I love driving in Italy! And it is not as hard or scary as you may have heard. Nonetheless, if you have never driven in a boot-shaped country, here are my practical tips for how to drive in Italy for the first time. And even if it is your second, third, or fourth visit to Italy by car, you may find some new handy information.
I have rented cars in Italy dozens of times, and drove from North to South, including Sicily and Sardinia. I visit Italy every year and 90% of the time I drive. However, many travelers who have never driven in Italy think it is a nightmare. However, this is not true! Ok, maybe partially true, if you drive in the most challenging places like Naples, Palermo, or Amalfi Coast.
I put together this A to Z Italy driving guide where you will find all you need to know to navigate Italian roads safely. Topics you will find in this post:
- To drive or not to drive in Italy: practical advice to help you decide.
- Renting the right vehicle for the best price.
- List of the necessary documents to drive in Italy 100% legally.
- Driving etiquette in Italy– what to expect- myths debunked
- Road conditions and main driving laws in Italy.
- A bunch of other practical Italy driving tips for first-timers (and not only).
Without further ado, let’s get ready for driving in Italy.
Disclosure: This Driving in Italy Guide contains affiliate links to our trusted partners. It means that we may make a small commission at no extra cost to you if you purchase by clicking a link. It helps us grow the blog and create more of free useful travel advice for you.
Quick tips for driving in Italy for the first time
If you are in a rush and don’t have time to read through this comprehensive guide to driving in Italy, here are the main tips for you to take away:
- Driving in Italy is enjoyable and not as crazy as people say. However, places like Naples, Amalfi Coast, or Palermo can be challenging even for an experienced driver.
- Exploring the main cities of Italy doesn’t necessarily require a car, but to truly experience the country’s lesser-known coastal and mountain regions, having your wheels is a game changer.
- Discovercars is my go-to for finding the best deals on car rentals, potentially saving you up to 70% on rental car rates in Italy.
- If your driver’s license wasn’t issued within the EU or UK, make sure to have an International Driver’s Permit (IDP) at hand.
- And don’t skimp on full coverage; while it may seem costly upfront, Discovercars offers full coverage options starting from just 6 EUR a day, a small price for peace of mind.
- Rent a small car that can accommodate all the passengers and the luggage. It will also be a more economical option.
If you need advice on driving in Italy in a specific location, I have the following posts that you can refer to:
- Driving the Amalfi Coast,
- Driving in Calabria,
- Driving in Puglia,
- Driving in Sicily,
- Driving in Tuscany.
Should you drive in Italy: pros and cons
Pros of driving in Italy
- Independence from public transportation and flexibility to move around on your schedule
- You can easily visit Italian hidden gems, including secluded beaches, small towns, in general, non-touristy places.
- Hiring a car in Italy is affordable.
- For a group of 2+ people visiting Italy by car might be cheaper than by public transport (train, bus)
- You have more variety of accommodations to choose from, like, for example, agriturizmi (countryside holiday homes), which can be not only more affordable but also more authentic places to stay. Those are usually accessible only by car.
Cons of driving in Italy
- Some people find driving in Italy for the first time challenging (but it depends on where you drive).
- Petrol is expensive, thus covering long distances will significantly add up to the travel expenses.
- Parking can be a headache when visiting busy places like Rome, Naples, Amalfi Coast, and Florence (driving there is not recommended anyway).
Italian regions to explore by car
- Basilicata: this less-traveled region has some amazing gems like Castelmezzano & Pietrapertosa, the beach town of Maratea, and the cave dwellings of Matera. The sparse public transport here makes a car invaluable.
- Calabria: I explored this region in depth by driving. Apart from the well-connected by trains Tropea, Scilla, and Pizzo, a car is essential to uncover the stunning, less-visited coastal towns and hidden mountain villages of Calabria.
- Campania: I suggest driving to the Cilento coast which offers many intriguing off-the-beaten paths: natural and historic places. It is a cheaper Amalfi Coast alternative without crowds.
- Dolomites: Although buses are available, a car grants the flexibility to easily reach hiking trails, pause at breathtaking viewpoints at your leisure, and capture the perfect sunrise or sunset shots.
- Lake Garda or Lake Como: While not strictly necessary, a car offers independence and ease of exploration.
- Puglia: To see more than just Polignano a Mare, Monopoli and Lecce, you will need to drive. Enjoy driving through the Itria Valley, visiting the white city of Ostuni, Loccorotondo, the trulli of Alberobello, secluded Salento beaches, and the distinct Gargano Peninsula.
- Sardinia: best experienced with a car, this island paradise surprised me with its beaches and less-visited hinterlands.
- Sicily: car is essential for venturing beyond the main cities like Palermo and Catania. Driving here is more straightforward than you might think.
- Tuscany: to immerse yourself in the iconic Tuscan landscapes outside of Florence, Pisa, Lucca, or Siena, a car is your best bet.
- Umbria: explore this quieter cousin of Tuscany by car to discover charming medieval towns scattered throughout the region.
- Valle d’Aosta: This stunning, lesser-known mountainous area in Italy’s north is much more accessible with a car.
- Other regions: Abruzzo, Marche, and Lazio also offer experiences that are significantly enhanced by the freedom a car provides.
Places in Italy where you don’t need a car
- Amalfi Coast: for those not confident behind the wheel, think twice. The SS163 coastal road offers breathtaking views but can be intimidating with its traffic and sharp curves. It’s challenging even for the seasoned driver, with large buses making heart-stopping appearances around tight corners. Additionally, restrictions on rental cars through an alternating license plate system add to the complexity.
