Justices 1789 to Present
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Justices 1789 to Present


Chief Justices
Name State App't From Appointed by President Judicial Oath Taken Date Service Terminated
Jay, John New York Washington (a) October 19, 1789 June 29, 1795
Rutledge, John South Carolina Washington August 12, 1795 December 15, 1795
Ellsworth, Oliver Connecticut Washington March 8, 1796 December 15, 1800
Marshall, John Virginia Adams, John February 4, 1801 July 6, 1835
Taney, Roger Brooke Maryland Jackson March 28, 1836 October 12, 1864
Chase, Salmon Portland Ohio Lincoln December 15, 1864 May 7, 1873
Waite, Morrison Remick Ohio Grant March 4, 1874 March 23, 1888
Fuller, Melville Weston Illinois Cleveland October 8, 1888 July 4, 1910
White, Edward Douglass Louisiana Taft December 19, 1910 May 19, 1921
Taft, William Howard Connecticut Harding July 11, 1921 February 3, 1930
Hughes, Charles Evans New York Hoover February 24, 1930 June 30, 1941
Stone, Harlan Fiske New York Roosevelt, F. July 3, 1941 April 22, 1946
Vinson, Fred Moore Kentucky Truman June 24, 1946 September 8, 1953
Warren, Earl California Eisenhower October 5, 1953 June 23, 1969
Burger, Warren Earl Virginia Nixon June 23, 1969 September 26, 1986
Rehnquist, William H. Virginia Reagan September 26, 1986 September 3, 2005
Roberts, John G., Jr. Maryland Bush, G. W. September 29, 2005  


