Frases de John Locke (187 citações) | Citações e frases famosas

Frases de John Locke

John Locke foi um filósofo inglês e ideólogo do liberalismo, sendo considerado o principal representante do empirismo britânico e um dos principais teóricos do contrato social .

Locke rejeitava a doutrina das ideias inatas e afirmava que todas as nossas ideias tinham origem no que era percebido pelos sentidos. A filosofia da mente de Locke é frequentemente citada como a origem das concepções modernas de identidade e do "Eu". O conceito de identidade pessoal, seus conceitos e questionamentos figuraram com destaque na obra de filósofos posteriores, como David Hume, Jean-Jacques Rousseau e Kant. Locke foi o primeiro a definir o "si mesmo" através de uma continuidade de consciência. Ele postulou que a mente era uma lousa em branco . Em oposição ao Cartesianismo, ele sustentou que nascemos sem ideias inatas, e que o conhecimento é determinado apenas pela experiência derivada da percepção sensorial .

Locke escreveu o Ensaio acerca do Entendimento Humano, onde desenvolve sua teoria sobre a origem e a natureza do conhecimento. Suas ideias ajudaram a derrubar o absolutismo na Inglaterra. Locke dizia que todos os homens, ao nascer, tinham direitos naturais - direito à vida, à liberdade e à propriedade. Para garantir esses direitos naturais, os homens haviam criado governos. Se esses governos, contudo, não respeitassem a vida, a liberdade e a propriedade, o povo tinha o direito de se revoltar contra eles. As pessoas podiam contestar um governo injusto e não eram obrigadas a aceitar suas decisões.

Dedicou-se também à filosofia política. No Primeiro Tratado sobre o Governo Civil, critica a tradição que afirmava o direito divino dos reis, declarando que a vida política é uma invenção humana, completamente independente das questões divinas. No Segundo Tratado sobre o Governo Civil, expõe sua teoria do Estado liberal e a propriedade privada.

✵ 29. Agosto 1632 – 28. Outubro 1704
John Locke photo

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John Locke: 187 citações310 Curtidas

John Locke Frases famosas

“As ações dos homens são as melhores intérpretes de seus pensamentos.”

—  John Locke, livro Ensaio acerca do Entendimento Humano

citado em "Dicionário Locke‎" - Página 25, de John W Yolton - Publicado por Jorge Zahar Editor Ltda, 1996, ISBN 8571103615, 9788571103610
the actions of men the best interpreters of their thoughts.
An Essay Concerning Human Understanding: With the Author's Last Additions ...‎ - Página 33 http://books.google.com.br/books?id=r8YIAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA33, de John Locke, J F Dove, Thomas James Cobden-Sanderson - Publicado por Printed and sold by J.F. Dove, 1828 - 590 páginas
Variante: Sempre considerei as acções dos homens como as melhores intérpretes dos seus pensamentos.

“Uma coisa é demonstrar a um homem que ele está errado, outra é colocá-lo de posse da verdade.”

—  John Locke, livro Ensaio acerca do Entendimento Humano

But it is one thing to show a man that he is in an error, and another to put him in possession of truth
An Essay Concerning Human Understanding‎ - Página 463 http://books.google.com.br/books?id=YxwGAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA463, de John Locke - Publicado por W. Tegg, 1849 - 564 páginas
Variante: Uma coisa é mostrar a um homem que ele está errado e outra coisa é instruí-lo com a Verdade.

“Não se revolta um povo inteiro senão quando a opressão é geral.”

—  John Locke

John Locke citado em "Dicionário de pensamentos: máximas, aforismos, paradoxos, provérbios, etc ..." - Página 370, ‎de Folco Masucci - Publicado por Ed. Leia, 1968 - 685 páginas
Citações Atribuidas

Citações de homens de John Locke

Frases sobre a liberdade de John Locke

“Um filho herda a mesma liberdade do pai; e a mesma compreensão, que o orientará até que alcance a sua própria.”