- Big cities (Rome, Naples, Milan, Palermo, Catania, Bologna): in these urban centers, it’s best to park your vehicle and switch to walking or public transport. The driving experience in these cities can be overwhelming and unnecessary for getting around.
- Cinque Terre: a car won’t serve you well if you’re sticking to the five iconic villages; trains are a much better option. If you aim to discover more of Liguria beyond, consider renting a car once you’ve explored Cinque Terre’s towns.
- Emilia Romagna: this region’s major cities and towns have excellent train and bus connectivity. You’ll find public transport sufficient unless you’re seeking hidden gems off the typical tourist trail.
- Florence: the birthplace of the Renaissance is best experienced on foot. Driving in Florence can be more trouble than it’s worth, especially since nearby cities like Pisa, Lucca, and Siena are easily accessible by train. Pick up your rental car once you are ready to drive in the Tuscan countryside.
- Puglia: if your itinerary includes only the well-connected cities of Bari, Polignano a Mare, Monopoli, Otranto, Lecce, and Gallipoli, a car might not be necessary.
- Venice: this wonderful city is exclusively pedestrian, making a car not just unnecessary but unusable.
Tips for driving in Italy for the first time (and second, third…)
Renting a car for driving in Italy
1. Where to rent a car for the best rates
On my road trips across Italy, I always book my rental car through Discovercars. It’s a one-stop shop for comparing car rental prices, pulling together offers from a mix of local and international rental services across Italy to guarantee the most competitive rates.
When planning your journey in Italy, booking through Discovercars could reduce your costs by up to 70% compared to standard rates from rental desks or direct company quotes.
Discovercars also provides an economical full coverage option for just about 5-9 EUR daily.
As a backup, I occasionally review rates on Rentalcars, the largest car rental search engine available, known for securing excellent deals from trusted providers. It was my go-to before Discovercars caught my attention.
2. Where to pick up your rental car: airport vs city center
From what I’ve seen many times when searching for a vehicle, picking up a rental car at the airport tends to be a lot less expensive than getting one downtown, sometimes by as much as 50%.
You’ll also find that some rental agencies are not right inside the airport terminal but a short shuttle ride away. These off-terminal agencies often offer even better deals and provide free shuttle service.
When using websites like Discovercars or Rentalcars to book your vehicle, you can filter search results by specific pickup points, such as directly at Naples Airport, anywhere in Naples, or just in the city center.
3. Do you need an International Driving Permit (IDP) to drive in Italy?
To drive in Italy legally, you will need an International Driver’s Permit (IDP), also referred to as International Driving Permit or International Driver’s License if:
- You are not a resident in the EU or UK with a driver’s license issued by the EU or UK;
- Your driving license is in the non-Latin alphabet (Japanese, Cyrillic, Arabic, etc.).
My personal experience: renting a car without IDP in Italy
Don’t overlook the requirement to hold an IDP, even if you encounter somewhat unclear descriptions in the car rental conditions.
Once, I booked a car in Naples with a small local agency. The rental terms regarding the International Driver’s Permit (IDP) were ambiguous, leaving me with the impression that my English-language driver’s license (issued outside the EU) would suffice.
However, upon arrival to pick up the car, the agent requested an IDP, which I didn’t have. They agreed to rent the car to me without the IDP, but I had to sign a document acknowledging that I would be responsible for any fines if stopped by the police.
I was fortunate, as other agencies might not have been willing to rent a vehicle to me at all.
4. Documents required to drive in Italy
These are the documents you have to provide for a car rental agent in Italy:
- A valid driver’s license that has been issued more than a year ago before the rental date (on rare occasions, a company may require a license that is older than 2 years). If your driving license is new, carry the old one to prove your driving experience.
- An International Driving Permit (IDP) will be required if one or both of the below applies: a) the driver’s license is issued outside the EU or UK (Americans, Canadians, Australians, non-EU residents, and residents of other nationalities need IDP); if driver’s license is printed in non-Latin alphabet (Arabic, Cyrillic, Japanese, etc.).
- IDP must be accompanied by the original driving license;
- PHYSICAL valid Credit card (debit car in some cases is accepted) on main driver’s name that will be used to block refundable security deposit (some rental companies require credit card to be valid 3 months after drop off).
- Passport or ID card.
- Car booking voucher.
Accepted types of credit cards:
- Mastercard
- Visa
- AmericanExpress
Rental agencies won’t accept the following types of cards:
- Someone else’s card (including family members)
- Any Revolut Card
- Any virtual payment (e.g. Google Pay, Apple Pay, etc..)
- Any prepaid card
5. Driving age in Italy
In Italy, the minimum legal driving age is 18, but car rental companies often have their age requirements, usually requiring renters to be at least 21 years old. Additionally, drivers under 25 might face a young driver surcharge and could find the selection of available rental cars somewhat restricted.
While some rental agencies impose a maximum age limit for drivers, typically around 70 to 80 years old, it’s not a universal practice. Many companies don’t set an upper age limit, ensuring that older travelers wishing to embark on road trips can do so without worry.
6. What type of car to rent for driving in Italy
For a road trip through Italy, it’s wise to choose a smaller car. The country’s rural roads can be quite narrow, and parking spots tend to be on the smaller side, so a compact car will make driving and parking less of a hassle. Still, make sure your chosen vehicle has enough room for all passengers and their bags. For example, a Fiat 500 works well for two people with a suitcase and several smaller bags, which can be placed on the back seat.
The rental platform like Discovercars will help by showing how much luggage can fit in each model, which is helpful when selecting the right car.
