Examples of de facto
These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors.
With selective re-centralization measures, de facto federalism is gradually being institutionalized.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
The main problem in implementing the gas directive is the position of statutory or de facto monopolies in gas transmission.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
The second source is owned de jure by the state but where households de facto utilize the area without due concern for ownership.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
Allowing water to be traded in an irrigation system with de facto riparian rights can increase the efficiency of water use.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
Many congregations, for instance, developed a complex hierarchy of offices, which de facto seemed less personalized than those of the state.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
Compared to de facto federalism, the advantages of federalism are obvious.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
At the same time, judicial review tends to contribute to a creeping supranationalisation of both de facto and de jure competences.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
In this case, the decision to wait for other secondary data is de facto judged as more attractive than investing resources to collect these data.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
It was de facto multidisciplinary in character and employed engineers together with scientists of diverse backgrounds.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
They speak to the nature of the criteria, not to their de facto status in particular instances.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
Subjects obeyed de facto holders of power in exchange for protection.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
Although strong enough to withstand it domestically, his influence as the de facto foreign minister of the country was eroded.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
Legitimate authorities change protected reasons; merely de facto authorities do not (though they purport to change or are taken to change protected reasons).
From the Cambridge English Corpus
Com members assumed that the amicable relations between the two regimes assured them of a de facto dual citizenship. 19.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
The governments cannot enforce the original status quo, as the most integrationist government is indifferent between the de facto operation and the de jure rules.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
This varies from de jure recognition (by a small number of countries) to de facto informal linkages.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
However, the normative and the social logic are de facto not mutually exclusive.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
Some outcome is always, de facto, the default outcome that will obtain in the absence of a special majority for doing something else.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
This guiding principle ignores the de facto inequality between men and women (evident in caring work) and makes no attempts to compensate for past discrimination.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
It therefore seems likely to become the de facto test system for evaluation of such approaches to understanding channel structure-function relationships.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
Arguably they are therefore subject to de facto detention but have no automatic right of appeal to a court or other appropriate tribunal for review.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
The switch from a de facto unconditional indexation towards a solvency-contingent indexation may be seen as a welfare loss for optimising individuals.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
This ambiguity is not neutral; it amounts to a de facto preference for domesticated pragmatism, and has so been understood by most contemporary readers.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
These pressures would be absent under authoritarian government, when subnational officials serve at the pleasure of de facto authorities at the centre.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
As healthcare is increasingly a business dominated by market forces, the libertarian perspective has assumed a strong de facto position in distributive justice decisions.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
Not that rulers, whether de facto or constitutional, could simply impose their own versions of urban iconography upon a passive population.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
In reality, each collective unit exercised a sort of use right to its local portion of the de facto nationalized farmland.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
It is argued that the present de facto water rights system not only distorts resource allocation but also leads to negative equity and ecological effects.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
These rules either confirm de facto rules or raise conflicts to be solved locally.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
Each of these claims was to be similarly taken up and developed by other de facto theorists.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
Though they are told by some particular person (s), stories and their "authors" demonstrate their own de facto grounding within cultures and institutions.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
This should be of no surprise because these preferential areas, as they were defined, de facto provided for a superior training set.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
Retirement ages now vary greatly, however, and de facto the age of retirement in advanced capitalist countries shows considerable flexibility.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
Yet the majority of these middle-class children continue to attend de facto segregated schools just as do their working-class counterparts.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
I do not claim that this de facto strategy was deliberately planned, though it may have been.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
In that scenario, the de facto default becomes folk music, where we endlessly 'strip the willow' in a world the economy never reaches.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
Unfortunately, none of these approaches led to the release of an acknowledged de facto standard.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
Epizootics of previously undocumented parasites should not, de facto, be considered introduced species just because they are associated with the introduction of exotic hosts.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
The paramilitaries are a cheap source of de facto security and summary justice.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
Someone can also be a de facto authority for some y without having the knowledge normally connected with authority.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
Another familiar phenomenon is the often unforeseeable victory of a de facto standard over the official version.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
Is it plausible to uphold a strong version of the duties of citizenship in a de facto multicultural society?
