton was only about 15 years of age at that time. It is more probable that Beatrix Drummond had a longlasting relationship with Hamilton as his mistress, since she is claimed as the mother of his natural daughter, Margaret, and on 11 May 1496 (during the time of Hamilton's marriage to Elizabeth Home) Beatrix Drummond was granted the baronies of Hamilton--specifically Machanshire, Curmannock, and Drumsargard, to herself and the male children "born between her and Lord Hamilton."[40] The mother of Hamilton's eldest natural son, James Hamilton of Finnart (and possibly also the mother of his daughter Anne[41]and several other sons), is thought to have been Marion Boyd of Bonshaw.[21][5] It is unknown exactly how many mistresses the 1st earl of Arran had, or who the mothers of all of his natural children were. Regarding Hamilton's divorce after so many years from Elizabeth Home, some historians have speculated that the true reason may have been because they were childless.[5] Although Hamilton had fathered many illegitimate children and the king had legitimized one of his natural sons and two of his natural brothers,[42] the pressure on him to produce a legitimate heir must have been intense since, through his mother (in the event of a failure of the male line), he was a possible heir to the throne of Scotland.

DNA

For a discussion of DNA information regarding this family please go here.

Sources

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 Douglas Richardson. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed. Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author, 2013), vol. 3, p. 324 HOUSTON 15. James Hamilton.
  2. Douglas Richardson. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 4 vols, ed. Kimball G. Everingham, 2nd ed. (Salt Lake City: the author, 2011),Volume 2, page 403, HOUSTON 12. James Hamilton.
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Paul, James Balfour. The Scots Peerage : founded on Wood's ed. of Sir Robert Douglas's Peerage of Scotland; containing an historical and genealogical account of the nobility of that kingdom, Edinburgh: David Douglas, 1907, Vol. IV, Archive.org, p. 355.
  4. Cokayne, George Edward. The Complete Peerage. London: George Bell and Sons (1892), vol. 4, p. 140.
  5. 5.00 5.01 5.02 5.03 5.04 5.05 5.06 5.07 5.08 5.09 5.10 5.11 5.12 5.13 5.14 5.15 Greig, Elaine Finnie. Hamilton, James, first earl of Arran. Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (23 Sep 2004), available online by subscription.
  6. Hamilton Report, 19, cited in Paul, Sir James Balfour. The Scots Peerage. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1904), vol. 4, p. 355.
  7. 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 7.8 Henderson, Thomas Finlayson. Hamilton, James (1477?-1529). Dictionary of National Biography, vol. 24.
  8. Cal. Docs. iv, no. 1736, cited in Henderson, Thomas Finlayson. Hamilton, James (1477?-1529).
  9. Treasurer's Accounts, ii., 306, cited in Paul, Sir James Balfour. The Scots Peerage. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1904), vol. 4, p. 355.
  10. 10.0 10.1 Historic MSS Commission. Manuscripts of the Duke of Hamilton. London: Eyre and Spottiswoode (1887), p. 20. , no. 25, Creation of earldom of Arran.
  11. Paul, James Balfour. The Scots Peerage : founded on Wood's ed. of Sir Robert Douglas's Peerage of Scotland; containing an historical and genealogical account of the nobility of that kingdom, Edinburgh: David Douglas, 1907, Vol. IV, Archive.org, p. 356.
  12. Anderson, John. Historical and Genealogical Memoirs of the House of Hamilton. Edinburgh: by the author (1825), p. 72.
  13. 13.0 13.1 Paul, Sir James Balfour. The Scots Peerage. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1907), vol. 4, p. 454.
  14. 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 14.5 14.6 Paul, James Balfour. The Scots Peerage : founded on Wood's ed. of Sir Robert Douglas's Peerage of Scotland; containing an historical and genealogical account of the nobility of that kingdom, Edinburgh: David Douglas, 1907, Vol. IV, Archive.org, pp. 358-360.
  15. Miscellany of the Maitland Club. The Hamilton Papers. Glasgow: W. Eadie & Co. (1847), vol. 4,pt1, p. 199, no. 180.
  16. Historic MSS Commission. Manuscripts of the Duke of Hamilton. London: Eyre and Spottiswoode (1887), pp. 49-51. Hamilton's decree of divorce from Elizabeth Home.
  17. 17.0 17.1 17.2 17.3 Paul, Sir James Balfour. The Scots Peerage. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1907), vol. 4, p. 360.
  18. Historic MSS Commission. Manuscripts of the Duke of Hamilton. London: Eyre and Spottiswoode (1887), pp.51-52. Marriage banns Hamilton-Beaton.
