Faisal of Saudi Arabia
King of Saudi Arabia from 1964 to 1975 / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Faisal bin Abdulaziz Al Saud (Arabic: فيصل بن عبدالعزيز آل سعود Fayṣal ibn ʿAbd al ʿAzīz Āl Suʿūd, Najdi Arabic pronunciation: [fæjsˤɑl ben ˈʕæbd ælʕæˈziːz ʔæːl sæˈʕuːd]; 14 April 1906 – 25 March 1975) was a Saudi Arabian statesman and diplomat who was King of Saudi Arabia from 2 November 1964 until his assassination in 1975. Prior to his ascension, he served as Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia from 9 November 1953 to 2 November 1964, and he was briefly regent to his half-brother King Saud in 1964. He was prime minister from 1954 to 1960 and from 1962 to 1975. Faisal was the third son of King Abdulaziz, the founder of modern Saudi Arabia.[note 1]
| Faisal | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques | |||||
 Formal portrait, 1945 | |||||
| King of Saudi Arabia | |||||
| Reign | 2 November 1964 – 25 March 1975 | ||||
| Bay'ah | 2 November 1964 | ||||
| Predecessor | Saud | ||||
| Successor | Khalid | ||||
| Regent of Saudi Arabia | |||||
| Tenure | 4 March 1964 – 2 November 1964 | ||||
Monarch | Saud | ||||
| Prime Minister of Saudi Arabia | |||||
| Tenure | 16 August 1954 – 21 December 1960 | ||||
| Predecessor | Saud bin Abdulaziz | ||||
| Successor | Saud bin Abdulaziz | ||||
| Tenure | 31 October 1962 – 25 March 1975 | ||||
| Predecessor | Saud bin Abdulaziz | ||||
| Successor | Khalid bin Abdulaziz | ||||
| Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia | |||||
| Tenure | 9 November 1953 – 2 November 1964 | ||||
Monarch | Saud | ||||
| Predecessor | Saud bin Abdulaziz | ||||
| Successor | Khalid bin Abdulaziz | ||||
| Minister of Foreign Affairs | |||||
| Tenure | 19 December 1930 – 22 December 1960 | ||||
Monarch | Abdulaziz Saud | ||||
| Predecessor | Office established | ||||
| Successor | Ibrahim bin Abdullah Al Suwaiyel | ||||
| Tenure | 16 March 1962 – 25 March 1975 | ||||
Monarch | Saud Himself | ||||
| Predecessor | Ibrahim bin Abdullah Al Suwaiyel | ||||
| Successor | Saud Al Faisal | ||||
| Viceroy of Hejaz | |||||
| Tenure | 9 February 1926 – 22 September 1932 | ||||
Monarch | Abdulaziz | ||||
| Successor | Khalid bin Abdulaziz | ||||
| Born | (1906-04-14)14 April 1906 Riyadh, Emirate of Riyadh | ||||
| Died | 25 March 1975(1975-03-25) (aged 68) Riyadh, Saudi Arabia | ||||
| Burial | 26 March 1975 Al-Oud cemetery, Riyadh | ||||
| Spouses | List
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| Issue Among others ... | |||||
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| House | Al Saud | ||||
| Father | Abdulaziz of Saudi Arabia | ||||
| Mother | Tarfa bint Abdullah Al Sheikh | ||||
| Occupation |
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| Signature |  | ||||
| Military career | |||||
| Allegiance |  Saudi Arabia | ||||
| Service/ | Armed Forces of Saudi Arabia | ||||
| Years of service | 1917–1975 | ||||
| Battles/wars | |||||
Faisal was the son of Abdulaziz and Tarfa bint Abdullah Al Sheikh. His father was still reigning as Emir of Nejd at the time of Faisal's birth,[note 2] and his mother was from the Al ash-Sheikh family which has produced many prominent Saudi religious leaders. Faisal emerged as an influential royal politician during his father's reign. He served as viceroy of Hejaz from 1926 to 1932. He was the Saudi foreign minister from 1930 and prime minister from 1954 until his death, except for a two-year break in both positions from 1960 to 1962. After his father died in 1953 and his half-brother Saud became king, Faisal became crown prince, and in that position he outlawed slavery in Saudi Arabia. He persuaded King Saud to abdicate in his favour in 1964 with the help of other members of the royal family and his maternal cousin Muhammad ibn Ibrahim Al ash-Sheikh, Grand Mufti of Saudi Arabia.
Faisal implemented a policy of modernization and reform. His main foreign policy themes were pan-Islamism, anti-communism,[5][note 3] and pro-Palestinianism. He attempted to limit the power of Islamic religious officials. Protesting against support that Israel received from the West, he led the oil embargo which caused the 1973 oil crisis. Faisal successfully stabilized the Kingdom's bureaucracy, and his reign had significant popularity among Saudi Arabians despite his reforms facing some controversy. Following his assassination by his nephew Faisal bin Musaid in 1975, he was succeeded by his half-brother Khalid.