Duke of Holstein-Gottorp
Dynasty of German earls / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Holstein-Gottorp (pronounced [ˌʃleːsvɪç ˈhɔlʃtaɪn] ⓘ) is the historiographical name, as well as contemporary shorthand name, for the parts of the duchies of Schleswig and Holstein, also known as Ducal Holstein, that were ruled by the dukes of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp, a side branch of the elder Danish line of the German House of Oldenburg. Other parts of the duchies were ruled by the kings of Denmark.
Duchy of Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorp | |
|---|---|
| 1544–1773 | |
.svg) Merchant Ensign of Holstein-Gottorp
 Coat of arms
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.svg) | |
| Status | Duchy (originally as an Appanage) |
| Capital | Schleswig |
| Ethnic groups | Germans, Danes |
| Government | |
• Duke | Adolf I (First) |
• Duke | Paul I (last) |
| Establishment | 1544 |
| History | |
• Second partitioning of Schleswig-Holstein | 1544 |
| 1720 | |
| 1773 | |
• Established | 1544 |
• Disestablished | 1773 |
| Today part of | |
| House of Holstein-Gottorp Huset Holsten-Gottorp (Danish) | |
|---|---|
| |
| Parent house | House of Oldenburg |
| Country | |
| Etymology | From Holstein region and Gottorf Castle, Schleswig |
| Founded | 1544 (1544) |
| Founder | Adolf of Denmark |
| Current head | Christian, Duke of Oldenburg |
| Final ruler |
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| Titles | List
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| Estate(s) |
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| Deposition |
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| Cadet branches | |
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The territories of Gottorp are located in present-day Denmark and Germany. The main seat of the dukes was Gottorf Castle in the city of Schleswig in the duchy of Schleswig. It is also the name of the ducal house, which ascended to several thrones. For this reason, genealogists and historians sometimes use the name of Holstein-Gottorp for related dynasties of other countries.
The formal title adopted by these rulers was "Duke of Schleswig, Holstein, Dithmarschen and Stormarn", but that title was also used by his kinsmen, the kings of Denmark and their cadet branches, as it was the common property of all these agnates. The Gottorp branch held Landeshoheit (territorial superiority) over the duchy of Holstein in the Holy Roman Empire and over the duchy of Schleswig in the kingdom of Denmark.[citation needed] For the sake of convenience, the name Holstein-Gottorp is used instead of the technically more correct "Duke of Schleswig and Holstein in/at Gottorp".[citation needed]
The oldest of the ducal titles was that of Schleswig, which had been confirmed in fief to a royal kinsman by the regent Queen Margaret I of Denmark, Sweden and Norway in 1386 on behalf of her son, Olaf II of Denmark. The kings of Denmark were granted Holstein as an imperial fief by the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick III in 1474.