Moreover, cars that are small to medium in size tend to be more fuel-efficient, an important consideration with Italy’s high fuel prices.
Once I had to rent an SUV in Italy as we had a massive bicycle box that had to fit in. I must admit, driving in Tuscany with that car was not much fun, especially when we had to park in tight spaces.
What is it like to drive in Italy: Italian driving culture
7. Is it safe to drive in Italy
From what I’ve experienced, driving in Italy feels pretty safe to me. The roads are generally in good shape and signs are easy to follow. Contrary to what is widely portrayed online, to me it seems that Italian drivers do stick to the rules (maybe not all of them but they do follow the majority of road regulations).
However, I get why some folks might be a bit wary about driving in Italy. The driving style here is a bit more assertive, especially in the busy city centers. Thus, it might take some time to adjust and get into the rhythm of the place. Once you get the hang of it, eventually you will feel safer on the road and you’ll find it’s not as intimidating as it might seem at first glance.
Also, Italian highways, where people tend to speed the most, are now equipped with an innovative speed measurement system called Safety Tutor, which helped reduce driving speeds, and thus accident and mortality rates on Italian roads significantly.
8. Car theft and break-ins- are they common?
Car break-ins do occur in Italy, as I’ve heard from multiple sources. Locals have shared incredible stories of car theft, including instances where thieves arrive with a tow truck and haul away cars as though providing roadside assistance. While this may sound extreme, it doesn’t mean it will necessarily happen to you, so don’t be discouraged from driving in Italy.
Regarding break-ins: while some areas are safer than others, never leave valuables in plain sight inside your car. It’s also wise to avoid leaving anything valuable in the trunk, if possible.
Amongst all the regions, surprisingly, Puglia has the highest rates of car-break-ins and theft. I’ve also read Google reviews describing occurrences in secluded spots on the Gargano Peninsula. We left our Fiat in one of these areas to go hiking and later learned about others who returned to find their car windows shattered and belongings taken. Again, don’t be discouraged but be aware of such a possibility.
9. Is it difficult to drive in Italy?
Driving in Italy isn’t necessarily difficult, but it does require some adjustment, especially if you’re not used to the local driving culture. I have driven in Italy countless times, and for someone who also drives daily in Dubai (which can be pretty hectic), I am bent to say it is generally easy to drive in Italy.
Well apart from some places. For example, in cities, traffic can be dense, and drivers tend to be more aggressive, which might feel overwhelming at first.
However, venture into the countryside, and you immediately will feel at ease. Traffic is sparse in rural areas and you will have generally a relaxed driving experience. However, Italy is known for narrow, winding roads in some rural areas, and steel alleyways in old towns that demand extra attention and skill. Yet it is all doable.
Some of the places that I consider difficult to drive in Italy are the Amalfi Coast with its tight bends and narrow lanes, or Naples, which is another world of madness. Palermo, Catania, Rome, Milan- avoid or minimize driving there too.
10. Italian drivers- are they that bad?
Are Italian drivers as bad as people tend to portray them? No, they are not. On each of the trips to Italy, I observe local drivers trying to confirm the reputation that is attached to them. It seems that people just like to repeat what others say but with a massive exaggeration by those unfamiliar with Italy’s driving culture.
In reality, Italian drivers are quite skilled, navigating the often narrow, winding streets of their country with a confidence born out of necessity. They are indeed adept at handling the high-paced, somewhat aggressive driving style that is characteristic of the region, especially in densely populated cities like Napoli.
Another misconception is that Italians break all the rules. From what I observed, they interpret them in the context of their local driving environment. For instance, speed limits and zebra crossings might be treated more as guidelines. Yet it does not mean they will drive at 180 km per hour in a town, or run over a pedestrian.
Similarly, the use of turn signals can sometimes appear optional, and lane discipline is often flexible, with drivers frequently using the middle of the road to navigate narrow streets.
The local driving style is assertive and requires an understanding of unspoken rules and body language. This reflects the Italian approach to life—direct, passionate, and with a certain flair. Just embrace it and you will soon drive like a local!
11. Notorious motorbikes and careless pedestrians
Vespas (scooters, motorbikes) and pedestrians belong to a slightly different breed within the family of traffic participants. If you’re visiting one of the big cities, you’ll notice a lot of slightly crazy things happening, and if you’re driving, you must watch out for these folks.
Scooters zip through the streets like swarms of bees, buzzing in and out of traffic with agility that defies physics. They drive super close to you, utilizing any available space.
Meanwhile, pedestrians aren’t that innocent either. They claim their right of way by crossing wherever they wish, not necessarily adhering to traffic lines or zebra crossings. Note that this is particularly true for cities (Napoli, and Catania are perfect examples), whereas small towns are much more chilled and you won’t experience this.
12. Entering and exiting roundabouts in Italy
Most visitors, including myself, tend to approach roundabouts with a degree of caution. While Italian drivers often enter roundabouts assertively, disregarding the typical expectation to yield to circulating traffic.
The common European rule mandates that entering traffic must give way to those already in the roundabout. Interestingly, certain areas in Italy, specifically in Puglia, introduce a unique twist with stop signs at roundabouts.
During peak traffic periods, you will have to be a bit assertive to find your moment to join the flow. Additionally, you might be encouraged by a form of honking by the drivers behind you if you are hesitating at a busy roundabout.
13. The art of tailgating and overtaking
Passing other vehicles, even on seemingly too-narrow roads, is a norm in Italy. Additionally, it’s not unusual for cars to tailgate, especially on highways before overtaking you at what feels like a perilously short distance.
