Daisuke Ito (伊藤大輔 Daisuke Itô?, Born: 1898 October 13 Died: 1981, July 19) Japanese film director, writer. He is one of the famous directors who made the basis of historical drama movies, and is also called " the father of historical drama ".
Life[]
relying on Kaoru Osanai, who had to correspond . While the living and life Mansaku Itami, founding has been in February Shochiku Kinema accessories Shochiku Kinema actor school entering the (Osanai is presided over) . In the same year, at the recommendation of Kaoru Osanai, he wrote the scenario for "Newborn" directed by Kaneyuki Tanaka , photographed by Henry Kotani . After writing more than 50 scripts at Shochiku Kamata Studio , he moved to Teikoku Kinema Ashiya Studio in 1923 (Taisho 12) and wrote more than 20 scenarios.
In 1924 (Taisho 13), he made his directorial debut with "Sakechu Diary" based on Doppo Kunikida . In the same year, "Sword judges" becomes the first historical drama.
In 1925 (Taisho 15), he joined Toho Film Manufacturing Co. , Ltd. and directed and wrote the company's first film, "Smoke," but left the company after this one film and established the Ito Film Research Institute (Daisuke Ito Productions). Hiroshi Inagaki , Tokihiko Okada and others belonged as research students . He oversees the first works of the establishment, "Kyoko and Yafumiko" and "Nichiwa" trilogy, but the independence itself ends in failure.
To the famous director of historical drama[]
1926 (1926), Nikkatsu Uzumasa studio moved to, was still rookie Denjirō Ōkōchi set the combination, "Chokon", oversees the period drama works such as "per pass", violent brawl scene and the United States , Germany , He is attracting attention for his bold camera work influenced by foreign films such as the Soviet Union . Furthermore, in 1927 (Showa 2), he released a trilogy of the masterpiece " Chuji Journey Diary ", which remains in the history of movies and is called "Kinjito" . It suddenly became a representative of the movie world and had a great influence on posterity. This year director was Kawabu Goro "starring menial " is also counted in the masterpiece, shooting Hiromitsu Karasawa teamed for the first time combination with.
Daisuke Ito, Denjiro Okochi, and Hiromitsu Karasawa met for the first time in "A Diary of Chujitsu Journey", and the "Golden Trio" was born here. And later become a standard-bearer to lead the Japanese film industry of silent end, the "original ronin Tuya," "The Rise and Fall Shinsengumi" by the three combination (more than 1930 published), "Samurai Japan", " Oatsurae Jirokichi Koshi " (more than 1931 years (Public) and many other masterpieces of historical drama were born.
In 1928 (Showa 3), in " New Edition Ooka Seidan ", Okochi was made to play the one- eyed monster swordfighter " Tange Sazen ", and the development with a sense of speed became very popular and " Tange Sazen of Okochi Denjiro " became popular. I made it immovable. Since then, he has produced a series of Tange Sazen series starring Okochi, such as "Continued Ooka Seidan Mahou Hen Daiichi" (1930) and "Tange Sazen Daiichi".
1929 (1929), Utaemon Ichikawa production the "Issatsutasho sword" in, Shochiku Kyoto studio in the Ryunosuke Tsukigata "starring Kihito Kiumaken supervise". Both films are known as masterpieces of "tendency films" influenced by socialist ideas at the time, and the former has been censored by the Ministry of Interior, with more than 300 feet removed from the finished film. However, he surprised the world with the novelty of cut-back and moving shooting, and received high praise artistically.
When the movie entered the talkie era, Ito's social thought was subject to suppression by the authorities, and censorship and speech control were strengthened, in addition to the fact that he was originally extremely free-spirited and had many troubles with movie companies. In the midst of the flow, the motivation for making movies diminished and became extremely sluggish, and Yasujiro Ozu , Kenji Mizoguchi , Sadao Yamanaka and others pushed him to leave no outstanding works.
In 1932 (Showa 7), he established a new movie company independently from Nikkatsu with Minoru Murata , Tomotaka Tasaka , Tomu Uchida and others, but it was dissolved in 1933 (Showa 8). I returned to Nikkatsu again. In the same year, he released "Tange Sazen Vol. 1", which used the American Western-style talkie for the first time. He also directed and wrote " Hayato Hotta " at Chiezou Kataoka Productions . Since then, the director's work has been in a slump, and he has left many masterpieces as a scenario writer, including " Yukinosuke Change " directed by Teinosuke Kinugasa .
