Alexander III of Russia
Emperor of Russia from 1881 to 1894 / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Alexander III (Russian: Александр III Александрович Романов, tr. Aleksandr III Aleksandrovich Romanov; 10 March 1845 – 1 November 1894)[1] was Emperor of Russia, King of Congress Poland and Grand Duke of Finland from 13 March 1881 until his death in 1894.[2] He was highly reactionary in domestic affairs and reversed some of the liberal reforms of his father, Alexander II. This policy is known in Russia as "counter-reforms" (Russian: контрреформы). Under the influence of Konstantin Pobedonostsev (1827–1907), he opposed any socio-economic moves that limited his autocratic rule.
| Alexander III | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Portrait photograph, 1885 | |||||
| Emperor of Russia | |||||
| Reign | 13 March 1881 – 1 November 1894 | ||||
| Coronation | 27 May 1883 | ||||
| Predecessor | Alexander II | ||||
| Successor | Nicholas II | ||||
| Born | (1845-03-10)10 March 1845 Winter Palace, Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire | ||||
| Died | 1 November 1894(1894-11-01) (aged 49) Maley Palace, Livadia,[lower-alpha 1] Taurida Governorate, Russian Empire | ||||
| Burial | 18 November 1894 Peter and Paul Cathedral, Saint Petersburg, Russian Empire | ||||
| Spouse | |||||
| Issue Detail | |||||
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| House | Romanov-Holstein-Gottorp | ||||
| Father | Alexander II of Russia | ||||
| Mother | Marie of Hesse and by Rhine | ||||
| Religion | Russian Orthodox | ||||
| Signature | .png){kind=small} | ||||
During his reign, Russia fought no major wars as well. He therefore came to be known as "The Peacemaker" (Russian: Миротворец, tr. Mirotvorets, IPA: [mʲɪrɐˈtvorʲɪt͡s]), with that laudatory title enduring into the 21st century among historians (as the Tsar’-Mirotvorets).[3] Outside of politics, Alexander was additionally known for his striking appearance, with an American historian later noting how he stood out as being a "tall, heavy-set man, of enormous muscular strength." Alexander's major foreign policy achievement was helping forge the Russo-French Alliance and thus directing a major shift in the international relations of Russian society that endured for decades. His political legacy represented a direct challenge to the European cultural order set forth by German statesman Otto von Bismarck, intermingling Russian influences with the shifting balances of power.[4]
Alexander's long, multifaceted legacy has been commemorated in public installations across multiple nations. A notable example outside of Russia is the Pont Alexandre III, an ornate arch bridge spanning the Seine in Paris, France. That installation has received mass attention for over a century.