Georgian

See also: georgian

English

WOTD – 26 June 2017

Pronunciation

Fresco of Queen Tamar, a Georgian woman – that is, a woman from the country of Georgia (etymology 1)

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈdʒɔːdʒən/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈdʒɔːɹdʒən/

• Audio (AU)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɔː(r)dʒən
• Hyphenation: Georg‧ian

Etymology 1

Georgia +‎ -an.

Noun

Georgian (countable and uncountable, plural Georgians)

1. (uncountable) The language of Georgia, a country in Eastern Europe.
2. (countable) A person or a descendant of a person from Georgia, a country in Eastern Europe.
3. (countable) A native or resident of the state of Georgia in the United States of America.

Hypernyms

• (native or resident of the US state of Georgia): American

Hyponyms

• (language of Georgia): Tush

Synonyms

• (native or resident of the US state of Georgia): goober, goober-grabbler (dated slang)

Translations

language of the country Georgia

• Abkhaz: ақырҭуа бызшәа (ākərtuā bəzš°ā)
• Arabic: جُورْجِيَّة‎ f (jōrjiyya)
• Armenian: վրացերեն (hy) (vracʿeren)
• Azerbaijani: gürcü, gürcü dili (az)
• Basque: georgiera (eu)
• Belarusian: грузі́нская f (hruzínskaja)
• Bulgarian: грузи́нски m (gruzínski)
• Catalan: georgià (ca) m
• Chechen: гуьржийн мотт (güržīn mott)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 格魯吉亞語, 格鲁吉亚语 (gélǔjíyàyǔ)

• Crimean Tatar: gürci tili
• Czech: gruzínština (cs) f
• Danish: georgisk (da)
• Dhivehi: ޖޯޖިޔާ‎ (jōjiyā)
• Dutch: Georgisch (nl) n
• Estonian: gruusia (et), gruusia keel
• Finnish: georgia (fi)
• French: géorgien (fr) m
• Galician: xeorxiano (gl) m
• Georgian: ქართული (ka) (kartuli), ქართული ენა (ka) (kartuli ena)
• German: Georgisch (de) n, Grusinisch n, Kartwelisch (de) n
• Greek: Γεωργιανά (Georgianá)
• Gujarati: જ્યોર્જિયન (gu) (jyorjiyan)
• Hebrew: גאורגית‎ f (ge'orgít), גרוזינית‎ f (gruzinít)
• Hindi: ज्योर्जियन (hi) (jyorjiyan)
• Hungarian: grúz (hu)
• Icelandic: georgíska (is) f
• Indonesian: bahasa Georgia (id)
• Irish: Seoirsis f
• Italian: georgiano (it) m

• Japanese: グルジア語 (ja) (グルジアじん, gurujiago)
• Kazakh: Грузин тілі (Grwzïn tili)
• Korean: 그루지야어 (ko) (geurujiya-eo)
• Kurdish:

  Central Kurdish: گورجی‎ (ku) (gurcî)

  Northern Kurdish: please add this translation if you can

• Laz: Korturi
• Luxembourgish: Georgesch (lb)
• Macedonian: грузи́ски m (gruzíski)
• Maltese: Ġorġjan
• Mingrelian: ქორთული (kortuli), ქორთული ნინა (kortuli nina)
• Mongolian: гүрж хэл (gürž hel)
• Navajo: Jóojah Dineʼé bizaad
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: georgisk (no) m, grusisk m

  Nynorsk: georgisk (nn) m, grusisk (nn) m

• Ossetian: гуырдзиаг ӕвзаг (g°yrʒiag ævzag)
• Persian: گرجی‎ (fa) (gorji)
• Polish: gruziński (pl)
• Portuguese: georgiano (pt) m
• Romanian: georgiană (ro) f
• Russian: грузи́нский язы́к (ru) m (gruzínskij jazýk), грузи́нский (ru) m (gruzínskij)
• Scots: Georgie
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: грузијски m