Associate Justices
Name State App't From Appointed by President Judicial Oath Taken Date Service Terminated
Rutledge, John South Carolina Washington (a) February 15, 1790 March 5, 1791
Cushing, William Massachusetts Washington (c) February 2, 1790 September 13, 1810
Wilson, James Pennsylvania Washington (b) October 5, 1789 August 21, 1798
Blair, John Virginia Washington (c) February 2, 1790 October 25, 1795
Iredell, James North Carolina Washington (b) May 12, 1790 October 20, 1799
Johnson, Thomas Maryland Washington September 19, 1791 January 16, 1793
Paterson, William New Jersey Washington (a) March 11, 1793 September 9, 1806
Chase, Samuel Maryland Washington February 4, 1796 June 19, 1811
Washington, Bushrod Virginia Adams, John November 9, 1798 November 26, 1829
Moore, Alfred North Carolina Adams, John (a) April 21, 1800 January 26, 1804
Johnson, William South Carolina Jefferson May 7, 1804 August 4, 1834
Livingston, Brockholst New York Jefferson January 20, 1807 March 18, 1823
Todd, Thomas Kentucky Jefferson (a) May 4, 1807 February 7, 1826
Duvall, Gabriel Maryland Madison (a) November 23, 1811 January 14, 1835
Story, Joseph Massachusetts Madison (c) February 3, 1812 September 10, 1845
Thompson, Smith New York Monroe (b) September 1, 1823 December 18, 1843
Trimble, Robert Kentucky Adams, J. Q. (a) June 16, 1826 August 25, 1828
McLean, John Ohio Jackson March 12, 1829 April 4, 1861
Baldwin, Henry Pennsylvania Jackson January 18, 1830 April 21, 1844
Wayne, James Moore Georgia Jackson January 14, 1835 July 5, 1867
Barbour, Philip Pendleton Virginia Jackson May 12, 1836 February 25, 1841
Catron, John Tennessee Jackson May 1, 1837 May 30, 1865
McKinley, John Alabama Van Buren (c) January 9, 1838 July 19, 1852
Daniel, Peter Vivian Virginia Van Buren (c) January 10, 1842 May 31, 1860
Nelson, Samuel New York Tyler February 27, 1845 November 28, 1872
Woodbury, Levi New Hampshire Polk (b) September 23, 1845 September 4, 1851
Grier, Robert Cooper Pennsylvania Polk August 10, 1846 January 31, 1870
Curtis, Benjamin Robbins Massachusetts Fillmore (b) October 10, 1851 September 30, 1857
Campbell, John Archibald Alabama Pierce (c) April 11, 1853 April 30, 1861
Clifford, Nathan Maine Buchanan January 21, 1858 July 25, 1881
Swayne, Noah Haynes Ohio Lincoln January 27, 1862 January 24, 1881
Miller, Samuel Freeman Iowa Lincoln July 21, 1862 October 13, 1890
Davis, David Illinois Lincoln December 10, 1862 March 4, 1877
Field, Stephen Johnson California Lincoln May 20, 1863 December 1, 1897
Strong, William Pennsylvania Grant March 14, 1870 December 14, 1880
Bradley, Joseph P. New Jersey Grant March 23, 1870 January 22, 1892
Hunt, Ward New York Grant January 9, 1873 January 27, 1882
Harlan, John Marshall Kentucky Hayes December 10 1877 October 14, 1911
Woods, William Burnham Georgia Hayes January 5, 1881 May 14, 1887
Matthews, Stanley Ohio Garfield May 17, 1881 March 22, 1889
Gray, Horace Massachusetts Arthur January 9, 1882 September 15, 1902
Blatchford, Samuel New York Arthur April 3, 1882 July 7, 1893
Lamar, Lucius Quintus C. Mississippi Cleveland January 18, 1888 January 23, 1893
Brewer, David Josiah Kansas Harrison January 6, 1890 March 28, 1910
Brown, Henry Billings Michigan Harrison January 5, 1891 May 28, 1906
Shiras, George, Jr. Pennsylvania Harrison October 10, 1892 February 23, 1903
Jackson, Howell Edmunds Tennessee Harrison March 4, 1893 August 8, 1895
White, Edward Douglass Louisiana Cleveland March 12, 1894 December 18, 1910*
Peckham, Rufus Wheeler New York Cleveland January 6, 1896 October 24, 1909
McKenna, Joseph California McKinley January 26, 1898 January 5, 1925
Holmes, Oliver Wendell Massachusetts Roosevelt, T. December 8, 1902 January 12, 1932
Day, William Rufus Ohio Roosevelt, T. March 2, 1903 November 13, 1922
Moody, William Henry Massachusetts Roosevelt, T. December 17, 1906 November 20, 1910
Lurton, Horace Harmon Tennessee Taft January 3, 1910 July 12, 1914
Hughes, Charles Evans New York Taft October 10, 1910 June 10, 1916
Van Devanter, Willis Wyoming Taft January 3, 1911 June 2, 1937
Lamar, Joseph Rucker Georgia Taft January 3, 1911 January 2, 1916
Pitney, Mahlon New Jersey Taft March 18, 1912 December 31, 1922
McReynolds, James Clark Tennessee Wilson October 12, 1914 January 31, 1941
Brandeis, Louis Dembitz Massachusetts Wilson June 5,1916 February 13, 1939
Clarke, John Hessin Ohio Wilson October 9, 1916 September 18, 1922
Sutherland, George Utah Harding October 2, 1922 January 17, 1938
