Chapter 18 "The Monarchs of Europe" Flashcards | Quizlet
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Chapter 18 "The Monarchs of Europe"

Terms in this set (64)

Charles V
"I bought votes to be elected Holy Roman Emperor in 1519."
Philip II
"As the son of Charles V, I ruled the Netherlands, Spain, Sicily, and Spain's colonies in the Americas."
Huguenot
"I was a French Calvinist Protestant."
Cardinal Richelieu
"I was Louis XIII's chief minister and most trusted advisor."
Louis XIV
"Nicknamed the Sun King, I was history's best example of an absolute monarch."
Puritans
"We were a group of strict Calvinists who wanted to further reform the Church of England."
Oliver Cromwell
"As the leader of the Roundheads, I eventually became commander-in-chief of Parliament's army."
Royalists
"We supported Charles I during the English Civil War."
Ivan the Terrible
"I earned this nickname because of my strict policies and violent actions."
Peter the Great
"I was the czar known for my efforts to transform Russia into a modern state."
Charles I
Who came first Philip II or Charles I?
Henry IV
Who came first Louis XIV or Henry IV?
Peace of Augsburg
What came first Peace of Augsburg or Glorious Revolution?
Spanish Armada
What came first War of the Spanish Succession or defeat of the Spanish Armada?
English Civil War
What came first Restoration or English Civil War?
...
What happened when Charles became Holy Roman Emperor as Charles V?
Sister Juana Ines de la Cruz
Who argued that women had the right to an education?
To stop England form raiding his ships and to return England to the Catholic Church.
Why did King Philip decide to invade England?
He was frustrated by his failures in Europe.
Why did Charles V give up his thrones in 1556?
Huguenots
Who challenged the French monarchy's philosophy of "one king, one law, one religion"?
He won acceptance by converting to Catholicism.
Why was Henry IV able to claim the throne of France?
To build up the military and expand French territory.
What were some of Louis XIV's ambitions?
The Spanish King died without an heir.
What caused the War of the Spanish Succession?
Louis XIV
Who was known as the Sun King?
The king believed in absolute monarchy and Parliament saw itself as independent of the king.
What caused the English Civil War?
Thomas Hobbes
Who described his life in nature as "solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short"?
It prevented the monarch from levying taxes without the consent of Parliament.
What does the English Bill of Rights guarantee?
The Glorious Revolution
What was the ascension of William and Mary to the throne of England known as?
Ivan IV
Who was the first czar of Russia?
Westernization
What was Peter I's goal?
An attempt by one of the Hapsburg emperors to exert his authority.
What was the Thirty Years' War sparked by?
Maria Theresa turned down Frederick the Great.
What caused the War of Austrian Succession?
Their power came from God.
Why did absolute monarchs argue that their power must not be challenged?
The Dutch refused to declare allegiance to Philip II; different religions
Why did people in the Netherlands revolt against Spain?
It represented a clear break with the conformity of the past. No longer "one king, one law, one religion"
Why was the Edict of Nantes a remarkable document?
...
What were some of Louis XIII's goals?
Charles V; Philip II (Spain)
Louis XIV (France)
James I; Charles I; Charles II; James II (England)
Ivan IV; Peter the Great; Catherine the Great (Russia)
Who were some of the best examples of absolute monarchs?
James II was not a popular king.
Why were William and Mary crowned king and queen of England?
Several million Germans died; Extended religious toleration to both Catholics and Protestants; Reduced the power of the Holy Roman Empire.
What were some of the causes of the Thirty Years' War?
Five percent of the country's annual revenue; Created resentment among the people; Helped cause revolution years later.
What were some of the costs of building Versailles?
Divine right
What did absolute rules argued that they were ruled by?
...
What gave each German prince the right to decide whether his state would be Catholic or Protestant?
El Greco
What painter was famous for his elongated human figures?
Sea dogs
Who were English ship captains supported by Queen Elizabeth I who attacked Spanish treasure ships coming from America?
Huguenots
What were French Calvinist Protestants called?
Parliament
What limited the power of English kings and queens?
James I
What king began the Stewart dynasty in England?
The Petition of Right
What did Charles I sign in 1628 in order to get money from Parliament?
Charles I
Who was the first European monarch to be formally tried and executed by a court of law?
The Restoration
What event occurred when Parliament voted to bring back the English monarchy?
Constitutional monarchy
What is a monarchy limited by law called?
Catherine the Great
Who seized power from her husband, Czar Peter III?
Treaty of Westphalia
What treaty ended the Thirty Years' War?
The empire could be passed to a female heir
What did the Pragmatic Sanction allow?
Prussia
What country emerged as the strongest military power in Europe as a result of the Seven Years' War?
Philip II
Who took over the Netherlands, Spain, Sicily, and Spain's colonies in the Americas when Charles V abdicated in 1556?
Edict of Nantes
What compromise gave certain rights to Huguenots as a way to restore peace in France?
Puritans
Who wanted to purify the Church of England?
The War of the Spanish Succession
What war was fought to prevent France and Spain from being ruled by members of the same family?
Commonwealth
What is a republican government based on the common good of all the people called?
Czars
What were all absolute monarchs in Russia known as beginning with Ivan the Terrible?
The Dutch refused to declare allegiance to Philip II; different religions
What caused the Dutch to revolt against Philip II?
They were severely damaged and fled.
What happened to the Spanish Armada?
He believed in the divine right of kings and wanted to rule as an absolute monarch; He was low on funds; He was from Scotland and was considered an outsider.
Why did James I have difficulty getting along with Parliament?
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