  Roman: gruzijski (sh) m

• Slovak: gruzínčina (sk) f
• Slovene: gruzinščina f
• Spanish: georgiano (es) m
• Swedish: georgiska (sv)
• Tagalog: Heyorhiyano
• Tajik: гурҷӣ (tg) (gurjī)
• Turkish: Gürcüce (tr)
• Ukrainian: грузи́нська (uk) f (hruzýnsʹka)
• Yiddish: גרוזיניש‎ n (gruzinish)

person from the country of Georgia

• Abkhaz: please add this translation if you can
• Arabic: جُورْجِيّ‎ m (jōrjiyy), جُورْجِيَّة‎ f (jōrjiyya)
• Armenian: վրացի (hy) (vracʿi)

  Old Armenian: վրացի (vracʿi), (collectively) վիրք pl (virkʿ)

• Azerbaijani: gürcü
• Basque: georgiar
• Belarusian: грузі́н m (hruzín), грузі́нка f (hruzínka)
• Bulgarian: грузи́нец m (gruzínec), грузи́нка f (gruzínka)
• Catalan: georgià (ca) m, georgiana (ca) f
• Chechen: гуьржи (gürži)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 格魯吉亞人 (zh), 格鲁吉亚人 (zh) (gélǔjíyàrén)

• Crimean Tatar: gürci
• Czech: Gruzínec m, Gruzín m, Gruzínka (cs) f
• Danish: georgier
• Dutch: Georgiër (nl) m, Georgische (nl) f, Georgisch (nl)
• Esperanto: kartvelo m, kartvelino f, gruzo (eo) m, gruzino f
• Estonian: grusiin, gruusialane, georgialane
• Finnish: georgialainen (fi); gruusialainen (fi) (dated)
• French: Géorgien (fr) m, Géorgienne (fr) f
• Galician: xeorxiano (gl) m
• Georgian: ქართველი (ka) (kartveli)
• German: Georgier (de) m, Georgierin (de) f, Grusier m, Grusierin f
• Greek: Γεωργιανός (el) m (Georgianós), Γεωργιανή f (Georgianí)
• Hebrew: גאורגי‎ (he) m (Ge'orgí), גאורגית‎ f (Ge'orgít), גרוזיני‎ (he) m (Gruzini), גרוזינית‎ f (Gruzinit)
• Hungarian: grúz (hu)
• Icelandic: Georgíumaður m
• Irish: Seoirseach m
• Italian: georgiano (it) m, georgiana (it) f
• Japanese: グルジア人 (グルジアじん, gurujiajin)
• Kazakh: грузин (grwzïn)
• Korean: 그루지야 사람 (geurujiya saram)

• Kurdish:

  Central Kurdish: گورجی‎ (ku) (gurcî)

  Northern Kurdish: please add this translation if you can

• Kyrgyz: грузин (gruzin)
• Latvian: gruzīns m, gruzīniete f
• Laz: Kortu
• Lithuanian: gruzinas (lt) m, gruzinė (lt) f
• Mingrelian: ქორთუ (kortu)
• Mongolian: гүрж (gürž)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: georgier (no) m, grusier m

  Nynorsk: georgiar (nn) m, grusiar (nn) m

• Ossetian: гуырдзиаг (g°yrʒiag)
• Persian: گرجی‎ (fa) (gorji)
• Polish: Gruzin (pl) m, Gruzinka (pl) f
• Portuguese: georgiano (pt) m
• Romanian: georgian (ro) m, georgiană (ro) f, gruzin (ro) m, gruzină (ro) f
• Russian: грузи́н (ru) m (gruzín), грузи́нка (ru) f (gruzínka), (rare) картве́л (ru) m (kartvél), (rare) картве́лка (ru) (kartvélka)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: Грузијац m, Грузијка f