There’s no need to panic; while this may sound alarming, it’s a standard aspect of driving here. When you notice someone eager to get ahead, the best response is to safely edge over and allow them to pass.
You might also experience drivers using their high beams to signal you. Having driven in Dubai, where tailgating and the use of high beams are commonplace, I find these practices less frequent in Italy.
14. The habit of gestures and signaling
Italian drivers are known for their expressive use of hand gestures, a silent language conveying everything from gratitude to frustration.
Alongside, honking is an integral part of the driving culture (in some places more than others). Honking is used not just in anger but often to alert others, say hello, or urge hesitating drivers to proceed.
You can use it where necessary too, I definitely love my opportunity to honk when driving.
Roads in Italy
15. Road types in Italy
Italy’s road network hierarchy looks like this:
- Autostrade (Motorways): These high-speed, toll roads are signposted in green and link major cities and regions throughout Italy. Labeled with an “A” and a number (e.g., A1), autostrade supports fast, long-distance journeys with speed limits of up to 130 km/h.
- Strada Statale (State Road): With blue signs and an “SS” designation, strade statali bridge regions and significant towns not covered by autostrade, feature variable speed limits that are generally lower.
- Strade Regionali (Regional Roads): These routes, indicated by white signs and an “SR” prefix, connect smaller towns and are overseen by regional authorities. Speed limits here are tailored to the local traffic environment.
- Strade Provinciali (Provincial Roads): Recognized by white signs and an “SP” prefix, these local roads link villages and smaller towns within provinces and are usually narrower with reduced speed limits.
- Strade Comunali (Municipal Roads): Managed by town or city councils, these roads facilitate local traffic, often winding through residential or urban zones.
16. Road conditions in Italy
While Italy’s roads, especially the highways (autostrade), are generally well-kept and offer smooth driving conditions suitable for high speeds, travelers might find roads in rural or southern areas to be narrower, less maintained, and more challenging, with the occasional presence of potholes and uneven surfaces.
Also, there are many narrow and windy roads all over Italy. People are usually worried about driving those but do not worry, it is not that difficult, especially in areas with little to no traffic.
17. Toll roads in Italy
You will find toll gates on Italy’s autostrade (motorways). As you enter an autostrada, you’ll have to drive through the toll gate and collect a ticket from a machine located at the toll booth.
Keep it until you exit the autostrada, as it determines your toll fee, which is calculated based on the distance you’ve covered.
Usually, you pay when exiting. Although there are some toll gates around Naples where the cost is fixed and paid upfront.
You can pay by cash, credit/debit cards, or via electronic systems like Telepass (automatically deducting toll fees from a pre-linked account). However, you are unlikely to be using Telepass as rental agencies do not provide this option (at least I never came across it). Telepass is usually used by Italian residents.
Therefore, when driving towards the toll gate, don’t take the lane that leads to Telepass marked with large yellow signs.
18. Road signage in Italy
In Italy, road signs are displayed in Latin characters and are bilingual, in Italian and English. They adhere to the Vienna Convention on Road Signs and Signals, featuring a universally recognized system of shapes, colors, and symbols to ensure clarity and uniformity for both local and international drivers.
Here’s a brief rundown of the road sign categories you’ll see:
- Regulatory signs: these include stop signs (red and octagonal), yield signs (white inverted triangle with a red border), and speed limit signs (circular with a red border).
- Warning signs: typically yellow or orange, these triangular signs with a red border warn of potential dangers ahead, like sharp bends, pedestrian zones, and animal crossings.
- Informational signs: offering directions, distances, and facility information, these signs vary in color: blue for motorways, green for primary roads, white for local or city routes, and brown for points of interest.
- Prohibitory signs: circular with a red border, these signs communicate forbidden actions, such as no entry zones (ZTL) or speed restrictions.
- Priority signs: these signs, such as the yellow diamond on a white background, designate the right-of-way at intersections and junctions.
- Additional panels: positioned beneath other signs, they give further details like distances, directions, or specific rules.
Driving in different areas of Italy
19. Driving in big cities
Driving in Italy’s big cities can be a challenging experience, even for experienced drivers, and even more so for new drivers visiting Italy. The streets of cities like Rome, Naples, Palermo, Catania, and Milan buzz with a mix of scooters, cars, and pedestrians, creating a complex environment to navigate.
One major challenge drivers face is the Zona Traffico Limitato (ZTL) – restricted traffic zones where access is controlled by cameras and unauthorized vehicles can incur hefty fines (happened to me).
Additionally, finding parking can be a pain, with limited spaces and strict parking regulations. I experienced it first-hand in Naples, Palermo, and Rome, where I even had to double park for 30 minutes as there was simply nowhere to leave the car.
20. Driving in coastal areas
Driving along Italy’s coastal areas offers breathtaking views and a unique sense of freedom, but in sometimes it comes with its own set of challenges. The roads, particularly along the Amalfi Coast or Cinque Terre, are known for being narrow, winding, and often hugging steep cliffs, demanding full attention and careful maneuvering from the driver.
Moreover, traffic can be heavy in those places, especially during the summer. This can slow down your journeys. In popular areas, parking is also scarce and can be quite expensive.
If you want to avoid the craze of the tourist hotspots in Puglia, Amalfi Coast, or Cinque Terre, consider coastal drives in Calabria or Sicily. Those regions are amazing, have fantastic beaches, beautiful landscapes and are more relaxed when it comes to driving and parking, thanks to fewer tourists.
Yet, you must know that summer brings crowds almost everywhere, especially in southern Italy, making any coastal route busier. For the best experience, aim to visit Italy’s coasts during the shoulder seasons. This way, you’ll enjoy smoother drives, fewer crowds, and great weather.
