Tinea%20corporis,%20cruris%20-and-%20pedis Patient Education

Patient Education

Educate patient about conditions and practices that promotes fungal growth; fungi thrive in warm moist environments
- Use foot powders to avoid maceration
- Antifungal powder may be applied inside shoes

Encourage patient to wear loose-fitting garments preferably made of cotton or synthetic materials that are made to wick away moisture from the skin surface
- Socks should have the same type of properties

Make sure areas that are likely to become infected are dried completely before covering with clothes
Avoid walking barefoot, sharing garments and wearing occlusive footwear

Waning immunity against COVID-19 reinfections: Lessons from Singapore cohort study

06 Jul 2023

A retrospective national cohort study in Singapore assessed hybrid immunity from previous infection and monovalent vaccination against medically attended symptomatic BA.4, BA.5, and XBB reinfections.

This study highlights the immune evasiveness of the XBB variants. All human viruses adapt to become more transmissible, more immune evasive, and less virulent over time, and SARS-CoV-2 is no exception.

SARS-CoV-2 Variants: Everything you need to know

01 Feb 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic continues to evolve with the emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants. The variants of concern have the potential to impact the transmissibility, virulence, and clinical presentation of the disease, affecting the epidemiology, public health measures, and diagnostic and therapeutic options. Mutations in the spike protein of the virus have increased its ability to infect humans and evade neutralization by natural or immunisation-induced antibodies. The highly mutated Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 has multiple sublineages with varying transmissibility and immune evasion potential. Pre-exposure prophylaxis plays a crucial role in protecting the immunocompromised populations against severe disease; however, the rapidly changing landscape of the variants poses a major challenge to the current and future effectiveness of pre-exposure prophylactic monoclonal antibodies.

AZD7442 (tixagevimab–cilgavimab) prevents COVID-19 in high-risk populations

Dr. Leong Hoe Nam, Dr. Behram Ali Khan, Dr. See Hui Ti, Dr. Yoon Kam Hon, 12 Oct 2022

Though most COVID-19 safe management measures have been lifted in Singapore, the pandemic continues to adversely impact the lives of immunocompromised patients at high risk of severe infection.

“It has been an absolute misery for these patients and their families,” said Dr Leong Hoe Nam, Infectious Disease Specialist at Mount Elizabeth Novena Hospital, Singapore. “The virus is an unseen enemy that may strike unexpectedly. The strike may kill, or if not, maim the individual. Patients isolate themselves for fear of getting infected while their family members fear bringing the illness back home.”

Immunocompromised patients are those with suppressed immunity resulting from health conditions, including solid organ and haematological cancers, end-stage kidney and liver disease, organ or bone marrow transplants, and immune-mediated inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, or those on active treatment with immunosuppressive medications. [Expert Rev Vaccines 2022;1-17; BMJ 2021;374:n2098]