Butler, Pierce Minnesota Harding January 2, 1923 November 16, 1939
Sanford, Edward Terry Tennessee Harding February 19, 1923 March 8, 1930
Stone, Harlan Fiske New York Coolidge March 2, 1925 July 2, 1941*
Roberts, Owen Josephus Pennsylvania Hoover June 2, 1930 July 31, 1945
Cardozo, Benjamin Nathan New York Hoover March 14, 1932 July 9, 1938
Black, Hugo Lafayette Alabama Roosevelt, F. August 19, 1937 September 17, 1971
Reed, Stanley Forman Kentucky Roosevelt, F. January 31, 1938 February 25, 1957
Frankfurter, Felix Massachusetts Roosevelt, F. January 30, 1939 August 28, 1962
Douglas, William Orville Connecticut Roosevelt, F. April 17, 1939 November 12, 1975
Murphy, Frank Michigan Roosevelt, F. February 5, 1940 July 19, 1949
Byrnes, James Francis South Carolina Roosevelt, F. July 8, 1941 October 3, 1942
Jackson, Robert Houghwout New York Roosevelt, F. July 11, 1941 October 9, 1954
Rutledge, Wiley Blount Iowa Roosevelt, F. February 15, 1943 September 10, 1949
Burton, Harold Hitz Ohio Truman October 1, 1945 October 13, 1958
Clark, Tom Campbell Texas Truman August 24, 1949 June 12, 1967
Minton, Sherman Indiana Truman October 12, 1949 October 15, 1956
Harlan, John Marshall New York Eisenhower March 28, 1955 September 23, 1971
Brennan, William J., Jr. New Jersey Eisenhower October 16, 1956 July 20, 1990
Whittaker, Charles Evans Missouri Eisenhower March 25, 1957 March 31, 1962
Stewart, Potter Ohio Eisenhower October 14, 1958 July 3, 1981
White, Byron Raymond Colorado Kennedy April 16, 1962 June 28, 1993
Goldberg, Arthur Joseph Illinois Kennedy October 1, 1962 July 25, 1965
Fortas, Abe Tennessee Johnson, L. October 4, 1965 May 14, 1969
Marshall, Thurgood New York Johnson, L. October 2, 1967 October 1, 1991
Blackmun, Harry A. Minnesota Nixon June 9, 1970 August 3, 1994
Powell, Lewis F., Jr. Virginia Nixon January 7, 1972 June 26, 1987
Rehnquist, William H. Arizona Nixon January 7, 1972 September 26, 1986*
Stevens, John Paul Illinois Ford December 19, 1975 June 29, 2010
O'Connor, Sandra Day Arizona Reagan September 25, 1981 January 31, 2006
Scalia, Antonin Virginia Reagan September 26, 1986 February 13, 2016
Kennedy, Anthony M. California Reagan February 18, 1988 July 31, 2018
Souter, David H. New Hampshire Bush, G. H. W. October 9, 1990 June 29, 2009
Thomas, Clarence Georgia Bush, G. H. W. October 23, 1991  
Ginsburg, Ruth Bader New York Clinton August 10, 1993 September 18, 2020
Breyer, Stephen G. Massachusetts Clinton August 3, 1994 June 30, 2022
Alito, Samuel A., Jr. New Jersey Bush, G. W. January 31, 2006  
Sotomayor, Sonia New York Obama August 8, 2009  
Kagan, Elena Massachusetts Obama August 7, 2010  
Gorsuch, Neil M. Colorado Trump April 10, 2017  
Kavanaugh, Brett M. Maryland Trump October 6, 2018  
Barrett, Amy Coney Indiana Trump October 27, 2020  
Jackson, Ketanji Brown Washington, D.C. Biden June 30, 2022  

Notes: The acceptance of the appointment and commission by the appointee, as evidenced by the taking of the prescribed oaths, is here implied; otherwise the individual is not carried on this list of the Members of the Court. Examples: Robert Hanson Harrison is not carried, as a letter from President Washington of February 9, 1790 states Harrison declined to serve. Neither is Edwin M. Stanton who died before he could take the necessary steps toward becoming a Member of the Court. Chief Justice Rutledge is included because he took his oaths, presided over the August Term of 1795, and his name appears on two opinions of the Court for that Term.

The date a Member of the Court took his/her Judicial oath (the Judiciary Act provided “That the Justices of the Supreme Court, and the district judges, before they proceed to execute the duties of their respective offices, shall take the following oath . . . ”) is here used as the date of the beginning of his/her service, for until that oath is taken he/she is not vested with the prerogatives of the office. The dates given in this column are for the oaths taken following the receipt of the commissions. Dates without small-letter references are taken from the Minutes of the Court or from the original oath which are in the Curator’s collection. The small letter (a) denotes the date is from the Minutes of some other court; (b) from some other unquestionable authority; (c) from authority that is questionable, and better authority would be appreciated.

*Elevated.





 

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