21. Driving in the mountains
Driving through Italy’s mountainous regions presents a different experience compared to the coastal roads. You perhaps already picture the scenes from the majestic Dolomites and the Alps. Those routes are some of the most jaw-dropping I’ve ever seen, but you will have to tackle some sharp bends, steep inclines, and occasionally narrow roads.
Down in southern Italy, Calabria’s mountain roads lead to National Parks with mysterious towns tucked away on the slopes of cone-shaped cottony hills. While Sicily’s Madonie Mountains also offer a fair share of medieval villages and great hiking trails. Then we have less explored Basilicata which surprised me with its ever-changing landscapes. Especially Maratea where from a chilly mountain village you drive down a windy road and appear at the most amazing beaches.
Challenges when driving in Italian mountains include variable weather conditions that can rapidly change from clear skies to dense fog or even snow. Thus, depending on when you go, you may need even snow chains for your rental car (provided by the car rental company).
Additionally, finding services and fuel stations can be a task in more remote areas.
The rewards, however, are immense, with panoramic views of rugged landscapes, pristine lakes, and quaint villages nestled in valleys.
22. Driving in the Italian countryside
Driving through the Italian countryside, specifically Tuscany, or Itria Valley in Puglia offers an idyllic and tranquil experience, where rolling hills, vineyards, and olive groves will accompany you along the way. Those areas are hilly, but not extreme, and the drive is more relaxed than in the actual mountains.
Expect roads that meander through medieval villages and past ancient ruins. The pace of life here is slower, and you’ll find yourself sharing the road with local farmers and occasional wildlife. However, be prepared for roads that can be narrow and sometimes uneven.
23. Driving in Italy at night
In Italy, lighting on roads at night varies by location. Major highways and roads in urban areas are generally well-lit. Cities and larger towns often have streetlights illuminating most streets, especially main roads and busy areas.
However, in rural areas and on smaller country roads, lighting can be sparse or non-existent, making it more challenging to navigate after dark. Similarly, mountain roads may have limited to no lighting, and it can be really tiring to drive.
I have driven in unlit areas in Italy multiple times, and while roadside reflectors are helpful, it is still a tiring experience, at least for me. Thus I try to minimize driving in Italy at night as much as possible.
24. Driving in Italy in winter: special equipment
Driving in Italy during winter can vary greatly depending on the region, with northern Italy with many areas experiencing snow and ice, particularly in the Alps and the Dolomites, leading to slippery road conditions, and hence you need to be extra careful.
In contrast, southern regions may have milder weather, but unexpected rain can still make roads challenging. Winter driving in Italy often requires cars to be equipped with winter tires or chains, especially in mountainous areas.
When renting a car in Italy, the car hire companies will have winter tires and winter chains ready for the season.
25. Driving in Italy with small kids
When driving in Italy with kids, it’s mandatory to use appropriate child safety seats for children under 150 cm (approximately 4 feet 11 inches) in height. The specific type of car seats (infant carrier, child seat, or booster) must match the child’s weight and height to comply with safety regulations.
Driving laws and road rules in Italy
26. General driving laws in Italy
- In Italy, you drive on the right side, and overtake on the left side.
- Seat belts are mandatory for all passengers, both in the front and back seats.
- The use of handheld mobile phones while driving is prohibited, with hands-free devices being the exception.
- Roundabouts: vehicles inside the roundabout have the right of the way, unless marked otherwise. When exiting roundabout, move to the outer lane.
- Headlights: use dipped headlights during the day on two-lane highways and in poor visibility conditions.
- Children under 150 cm must use an appropriate child restraint system.
27. Notorious ZTL zones in Italy
ZTL zones, or “Zona Traffico Limitato,” are restricted traffic areas found in many Italian historic centers, designed to reduce congestion and pollution by limiting vehicle access. These zones are usually marked by signs that display a red circle indicating prohibited access, along with the letters “ZTL,” and may include specific times and conditions under which access is permitted.
Access to ZTL zones is typically controlled by cameras that automatically register the license plates of unauthorized vehicles entering the zone, leading to fines for violators.
I missed this sign a couple of times in Italy, and, as a result, received a hefty fine of a few hundred euros alongside administration fees after one year of my trip!
28. Speed limits in Italy
- Built-up and urban areas 50 kph (31 mph). NOTE: some villages and towns have areas with maximum speed limit set at 30 kph (18 mph)
- Secondary Roads 90 kph (56 mph) (SS and SP marked roads)
- Main Roads 110 kph (68 mph)
- Motorways/Freeways/Autostrada 130 kph (81 mph) – limits do change on different sections of this type of road.
29. Speed cameras in Italy
In Italy, you may encounter several types of speed cameras:
- Fixed Speed Cameras: these are permanently installed along various parts of the road network, especially on highways and in urban areas. Their locations are often signposted in advance.
- Mobile Speed Cameras: operated by law enforcement, these cameras can be set up temporarily in unmarked vehicles or on tripods by the roadside to catch speed violations in different locations without prior warning.
- Average Speed Cameras (Safety Tutor Systems): installed over a stretch of road or highway, these cameras calculate the average speed of a vehicle between two points. This system helps to ensure drivers maintain a consistent speed over longer distances.
- Traffic Light Cameras: These cameras are placed at intersections to catch vehicles speeding through red lights or committing other traffic violations like illegal turns.
- Orange speed cameras (Velo OK) are found on urban and main suburban roads (as shown in the picture above).
In Italy, you can get away with 5 km per hour or 5% over the posted limit.