  19. Miscellany of the Maitland Club. The Hamilton Papers. Glasgow: W. Eadie & Co. (1847), vol. 4,pt1, p. 199, no, 181
  20. Douglas Richardson. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols, ed. Kimball G. Everingham (Salt Lake City: the author, 2013), vol. 3, pp. 324-326 HOUSTON 16. James Hamilton.
  21. 21.0 21.1 21.2 21.3 Paul, James Balfour. The Scots Peerage : founded on Wood's ed. of Sir Robert Douglas's Peerage of Scotland; containing an historical and genealogical account of the nobility of that kingdom, Edinburgh: David Douglas, 1909, Vol. VI, Archive.org, p. 361.
  22. Anderson, John. Historical and Genealogical Memoirs of the House of Hamilton. Edinburgh: by the author (1825), p. 117.
  23. Twelfth Rep. Hist. MSS. Com., App. viii.157,158, cited in Paul, Sir James Balfour. The Scots Peerage. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1907), vol. 4, p. 360.
  24. 24.0 24.1 24.2 24.3 Historic MSS Commission. Manuscripts of the Duke of Hamilton. London: Eyre and Spottiswoode (1887), pp.52-53. Will of James Hamilton, 1st earl of Arran.
  25. 25.0 25.1 Paul, James Balfour. The Scots Peerage : founded on Wood's ed. of Sir Robert Douglas's Peerage of Scotland; containing an historical and genealogical account of the nobility of that kingdom, Edinburgh: David Douglas, 1907, Vol. IV, Archive.org, p. 362.
  26. Reg. Mag. Sig., 12 Feb 1531-32; Twelfth Rep. Hist. MSS. Com., App. 162, both cited in Paul, Sir James Balfour. The Scots Peerage. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1904), vol. 4, p. 363.
  27. P.C. Reg.,I. 193,248, cited in Paul, Sir James Balfour. The Scots Peerage. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1904), vol. 4, p. 363.
  28. Acta Dom. Conc. et Sess., xxvii. f. 5, cited in Paul, Sir James Balfour. The Scots Peerage. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1907), vol. 4, p. 363.
  29. 29.0 29.1 29.2 Paul, Sir James Balfour. The Scots Peerage. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1907), vol. 4, p. 363.
  30. WikiVisually. List of the Bishops of Argyll.
  31. 31.0 31.1 Paul, Sir James Balfour. The Scots Peerage. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1904), vol. 8, p. 18.
  32. 32.0 32.1 32.2 Paul, Sir James Balfour. The Scots Peerage. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1904), vol. 4, p. 364.
  33. Paul, Sir James Balfour. The Scots Peerage. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1904), vol, 6, pp. 511-12.
  34. Reg. of Deeds, xi. f. 326, cited in Paul, Sir James Balfour. The Scots Peerage. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1904), vol. 4, p. 365.
  35. Reg. of Deeds, i. f. 383; iv. f. 314; vi. f. 444, cited in Paul, Sir James Balfour. The Scots Peerage. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1904), vol. 4, p. 365.
  36. Paul, Sir James Balfour. The Scots Peerage. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1904), vol. 8, pp. 20-21.
  37. Historical MSS Commission. Manuscripts of the Duke of Hamilton. London: Eyre and Spottiswoode (1887}, p. 53, no. 109 Marriage Contract: Elizabeth Hamilton and Robert Sempill.
  38. 38.0 38.1 Paul, Sir James Balfour. The Scots Peerage. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1904), vol. 4, p. 365.
  39. Anderson, John. Historical and Genealogical Memoirs of the House of Hamilton. Edinburgh: by the author (1825), p. 81.
  40. Paul, Sir James Balfour. The Scots Peerage. Edinburgh: D. Douglas (1907), vol. 4, pl 364.
  41. Anderson, John. Historical and Genealogical Memoirs of the House of Hamilton. Edinburgh: by the author (1825), pp. 84-85.
  42. Historic MSS Commission. Manuscripts of the Duke of Hamilton. London: Eyre and Spottiswoode (1887), p. 20., no. 27 Letters of Legitimation by James IV.

See also:

  • Hamilton, George, A History of the House of Hamilton, Edinburgh: J Skinner & Co., 1933, p. 11
  • Lesley, J. The Historie of Scotland. Edinburgh: Bannatyne Club (1830), p. 38.
  • Moncreiffe, Sir Iain of that Ilk. The Highland Clans. New York: Clarkson N Potter, Inc. (rev. 1982), pp. 99-102.
  • Richardson, Douglas. Magna Carta Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 4 vols., ed. Kimball G. Everingham. 2nd edition. Salt Lake City, UT: the author, 2011. See also WikiTree's source page for Magna Carta Ancestry.
  • Richardson, Douglas. Royal Ancestry: A Study in Colonial and Medieval Families, 5 vols., ed. Kimball G. Everingham. Salt Lake City, UT: the author, 2013. See also WikiTree's source page for Royal Ancestry
  • Wood, Walter. East Neuk of Fife. Edinburgh: Thomas and Archibald Constable (1887), p. 123. (Janet Beaton m. James Hamilton)

Acknowledgements

Click the Changes tab to see edits to this profile. Thank you to everyone who contributed to this profile.

