Cartesian Meditations: An Introduction to Phenomenology{Sect} 1. Descartes' Meditations as the prototype of philosophical reflection. I have partieular reason for being glad that I may talk about transeendental phenomenology in this, the most venerable abode of Freneh seienee.l Franee's greatest thinker, Rene Deseartes, gave transeendental phenomenology new impulses through his Meditations; their study aeted quite direetly on the transfor mation of an already developing phenomenology into a new kind of transeendental philosophy. Aeeordingly one might almost eall transeendental phenomenology a neo-Cartesianism, even though it is obliged-and preeisely by its radieal development of Cartesian motifs - to rejeet nearly all the well-known doe trinal eontent of the Cartesian philosophy. That being the situation, I ean already be assured of your interest if I start with those motifs in the M editationes de prima philosophia that have, so I believe, an eternal signifieanee and go on to eharaeterize the transformations, and the novel for mations, in whieh the method and problems of transeendental phenomenology originate. Every beginner in philosophy knows the remarkable train of thoughts eontained in the Meditations. Let us reeall its guiding idea. The aim of the Meditations is a eomplete reforming of philosophy into a scienee grounded on an absolute foundation. |
Contents
1 | |
FIRST MEDITATION THE WAY TO THE TRANSCENDENTAL | 7 |
Differentiations of evidence The philosophical | 14 |
The range covered by apodictic evidence of theIam | 22 |
Necessity of at first excluding problems relating | 29 |
Necessary beginning of both transcen | 37 |
The twosidedness of inquiry into consciousness | 39 |
The peculiar nature of intentional analysis | 46 |
Association as a principle of passive genesis | 80 |
41 | 83 |
FIFTH MEDITATION UNCOVERING OF THE SPHERE | 89 |
44 | 92 |
The transcendental ego and selfapperception as | 99 |
46 | 100 |
The transcendency of the Objective world as | 105 |
50 | 108 |
22 | 53 |
Actuality as the correlate of evident varification | 59 |
27 | 60 |
FOURTH MEDITATION DEVELOPMENT OF THE CONSTITUTION | 65 |
31 | 66 |
Excursus into eidetic internal psychology | 72 |
ego cogito | 75 |
Pairing as an associatively constitutive component | 112 |
53 | 116 |
56 | 128 |
59 | 136 |
The traditional problems of psychological origins | 141 |
62 | 148 |
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Common terms and phrases
absolute accordance with Typescript accordingly all-embracing already animate organism apodictic apperception appresentation appresented Apriori becomes constituted belonging body Cartesian clarification cogitatum cogito concrete ego connexion consti correlate cultural dental Descartes ego's eidetic epoché essence essential necessity existing experiencing someone explication fact facto ego French translation fundamental genesis genuine harmonious horizon idea ideal identical immanent included intentional object intentionality intersubjectivity intuition kinesthesias likewise manner matter meant meditations modes of appearance modes of consciousness monads Nature Objectivated Objective world original particular passive peculiar perceiving perception pertaining phantasy phenome philosophy physical thing positive sciences potentialities precisely predelineated predicates present presupposed primordial sphere primordial world problems psyche psychic psychology psychophysical published text realm reduced reflexively related respect self-explication solipsism stratum structure subjective processes Supplied in accordance surrounding world synthesis synthetic temporal tentional theory transcendency transcendental ego transcendental idealism transcendental phenomenology transcendental subjectivity types ultimate uncovering unity universal verified virtue