30. What is autovelox?
Autovelox is an automatic speed measuring system widely used on Italy’s roads to enforce speed limits and enhance road safety.
Mounted on poles or housed in roadside units, these devices use radar or laser technology to measure the speed of passing vehicles. If a driver exceeds the speed limit, the Autovelox system captures an image of the vehicle and its license plate, leading to a speeding ticket.
The locations of Autovelox cameras are often signposted ahead of time to alert drivers.
31. What is a safety tutor
The Safety Tutor system in Italy is an automated advanced speed measuring system that monitors the average speed of vehicles over a set distance. Unlike traditional speed cameras that capture the speed of a vehicle at a single point, the Safety Tutor system calculates the average speed traveled between two points.
I have seen the signs of this system on different roads in Italy, but mostly they appear on highways where people tend to drive faster than it is allowed.
How Safety Tutor works: when you enter the monitored stretch of road, the system logs its entry time and plate number. Upon exiting, it records the same details again. The system then calculates the average speed by considering the distance covered and the time taken to travel that distance. If the average speed exceeds the legal speed limit for that section of the road, the system automatically generates a speeding violation.
You will see warning signs several hundred meters ahead when approaching Safety Tutor.
Good to know: in case of rain, the speed limit on highways from 130 km/h decreases to 110 km/h or even 90 km/h on some roads. This also reflects on the Safety Tutor system which adjusts to measure speed accordingly.
32. Alcohol consumption when driving
The legal blood alcohol concentration (BAC) limit is 0.5 grams per liter, with stricter limits for new drivers (less than three years of driving experience) at 0.0 grams per liter.
In Italy, the penalties for driving under the influence of alcohol are severe and vary depending on the blood alcohol concentration (BAC) level at the time of the offense:
- For a BAC between 0.5 and 0.8 g/L, fines can range from approximately €500 to €2,000. Offenders may also face a suspension of their driving license for a period of 3 to 6 months.
- If the BAC is between 0.8 and 1.5 g/L, the fines increase to between approximately €800 and €3,200, with a possible license suspension of 6 months to 1 year, and the potential for imprisonment for up to 6 months.
- For a BAC above 1.5 g/L, the situation becomes more serious, with fines ranging from about €1,500 to €6,000, license suspension from 1 to 2 years, and imprisonment from 6 months to 1 year. The driver may also be required to undergo a driver re-education program.
33. Using a mobile phone when driving in Italy
In Italy, drivers are prohibited from holding or using a mobile phone with their hands while driving. This includes making calls, texting, browsing, or any other use that requires physical interaction with the phone.
The law allows for the use of hands-free devices, meaning drivers can use their mobile phones as long as they do not physically hold them. This includes the use of Bluetooth headsets, earpieces, or the car’s built-in hands-free phone systems.
Navigation in Italy: GPS vs Google Maps vs other apps
Google Maps was generally reliable, though it occasionally got confused and directed me onto unnamed or one-way streets, making it difficult to rely on entirely. My most vivid memories of getting lost while using Google Maps are from driving in Palermo. I was led down some unpaved backroads while looking for accommodation and needed help from a local to find it.
One advantage of using Google Maps is its capacity to inform about road closures and traffic accidents. Some fellow travelers advise using WAZE as a superior alternative to Google Maps, though I haven’t personally tested it.
A helpful suggestion: Consider obtaining an eSIM before your trip. I’ve found that securing an eSIM for Italy significantly streamlines the process. For those who need internet access only, it proves to be an ideal option, especially since acquiring a traditional SIM card in Italy has always been a lengthy process for me, typically taking around two hours.
Refueling: gas/ petrol stations in Italy
Gas/petrol stations in Italy are straightforward to find and plentiful. Of course, if you are planning to venture to some remote areas of Italy, it’s a good idea to fill up just in case you don’t come across a petrol station. Yet, along the highways and SS roads, there were many pump stations available.
Below are a few handy tips for refueling in Italy:
- Use Google Maps to find gas stations, you will even be provided with an estimate of the price per liter in a specific station.
- Operating hours are not always 24/7 in smaller towns; some petrol stations close for breaks and on Sundays.
- Know your fuel type: “Benzina” (gasoline/petrol), “Gasolio”(diesel) or “GPL” (gas).
- Choose between self-service (cheaper) and serviced (“Servito”)(when an attendant fills the tank for you).
- Payment is usually possible with cash or credit cards; automated pumps require you to freeze a certain amount on your card (100 EUR or so), and the unused amount is released.
- Always get a receipt for your transaction.
Good to know: petrol prices in Italy can vary significantly from station to station (like 10 EUR center or more per liter).
Petrol prices
Italy has some of the highest petrol/ gas prices in Europe, unfortunately. You can check the up-to-date prices here. On average the petrol price per liter ranges from 1.80EUR-2.20 EUR.
Parking in Italy
34. Types of parking in Italy
Navigating parking in Italy can sometimes be a bit tricky, particularly in the busy city centers and tourist spots where finding a space is like finding a needle in a haystack. Parking zones are typically indicated by color-coded lines:
- Blue lines indicate paid parking lots. You’ll need to get a ticket from a parking meter nearby or use a parking app to cover your parking time.
- White lines indicate free parking spots. Some of them they might come with time limits or require a parking disc to show when you arrived.
- Yellow lines are meant for specific users only, such as local residents, disabled permit holders, or for loading, and are a no-go for general parking.
For a hassle-free option, consider using one of the many parking garages found in bigger cities and tourist hotspots, which can be a safer and sometimes the only choice for parking.