In September 1934 (Showa 9), Daiichi Eiga was established with Masaichi Nagata , Kenji Mizoguchi , Isuzu Yamada and others .
In 1936 (Showa 11), participated in the establishment of the Directors Guild of Japan .
In 1942 (Showa 16), directed " Kurama Tengu Yokohama Appears " produced by Daiei Kyoto with Kanjuro Arashi . "Kurama Tengu" is a masterpiece of Arakan, but in Daiei Kyoto it ends up in this one. In 1943 (Showa 18), he directed "Miyamoto Musashi / Two Swords Open Eyes" starring Chiezou Kataoka . At the same time as raising the historical drama star with these works, he supported the popularity of historical drama and continues to shoot new works at a pace of one a year thereafter.
Postwar[]
After the war, GHQ regulations made it impossible to produce historical drama, and the slump continued, but in 1947 (Showa 22), it was innocent to innocent young people in order to maintain the order of the feudal system as a "historical drama without swashbuckler". of sin painted Akira Iga Yamauchi as a man of drama to confront the conspiracy of the shogunate to be Chakuseyo the " through sown prime ronin the" Tsumasaburō Bandō directing starring, to escape the slump.
1948 to (1948) Tsumasaburō Bandō starring " king take", players Miyoshi Sakata drawn to emotional ties with their families. Then 1955 to (1955) the new Toho "The king one generation a", 1962 to Toei "The king made a", was remade twice. In 1963, he was in charge of the adaptation of " Sequel King " (Toei, a sequel to the 1962 work, directed by Junya Sato ).
1950 to (1950) Toyokoeiga in Sessue Hayakawa oversee the "Les Miserables Oh heartless (Part One)" in starring. In 1951 (Showa 26), Shochiku's 30th anniversary movie "Five Men of Edo" was produced with all-stars such as Tsumasaburo Bando and Utaemon Ichikawa, and became a big hit.
After that, he played an active part in the Daiei period drama, and released "Benten Kozo" and "Scar Yosaburo" starring Raizo Ichikawa . In addition, he provided scripts for " Nemuri Shiro Unrequited Sword" and " Zatoichi Jigoku Journey" and was involved in the two most popular series of Daiei.
In 1961 (Showa 36), he released " Conspirator " starring Kinnosuke Nakamura , won the Blue Ribbon Award for Director, and made it a masterpiece after the war. In 1970 (Showa 45), " Bakumatsu " taken by Nakamura Production became the last director's work. Based on Ryotaro Shiba 's masterpiece " Ryoma Goes His Way, " it was a masterpiece shot with Nakamura, Toshiro Mifune , Sayuri Yoshinaga , and Tatsuya Nakadai . After that , he wrote and directed the stage for Yorozuya Kinnosuke .
In 1972 (Showa 47), he was selected as a Person of Cultural Merit in Kyoto City. In 1978 (Showa 53), received the Fumiko Yamaji Film Achievement Award.
1981 (1981) July 19 , renal failure because of the Kyoto died at the hospital in.
Person[]
He is a director who likes moving photography (a method in which a rail is laid and a dolly with a cameraman and a camera moves on the rail to take a picture). It was. Also, in the works of the silent period, he was known for his unique style of developing the story with skillful narrative using novel shooting techniques such as flash and multiple exposure, and was called "Ito Narrative" among critics. ..
The movie at that time was a weekly show. Daiei was the producer of Hisashi Okuda is, taught that "Katsudouya for one week I cut the life" from Ito, he has said he grew up .
Although he directed many works, most of the prewar masterpieces taken by Ito today have been dissipated in both scenario films, making it difficult to see the whole picture. Fortunately, however, "Miyajiro Kichigaku" remains in a form that is relatively close to the prototype. In recent years, due to the efforts of the people concerned, some of the "Nagare", "Chuji Journey Diary", "Ichisatsu Taseiken", and "Zanjin Zanmaken" have been discovered and restored, making them available for general viewing. became. He is also one of the rare directors who played an active part from the Taisho era to the heyday of color movies.
A monument was erected in honor of the achievement at Motoyuigi Children's Amusement Park, the birthplace. Yoshiyuki Kuroda , the film director of Daiei Kyoto Studio , is his nephew, and Hiroshi Inagaki , the film director of Toho , is also a relative.