—  John Locke

(Capitulo VI) #61
Segundo Tratado do Governo

John Locke frases e citações

“Ler fornece conhecimento à mente. Pensar incorpora o que lemos.”

—  John Locke

Reading fumishes the mind only with materials of knowledge; it is thinking that what we read ours
John Locke citado em "The Progress of education‎" - Página 245, Publicado por P. B. Kulkarni, 1970
Citações Atribuidas

“As novas opiniões são sempre suspeitas e geralmente opostas, por nenhum outro motivo além do fato de ainda não serem comuns.”

—  John Locke

Variante: As novas opiniões são sempre suspeitas e geralmente opostas, por nenhum outro motivo além do facto de ainda não serem comuns.

“Quando não há mais motivos, a continuação de costumes pode nos levar a absurdos grosseiros.”

—  John Locke

(Capítulo XIII) #157
Segundo Tratado do Governo

“O prazer e a dor e os que os produz, o saber, o bem e o mal, são os eixos em que assentam todas as nossas paixões.”

—  John Locke

Variante: O prazer e a dor, e os que os produzem, o bem e o mal, são os eixos em que assentam todas as nossas paixões.

“É o trabalho que faz toda diferença.”

—  John Locke

(CAPÍTULO V) #43
Segundo Tratado do Governo

“(…) todo homem livre da Carolina deve ter absoluto poder e autoridade sobre seus escravos negros seja qual for sua opinião e religião.”

—  John Locke

In The Fundamental Constitutions of Carolina (1669) in Political Writings, (org.) David Wooton, Penguin Books, London-New York, p. 196 (art. CX) apud Losurdo, Dominico in Contra-História do Liberalismo, 2006, p. 15.

“(…) os papistas são como serpentes, nunca vai se conseguir com um tratamento gentil que abram mão de seu veneno" in "An Essay Concerning Toleration”

—  John Locke

1667), in Political Writings, (org.) David Wooton, Penguin Books, London-New York, 1993, p. 202 apud Losurdo, Dominico in Contra-História do Liberalismo, 2006, p. 37.

“Abandonando a razão, que é a regra dada entre homem e homem, e usando a força, à maneira das bestas, ele se torna sujeito a ser destruído por aquele contra quem ele usa força, como qualquer voraz besta selvagem que é perigosa a sua pessoa.”

—  John Locke, livro Dois Tratados sobre o Governo

For quitting reason, which is the rule given between man and man, and using force, the way of beasts, he becomes liable to be destroyed by him he uses force against, as any savage ravenous beast that is dangerous to his being.
Two Treatises of Government‎ - Página 239 http://books.google.com/books?id=K1UBAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA239, de John Locke - Publicado por Printed for C. and J. Rivington, 1824 - 277 páginas
Segundo Tratado do Governo

“E acumular mais do que podia usar ou consumir era mesmo uma tolice, um verdadeiro ato de desonestidade.”

—  John Locke

(Capítulo V) #46
Segundo Tratado do Governo

Esta tradução está aguardando revisão. Está correcto?
Esta tradução está aguardando revisão. Está correcto?

John Locke: Frases em inglês

“Reading furnishes the mind only with materials of knowledge; it is thinking that makes what we read ours.”

—  John Locke

As quoted in "Hand Book : Caution and Counsels" in The Common School Journal Vol. 5, No. 24 (15 December 1843) by Horace Mann, p. 371
Contexto: This is that which I think great readers are apt to be mistaken in; those who have read of everything, are thought to understand everything too; but it is not always so. Reading furnishes the mind only with materials of knowledge; it is thinking that makes what we read ours. We are of the ruminating kind, and it is not enough to cram ourselves with a great load of collections; unless we chew them over again, they will not give us strength and nourishment.