  Roman: Gruzijac m, Gruzijka f

• Slovak: Gruzínec m, Gruzínka f
• Spanish: georgiano (es) m, georgiana (es) f
• Svan: სგაუიშ (sgauiš)
• Swedish: georgier (sv), (female) georgiska (sv) c
• Tagalog: Heyorhiyano
• Tajik: гурҷӣ (tg) (gurjī)
• Turkish: Gürcü (tr), Gürcistanlı
• Ukrainian: грузи́н m (hruzýn), грузи́нка f (hruzýnka)
• Uyghur: گرۇزىن‎ (gruzin)
• Uzbek: gruzin (uz)
• Yiddish: גרוזינער‎ m (gruziner)

person from the U.S. State of Georgia

• Catalan: georgià (ca) m, georgiana (ca) f
• Esperanto: georgiano m, georgianino f
• Estonian: georgialane
• Finnish: georgialainen (fi)
• French: Géorgien (fr) m, Géorgienne (fr) f

• Galician: xeorxiano (gl) m
• Georgian: ჯორჯიელი (ǯorǯieli), ჯორჯიიდან (ǯorǯiidan)
• Italian: georgiano (it)
• Portuguese: georgiano (pt) m
• Russian: джорджи́ец m (džordžíjec)

Adjective

Georgian (not comparable)

1. Of, from, or pertaining to the Eastern European country of Georgia, the Georgian people or the Georgian language.
   • 2011 September 18, Ben Dirs, “Rugby World Cup 2011: England 41 – 10 Georgia”, in BBC Sport‎^[1], archived from the original on 10 June 2016:

     As in their narrow defeat of Argentina last week, England were indisciplined at the breakdown, and if Georgian fly-half Merab Kvirikashvili had remembered his kicking boots, Johnson's side might have been behind at half-time.

2. Of, from, or pertaining to the U.S. State of Georgia or its Georgian English dialect.

Derived terms

• Georgianization
• Georgianize
• Georgian Orthodox Church
• Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic

 

Translations

pertaining to the country, people or language of Georgia

• Abkhaz: ақырҭуа (ākərtuā)
• Albanian: gjeorgjez
• Arabic: جُورْجِيّ‎ (jūrjiyy)
• Armenian: վրացական (hy) (vracʿakan)
• Azerbaijani: gürcü
• Bashkir: грузин (gruzin)
• Basque: georgiar
• Belarusian: грузі́нскі (hruzínski)
• Bengali: জর্জীয় (bn) (jôrjiẏ)
• Bulgarian: грузи́нски (gruzínski)
• Burmese: ဂျော်ဂျီယာ (gyaugyiya)
• Catalan: georgià (ca)
• Chechen: гуьржийн (güržīn)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 格魯吉亞的 (zh), 格鲁吉亚的 (zh) (Gélǔjíyà de)

• Crimean Tatar: gürci
• Czech: gruzínský (cs)
• Danish: georgisk (da)
• Dutch: Georgisch (nl)
• Estonian: gruusia (et), Gruusia (et), georgia (et), Georgia (et), grusiini
• Finnish: georgialainen (fi), gruusialainen (fi)
• French: géorgien (fr)
• Georgian: ქართული (ka) (kartuli)
• German: georgisch (de), grusinisch
• Greek: γεωργιανός m (georgianós), γεωργιανή f (georgianí), γεωργιανό n (georgianó)
• Hebrew: גרוזינים‎ m (gruzinim), גרוזיניות‎ f (gruziniot)
• Hindi: जॉर्जियाई (hi) (jŏrjiyāī)
• Hungarian: grúz (hu)
• Icelandic: georgískur (is)
• Irish: Seoirseach
• Italian: georgiano (it) m
• Japanese: グルジアの (ja) (Gurujia no), ジョージアの (ja) (Jōjia no)
• Kazakh: грузин (grwzïn)
• Khmer: ហ្សកហ្ស៊ី (zɑkzii)
• Korean: 조지아의 (ko) (jojiaui), 그루지야의 (ko) (geurujiyaui)
• Kyrgyz: грузин (gruzin)