35. Cost of parking in Italy and how to pay
On the street, parking fees might be anywhere from 1 to 3 EUR per hour, depending on the city and specific area. Parking garages, on the other hand, might charge from 2 to 6 EUR per hour, and often have daily rates that could save you some money on extended parking, with rates ranging widely from about 10 EUR to 25 EUR, and even up to 50 EUR per day in prime spots like Positano.
Parking is usually free on Sundays and public holidays, as well as during certain evening hours, though this can differ by place, so always check the signs.
It’s a good idea to have coins on hand for street parking since not all meters take credit cards. Make sure to display your parking ticket under the windshield for visibility.
A convenient payment method is using the EasyPark app, which lets you handle parking fees via your smartphone and stop the parking session whenever you need to.
Note: Although double parking is a common sight in crowded cities such as Naples, Rome, and Palermo, it remains illegal and could lead to fines or your car being towed.
What to do in case of emergency: accident or breakdown
If you encounter an accident or a breakdown with your Italian rental car, start with the following steps can help you manage the situation efficiently:
- If you’re involved in an accident, make sure everyone in the vehicle is okay. Move to a safe location if possible.
- If the car breaks down, turn on your hazard lights immediately. Try to move the car to the side of the road to avoid obstructing traffic.
Call for Assistance
- In case of an emergency, call 112, the pan-European emergency number, available in Italy. Use this if there are injuries or if there’s a significant threat to safety. Other emergency numbers in Italy are 113 for police, 115 for the fire department, and 118 for an ambulance.
- Contact your rental car company immediately. They should provide you with a number for roadside assistance or instructions on what to do in case of an accident or breakdown. They can advise on the next steps, including towing, car replacement, etc.
Document the Incident
- Take photos of the accident scene, all vehicles involved, and any relevant road signs or markings. This documentation can be crucial for insurance claims.
- If another vehicle is involved, exchange contact and insurance information with the other driver.
- For accidents, especially with significant damage or injuries, it’s important to file a police report. The report can be vital for insurance purposes and any legal matters.
- Keep all receipts and documentation related to the incident, including police reports, any communications with the rental company, and expenses incurred. These might be needed for insurance claims or reimbursement.
Contact Insurance
- Notify your rental agency’s insurance and any personal or travel insurance provider you have. They will guide you through their claims process.
Additional Tips
- Emergency Kit: it’s a good idea to check for an emergency roadside kit in your rental car when you first receive it. This should include items like a reflective triangle, vests, and basic tools.
- Italian Roadside Assistance: Know that in Italy, ACI (Automobile Club Italia) provides roadside assistance services, their number is 803.116. Your rental company may coordinate with them for towing or repairs.
Paying road and driving fines in Italy
Paying traffic fines in Italy as a tourist can be a daunting process. But if you get a fine while still in Italy, it is better if you pay ASAP yourself. Otherwise, the car rental agency will charge your credit card (as they have your details) and an administration fee on top. In Italy, fines are commonly issued for parking infractions, exceeding speed limits, or unauthorized entry into ZTL zones (restricted traffic areas).
Unfortunately, many fines in Italy will only come out later, like much later. I experienced this firsthand when I got 2 fines for entering the ZTL zone in Orvieto (yes I did twice LOL). I received a physical letter to my home address in Lithuania about the fine only a year after the trip!
Also, my credit card was charged 97 EUR for administration fees. In my case, I had to pay a 103 euro fine to the bank account indicated on the paper slip that received together with the fine. The letter was in Italian.
- If you receive a fine while still in Italy: in case Italian police stop you and issue a ticket immediately on the spot (like a speeding ticket), or if you got a parking ticket. You can pay fines at a post office using the “bollettino postale” slip attached to your fine notice.
- If you get a fine through the mail, you can contact the car rental agency and see if by any chance it has not been settled yet. Most likely, you will know if your credit card was used or not. In case the payment hasn’t been processed yet, ensure they’re aware of the fine and that it’s valid. Then you might be able to sort it out yourself online.
Many local municipalities in Italy have websites where you can pay fines using a credit card. You’ll need the fine notice, which contains necessary details like the ticket number and payment codes. Just like in my case, the notice will also include information for a bank transfer, including the IBAN and BIC/SWIFT codes of the municipality’s bank account. Make sure to include the ticket number in the transfer description.
Good to know: paying your fine promptly, typically within 5 days of receiving the notice, can often result in a discounted rate (my ZTL fine would have been reduced 30% if payment was handled on time).
Remember, traffic laws and payment processes can vary slightly from one Italian region to another, so it’s important to follow the specific instructions provided on your fine notice.
Useful Italian phrases for driving in Italy
- Parcheggio – Parking
- Parcheggio a pagamento- Paid parking
- Parcheggio gratuito – Free parking
- Pedaggio – Toll
- Casello autostradale – Toll booth
- Area di servizio – Service area/rest stop
- Stazione di Servizio – Gas station/ petrol station
- Benzina- petrol/gasoline
- Gasolio- diesel
- Autonoleggio – Car rental
- Controllo electronic della velocita – speed camera
- Incrocio – Intersection/Crossroads
- Rotonda – Roundabout
- Semaforo – Traffic lights
- Deviazione – Detour
- Zona pedonale – Pedestrian zone
- Zona a traffico limitato (ZTL) – Limited Traffic Zones
- Autostrada- motorway
- Patente- driving license
- Assicurazione- insrurance
- Entrata- entrance
- Uschita- exit
Driving in Italy FAQ
Can tourists drive in Italy?