From the Cambridge English Corpus
Local governments became de facto owners of state enterprises.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
This is because the leadership is not entirely convinced of the merits of moving beyond de facto federalism to de jure federalism.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
When it then comes to changing the constitution, these de facto interpretations are codified, and so on.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
One comprised the irrigated plots that, de facto, belonged to individual families where usufruct rights were handed down from parents to children.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
The de facto government meant that the entrepreneurs would find new channels of communication with the executive.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
I think de facto all this e-commerce stuff, all the information revolution around it, is an important contributing factor.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
Neopatrimonial and political demands can still be fulfilled through tax exemptions and the de facto non-taxation of the informal sector.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
The competitiveness is also improved if there are no large tracts of de facto open access forests around.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
It is, however, our de facto standard; all other implementations should give the same results.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
But we had so much bureaucratic resistance that that didn't happen de jure, but de facto it has happened to some degree.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
In a country undergoing rapid macro-economic de jure and de facto ' liberalisation ', making such determinations is particularly difficult.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
In return, this situation represented a de facto monopoly of this laboratory on vaccine production and commercialization.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
When the duration of de facto marriage is controlled, divorcing couples have a higher rate of fertility than that found within those who remain married.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
When, however, the census women are standardized for de facto duration, their proportion infertile appears as 27-9%.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
With unfunded mandates, expenditure autonomy becomes a non-issue, as the freedom to spend is eliminated de facto by a lack of funds.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
In early 1990 the government announced new economic policies and decentralisation, which de facto put an end to villagisation.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
From the mid-1980s, with food market liberalisation, the de facto dominance of private traders in the beans market was legalised.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
This endowed them with de facto responsibilities in the government of the church.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
This method ignores long-term production losses and, hence, leads to very low indirect costs, de facto limiting possible cost offsets.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
None claim, however, to have identified a comprehensive or fully up-to-date list of de facto ' retired ' or permanently resident individuals.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
It is by observing and analyzing scientific controversies that the de facto nature of the workings of scientific rationality (or irrationality) can be determined.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
Our analysis of these variables also underscores the importance of non-statutory factors in influencing the de facto degree of central bank independence.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
Many of the childless or de facto childless men had a wife to rely on.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
It is also the de facto official language in the commercial sector.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
Xate a can therefore be considered de facto as an unmanaged common property resource.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
Thus, de facto riparian water rights have become the norm.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
In ways the importance of which will appear shortly, ' hierarchy ' becomes the de facto theme of the book.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
A common de facto policy is that individuals who are treated by practitioners must "have" a disorder themselves if the service is to be reimbursed.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
In this case, de facto and de jure recognition should be provisional and capable of being withdrawn unless the state can withstand the test.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
In addition to the accommodating stance of developed countries and the elimination of de facto status, items on the negotiating agenda motivated participation.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
As expected, fertility of women in de facto unions is lower than that of women in formal marriages.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
The illegal practice of sharing the commission was a loophole in the system that allowed workers de facto access to a modest lump-sum.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
But regulations have the de facto impact of making it easier to retire early if you annuitize.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
Indeed, it is, by hypothesis, these gestures' very incompatibility that may be contributing to their de facto sequencing.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
Our analysis modifies the idea that an agency must be de facto in complete charge of a programme.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
This approach takes advantage of the cell's natural assembly processes and the de facto provision of the required pigments (and lipids).
From the Cambridge English Corpus
This outcome is then preferred by all the governments to the de facto operation, and is hence adopted.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
As long as federalism cannot be legitimized ideologically, a transition from de facto to de jure federalism is unlikely to take place.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
Nevertheless, without great political initiatives, central-local relations will remain de facto federalism rather than federalism.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
In his view, de facto private possession prevailed and land was quite freely alienable.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
Those cases that could not be followed after their registration and offspring of illegal marriages, were excluded except for de facto marriages.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
This was of crucial importance, as the route of de facto unconditionally financing the state through external funds was now closed.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
And it also has a history of de facto political exclusion through electoral fraud, elitist political pact or assassination.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
The acquisition piecemeal of all of the assets of such a corporation would be a de facto merger, although not a de jure merger.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
This de facto separation of the purchasing and providing roles, however, tended not to be used to promote efficiency and quality.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
Nevertheless, the institutionalization of de facto federalism is also likely to render the political system rigid.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
For this group the proportion infertile was 23-7%, and in 800 cases the de facto duration was known.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
The same confidence was again echoed by other theorists of de facto rule.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
The forests were treated as de facto private property of the landlords.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
As an example, with amplitude followers, the time-window of the sample averaging process becomes de facto the sample rate of the generated control signals.
From the Cambridge English Corpus
These examples are from corpora and from sources on the web. Any opinions in the examples do not represent the opinion of the Cambridge Dictionary editors or of Cambridge University Press or its licensors.
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