He has his home on the site of Ninsei Nonomura 's house, and it is said that porcelain pieces were often found when gardening. ( Chogoro Kaionji "Japanese Master")
Award[]
- Showa 23 (3rd) Art Festival Award Film Category " Osho "
- Showa 36 (16th) Art Festival Award Film Category "Conspirator"
- Medal with Purple Ribbon [Showa 37]
- 12th Blue Ribbon Award Director's Award (Showa 36) "Rebel Child"
- Kyoto Citizens' Film Festival Shozo Makino Award (6th) [1963]
- Annual representative scenario (Showa 36/46) "Rebel child" "Serious game dual wield eye opening"
- Fumiko Yamaji Award Achievement Award (2nd, 1978)
Main filmography[]
All of them are directed works (95 works in total) except for special mention. There are 200 screenplays. The pre-war work was marked with the presence or absence of existence. Category: Film directed by Daisuke Ito
- Reborn (1920, directed by Kaneyuki Tanaka) --Screenplay
- Call of the Sea (1923, directed by Hotei Nomura ) --Screenplay
- Hurting Little Bird (1923, directed by Kiyohiko Ushihara ) --Screenplay
- 噫 Ruthless Volume 1 Wandering Volume (1923, directed by Kiyohiko Ushihara) --Screenplay (9-minute fragment still exists )
- 噫 Ruthless Volume 2 Mayor's Volume (1923, directed by Yoshinobu Ikeda ) --Screenplay
- Mumei Hell (1924, directed by Riku Okura ) --Screenplay
- Sake Diary (1924)
- Judge the sword (1924)
- Smoke (1925)
- Nagagure (1926) * 13-minute fragment still exists
- Shirou (1927)
- Chuji Journey Diary
- A Diary of Chujitsu Koshu Sword Fight (1927)
- A Diary of Chujitsu Shinshu Blood Lol (1927) * A re-edited version of 95 minutes with "Godoku" still exists
- A Diary of Chujitsu Journey (1927)
- New edition Ooka Masanori (1928)
- Bloody smoke Takada Baba (1928) * A shortened version of 6 minutes still exists
- Zanjin Zanbaken (1929) * A 26-minute re-edited version still exists
- Issatsu Tashōken (1929) * A 30-minute re-edited version still exists
- Sequel Ooka Masanori Demon Statue Hen No. 1 (1930)
- Tadaya Ronin (1930)
- Samurai Nippon (1931)
- Made to Order Clothes (1931) * 79-minute screening prints still exist
- Hotta Hayato (1933)
- Tsukigata Hanpeita (1933) * Fragments less than 1 minute still exist
- Tange Sazen Volume 1 (1933) * 45-minute screening prints still exist
- Tange Sazen Kenjo no Maki (1934) * 1 minute fragment still exists
- Six combs (1935) * 80-minute screening prints still exist
- Yukinosuke Change Volume 1 (1935, directed by Teinosuke Kinugasa ) --Screenplay
- Forty-eighth person (1936) * 91-minute screening prints still exist
- Asagiri Pass (1936)
- Chuji Kassou (1936, directed by Tameyoshi Kubo and Masahiro Makino ) --Original * 45-minute screening print still exists
- Satsuma Hibashi (1938) * 86-minute screening prints still exist
- Kurama Tengu (1942) * A 90-minute screening print of the title change "Kurama Tengu Golden Hell" still exists
- Two-sword style opening (1943) * 91-minute screening prints still exist
- Miyamoto Musashi Decisive Prajna Wakasaka (1943) * 75-minute screening prints still exist
- Tokai Suikoden (1945) * An 83-minute screening print of the refurbished version of "Tokai 28 People Tokai Suikoden" still exists
- Surônin Makaritari (1947)
- King (1948)
- Haruka Pretty Mother's Country (1950)
- Oboro Kago (1951)
- Five Men of Edo (1951)
- Shunkin Monogatari (1954)
- Gerô no Kubi (1955)
- Osho Ichidai (1955)
- Benten Kobo (1958)
- Scar Yosaburo (1960)
- Conspirator (1961)
- King (1962)
- Ieyasu Tokugawa (1965)
- The end of the Tokugawa shogunate (1970) --The director's last work
- Life of a movie director Kenji Mizoguchi's record (1975, directed by Kaneto Shindo ) --- Appearance
Books[]
- "Ohsho and other Daisuke Ito scenario selection" Hoshibayashisha, 1948
- "Poetry and Truth in Historical Films" Kinema Junpo , 1976. Yasushi Kato ed.
- "Daisuke Ito Scenario Collection", 4 volumes, Tankosha Publishing, 1985. Asako Ito