Magna Carta Project

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This profile is in a trail badged by the Magna Carta Project.
This profile was revised by Jen Hutton in October 2020 and approved for the Magna Carta Project by Michael Cayley on 26 October 2020.
James Hamilton appears in Magna Carta Ancestry in badged Richardson-documented trails from Gateway Ancestor Patrick Houston to Magna Carta Surety Barons Gilbert de Clare, Richard de Clare and Robert de Vere. The trail is set out in the Magna Carta Trails section of the Gateway's profile.
See Base Camp for more information about identified Magna Carta trails and their status. See the project's glossary for project-specific terms, such as a "badged trail".




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Comments: 12

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I am going to be updating this profile on behalf of the Scotland Project and the Magna Carta Project. If anyone knows of additional information and sources which should be included, please message me or post here. Thanks,

Jen

posted by Jen (Stevens) Hutton
This profile is in a Richardson-documented trail between Gateway Ancestor Patrick Houston and Magna Carta surety barons Richard de Clare and Gilbert de Clare that needs development by the Magna Carta Project. I will soon be adding the project as co-manager of this profile and will add a project box and project section to the biography. This profile still needs to be developed against the project's checklist. Thanks!
posted by Traci Thiessen
[deleted]
As for the confusion concerning the Hamilton Y-DNA and the Douglas Y-DNA.

In one instance of the Douglas Y-DNA: Y-DNA I-L338 for all of Walter Hamilton of Darngaber's male line? Possibly. (my early Great-grandfather, on my grandMother's side) Y-DNA is possibly I-Y6635 per Descendent of Walter Hamilton of Darngaber, (potentially one of my FTDNA matches). BOTH I-L338 (also known as I1a2a1a1a) and related I-Y6635 (also known as I1a3a1a1a1, Parent Branch: I-Y6624) are of Haplogroup I-M253 also known as I1 (a Y chromosome haplogroup). I-L338 is a well-known Haplogroup of the Douglases.

Walter Hamilton of Darngaber BIRTH 1392 • Cadzow, Lanarkshire, Scotland, DEATH 20 MAY 1441 • Trabzon, Trabzon, Turkey and his descendants were descended from the Douglases and not the Hamiltons.

Sources:

http://dgmweb.net/DNA/Thompson/ThompsonDNA-results.html

https://www.familytreedna.com/public/Douglas?iframe=yresults

http://www.yseq.net/product_info.php?products_id=21060

https://haplogroup.org/ystory/i-y6635/

http://www.personal.psu.edu/faculty/g/a/gah4/HamDNA/B1.pdf

(And it is not unreasonable to, at least, consider the uncle of Walter Hamilton (of Darngarber, not "of Cadzow") and John Hamilton of Fingalton as not being Hamiltons either as their Y-DNA has been compared. Assumptions to the contrary are very risky.)

posted by [deleted]
edited by [deleted]
[deleted]
Please do not merge with other James Hamilton
posted on Hamilton-23455 (merged) by [deleted]
we are 8th cousins 13 times removed.connection thurstan holand.this makes me blood cousins to him and his wife.
Please add to categories Forsyth de Fronsac Fraud and Charles Henry Browning Fraud
posted by Sunny (Trimbee) Clark
Hamilton-7026 and Hamilton-1215 do not represent the same person because: Arran is son. Of Hamilton who is 6 lord cadzow
Husband of Elizabeth Home — married 1490 to 1506 [marriage location?]

Husband of Elizabeth Home — married 1501 in Home, , Berwick, Scotlandmap Husband of Janet Beaton — married November 23, 1516 in , , Isle Arran, Scotland

posted by [Living Pictet]
James Hamilton of Torrance does not appear to be a son of James Hamilton First Earl of Aran.

James Hamilton of Torrance had a daughter Marion, no clue to his wife yet. This father should be removed. The son James of the Earl of Arran married Elizabeth Lindsay/Home and Beatrix Drummond and did not have a child Marion.

posted by [Living Geleick]
The proposed merge with (Hamilton-6411) is a mentor merge with a new member, he may need advice or help.
posted by [Living Geleick]
Removed his mother as she should be his wife, the date of birth is incorrect and unsourced. If you need help with this please ask me or Terry the other Profile Manager.
posted by [Living Geleick]