Yes, tourists can drive in Italy provided they have a valid driving license from their home country and, for non-EU license holders, an International Driving Permit (IDP).
Is it a good idea to rent a car in Italy?
Renting a car in Italy is a great idea if you want the flexibility to explore rural areas, small towns, and regions not well-served by public transport.
Is driving in Italy the same as in the US?
Driving in Italy differs from the United States in terms of road rules, speed limits, and driving behavior. Italians also drive on the right side of the road, but the style and road signs may take some time getting used to.
Is it difficult for Americans to drive in Italy?
Americans might find driving in Italy challenging at first, particularly due to different road etiquettes, manual transmission cars, and navigating historic city centers.
Can I drive in Italy with a US driver’s license?
Yes, Americans can drive in Italy with a valid US driver’s license and an International Driving Permit.
How much is a rental car in Italy?
Rental car prices in Italy vary widely, starting from about €15 per day for a small car, depending on the season, car size, and rental duration. However, car rental rate can be as low as 5 EUR per day off-season, and also as high as 30+ EUR during high season.
Can you turn right on red light in Italy?
Turning right on red is not allowed in Italy unless there’s a specific green arrow signal permitting it.
What happens if you get pulled over in Italy?
If pulled over, you should present your documents, including your driver’s license, IDP, and rental papers, to the officer and comply with their instructions.
Can I drive in Italy without using the Autostrada or toll roads?
Yes, you can explore Italy using secondary roads without tolls, offering scenic routes but potentially longer travel times.
Are speeding tickets common in Italy?
Speeding tickets are common in Italy, enforced by speed cameras and traffic police, especially on highways and in ZTL zones.
Is it illegal to drive in flip flops in Italy?
While not specifically illegal, driving in flip flops can be considered unsafe and might result in fines if deemed to impair driving ability.
Final thoughts on driving in Italy
I hope you found this driving in Italy guide useful and are prepared to hit the road. As we conclude, here are some essential takeaways before you drive in Italy:
- Driving in Italy might be easier than you’ve heard. Adjusting to the faster pace of city driving takes some time, while navigating the countryside is usually simpler due to much less traffic.
- For the best car rental rates, consider booking through Discovercars. My experiences with rental agencies on this platform have always been positive, offering savings on rental fees and options for comprehensive coverage.
- Choosing a smaller vehicle will make navigating roads and squeezing into tight parking spaces easier.
- Road conditions in Italy are generally good but be prepared for plenty of narrow and winding roads during your journey through rural, coastal and mountain areas.
- Avoid driving in large Italian cities like Naples, Palermo, Rome, Milan, and Catania, and carefully consider whether driving on the Amalfi Coast is worth it, despite being a once-in-a-lifetime experience.
More Italy travel guides
Calabria travel guides
- Travel tips for visiting Calabria, Italy.
- Driving in Calabria tips
- Most beautiful coastal towns in Calabria.
- Must-Know Tips for Renting a Car in Naples and Driving in Southern Italy.
- Naples to Calabria 10-day road trip itinerary.
- The best things to do in Tropea, Italy.
- Guide to Scilla & Chianalea– the most beautiful coastal towns in Calabria, Italy.
- Guide to Arco Magno Beach in San Nicola Arcella, Calabria.
- Visit Diamante, Calabria: the town of murals and pepperoncini.
- Best things to do in Pizzo, Calabria: the hometown of Tartufo ice cream
- Is Calabria safe? Useful safety tips from frequent visitor
Campania travel guides
- Thinking of renting a car in Naples? Use my Must-Know Tips for Renting a Car in Naples and Driving in Southern Italy.
- Where to stay in Naples: the best neighborhoods and accommodation options in Naples, Italy.
- Plan your day in Naples with my 1-Day in Naples Itinerary.
- Plan your two days in Naples with a 2 day Napoli, Italy itinerary.
- Is Naples worth visiting?
- Perfect 2-day Amalfi Coast itinerary
- Driving the Amalfi Coast: is it worth it? PROS & CONS
- The best towns on the Amalfi Coast + map
- Guide to Vietri sul Mare, the capital of ceramics, Amalfi Coast
- 10 Things to do in Atrani, Italy: Amalfi Coast’s hidden gem
- How to get from Naples to Amalfi Coast: complete guide
- Path of the Gods hiking guide (Sentiero degli Dei)
- Is Positano worth visiting?
- How to visit Procida Island from Naples + things to do in Procida
- Naples to Calabria 10-day road trip itinerary
Puglia travel guides
- Driving in Puglia, Italy: essential tips for a road trip
- Renting a car in Puglia: what you need to know
- Most beautiful coastal towns in Puglia, Italy
- Airports in Puglia: how to reach Puglia by air
- Where to stay in Puglia as a base
- 2 weeks in Puglia itinerary
Sicily travel guides
- Useful Tips for Renting a Car in Sicily and Driving Stress-Free
- Renting a car in Catania, Sicily
- Renting a car in Palermo: what you need to know
- Epic Road Trip for 2-weeks in Sicily itinerary
- Essential Sicily Travel Tips.
- 21 spectacular places to visit in Sicily
- How to visit Favignana island, Sicily
- Guide to hiking Lo Zingaro Nature Reserve
- Visit Gangi mountain town in Sicily
- The most beautiful small coastal towns and fishing villages in Sicily.
- The most charming mountain towns in Sicily.
- Which is better: Amalfi Coast or Sicily?
- Is Sicily safe? Areas to avoid and safety tips by a regular visitor.
- Airports in Sicily Italy: which one you should fly to?
Italy travel resources
Here are links to essential travel resources and services I always use when organizing my trips.