“There cannot be a greater rudeness, than to interrupt another in the current of his discourse”

—  John Locke, livro Some Thoughts Concerning Education

Sec. 145
Some Thoughts Concerning Education (1693)
Contexto: There cannot be a greater rudeness, than to interrupt another in the current of his discourse... To which, if there be added, as is usual, a correcting of any mistake, or a contradiction of what has been said, it is a mark of yet greater pride and self-conceitedness, when we thus intrude our selves for teachers, and take upon us either to set another right in his story, or shew the mistakes of his judgement.

“The Indians, whom we call barbarous, observe much more decency and civility in their discourses and conversation”

—  John Locke, livro Some Thoughts Concerning Education

Sec. 145
Some Thoughts Concerning Education (1693)
Contexto: The Indians, whom we call barbarous, observe much more decency and civility in their discourses and conversation, giving one another a fair silent hearing till they have quite done; and then answering them calmly, and without noise or passion. And if it be not so in this civiliz'd part of the world, we must impute it to a neglect in education, which has not yet reform'd this antient piece of barbarity amongst us.

“Virtue is harder to be got than knowledge of the world”

—  John Locke, livro Some Thoughts Concerning Education

Sec. 70
Some Thoughts Concerning Education (1693)
Contexto: Virtue is harder to be got than knowledge of the world; and, if lost in a young man, is seldom recovered.

“Freedom of Nature is, to be under no other restraint but the Law of Nature.”

—  John Locke, livro Dois Tratados sobre o Governo

Second Treatise of Civil Government, Ch. IV, sec. 21
Two Treatises of Government (1689)
Contexto: Freedom of Men under Government is, to have a standing Rule to live by, common to every one of that Society, and made by the Legislative Power erected in it; a Liberty to follow my own Will in all things, where the Rule prescribes not; and not to be subject to the inconstant, uncertain, unknown, Arbitrary Will of another Man: as Freedom of Nature is, to be under no other restraint but the Law of Nature.

“Men being, as has been said, by nature, all free, equal and independent, no one can be put out of this estate, and subjected to the political power of another, without his own consent.”

—  John Locke, livro Dois Tratados sobre o Governo

Second Treatise of Government, Ch. VIII, sec. 95
Two Treatises of Government (1689)

“For as these are different in him, so are your methods to be different, and your authority must”

—  John Locke, livro Some Thoughts Concerning Education

Sec. 102
Some Thoughts Concerning Education (1693)
Contexto: Begin therefore betimes nicely to observe your son's temper; and that, when he is under least restraint, in his play, and as he thinks out of your sight. See what are his predominate passions and prevailing inclinations; whether he be fierce or mild, bold or bashful, compassionate or cruel open or reserv'd, &c. For as these are different in him, so are your methods to be different, and your authority must hence take measures to apply itself different ways to him. These native propensities, these prevalencies of constitution, are not to be cur'd by rules, or a direct contest, especially those of them that are the humbler or meaner sort, which proceed from fear, and lowness of spirit: though with art they may be much mended, and turn'd to good purposes. But this be sure, after all is done, the bypass will always hang on that side that nature first plac'd it: And if you carefully observe the characters of his mind, now in the first scenes of his life, you will ever after be able to judge which way his thoughts lean, and what he aims at even hereafter, when, as he grows up, the plot thickens, and he puts on several shapes to act it.

“The scene should be gently open'd”

—  John Locke, livro Some Thoughts Concerning Education

Sec. 94
Some Thoughts Concerning Education (1693)
Contexto: The scene should be gently open'd, and his entrance made step by step, and the dangers pointed out that attend him from several degrees, tempers, designs, and clubs of men. He should be prepared to be shocked by some, and caress'd by others; warned who are like to oppose, who to mislead, who to undermine him, and who to serve him. He should be instructed how to know and distinguish them; where he should let them see, and when dissemble the knowledge of them and their aims and workings.

“That force is to be opposed to nothing, but to unjust and unlawful force.”

