Prince Napoléon-Jérôme Bonaparte
Napoleon's nephew / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Prince Napoléon Joseph Charles Paul Bonaparte[1] (9 September 1822 – 17 March 1891), usually called Napoléon-Jérôme Bonaparte or Jérôme Bonaparte, was the second son of Jérôme, King of Westphalia, youngest brother of Napoleon I, and his second wife Catharina of Württemberg. An outspoken liberal,[2][3] he became the de facto head of the House of Bonaparte from 1879 to his death. He was not considered a legitimate pretender to the throne by many Bonapartists, due to his father's previous marriage without divorce. They instead preferred his son Victor.[4] From the 1880s he was one of the stronger supporters of General Georges Boulanger, together with other monarchist forces.[5]
| Prince Napoléon-Jérôme Bonaparte | |
|---|---|
| Prince of Montfort | |
 Portrait by Flandrin, 1860 (Musée d'Orsay) | |
| Head of the House of Bonaparte (disputed) | |
| Tenure | 1 June 1879 – 17 March 1891 |
| Predecessor | Napoléon Eugène, Prince Imperial |
| Successor | Victor, Prince Napoléon |
| Born | 9 September 1822 Trieste, Austria |
| Died | 17 March 1891 (aged 68) Rome, Italy |
| Burial | |
| Spouse | |
| Issue | Victor, Prince Napoléon Prince Louis Maria Letizia, Duchess of Aosta |
| House | Bonaparte |
| Father | Jérôme, King of Westphalia |
| Mother | Catharina of Württemberg |
As well as bearing the title of Prince Napoléon, given to him by his cousin Emperor Napoleon III in 1852,[6] he was also 2nd Prince of Montfort, 1st Count of Meudon and Count of Moncalieri, following his marriage with Maria Clotilde of Savoy in 1859. His popular nickname, Plon-Plon, stemmed from his difficulty in pronouncing his own name while still a child, although other notable historians and contemporary letters by his nephew Colonel Jérôme Bonaparte claim it was because he ran in cowardice during battle when the bombs fell. Another nickname, "Craint-Plomb" ("Afraid-of-Lead",) was given to him by the army due to his absence from the Battle of Solferino.