• Latin: georgianus, Hibēricus
• Latvian: gruzīnu, gruzīnisks
• Lithuanian: gruzinų (lt), gruziniškas (lt)
• Macedonian: грузиски (gruziski)
• Malay: Georgia
• Mongolian: гүрж (gürž)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: georgisk (no)

  Nynorsk: georgisk (nn)

• Ossetian: гуырдзиаг (g°yrʒiag)
• Pashto: ګرجي‎ (gorǰī)
• Persian: گرجی‎ (fa) (gorji)
• Polish: gruziński (pl)
• Portuguese: georgiano (pt)
• Romanian: georgian (ro), gruzin (ro)
• Russian: грузи́нский (ru) (gruzínskij), (linguistic, rare) картве́льский (ru) (kartvélʹskij)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: гру̑зӣјскӣ

  Roman: grȗzījskī (sh)

• Slovak: gruzínsky (sk)
• Slovene: grȗzijski
• Spanish: georgiano (es)
• Swedish: georgisk (sv)
• Tagalog: Heyorhiyano
• Tajik: гурҷӣ (tg) (gurjī)
• Tatar: гөрҗи (görci)
• Thai: จอร์เจีย (th) (jɔɔ-jiia)
• Turkish: Gürcü (tr)
• Turkmen: gruzin
• Ukrainian: грузи́нський (uk) f (hruzýnsʹkyj)
• Urdu: جارجیائی‎ (jārjiyā'ī)
• Uyghur: گرۇزىن‎ (gruzin)
• Uzbek: gruzin (uz)
• Vietnamese: Gru-di-a
• Yiddish: גרוזינער‎ (gruziner), גרוזיניש‎ (gruzinish)

pertaining to the U.S. State of Georgia

• Catalan: georgià (ca)
• Estonian: georgia (et), Georgia (et)
• Finnish: georgialainen (fi)

• Icelandic: georgískur (is)
• Russian: джорджи́йский (džordžíjskij)

See also

• Wiktionary's coverage of Georgian terms
• Appendix:Georgian Swadesh list for a Swadesh list of basic vocabulary words in Georgian

Etymology 2

The Circus in Bath, England is an example of Georgian architecture – that is, built during the reign of George II of Great Britain (etymology 2)

George +‎ -ian.

Noun

Georgian (plural Georgians)

1. (historical) A British citizen during the reign of a king named George.

Adjective

Georgian (comparative more Georgian, superlative most Georgian)

1. Of, from, or characteristic of the reigns of Kings George I and George II of Great Britain, and George III and George IV of the United Kingdom (1714–1830).
2. Pertaining to or characteristic of Stefan George (a German poet).
   • 2001, Martin Travers, Critics of Modernity: The Literature of the Conservative Revolution in Germany, 1890–1933, page 82:

     The same Georgian persona, leonine and sacerdotal (that of the aristocratic priest) appears throughout the reminiscences of all his disciples.

   • 2005, Ernst Osterkamp, “The Legacy of the George Circle”, in Exile, Science and Bildung: The Contested Legacies of German Emigre Intellectuals, page 23:

     Another example of this sterile Georgian orthodoxy is to be found in the case of Ernst Morwitz ...

   • 2012, Paul Fleming, “Bodies: Ernst H. Kantorowicz”, in “Escape to Life”: German Intellectuals in New York: A Compendium on Exile after 1933, page 227:

     Kantorowicz […] warns against confusing a Georgian aesthetic “secret Germany,” which still slumbered in concealment, with contemporary, ‘awakened’ Nazi Germany.

Further reading

• ISO 639-1 code ka, ISO 639-3 code kat
• Ethnologue entry for Georgian, ka
• Georgian on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Anagrams

• Georgina