—  John Locke, livro Dois Tratados sobre o Governo

Second Treatise of Government, Ch. XVIII, sec. 204
Two Treatises of Government (1689)
Contexto: To this I answer: That force is to be opposed to nothing, but to unjust and unlawful force. Whoever makes any opposition in any other case, draws on himself a just condemnation, both from God and man…

“He that would seriously set upon the search of truth, ought in the first place to prepare his mind with a love of it. For he that loves it not, will not take much pains to get it; nor be much concerned when he misses it.”

—  John Locke, livro Ensaio acerca do Entendimento Humano

Book IV, Ch. 19 : Of Enthusiasm (Chapter added in the fourth edition).
Variant paraphrase, sometimes cited as a direct quote: One unerring mark of the love of truth is not entertaining any proposition with greater assurance than the proofs it is built upon will warrant.
As paraphrased in Peter's Quotations : Ideas for our Time (1979) by Laurence J. Peter, p. 500; also in The Demon-Haunted World : Science as a Candle in the Dark (1994) by Carl Sagan, p. 64
An Essay Concerning Human Understanding (1689)
Contexto: He that would seriously set upon the search of truth, ought in the first place to prepare his mind with a love of it. For he that loves it not, will not take much pains to get it; nor be much concerned when he misses it. There is nobody in the commonwealth of learning who does not profess himself a lover of truth: and there is not a rational creature that would not take it amiss to be thought otherwise of. And yet, for all this, one may truly say, that there are very few lovers of truth, for truth's sake, even amongst those who persuade themselves that they are so. How a man may know whether he be so in earnest, is worth inquiry: and I think there is one unerring mark of it, viz. The not entertaining any proposition with greater assurance than the proofs it is built upon will warrant. Whoever goes beyond this measure of assent, it is plain receives not the truth in the love of it; loves not truth for truth's sake, but for some other bye-end.

“He that will have his son have a respect for him and his orders, must himself have a great reverence for his son.”

—  John Locke, livro Some Thoughts Concerning Education

Sec. 71; Note: Here Locke quotes Juvenal
Some Thoughts Concerning Education (1693)
Contexto: He that will have his son have a respect for him and his orders, must himself have a great reverence for his son. Maxima debetur pueris reverentia [The greatest respect is owed to the children].

“None of the things they learn, should ever be”

—  John Locke, livro Some Thoughts Concerning Education

Sec. 73
Some Thoughts Concerning Education (1693)
Contexto: None of the things they learn, should ever be made a burthen to them, or impos's on them as a task. Whatever is so proposed, presently becomes irksome; the mind takes an aversion to it, though before it were a thing of delight or indifferency. Let a child but be ordered to whip his top at a certain time every day, whether he has or has not a mind to it; let this be but requir'd of him as a duty, wherein he must spend so many hours morning and afternoon, and see whether he will not soon be weary of any play at this rate. Is it not so with grown men?

“Beating is the worst, and therefore the last means to be us'd in the correction of children, and that only in the cases of extremity, after all gently ways have been try'd”

—  John Locke, livro Some Thoughts Concerning Education

Sec. 84
Some Thoughts Concerning Education (1693)
Contexto: Beating is the worst, and therefore the last means to be us'd in the correction of children, and that only in the cases of extremity, after all gently ways have been try'd, and proved unsuccessful; which, if well observ'd, there will very seldom be any need of blows.

“He should be instructed how to know and distinguish them; where he should let them see, and when dissemble the knowledge of them and their aims and workings.”

—  John Locke, livro Some Thoughts Concerning Education

Sec. 94
Fonte: Some Thoughts Concerning Education (1693)
Contexto: The scene should be gently open'd, and his entrance made step by step, and the dangers pointed out that attend him from several degrees, tempers, designs, and clubs of men. He should be prepared to be shocked by some, and caress'd by others; warned who are like to oppose, who to mislead, who to undermine him, and who to serve him. He should be instructed how to know and distinguish them; where he should let them see, and when dissemble the knowledge of them and their aims and workings.

“All the entertainment and talk of history is nothing almost but fighting and killing: and the honour and renown that is bestowed on conquerers (who for the most part are but the great butchers of mankind) farther mislead growing youth, who by this means come to think slaughter the laudible business of mankind, and the most heroick of virtues.”

—  John Locke, livro Some Thoughts Concerning Education

Sec. 116
Some Thoughts Concerning Education (1693)
Contexto: All the entertainment and talk of history is nothing almost but fighting and killing: and the honour and renown that is bestowed on conquerers (who for the most part are but the great butchers of mankind) farther mislead growing youth, who by this means come to think slaughter the laudible business of mankind, and the most heroick of virtues. By these steps unnatural cruelty is planted in us; and what humanity abhors, custom reconciles and recommends to us, by laying it in the way to honour. Thus, by fashioning and opinion, that comes to be a pleasure, which in itself neither is, nor can be any.

“The imagination is always restless and suggests a variety of thoughts, and the will, reason being laid aside, is ready for every extravagant project”

—  John Locke, livro Dois Tratados sobre o Governo

First Treatise of Government
Two Treatises of Government (1689)
Contexto: The imagination is always restless and suggests a variety of thoughts, and the will, reason being laid aside, is ready for every extravagant project; and in this State, he that goes farthest out of the way, is thought fittest to lead, and is sure of most followers: And when Fashion hath once Established, what Folly or craft began, Custom makes it Sacred, and 'twill be thought impudence or madness, to contradict or question it. He that will impartially survey the Nations of the World, will find so much of the Governments, Religion, and Manners brought in and continued amongst them by these means, that they will have but little Reverence for the Practices which are in use and credit amongst Men.

“There are two sorts of ill-breeding”

—  John Locke, livro Some Thoughts Concerning Education

Sec. 141
Some Thoughts Concerning Education (1693)
Contexto: The next good quality belonging to a gentleman, is good breeding [manners]. There are two sorts of ill-breeding: the one a sheepish bashfulness, and the other a mis-becoming negligence and disrespect in our carriage; both of which are avoided by duly observing this one rule, not to think meanly of ourselves, and not to think meanly of others.

“The foundations on which several duties are built, and the foundations of right and wrong from which they spring, are not perhaps easily to be let into the minds of grown men”

—  John Locke, livro Some Thoughts Concerning Education

Sec. 81
Some Thoughts Concerning Education (1693)
Contexto: The foundations on which several duties are built, and the foundations of right and wrong from which they spring, are not perhaps easily to be let into the minds of grown men, not us'd to abstract their thoughts from common received opinions. Much less are children capable of reasonings from remote principles. They cannot conceive the force of long deductions. The reasons that move them must be obvious, and level to their thoughts, and such as may be felt and touched. But yet, if their age, temper, and inclination be consider'd, they will never want such motives as may be sufficient to convince them.

“Let a child but be ordered to whip his top at a certain time every day”

—  John Locke, livro Some Thoughts Concerning Education

Sec. 73
Some Thoughts Concerning Education (1693)
Contexto: None of the things they learn, should ever be made a burthen to them, or impos's on them as a task. Whatever is so proposed, presently becomes irksome; the mind takes an aversion to it, though before it were a thing of delight or indifferency. Let a child but be ordered to whip his top at a certain time every day, whether he has or has not a mind to it; let this be but requir'd of him as a duty, wherein he must spend so many hours morning and afternoon, and see whether he will not soon be weary of any play at this rate. Is it not so with grown men?

“He will better comprehend the foundations and measures of decency and justice, and have livelier, and more lasting impressions”

—  John Locke, livro Some Thoughts Concerning Education

Sec. 98
Some Thoughts Concerning Education (1693)
Contexto: He will better comprehend the foundations and measures of decency and justice, and have livelier, and more lasting impressions of what he ought to do, by giving his opinion on cases propos'd, and reasoning with his tutor on fit instances, than by giving a silent, negligent, sleepy audience to his tutor's lectures; and much more than by captious logical disputes, or set declamations of his own, upon any question. The one sets the thoughts upon wit and false colours, and not upon truth; the other teaches fallacy, wrangling, and opiniatry; and they are both of them things that spoil the judgment, and put a man out of the way of right and fair reasoning; and therefore carefully to be avoided by one who would improve himself, and be acceptable to others.

“They would have propriety and possession, pleasing themselves with the power”

—  John Locke, livro Some Thoughts Concerning Education

Sec. 105
Some Thoughts Concerning Education (1693)
Contexto: Another thing wherein they shew their love of dominion, is, their desire to have things to be theirs: They would have propriety and possession, pleasing themselves with the power which that seems to give, and the right that they thereby have, to dispose of them as they please. He that has not observ's these two humours working very betimes in children, has taken little notice of their actions: And he who thinks that these two roots of almost all the injustice and contention that so disturb human life, are not early to be weeded out, and contrary habits introduc'd, neglects the proper season to lay the foundations of a good and worthy man.

“The greatest part of mankind want leisure or capacity for demonstration, nor can carry a train of proofs, which in that way they must always depend upon for conviction, and cannot be required to assent to till they see the demonstration.”

—  John Locke

§ 243
The Reasonableness of Christianity (1695)
Contexto: The greatest part of mankind want leisure or capacity for demonstration, nor can carry a train of proofs, which in that way they must always depend upon for conviction, and cannot be required to assent to till they see the demonstration. Wherever they stick, the teachers are always put upon proof, and must clear the doubt by a thread of coherent deductions from the first principle, how long or how intricate soever that be. And you may as soon hope to leave all the day labourers and tradesmen, the spinsters and dairy-maids, perfect mathematicians, as to have them perfect in ethics this way: having plain commands is the sure and only course to bring them to obedience and practice: the greatest part cannot know, and therefore they must believe. And I ask, whether one coming from heaven in the power of God, in full and clear evidence and demonstration of miracles, giving plain and direct rules of morality and obedience, be not likelier to enlighten the bulk of mankind, and set them right in their duties, and bring them to do them, than by reasoning with them from general notions and principles of human reason?

“A father would do well, as his son grows up, and is capable of it, to talk familiarly with him; nay, ask his advice, and consult with him about those things wherein he has any knowledge or understanding.”

—  John Locke, livro Some Thoughts Concerning Education

Sec. 95
Some Thoughts Concerning Education (1693)
Contexto: A father would do well, as his son grows up, and is capable of it, to talk familiarly with him; nay, ask his advice, and consult with him about those things wherein he has any knowledge or understanding. By this, the father will gain two things, both of great moment. The sooner you treat him as a man, the sooner he will begin to be one; and if you admit him into serious discourses sometimes with you, you will insensibly raise his mind above the usual amusements of youth, and those trifling occupations which it is commonly wasted in. For it is easy to observe, that many young men continue longer in thought and conversation of school-boys than otherwise they would, because their parents keep them at that distance, and in that low rank, by all their carriage to them.

“And he who thinks that these two roots of almost all the injustice and contention that so disturb human life, are not early to be weeded out, and contrary habits introduc'd, neglects the proper season to lay the foundations of a good and worthy man.”

—  John Locke, livro Some Thoughts Concerning Education

Sec. 105
Some Thoughts Concerning Education (1693)
Contexto: Another thing wherein they shew their love of dominion, is, their desire to have things to be theirs: They would have propriety and possession, pleasing themselves with the power which that seems to give, and the right that they thereby have, to dispose of them as they please. He that has not observ's these two humours working very betimes in children, has taken little notice of their actions: And he who thinks that these two roots of almost all the injustice and contention that so disturb human life, are not early to be weeded out, and contrary habits introduc'd, neglects the proper season to lay the foundations of a good and worthy man.

“Children have as much mind to shew that they are free,”

—  John Locke, livro Some Thoughts Concerning Education

Sec. 73
Some Thoughts Concerning Education (1693)
Contexto: Children have as much mind to shew that they are free, that their own good actions come from themselves, that they are absolute and independent, as any of the proudest of you grown men, think of them as you please.

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